Strip mine slope crack deformation monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an open-pit mine slope crack deformation monitoring device, and relates to the technical field of open-pit mine slope monitoring. Comprising a first monitoring device and a second monitoring device which are arranged on the two sides of a slope crack respectively, the first monitoring device comprises an angle scale and two first fixing columns, the two first fixing columns are both installed on the same side of the slope crack, and at least one of the two first fixing columns is marked with a first scale; the angle ruler is installed between the two first fixing columns, and second scales are marked on the angle ruler. The second monitoring device comprises a displacement scale marked with third scales and second fixing columns, one end of the displacement scale is arranged on the other side of the slope crack through the second fixing columns, and the other end of the displacement scale extends to the position between the two second fixing columns towards the slope crack and intersects with the angle scale in space. According to the utility model, the spatial development trend of the landslide mass can be accurately pre-judged, and possible life and property loss caused by disasters can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of open-pit mine slope monitoring technology, specifically to an open-pit mine slope crack deformation monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Slope safety hazards are a major factor threatening the safe production of open-pit mines. Disasters on open-pit mine slopes generally exhibit certain warning signs, with slope cracking being a significant one. Currently, monitoring of cracks at the top of open-pit mine slopes involves both manual and online monitoring. However, these methods primarily assess landslide development trends based on the crack opening distance. This monitoring method uses a limited set of parameters, considering only the opening distance and failing to assess the spatial development trend of the landslide body. Therefore, its assessment of the future development trend of the landslide body is insufficient. A more accurate prediction and assessment of the sliding trend should be achieved by analyzing the crack development trend. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a monitoring device for crack deformation on open-pit mine slopes to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a slope crack deformation monitoring device for open-pit mines, comprising a first monitoring device and a second monitoring device respectively deployed on both sides of the slope crack. The first monitoring device includes an angle scale and two first fixed columns, both installed on the same side of the slope crack. At least one of the two first fixed columns is marked with a first graduation. The angle scale is installed between the two first fixed columns and is marked with a second graduation. The second monitoring device includes a displacement scale marked with a third graduation and a second fixed column. One end of the displacement scale is deployed on the other side of the slope crack via the second fixed column, and the other end extends towards the slope crack between the two first fixed columns, spatially intersecting with the angle scale. The displacement scale can cooperate with the first fixed column marked with the first graduation to read the first graduation value to monitor the settlement of the rock mass on both sides of the crack. Simultaneously, the displacement scale can also cooperate with the angle scale to read the second graduation value to monitor the relative displacement direction of the rock mass on both sides of the crack and read the third graduation value to monitor the opening distance of the crack.

[0005] Based on the above technical features, during use, workers can fix the first and second fixed columns on both sides of the slope crack, allowing the displacement scale to extend horizontally between the two first fixed columns, intersecting but not touching the angle scale. Thus, when the crack deforms, the displacement scale moves relative to the first fixed columns and the angle scale. By observing the third scale value on the displacement scale and the second scale value on the angle scale at the intersection of the displacement scale and the angle scale, as well as the value on the first scale of the displacement scale on the first fixed column, the opening distance of the crack, the relative displacement direction of the rock mass on both sides of the crack, and the settlement of the rock mass on both sides of the crack can be monitored. This allows for accurate prediction of the spatial development trend of the landslide, precise prevention of disasters, and reduction of potential loss of life and property.

[0006] In this preferred embodiment, two first fixed columns are arranged along a first direction, and the first fixed column marked with a first scale is installed along a second direction on one side of the slope crack. The displacement scale extends along a third direction to the space between the two second fixed columns, and the side of the angle scale marked with a second scale is perpendicular to the second direction. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are spatially perpendicular to each other.

[0007] In this preferred embodiment, the angle scale is fan-shaped, and the opening of the fan-shaped arc faces the slope crack.

[0008] In this preferred embodiment of the technical solution, before slope crack monitoring, the displacement scale is perpendicularly intersecting the angle scale in space, and the displacement scale is suspended above the angle scale.

[0009] In this preferred embodiment, by observing the intersection of the displacement scale and the angle scale from the second directional perspective, the second scale value of the angle scale and the third scale value of the displacement scale can be read.

[0010] In this preferred embodiment, the first scale is located on the side of the first fixed column opposite to the displacement scale.

[0011] In this preferred embodiment, the first fixed column with a first scale engraved on it can be read by observing the intersection of the displacement scale and the first fixed column with the first scale along the first direction of the viewing angle.

[0012] In this preferred embodiment, the slope crack deformation monitoring device further includes a fixing plate, and the two ends of the angle scale are respectively installed on two first fixing columns through the fixing plate.

[0013] In this preferred embodiment, the slope crack deformation monitoring device further includes a reinforcing beam, which connects and fixes the two first fixed columns, and is located at the bottom of the angle scale.

[0014] In this preferred embodiment, both the bottom of the first fixing post and the second fixing post are provided with a pointed end. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front view of the slope crack deformation monitoring device in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a top view of the slope crack deformation monitoring device in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a left view of the slope crack deformation monitoring device in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slope crack deformation monitoring device before crack deformation in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slope crack deformation monitoring device after crack deformation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the displacement scale and angle scale before crack deformation in the initial position in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement scale and angle scale after crack deformation in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 8 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure at the perpendicular intersection of the displacement scale and the angle scale;

[0023] Figure 9 This is an enlarged view of the structure at the intersection of the displacement scale and the first fixed column in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Displacement scale; 2. Second fixed column; 3. First scale; 4. Fixed plate; 5. First fixed column; 6. Angle scale; 7. Reinforcing beam; 8. Third scale; 9. Second scale; 10. Slope crack; 11. Crack front end; 12. Crack rear end. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various components shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale.

[0028] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined or described in one figure, it will not need to be discussed or described in detail in the description of the subsequent figures.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: an open-pit mine slope crack deformation monitoring device, including a first monitoring device and a second monitoring device respectively deployed on both sides of the slope crack 10. The first monitoring device includes an angle scale 6 and two first fixed columns 5, both of which are installed on the same side of the slope crack 10. At least one of the two first fixed columns 5 is marked with a first scale 3. The angle scale 6 is installed between the two first fixed columns 5 and is marked with a second scale 9. The second monitoring device includes a displacement scale 1 marked with a third scale 8 and a second fixed column 2. One end of the displacement scale 1 is deployed on the other side of the slope crack 10 through the second fixed column 2, and the other end of the displacement scale 1 extends towards the slope crack 10 to the space between the two first fixed columns 5 and intersects with the angle scale 6 in space.

[0030] The displacement scale 1 can be used in conjunction with the first fixed column 5 marked with the first scale 3 to read the value of the first scale 3 to monitor the settlement of the rock mass on both sides of the crack. At the same time, the displacement scale 1 can also be used in conjunction with the angle scale 6 to read the value of the second scale 9 to monitor the relative displacement direction of the rock mass on both sides of the crack and to read the value of the third scale 8 to monitor the opening distance of the crack.

[0031] When using the open-pit mine slope crack deformation monitoring device, workers can fix the first fixed column 5 and the second fixed column 2 on both sides of the slope crack 10, respectively. The displacement scale 1 extends horizontally between the two first fixed columns 5, intersecting but not touching the angle scale 6. Thus, when crack deformation occurs, relative movement occurs between the displacement scale 1, the first fixed column 5, and the angle scale 6. By observing the values ​​at the intersection of the displacement scale 1 and the angle scale 6 (the third scale 8 on the displacement scale 1 and the second scale 9 on the angle scale 6), as well as the value at the first scale 3 on the first fixed column 5, the opening distance of the crack, the relative displacement direction of the rock mass on both sides of the crack, and the settlement of the rock mass on both sides of the crack can be monitored. This allows for accurate prediction of the spatial development trend of the landslide, precise prevention of disasters, and reduction of potential loss of life and property. Preferably, in this embodiment, the first fixed column 5 can be fixed at the rear end of the slope crack 10, and the second fixed column 2 can be fixed at the front end of the slope crack 10.

[0032] Furthermore, two first fixed columns 5 are arranged along a first direction, and the first fixed column 5 marked with a first scale 3 is installed along a second direction on one side of the slope crack 10. The displacement scale 1 extends along a third direction to the space between the two second fixed columns 2. The side of the angle scale 6 marked with a second scale 9 is perpendicular to the second direction. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other in space.

[0033] like Figure 2 , Figures 6 to 8 As shown, to adapt to irregular crack morphology and facilitate accurate and rapid monitoring of slope crack 10, the angle scale 6 can be fan-shaped, with the opening of the fan-shaped arc facing the slope crack 10. Before monitoring the slope crack 10, the displacement scale 1 is perpendicularly intersecting the angle scale 6 in space, and the displacement scale 1 is suspended above the angle scale 6. In this invention, by observing the intersection of the displacement scale 1 and the angle scale 6 from the second direction perspective, the value of the second scale 9 of the angle scale 6 and the value of the third scale 8 of the displacement scale 1 can be read.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown in this embodiment of the utility model, the minimum scale interval (i.e., adjacent scale values) of the angle scale 6 is 1°, the minimum scale interval between the displacement scale 1 and the first fixed column 5 is 2cm, and one side of the displacement scale 1 is aligned with the "0" scale line of the angle scale 6 to facilitate reading the value on the second scale 9.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 The diagram shows the structure when the displacement scale 1 and angle scale 6 are in their initial positions before crack deformation. The second mark 9 on the angle scale 6 is 0°, and the third mark 8 on the displacement scale 1 can be read as 88.2cm.

[0036] like Figure 9 As shown, the first scale 3 on the first fixed post 5 is located on the side of the first fixed post 5 away from the displacement scale 1, and the minimum scale interval of the first scale 3 is 1 cm. In this utility model, the value of the first scale 3 of the first fixed post 5 can be read by observing the intersection of the displacement scale 1 and the first fixed post 5 with the first scale 3 along the first direction of the viewing angle.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 The diagram shows an enlarged view of the displacement scale 1 and the first fixed column 5 before and after crack deformation. The dashed line indicates the position of the displacement scale 1 before crack deformation. At this time, the value of the first scale 3 on the first fixed column 5 can be read as 39.0 cm. The solid line indicates the position of the displacement scale 1 after crack deformation. At this time, the value of the first scale 3 on the first fixed column 5 can be read as 43.2 cm, which means that the settlement of the rock mass on both sides of the crack is 4.2 cm (43.2-39.0=4.2).

[0038] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the slope crack deformation monitoring device also includes a fixed plate 4, and the two ends of the angle scale 6 are respectively fixedly installed on two first fixed columns 5 through the fixed plate 4.

[0039] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, to enhance the overall structural stability of the two first fixed columns 5, the two first fixed columns 5 are connected and fixed by a reinforcing beam 7. In addition, to facilitate reading the readings at the scales of the displacement scale 1 and the angle scale 6, the reinforcing beam 7 is set at the bottom of the angle scale 6.

[0040] For example, 3 to Figure 5 As shown, in order to facilitate the insertion of the first fixed column 5 and the second fixed column 2 into the slope, both the bottom of the first fixed column 5 and the second fixed column 2 are provided with pointed ends.

[0041] In practical use, technicians can first select a suitable equipment installation location based on the monitoring needs of the slope crack 10, and then preliminarily level the equipment installation site. After the site is leveled, the second fixed column 2 is placed at the front end 11 of the crack, and the first fixed column 5 is placed at the rear end 12 of the crack. The displacement scale 1 is extended horizontally between the two first fixed columns 5 and is perpendicular to the "0" mark of the angle scale 6 without touching it. The reading at the perpendicular intersection of the displacement scale 1 and the angle scale 6 is recorded as L0 (i.e., the initial reading before crack deformation). The initial settlement reading C0 (i.e., the initial settlement reading before crack deformation) is obtained by reading the first scale 3 on the first fixed column 5. After a period of slope deformation, the reading L1 (i.e., the expansion reading after crack deformation) is recorded at the third scale 8 at the intersection of the displacement scale 1 and the angle scale 6. The reading X1 (i.e., the rotation angle of the front end of the crack after deformation) is read at the second scale 9 at the intersection. The reading C1 (i.e., the crack reading at the front end of the crack after deformation) is recorded on the first scale 3 of the displacement scale 1. After this operation, the crack propagation distance during the observation period is (L1-L0), the settlement at the crack tip is (C1-C0), and the spatial rotation angle of the crack tip relative to the crack tip is (X1-0). These three parameters provide a comprehensive understanding of the deformation and damage of the slope with existing cracks during this period. Dividing this deformation by the observation time yields the rate of change for each monitoring data point. Through repeated data observations and calculations, the development trend of slope cracks can be understood, allowing for prediction of slope deformation and damage, and helping mines proactively prevent disasters.

[0042] This invention does not use precision instruments, its components are relatively simple, and on-site installation is also relatively simple. Operators only need to select a suitable location in the crack area, perform preliminary on-site leveling, and perform simple operations to realize the installation of the equipment and data measurement. No professional training is required.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring crack deformation on open-pit mine slopes, characterized in that, The slope crack deformation monitoring device includes a first monitoring device and a second monitoring device respectively installed on both sides of the slope crack (10), wherein, The first monitoring device includes an angle scale (6) and two first fixed columns (5). The two first fixed columns (5) are installed on the same side of the slope crack (10). At least one of the two first fixed columns (5) is marked with a first scale (3). The angle scale (6) is installed between the two first fixed columns (5) and is marked with a second scale (9). The second monitoring device includes a displacement scale (1) marked with a third scale (8) and a second fixed column (2). One end of the displacement scale (1) is installed on the other side of the slope crack (10) through the second fixed column (2), and the other end of the displacement scale (1) extends towards the slope crack (10) to the space between the two first fixed columns (5) and intersects with the angle scale (6) in space. The displacement scale (1) can be used with the first fixed column (5) marked with a first scale (3) to read the value of the first scale (3) to monitor the settlement of the rock mass on both sides of the crack. At the same time, the displacement scale (1) can also be used with the angle scale (6) to read the value of the second scale (9) to monitor the relative displacement direction of the rock mass on both sides of the crack and to read the value of the third scale (8) to monitor the opening distance of the crack.

2. The slope crack deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two first fixed columns (5) are arranged along a first direction, and the first fixed column (5) marked with a first scale (3) is installed on one side of the slope crack (10) along a second direction. The displacement scale (1) extends along a third direction between the two second fixed columns (2). The side of the angle scale (6) marked with a second scale (9) is perpendicular to the second direction. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are spatially perpendicular to each other.

3. The slope crack deformation monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle scale (6) is fan-shaped, and the opening of the fan-shaped arc faces the slope crack (10).

4. The slope crack deformation monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before monitoring the slope cracks (10), the displacement scale (1) is perpendicular to the angle scale (6) in space, and the displacement scale (1) is suspended above the angle scale (6).

5. The slope crack deformation monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, By observing the intersection of the displacement scale (1) and the angle scale (6) from the second direction perspective, the value of the second scale (9) of the angle scale (6) and the value of the third scale (8) of the displacement scale (1) can be read.

6. The slope crack deformation monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first scale (3) is set on the side of the first fixed column (5) away from the displacement scale (1).

7. The slope crack deformation monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, By observing the intersection of the displacement scale (1) and the first fixed column (5) marked with the first scale (3) from the perspective of the first direction, the value of the first scale (3) of the first fixed column (5) can be read.

8. The slope crack deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fixing plate (4), and the two ends of the angle scale (6) are respectively mounted on two first fixing posts (5) through the fixing plate (4).

9. The slope crack deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a reinforcing beam (7), which connects and fixes the two first fixed columns (5) together, and the reinforcing beam (7) is set at the bottom of the angle scale (6).

10. The slope crack deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first fixing post (5) and the second fixing post (2) have pointed ends at their bottoms.

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