Young modulus measuring instrument for metal wire

Abstract

The utility model discloses a Young modulus measuring instrument for a metal wire. The Young modulus measuring instrument comprises a support, a fixed pulley arranged at the top of the support, a connecting line connected with the fixed pulley in a matched mode, a measuring assembly and an air wedge. The air wedge comprises a first glass sheet and a second glass sheet, the second glass sheet is arranged on the measuring assembly, one end of the first glass sheet is arranged above the clamp, the other end of the first glass sheet is in contact with the second glass sheet, and a wedge-shaped air gap is formed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet. Compared with the traditional optical lever method, the device converts the tiny deformation of the metal wire into the amplification change of the interference fringe spacing, realizes the high-precision measurement of the deformation quantity by using the reading microscope, has the advantages of high measurement precision, convenience in operation, small occupied area and the like, can remarkably improve the experiment efficiency, and is suitable for being popularized and applied to the fields of teaching and scientific research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of experimental instruments for materials mechanics, and relates to a Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire. Background Technology

[0002] Young's modulus is an important physical parameter describing the resistance of solid materials to deformation and is widely measured in engineering design, such as selecting materials for mechanical parts. In physics experimental teaching and research, the measurement of Young's modulus of metallic materials is a fundamental experimental project. Traditional teaching physics experiments use the optical lever method to measure minute deformations. The optical lever system used consists of a telescope group, a plane mirror, and a scale, which usually requires an operating distance of 2-3 meters. This results in a large and heavy set of equipment, which places strict requirements on laboratory space and makes it difficult to carry out experiments in space-constrained situations. In addition, the experimental process has low visualization, and the elongation of the metal wire can only be obtained indirectly through scale readings, making it impossible to directly observe the deformation process. Furthermore, the accuracy of the measurement data is limited, increasing the difficulty of operation and experimental errors for the experimenter.

[0003] Existing improvements, such as patent CN202211321320.8, attempt to overcome the large size of the device in traditional technology by replacing the optical lever with a Hall sensor and a magnet. However, the device has many components and a complex structure, which increases the cost of experimental teaching and still fails to solve the problem of insufficient visualization of the experimental process.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of experimental device with high integration, significantly improved measurement accuracy, and process visualization features. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a metal wire Young's modulus measuring instrument, which has the advantages of visualized experimental process, improved data accuracy, and diversified measurement objects. It is also lighter, smaller, and requires less space for experiments. It solves the problems of traditional experimental instruments being difficult to operate, having limited experimental accuracy, and being inconvenient to store.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire, comprising:

[0008] support;

[0009] A fixed pulley is located at the top of the bracket;

[0010] A connecting line that mates with the fixed pulley; one end of the connecting line is provided with a weight, and the other end is provided with a clamp;

[0011] Measurement components;

[0012] An air wedge includes a first glass plate and a second glass plate, the second glass plate being disposed on the measuring assembly, one end of the first glass plate being disposed above the clamp, and the other end being in contact with the second glass plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the bracket includes a top plate, a shelf, a base, and a support rod, with the support rod disposed between the base and the top plate, and one end of the shelf sleeved on the support rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the measuring component includes a microscope and a light source; the second glass slide is disposed on the upper surface of the stage of the microscope, and a beam splitter is provided between the second glass slide and the objective lens of the microscope; the measuring component is disposed on the upper surface of the plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the light source is positioned on the side of the microscope near the support, and the light source and the beam splitter are on the same horizontal line.

[0016] Furthermore, a metal wire to be tested is connected to the lower part of the clamp, and the other end of the metal wire to be tested is connected to the base; a wedge-shaped air gap is formed between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and its thickness varies with the tensile deformation of the metal wire to be tested.

[0017] Furthermore, the support rod is provided with a scale for measuring the length of the metal wire to be measured.

[0018] Furthermore, the shelf is equipped with a vernier device.

[0019] Furthermore, the base is equipped with a level, which can be adjusted to adapt to various experimental environments.

[0020] Furthermore, the connecting wire is made of plastic-coated steel wire, and the light source is a sodium lamp.

[0021] Furthermore, the overall height of this utility model is less than 1.5m, and the length and width are both less than 0.5m.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] This invention introduces an air wedge structure, including a first glass plate and a second glass plate, with a wedge-shaped air gap between them. This structure transforms the minute deformation of the statically stretched metal wire into a change in the fringe spacing on the optical glass plate, making the deformation process and experimental results visible.

[0024] This invention incorporates a microscope device, which indirectly measures the deformation of the metal wire by measuring the stripe width using a reading microscope, thereby improving the accuracy of the data from 1 mm to 0.01 mm. In addition, a vernier device is designed, which, together with the scale on the support column, enables the precise measurement of the Young's modulus of the metal wire.

[0025] This invention is lighter, smaller, and requires less space to conduct experiments, which can better solve the dilemma of not being able to carry out the optical lever experiment due to space limitations. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vernier device.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Fixed pulley; 2. Connecting line; 3. Weight; 4. Light source; 5. Fixture; 6. Stage; 7. Wire to be measured; 8. Objective lens; 9. Beam spectroscope; 10. Air wedge; 11. Top plate; 12. Placement plate; 13. Support rod; 14. Base; 15. Vernier device. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire, with overall dimensions of 0.35m * 0.4m * 1.25m and a total mass of 21.4kg, comprising:

[0031] The support frame includes a top plate 11, a shelf 12, a base 14, and a support rod 13. The support rod 13 is disposed between the base 14 and the top plate 11, and one end of the shelf 12 is sleeved on the support rod 13. The positions of the top plate 11 and the shelf 12 are adjustable vertically and are both fixed to the support rod 13 with Torx bolts to accommodate the measurement of the Young's modulus of metal wires 7 of different lengths. The support rod 13 is provided with a scale for measuring the length of the metal wire 7 to be measured. Figure 2 The shelf 12 is equipped with a vernier caliper 15; the base 14 is equipped with a level.

[0032] Fixed pulley 1 is suspended below the top plate 11;

[0033] A connecting line 2 is connected to the fixed pulley 1; one end of the connecting line 2 is provided with a weight 3, and the other end is provided with a clamp 5; in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the connecting line 2 is made of plastic-coated steel wire, the clamp 5 is a cylindrical clamp, and the lower end of the cylindrical clamp is connected to the metal wire 7 to be tested.

[0034] Measurement component; the measurement component is disposed on the placement plate 12 and includes a microscope and a light source 4; in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light source 4 is a sodium lamp;

[0035] The air wedge 10 includes a first glass plate and a second glass plate, forming a wedge-shaped air gap between them. Its thickness varies with the tensile deformation of the metal wire 7 to be tested. The second glass plate is disposed on the upper surface of the stage 6 of the microscope. One end of the first glass plate is disposed above the clamp 5, and the other end is in contact with the second glass plate. A beam splitter 9 is disposed between the second glass plate and the objective lens 8 of the microscope. The light source 4 is disposed on the side of the microscope near the support. The light source 4 and the beam splitter 9 are located on the same horizontal line.

[0036] Specifically, this invention changes the direction of force on the metal wire 7 to be tested by using a fixed pulley 1, thereby increasing the angle of the air wedge 10 as the metal wire 7 is stretched, and thus measuring the Young's modulus.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a black card is attached to the stage 6 of the microscope. This card can prevent interference between the stage 6 of the reading microscope and the air wedge 10 while making the field of view clearer.

[0038] In use, the bracket is first assembled to ensure a stable connection between the top plate 11, the shelf 12, the base 14, and the support rod 13. The entire device is then leveled using a level on the base 14 to ensure measurement accuracy. The fixed pulley 1 is installed on the top plate 11 of the bracket to ensure it can rotate freely. One end of the connecting wire 2 is passed through the fixed pulley 1 and connected to the weight 3, while the other end is fitted with a clamp 5. One end of the metal wire 7 to be measured is fixed to the clamp 5, and the other end is fixed to the base 14. At this point, the metal wire 7 to be measured is not under tension.

[0039] Next, the microscope and light source 4 are placed on the mounting plate 12, and a second glass slide is placed on the stage 6 of the microscope. A beam splitter 9 is placed between the second glass slide and the objective lens 8 of the microscope, and the beam splitter 9 is kept on the same horizontal line as the light source 4, forming an optical path connection between the light source 4, the beam splitter 9, and the objective lens 8. One end of the first glass slide is placed above the clamp 5, and the other end is in contact with the second glass slide, forming a wedge-shaped air gap. At this time, the direction of force on the metal wire 7 under test is changed by the fixed pulley 1, thereby increasing the angle of the air wedge 10 as the metal wire 7 under test is stretched. The air wedge 10 is placed above the stage 6 of the reading microscope. A bright image is obtained by adjusting the beam splitter 9, and the alternating bright and dark interference fringes can be observed through the objective lens 8 of the reading microscope. By observing the changes in the interference fringes before and after, the minute deformation of the metal wire 7 under test can be calculated, and then the Young's modulus of the metal wire 7 under test can be calculated by the change in the mass of the weight 3.

[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be considered as limitations on this utility model, and the scope of protection of this utility model should be determined by the scope defined in the claims. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire, comprising: support; A fixed pulley (1) is provided on the top of the bracket; The connecting line (2) is connected to the fixed pulley (1); One end of the connecting line (2) is provided with a weight (3), and the other end is provided with a clamp (5); Measurement component; characterized in that it further includes: An air wedge (10) includes a first glass plate and a second glass plate. The second glass plate is disposed on the measuring assembly. One end of the first glass plate is disposed above the clamp (5), and the other end is in contact with the second glass plate. A wedge-shaped air gap is formed between the first glass plate and the second glass plate.

2. The Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket includes a top plate (11), a shelf (12), a base (14), and a support rod (13). The support rod (13) is disposed between the base (14) and the top plate (11), and one end of the shelf (12) is sleeved on the support rod (13).

3. The Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring components include a microscope and a light source (4); the measuring components are disposed on the upper surface of the placement plate (12).

4. The Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second glass slide is disposed on the upper surface of the stage (6) of the microscope, and a beam splitter (9) is provided between the second glass slide and the objective lens (8) of the microscope.

5. The Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire according to claim 4, characterized in that, The light source (4) is located on the side of the microscope near the support, and the light source (4) and the beam splitter (9) are on the same horizontal line.

6. The Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamp (5) is connected to the bottom of a metal wire (7) to be tested, and the other end of the metal wire (7) to be tested is connected to the base (14).

7. The Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support rod (13) is provided with a scale.

8. The Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire according to claim 2, characterized in that, The shelf (12) is equipped with a vernier device (15).

9. The Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (14) is equipped with a level.

10. The Young's modulus measuring instrument for metal wire according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting wire (2) is made of plastic-coated steel wire, and the light source (4) is a sodium lamp.

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