Water-saving irrigation devices for rice cultivation
An automated control system, consisting of multiple water injection nozzles and soil moisture sensors installed in rice paddies, has solved the problems of low water utilization and poor irrigation effects in rice fields, achieving efficient water conservation and improved irrigation results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- PUJIANG LIXING GRAIN PROFESSIONAL COOP
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing irrigation methods for rice fields suffer from low water use efficiency and poor irrigation effect. In particular, surface evaporation of water occurs in the middle of the rice field and deep seepage near the water inlet, resulting in a water use efficiency of only 40% to 50%, and some areas are under-irrigated or over-irrigated.
The system employs multiple water injection nozzles at different depths within the rice paddy, combined with soil moisture sensors and solenoid valves for automated control, to precisely penetrate water into the target soil layer. The tilted nozzle design and filter structure prevent clogging, while the combination of booster pumps and auxiliary spraying devices improves irrigation efficiency.
It improves water use efficiency by 40% to 50%, reduces surface water evaporation and deep seepage, enhances irrigation effect, and achieves the advantages of good water-saving effect, long service life, stable structure and high irrigation rate.
Smart Images
Figure CN224267679U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to an irrigation device for rice cultivation, and in particular a water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation. Background Technology
[0002] Rice cultivation is a crucial agricultural practice in southern China. Due to its unique growth characteristics, rice requires a significant amount of water in its early stages of rapid growth. Many rice paddies are irrigated primarily through flood irrigation or furrow irrigation, where water is directly diverted from rivers or canals. Inlet outlets are typically located at a distance from the rice paddy surface to allow for water flow. However, this method often suffers from significant surface evaporation in the center of the paddy and deep seepage near the inlet, resulting in 40%–50% of the water not being utilized for irrigation. This leads to low water use efficiency and uneven irrigation, with some areas receiving sufficient water while others are insufficient, resulting in poor overall irrigation effectiveness. Therefore, existing irrigation methods for rice paddies suffer from both low water use efficiency and poor irrigation results. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation. This invention not only improves water use efficiency but also has the advantage of good irrigation effect.
[0004] The technical solution of this utility model: a water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation, comprising a main water pipe installed on the ridge of the rice field and connected to an external water source, a pressurized water pump connected to the main water pipe, multiple branch water pipes connected to the main water pipe and arranged perpendicularly to it, and an external controller. Each branch water pipe has an outlet pipe installed at its end, vertically positioned within the rice field. Each outlet pipe has three vertically evenly distributed water injection nozzles. Each water injection nozzle is equipped with a solenoid valve. Above each water injection nozzle is a fixed, arc-shaped baffle mounted on the outlet pipe, and a soil moisture sensor is installed on the top surface of each baffle. Each solenoid valve and soil moisture sensor... All moisture sensors are electrically connected to the controller. Soil moisture sensors at different locations are used to detect the moisture content at different depths in the paddy field, thereby controlling the water injection nozzles at different soil depths to precisely penetrate the target soil layer. This not only reduces surface water evaporation and deep seepage, but also improves water utilization by 40%–50% compared to traditional irrigation methods, resulting in significant water conservation. The curved baffle serves not only as a mounting base for the soil moisture sensors but also provides some protection above the water injection nozzles, reducing soil pressure and extending their service life.
[0005] In the aforementioned water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation, all the water injection nozzles are arranged from top to bottom along the water outlet pipe as shallow nozzles, middle nozzles, and deep nozzles. The middle and deep nozzles are inclined downwards, with the inclination angle of the middle nozzles being smaller than that of the deep nozzles. The shallow nozzles are inclined upwards. Setting the outlets of the shallow, middle, and deep nozzles in an inclined manner not only helps to prevent clogging to a certain extent but also increases the penetration area of the water sprayed from the shallow, middle, and deep nozzles, thus ensuring the irrigation effect.
[0006] In the aforementioned water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation, a filter seat is threadedly installed on the port of the main water pipe corresponding to the port connected to the external water source, and a filter screen is installed on the filter seat; a flow regulating valve is installed on the main water pipe; the filter screen can prevent mud and sand from entering the main water pipe, branch water pipe and outlet water pipe, avoiding the phenomenon of irrigation failure due to blockage and ensuring the stability of use.
[0007] In the aforementioned water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation, the outer surface of the main water pipe is provided with an external thread at the position corresponding to the filter seat; the inner wall of the filter seat is provided with an internal thread, and a sealing ring is provided between the filter seat and the main water pipe on one side of the filter screen.
[0008] In the aforementioned water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation, the distance between the shallow nozzle and the surface of the rice paddy is 4-5 cm, and the spray angle of the shallow nozzle is 30°-35° upward; the distance between the middle nozzle and the surface of the rice paddy is 15-20 cm, and the spray angle of the middle nozzle is 40°-45° downward; the distance between the deep nozzle and the surface of the rice paddy is 30-40 cm, and the spray angle of the deep nozzle is 55°-60° downward.
[0009] In the aforementioned water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation, a chemical injection pipe is connected to the top of the branch pipe at the connection point with the main water pipe, and a valve is installed on the chemical injection pipe. A booster pump is installed on one side of the chemical injection pipe and is electrically connected to the controller. The chemical injection pipe allows for simultaneous fertilization or irrigation with chemical solution during irrigation, resulting in a simpler overall structure. Furthermore, the booster pump on one side of the chemical injection pipe increases the water pressure in the branch pipe, enabling a better water flow rate at the far end of the branch pipe and improving irrigation efficiency. Simultaneously, the blades on the booster pump can mix the chemical solution with the irrigation water.
[0010] In the aforementioned water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation, a mounting base in the shape of "[" is sleeved on the main water pipe and installed on the paddy field ridge. An auxiliary frame is slidably mounted on the top surface of the mounting base. A secondary water pipe connected to an external water source is installed on the auxiliary frame, and a semi-circular water outlet is provided at the end of the secondary water pipe. Multiple evenly distributed water outlets are provided on the surface of the water outlet. The mounting base is used to connect the main water pipe and the paddy field ridge, making the overall structure more stable. Moreover, the auxiliary frame slidably mounted on the top surface of the mounting base, along with the secondary water pipe and water outlet on the auxiliary frame, can perform auxiliary irrigation or auxiliary spraying of pesticides on the surface of the paddy field, further improving the irrigation rate and irrigation effect.
[0011] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model improves upon existing irrigation devices for rice cultivation. By installing three water injection nozzles at different depths within the rice paddy on each outlet pipe, and combining these with soil moisture sensors above each nozzle and solenoid valves mounted on the nozzles, the system detects soil moisture at different depths based on the location of the soil moisture sensors. This allows for precise water penetration to the target soil layer, significantly reducing surface water exposure compared to previous surface irrigation methods. By reducing evaporation of surface water and deep seepage, water utilization efficiency is increased by 40% to 50%, resulting in significant water conservation. Furthermore, it better meets the water absorption needs of rice roots, improving irrigation effectiveness. The use of a controller in conjunction with a soil moisture sensor and solenoid valve enables a degree of automation, simplifying operation. Additionally, the curved baffle above each water injection nozzle serves not only as a mounting base for the soil moisture sensor but also provides protection above the nozzle, reducing soil pressure and extending its lifespan.
[0012] Furthermore, this invention also features inclined shallow, medium, and deep sprinklers. This inclined structure not only prevents clogging to some extent but also increases the penetration area of the water sprayed from these sprinklers, ensuring effective irrigation. A filter seat with a filter screen is threaded onto the inlet of the main water pipe. This filter screen prevents sediment from entering the main, branch, and outlet pipes, avoiding clogging and ensuring stable operation. The filter screen is mounted on the filter seat, which is threaded onto the main water pipe for easy removal and cleaning, facilitating maintenance. The shallow sprinklers are tilted upwards at 30°–35° and positioned 4–5 cm below the surface of the rice paddy, allowing them to effectively reach the top layer of soil in the rice paddy. Wet irrigation ensures effective irrigation. A pesticide injection pipe connected to the branch pipe allows for simultaneous fertilization or pesticide application during irrigation, simplifying the overall structure. A booster pump on one side of the injection pipe increases water pressure within the branch pipe, resulting in a faster water flow rate and improved irrigation efficiency. The booster pump also mixes the liquid injected into the branch pipe with the liquid from the main pipe, eliminating the need for an additional stirring device and further simplifying the structure. A mounting base on the main pipe connects it to the paddy field ridges, enhancing stability. An auxiliary frame sliding on the top of the mounting base, with its secondary water pipe and outlet, allows for supplementary irrigation or pesticide spraying on the paddy field surface, further improving irrigation speed and effectiveness. Therefore, this utility model not only improves water utilization efficiency, but also has the advantages of good irrigation effect, good water saving effect, convenient use, long service life, convenient maintenance, high irrigation rate, simple structure and high structural stability. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0014] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;
[0015] Figure 3 This is a side view of the connection between the main water pipe and the filter base;
[0016] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;
[0017] Figure 5This is the control flowchart of the controller and the soil moisture sensor.
[0018] The labels in the attached diagram are as follows: 1-Main water pipe, 2-Boosting water pump, 3-Branch water pipe, 4-Controller, 5-Outlet water pipe, 6-Solenoid valve, 7-Baffle, 8-Soil moisture sensor, 9-Shallow nozzle, 10-Middle nozzle, 11-Deep nozzle, 12-Filter screen, 14-Injection pipe, 15-Valve, 16-Boosting pump, 17-Mounting base, 18-Auxiliary frame, 19-Secondary water pipe, 20-Outlet head. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0020] Example 1. A water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation, configured as follows: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the system includes a main water pipe 1 installed on the ridge of the rice paddy and connected to an external water source, a pressurized water pump 2 connected to the main water pipe 1, multiple branch water pipes 3 connected to the main water pipe 1 and arranged perpendicularly to it, and an external controller 4. Each branch water pipe 3 has an outlet pipe 5 installed at its end, which is vertically arranged in the rice paddy. Each outlet pipe 5 has three vertically evenly distributed water injection nozzles. Each water injection nozzle is equipped with a solenoid valve 6. Above each water injection nozzle, there is an arc-shaped baffle 7 fixed on the outlet pipe 5. Each baffle 7 has a soil moisture sensor 8 installed on its top surface. Each solenoid valve 6 and soil moisture sensor 8 is electrically connected to the controller 4.
[0021] All the water injection nozzles, arranged from top to bottom along the outlet pipe, are: shallow nozzle 9, middle nozzle 10, and deep nozzle 11. The middle nozzle 10 and deep nozzle 11 are inclined downwards, with the inclination angle of the middle nozzle 10 being smaller than that of the deep nozzle 11. The shallow nozzle 9 is inclined upwards. A filter seat is threaded onto the port of the main water pipe 1 corresponding to the port connecting to the external water source, and a filter screen 12 is installed on the filter seat. A flow regulating valve is installed on the main water pipe 1. The distance between the shallow nozzle 9 and the surface of the rice paddy is 4–5 cm, and the spray angle of the shallow nozzle 9 is inclined upwards at 30°–35°. The distance between the middle nozzle 10 and the surface of the rice paddy is 15–20 cm, and the spray angle of the middle nozzle 10 is inclined downwards at 40°–45°. The distance between the deep spray nozzle 11 and the surface of the rice paddy is 30-40 cm, and the spray angle of the deep spray nozzle 11 is 55°-60° downward tilt. The top of the branch water pipe 3, corresponding to the connection with the main water pipe 1, is connected to an injection pipe 14, and a valve 15 is installed on the injection pipe 14. A booster pump 16 is installed on one side of the injection pipe 14 and installed on the branch water pipe 3. The booster pump 16 is electrically connected to the controller 4. A mounting base 17 in the shape of "[" is sleeved on the main water pipe 1 and installed on the ridge of the rice paddy. An auxiliary frame 18 is slidably installed on the top surface of the mounting base 17. A secondary water pipe 19 connected to the external water source is installed on the auxiliary frame 18. A semi-circular water outlet 20 is provided at the end of the secondary water pipe 19. Multiple evenly distributed water outlets are provided on the surface of the water outlet 20.
[0022] Example 2. A water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation, configured as follows: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the system includes a main water pipe 1 installed on the ridge of the rice paddy and connected to an external water source, a pressurized water pump 2 connected to the main water pipe 1, multiple branch water pipes 3 connected to the main water pipe 1 and arranged perpendicularly to it, and an external controller 4. Each branch water pipe 3 has an outlet pipe 5 installed at its end, which is vertically arranged in the rice paddy. Each outlet pipe 5 has three vertically evenly distributed water injection nozzles. Each water injection nozzle is equipped with a solenoid valve 6. Above each water injection nozzle, there is an arc-shaped baffle 7 fixed on the outlet pipe 5. Each baffle 7 has a soil moisture sensor 8 installed on its top surface. Each solenoid valve 6 and soil moisture sensor 8 is electrically connected to the controller 4.
[0023] All the water injection nozzles, arranged from top to bottom along the outlet pipe, are: shallow nozzle 9, middle nozzle 10, and deep nozzle 11. The middle nozzle 10 and deep nozzle 11 are inclined downwards, with the inclination angle of the middle nozzle 10 being smaller than that of the deep nozzle 11. The shallow nozzle 9 is inclined upwards. A filter seat is threaded onto the port of the main water pipe 1 corresponding to the port connecting to the external water source, and a filter screen 12 is installed on the filter seat. A flow regulating valve is installed on the main water pipe 1. The distance between the shallow nozzle 9 and the surface of the rice paddy is 4, and the spray angle of the shallow nozzle 9 is inclined upwards at 30°. The distance between the middle nozzle 10 and the surface of the rice paddy is 15, and the spray angle of the middle nozzle 10 is inclined downwards at 45°. The deep nozzle 9... The distance between the layer nozzle 11 and the surface of the rice paddy is 30 mm, and the spray angle of the deep layer nozzle 11 is 60° downward tilt. The top of the branch water pipe 3, corresponding to the connection with the main water pipe 1, is connected to an injection pipe 14, and a valve 15 is installed on the injection pipe 14. A booster pump 16 is installed on one side of the injection pipe 14 and installed on the branch water pipe 3. The booster pump 16 is electrically connected to the controller 4. The main water pipe 1 is fitted with a mounting base 17 in the shape of "[" installed on the ridge of the rice paddy. An auxiliary frame 18 is slidably installed on the top surface of the mounting base 17. A secondary water pipe 19 connected to an external water source is installed on the auxiliary frame 18. A semi-circular water outlet 20 is provided at the end of the secondary water pipe 19. Multiple evenly distributed water outlets are provided on the surface of the water outlet 20.
[0024] Working principle: In practical use, the entire device is first installed on the rice paddy and connected to an external safe mains power supply, so that the controller 4, solenoid valve 6, and soil moisture sensor 8 are powered on. Then, the target moisture threshold for different depths of the rice paddy is input into the controller 4 (for example, during the tillering stage of rice growth, the moisture threshold for shallow soil is set to 65%, for middle soil to 55%, and for deep soil to 45%). Then, the pressurized water pump 2 and booster pump 16 are started. The pressurized water pump 2 pressurizes the external water source and pumps it into the main water pipe 1. Before entering the main water pipe 1, the water first passes through the filter screen 12 on the filter seat to filter the sediment, preventing sediment from entering the branch pipe 3 or the outlet pipe 5 and causing blockage, thus ensuring the stability of the operation. The water entering the main water pipe 1 will flow into the branch pipe 3, and the water entering the branch pipe 3 will be further increased by the booster pump 16, so that it can quickly enter the outlet pipe 5 from the branch pipe 3. At the same time, the soil moisture sensors 8 located in the shallow, middle and deep layers of the rice field will detect the shallow soil moisture, middle soil moisture and deep soil moisture of the rice field, respectively. The received data is transmitted to the controller 4 via a data transmission line or Bluetooth. The controller 4 compares the soil moisture signals sent by the soil moisture sensors 8 at different locations with the soil moisture thresholds set for different locations within the controller 4. For example, the soil moisture sensor 8 located above the shallow sprinkler 9 sends the detected shallow soil moisture value of the rice paddy to the controller 4. The controller then retrieves the previously stored shallow soil moisture threshold and compares it with the received current shallow soil moisture value. If the current shallow soil moisture value is less than the shallow soil moisture threshold, the controller 4 will control... The solenoid valve 6 on the shallow sprinkler head 9 opens, allowing water from the outlet pipe 5 to be sprayed out through the shallow sprinkler head 9, completing the irrigation of the shallow soil in the rice paddy. Once the controller 4 receives the current shallow soil moisture value again, which equals the shallow soil moisture threshold, the controller 4 will control the solenoid valve 6 on the shallow sprinkler head 9 to close, completing the irrigation. Similarly, the middle sprinkler head 10 and the deep sprinkler head 11 perform the same operation as the shallow sprinkler head 9, except that when the controller 4 receives the current soil moisture value sent by the soil moisture sensor 8 at the corresponding location, the extracted threshold values correspond to the middle soil moisture threshold and the deep soil moisture threshold, respectively.
[0025] When fertilizer solution or pesticide needs to be added, simply connect the fertilizer solution or pesticide to the injection pipe 14, then open the valve 15 to allow the fertilizer solution or pesticide to enter the branch water pipe 3 through the injection pipe 14. The pump 16 then rotates and mixes the fertilizer solution or pesticide with the water, ensuring effective irrigation. When spraying pesticides on the surface of the rice paddies or when external auxiliary irrigation is needed, the auxiliary frame 18 can be slid on the top surface of the mounting base 17, positioning the water outlet 20 above the rice paddy area requiring auxiliary irrigation, allowing external water to supply the auxiliary water source. Pipe 19 supplies water. After entering the auxiliary water pipe 19, the water is sprayed down from above the rice paddy through the water outlet 20. Because the surface of the water outlet 20 is arc-shaped and has multiple evenly distributed water outlets, the spraying area of the water outlet 20 is increased. The controller 4 used in this application can be a programmable controller of model such as FX2C-20MRD, Cortex-R8, or Cortex-M7. The soil moisture sensor 8 used can be a model such as TRSD-A1, SOIL-CLIK, or HG04-1001. The filter screen is made of stainless steel and its mesh size can be 100 mesh.
Claims
1. A water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation, comprising a main water pipe (1) installed on the ridge of the rice field and connected to an external water source, a pressurized water pump (2) connected to the main water pipe (1), multiple branch water pipes (3) connected to the main water pipe (1) and arranged perpendicularly to the main water pipe (1), and an external controller (4), characterized in that: Each branch pipe (3) is equipped with a water outlet pipe (5) that is vertically installed in the rice planting field. Each water outlet pipe (5) is equipped with three vertically evenly distributed water injection nozzles. Each water injection nozzle is equipped with a solenoid valve (6). Each water injection nozzle is equipped with an arc-shaped baffle (7) that is fixed on the water outlet pipe (5) directly above it. Each baffle (7) is equipped with a soil moisture sensor (8) on its top surface. Each solenoid valve (6) and soil moisture sensor (8) is electrically connected to the controller (4).
2. The water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the water injection nozzles are arranged from top to bottom along the water outlet pipe as shallow nozzle (9), middle nozzle (10) and deep nozzle (11). The middle nozzle (10) and deep nozzle (11) are inclined downwards, and the inclination angle of the middle nozzle (10) is smaller than that of the deep nozzle (11). The shallow nozzle (9) is inclined upwards.
3. The water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter seat is threaded on the port of the main water pipe (1) corresponding to the port connected to the external water source, and a filter screen (12) is provided on the filter seat; a flow regulating valve is provided on the main water pipe (1).
4. The water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the main water pipe (1) is provided with an external thread at the position corresponding to the filter seat; the inner wall of the filter seat is provided with an internal thread, and a sealing ring located on one side of the filter screen (12) is provided between the filter seat and the main water pipe (1).
5. The water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between the shallow nozzle (9) and the surface of the rice paddy is 4-5 cm, and the spray angle of the shallow nozzle (9) is 30°-35° upward. The distance between the middle nozzle (10) and the surface of the rice paddy is 15-20 cm, and the spray angle of the middle nozzle (10) is 40°-45° downward. The distance between the deep nozzle (11) and the surface of the rice paddy is 30-40 cm, and the spray angle of the deep nozzle (11) is 55°-60° downward.
6. The water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch water pipe (3) is connected to the top end of the connection point with the main water pipe (1) by a drug injection pipe (14), and a valve (15) is provided on the drug injection pipe (14); a booster pump (16) is installed on one side of the drug injection pipe (14) and is electrically connected to the controller (4).
7. The water-saving irrigation device for rice cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The main water pipe (1) is fitted with a mounting base (17) that is installed on the ridge of the rice planting field and is in the shape of "[". An auxiliary frame (18) is slidably installed on the top surface of the mounting base (17). A secondary water pipe (19) connected to an external water source is installed on the auxiliary frame (18). A semi-circular water outlet (20) is provided at the end of the secondary water pipe (19). Multiple evenly distributed water outlets are provided on the surface of the water outlet (20).