Water treatment system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a water treatment system which comprises a solar heat collection unit, a power generation unit, a thermal treatment unit and a membrane treatment unit, and the solar heat collection unit is used for heating and vaporizing raw water; the power generation unit comprises a steam turbine and a power generator, and the steam turbine is connected with the solar heat collection unit; the generator is connected with the steam turbine; the hot method treatment unit is connected with the steam turbine, and the hot method treatment unit is used for desalting the raw water; the membrane treatment unit is electrically connected with the generator; the membrane treatment unit is connected with the hot method treatment unit, and the membrane treatment unit is used for desalting strong brine discharged by the hot method treatment unit. Therefore, raw water can be concentrated to the maximum extent, the yield of treated fresh water and the water quality stability are improved, and the operation cost of a water treatment system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water treatment technology, and in particular to water treatment systems. Background Technology

[0002] Mine water desalination technologies often employ processes such as multi-stage softening, electrodialysis, membrane distillation, reverse osmosis, and evaporation crystallization. Membrane methods are the primary approach, but they have high requirements for the quality of the influent water. However, the quality of mine water fluctuates significantly, resulting in unstable water quality and quantity treated by membrane methods. Furthermore, membrane treatment processes are lengthy, consume a lot of electricity, and have high operating costs. Utility Model Content

[0003] Based on this, this application provides a water treatment system that can maximize the concentration of raw water, increase the yield of fresh water and the stability of water quality, and reduce the operating cost of the water treatment system.

[0004] This application provides a water treatment system, including:

[0005] Solar thermal collectors are used to heat and vaporize raw water;

[0006] The power generation unit includes a steam turbine and a generator, wherein the steam turbine is connected to the solar thermal collector unit; and the generator is connected to the steam turbine.

[0007] A thermal treatment unit is connected to the steam turbine, and the thermal treatment unit is used to desalinate the raw water;

[0008] A membrane treatment unit is electrically connected to the generator; the membrane treatment unit is connected to the thermal treatment unit, and the membrane treatment unit is used to desalinate the concentrated brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit.

[0009] The water treatment system provided in this application desalinates raw water through a thermal treatment unit and then desalinates the concentrated brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit using a membrane treatment unit. This maximizes the concentration of raw water, increasing the yield and stability of the treated freshwater. A solar thermal collector unit is connected to a turbine in a power generation unit, with the thermal treatment unit connected to the turbine and the generator in the power generation unit electrically connected to the membrane treatment unit. The solar thermal collector heats and vaporizes the raw water to provide steam to the turbine. The turbine's expansion drives the generator to generate electricity, which powers the membrane treatment unit without requiring an external power source, thus reducing the system's electricity costs. The steam discharged from the turbine also serves as a heat source for the thermal treatment unit, enabling it to desalinate the raw water without requiring an additional heat source, further reducing the system's operating costs. In summary, this application maximizes the concentration of raw water, increases the yield and stability of the treated freshwater, and reduces the system's operating costs.

[0010] In one embodiment, a thermal storage unit is further included, which is connected to the solar collector and the steam turbine; the thermal storage unit is used to store the thermal energy of the solar collector and to use the stored thermal energy to heat and vaporize the raw water.

[0011] Therefore, when the solar thermal collector is not working, the thermal storage unit can be used to heat and vaporize the raw water to provide a steam source for the steam turbine, ensuring the continuous operation of the water treatment system.

[0012] In one embodiment, a first control valve is provided between the thermal storage unit and the solar collector unit, and a second control valve is provided between the thermal storage unit and the steam turbine.

[0013] Therefore, when the solar collector unit is working normally and the heat storage unit needs to store the heat energy of the solar collector unit, the first control valve is opened and the second control valve is closed to realize the storage of the heat energy of the solar collector unit; when the solar collector unit is not working, the first control valve and the second control valve are opened so that the heat storage unit can use the stored heat energy to heat and vaporize the raw water.

[0014] In one embodiment, the thermal storage unit includes a molten salt thermal storage device.

[0015] In one embodiment, the thermal treatment unit includes a multi-effect evaporator; the steam turbine is connected to the steam inlet of the first-effect evaporator of the multi-effect evaporator; and the membrane treatment unit is connected to the concentrated brine outlet of the multi-effect evaporator.

[0016] Therefore, the thermal treatment unit and the membrane treatment unit can be coupled together, that is, the thermal membrane coupling method can be used to treat raw water, which can maximize the concentration of raw water and improve the yield and water quality stability of the treated fresh water.

[0017] In one embodiment, a condensing unit is further included, which is connected to the steam outlet of the last effect evaporator of the multi-effect evaporator and is also connected to the water inlet of the multi-effect evaporator; the water outlet of the condensing unit is connected to the freshwater outlet of the multi-effect evaporator.

[0018] Therefore, the steam discharged from the steam outlet of the last-effect evaporator can be used to preheat the raw water, which not only realizes energy recovery and utilization, but also increases the temperature of the raw water entering the multi-effect evaporator, thereby increasing the amount and efficiency of the desalinated raw water in the multi-effect evaporator, and thus increasing the treatment capacity and efficiency of the water treatment system.

[0019] In one embodiment, a first booster pump is also included, which is connected to the condensing unit and is used to drive the raw water to flow through the condensing unit.

[0020] Therefore, the first booster pump provides driving force so that the raw water flows through the condenser unit into the multi-effect evaporator. The raw water exchanges heat with the steam discharged from the last effect evaporator in the condenser unit, thereby increasing the temperature of the raw water entering the multi-effect evaporator, which can increase the amount of raw water desalinated by the multi-effect evaporator and its efficiency.

[0021] In one embodiment, the membrane treatment unit includes a reverse osmosis unit and a high-pressure pump; the reverse osmosis unit is connected to the thermal treatment unit via the high-pressure pump.

[0022] Therefore, by using a high-pressure pump to pressurize the concentrated brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit, the reverse osmosis unit can desalinate the concentrated brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit, thereby maximizing the concentration of raw water, increasing the raw water treatment capacity, and thus improving the yield and water quality stability of the treated fresh water.

[0023] In one embodiment, the membrane treatment unit further includes an energy recovery device and a booster pump; the energy recovery device is connected to the thermal treatment unit; the booster pump is connected to the energy recovery device and the reverse osmosis unit; and the concentrated brine outlet of the reverse osmosis unit is connected to the energy recovery device.

[0024] Therefore, the pressure of the high-pressure brine discharged from the reverse osmosis unit can be recovered through the energy recovery device, and the pressure of the brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit can be increased. Combined with the booster pump, the pressure of the brine reaching the reverse osmosis unit can be guaranteed so that the reverse osmosis unit can desalinate the brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit. This maximizes the concentration of raw water, increases the raw water treatment capacity, and further improves the yield and water quality stability of the treated fresh water.

[0025] In one embodiment, a second booster pump is also included, which is connected to the solar collector unit and is used to drive the raw water to flow through the solar collector unit.

[0026] Therefore, the second booster pump provides driving force so that the raw water flows through the solar collector unit, so that the solar collector unit heats and vaporizes the raw water, or the heat storage unit heats and vaporizes the raw water, ensuring the steam source of the steam turbine and the heat source of the thermal treatment unit, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the water treatment system. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water treatment system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 10. Water treatment system; 11. Solar thermal collector unit; 12. Power generation unit; 121. Steam turbine; 122. Generator; 13. Thermal treatment unit; 14. Membrane treatment unit; 141. Reverse osmosis unit; 142. High-pressure pump; 143. Energy recovery device; 144. Booster pump; 15. Thermal storage unit; 16. First control valve; 17. Second control valve; 18. Condensation unit; 19. First booster pump; 201. Second booster pump. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0032] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0036] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a water treatment system according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0037] This application provides a water treatment system 10, including a solar thermal collector 11, a power generation unit 12, a thermal treatment unit 13, and a membrane treatment unit 14. The solar thermal collector 11 heats and vaporizes raw water; the power generation unit 12 includes a steam turbine 121 and a generator 122, with the steam turbine 121 connected to the solar thermal collector 11 and the generator 122 connected to the steam turbine 121; the thermal treatment unit 13 is connected to the steam turbine 121 and is used to desalinate the raw water; the membrane treatment unit 14 is electrically connected to the generator 122 and is connected to the thermal treatment unit 13, used to desalinate the concentrated brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit 13.

[0038] The water treatment system 10 provided in this embodiment desalinates raw water through a thermal treatment unit 13 and desalinates the concentrated brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit 13 through a membrane treatment unit 14. This maximizes the concentration of raw water and improves the yield and quality stability of the treated fresh water. The system is connected to the steam turbine 121 of the power generation unit 12 via a solar thermal collector 11. The thermal treatment unit 13 is connected to the steam turbine 121, and the generator 122 of the power generation unit 12 is electrically connected to the membrane treatment unit 14. The solar thermal collector 11 heats and vaporizes the raw water to provide steam to the steam turbine 121. The steam turbine 121 expands and drives the generator 122 to rotate and generate electricity, which powers the membrane treatment unit 14. This eliminates the need for an external power source and reduces the electricity cost of the water treatment system 10. The steam discharged from the steam turbine 121 can also serve as a heat source for the thermal treatment unit 13 to desalinate the raw water. This eliminates the need for an additional heat source and reduces the operating cost of the water treatment system 10. In summary, this application can maximize the concentration of raw water, increase the yield and quality stability of treated fresh water, and reduce the operating cost of the water treatment system 10.

[0039] It should be noted that the thermal treatment unit 13 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of a multi-effect distillation device, a low-temperature multi-effect distillation device, and a multi-stage flash distillation device. The membrane treatment unit 14 includes, but is not limited to, at least one of an ultrafiltration device, a nanofiltration device, and a reverse osmosis device, and can be specifically configured according to the actual water quality of the raw water. The raw water can be mine water or seawater, and this application does not impose any special restrictions on it.

[0040] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a thermal storage unit 15, which is connected to the solar collector unit 11 and the steam turbine 121. The thermal storage unit 15 is used to store the thermal energy of the solar collector unit 11 and to use the stored thermal energy to heat and vaporize the raw water.

[0041] Therefore, when the solar collector unit 11 is not working, the heat storage unit 15 can be used to heat and vaporize the raw water in order to provide a steam source for the steam turbine 121 and ensure the continuous operation of the water treatment system 10.

[0042] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 1 As shown, a first control valve 16 is provided between the thermal storage unit 15 and the solar collector unit 11, and a second control valve 17 is provided between the thermal storage unit 15 and the steam turbine 121.

[0043] Therefore, when the solar collector unit 11 is working normally and the heat storage unit 15 is needed to store the heat energy of the solar collector unit 11, the first control valve 16 is opened and the second control valve 17 is closed to realize the storage of heat energy of the solar collector unit 11; when the solar collector unit 11 is not working, the first control valve 16 and the second control valve 17 are opened so that the heat storage unit 15 can use the stored heat energy to heat and vaporize the raw water.

[0044] In one embodiment, the thermal storage unit 15 includes, but is not limited to, a molten salt thermal storage device. Molten salt can be used to conveniently store the thermal energy of the solar collector unit 11, so that when the solar collector unit 11 is not working, the molten salt can be used to exchange heat with the raw water to heat and vaporize the raw water, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the water treatment system 10.

[0045] In one embodiment, the thermal treatment unit 13 includes a multi-effect distillation apparatus or a low-temperature multi-effect distillation apparatus. Both the multi-effect distillation apparatus and the low-temperature multi-effect distillation apparatus include a multi-effect evaporator (not shown); the steam turbine 121 is connected to the steam inlet of the first-effect steam generator (not shown) of the multi-effect evaporator; and the membrane treatment unit 14 is connected to the concentrated brine outlet of the multi-effect evaporator.

[0046] Therefore, the thermal treatment unit 13 and the membrane treatment unit 14 can be coupled together, that is, the raw water can be treated by thermal membrane coupling, which can maximize the concentration of raw water and improve the yield and water quality stability of the treated fresh water.

[0047] It should be noted that multi-effect evaporators utilize multiple evaporators connected in series, with the secondary steam from each effect serving as the heating steam for the next effect, thus achieving cascaded utilization of the evaporation operation. Heating steam is introduced into the first-effect evaporator, where the raw water is heated and boils. The resulting secondary steam has a lower pressure and temperature than the original heating steam (i.e., live steam), but still contains a significant amount of latent heat. This secondary steam from the first-effect evaporator is then introduced into the second-effect evaporator as heating steam. At this point, the operating pressure and boiling point of the solution in the second-effect evaporator are lower than those in the first-effect evaporator. Similarly, the secondary steam from the second-effect evaporator can be used as heating steam for the third-effect evaporator; and so on, forming an evaporation system with multiple evaporators operating in series. The concentrated brine outlet of a multi-effect evaporator can be understood as the concentrated brine outlet of multiple evaporators.

[0048] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a condensing unit 18, which is connected to the steam outlet of the last effect evaporator (not shown) of the multi-effect evaporator; the condensing unit 18 is also connected to the water inlet of the multi-effect evaporator; the water outlet of the condensing unit 18 is connected to the fresh water outlet of the multi-effect evaporator.

[0049] Therefore, the steam discharged from the steam outlet of the last-effect evaporator can be used to preheat the raw water, which not only realizes the recovery and utilization of energy, but also increases the temperature of the raw water entering the multi-effect evaporator, thereby increasing the amount and efficiency of the desalinated raw water in the multi-effect evaporator, and thus increasing the treatment capacity and efficiency of the water treatment system 10.

[0050] It should be noted that the inlet of a multi-effect evaporator can be understood as the inlet of multiple evaporators. Similarly, the freshwater outlet of a multi-effect evaporator can be understood as the freshwater outlet of multiple evaporators.

[0051] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a first booster pump 19, which is connected to the condensing unit 18 and is used to drive the raw water to flow through the condensing unit 18.

[0052] Thus, the first booster pump 19 provides driving force so that the raw water flows through the condenser unit 18 and enters the multi-effect evaporator. The raw water exchanges heat with the steam discharged from the last effect evaporator in the condenser unit 18, thereby increasing the temperature of the raw water entering the multi-effect evaporator, which can increase the amount of raw water desalinated by the multi-effect evaporator and its efficiency.

[0053] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 1 As shown, the membrane treatment unit 14 includes a reverse osmosis unit 141 and a high-pressure pump 142; the reverse osmosis unit 141 is connected to the thermal treatment unit 13 via the high-pressure pump 142.

[0054] Therefore, the high-pressure pump 142 pressurizes the concentrated brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit 13 so that the reverse osmosis unit 141 can desalinate the concentrated brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit 13, thereby maximizing the concentration of raw water, increasing the raw water treatment capacity, and thus improving the yield and water quality stability of the treated fresh water.

[0055] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 1 As shown, the membrane treatment unit 14 also includes an energy recovery device 143 and a booster pump 144; the energy recovery device 143 is connected to the thermal treatment unit 13; the booster pump 144 is connected to the energy recovery device 143 and the reverse osmosis unit 141; the concentrated brine outlet of the reverse osmosis unit 141 is connected to the energy recovery device 143.

[0056] Therefore, the pressure of the high-pressure brine discharged from the reverse osmosis unit 141 can be recovered by the energy recovery device 143, and the pressure of the brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit 13 can be increased. Combined with the booster pump 144, the pressure of the brine reaching the reverse osmosis unit 141 can be guaranteed, so that the reverse osmosis unit 141 can desalinate the brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit 13. This can maximize the concentration of raw water, increase the raw water treatment capacity, and thus improve the yield and water quality stability of the treated fresh water.

[0057] In one embodiment, see [reference] Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a second booster pump 201, which is connected to the solar collector unit 11 and is used to drive the raw water to flow through the solar collector unit 11.

[0058] Thus, the second booster pump 201 provides driving force so that the raw water flows through the solar collector unit 11, so that the solar collector unit 11 heats and vaporizes the raw water, or the heat storage unit 15 heats and vaporizes the raw water, ensuring the steam source of the steam turbine 121 and the heat source of the thermal treatment unit 13, thereby ensuring the continuous operation of the water treatment system 10.

[0059] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0060] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A water treatment system, characterized in that, include: Solar thermal collectors are used to heat and vaporize raw water; The power generation unit includes a steam turbine and a generator, wherein the steam turbine is connected to the solar thermal collector unit; The generator is connected to the steam turbine; A thermal treatment unit is connected to the steam turbine, and the thermal treatment unit is used to desalinate the raw water; A membrane treatment unit is electrically connected to the generator; the membrane treatment unit is connected to the thermal treatment unit, and the membrane treatment unit is used to desalinate the concentrated brine discharged from the thermal treatment unit.

2. The water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a thermal storage unit, which is connected to the solar collector unit and the steam turbine; the thermal storage unit is used to store the thermal energy of the solar collector unit and to use the stored thermal energy to heat and vaporize the raw water.

3. The water treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first control valve is provided between the thermal storage unit and the solar collector unit, and a second control valve is provided between the thermal storage unit and the steam turbine.

4. The water treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal storage unit includes a molten salt thermal storage device.

5. The water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal treatment unit includes a multi-effect evaporator; the steam turbine is connected to the steam inlet of the first-effect evaporator of the multi-effect evaporator; and the membrane treatment unit is connected to the concentrated brine outlet of the multi-effect evaporator.

6. The water treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a condensing unit, which is connected to the steam outlet of the last effect evaporator of the multi-effect evaporator and is also connected to the water inlet of the multi-effect evaporator; the water outlet of the condensing unit is connected to the fresh water outlet of the multi-effect evaporator.

7. The water treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a first booster pump, which is connected to the condensing unit and is used to drive the raw water to flow through the condensing unit.

8. The water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The membrane treatment unit includes a reverse osmosis device and a high-pressure pump; the reverse osmosis device is connected to the thermal treatment unit via the high-pressure pump.

9. The water treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The membrane treatment unit further includes an energy recovery device and a booster pump; the energy recovery device is connected to the thermal treatment unit; the booster pump is connected to the energy recovery device and the reverse osmosis unit; the concentrated brine outlet of the reverse osmosis unit is connected to the energy recovery device.

10. The water treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second booster pump, which is connected to the solar collector unit and is used to drive the raw water to flow through the solar collector unit.

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