A high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device, including a crushing chamber, a main shaft inside the crushing chamber, a crushing hammer assembly on the main shaft, and several grate bars below the crushing hammer assembly. The two ends of the grate bars are fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber, and each grate bar is arranged in an arc shape around the axis of the main shaft to form a crushing cavity between the grate bars and the main shaft. A feeding trough is formed between adjacent grate bars. Each grate bar forms an arc-shaped screening surface with multiple feeding troughs in the crushing cavity. The cross-section of the grate bar corresponding to the feeding trough is set as an isosceles trapezoidal structure, so that the cross-sectional size of the feeding trough gradually increases in the radial outward direction. This utility model forms a radially outward trumpet-shaped feeding trough by controlling the size structure of the grate bars. The small diameter opening of the feeding trough ensures the screening size of the crushed material, and the gradually increasing trough width structure can quickly realize the material feeding, effectively prevent blockage, avoid over-screening, and improve coal crushing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crushing equipment technology, specifically to a high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device. Background Technology

[0002] After coal mining, raw coal needs to be crushed and screened before further processing and utilization. Common crushing equipment for coal includes jaw crushers, hammer crushers, and impact crushers. These machines have different working principles and structures, but their main function is to crush raw coal into smaller particles for subsequent processing and utilization.

[0003] A hammer crusher is a device that crushes materials through impact. Hammer crushers are suitable for crushing medium-hard materials such as limestone, slag, coke, and coal in industries such as cement, chemical, power, and metallurgy. However, to ensure properly sized particles, existing hammer crushers have relatively small screen openings on the grate. During crushing, these smaller openings can accumulate coal as it falls rapidly, causing blockages. This results in qualified coal powder remaining in the crusher for secondary crushing, leading to over-screening and severely impacting coal crushing efficiency.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects, the creator of this utility model has finally obtained this utility model after a long period of research and practice. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical deficiencies, the present invention provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device, comprising a crushing chamber, a main shaft disposed within the crushing chamber, a crushing hammer assembly disposed on the main shaft, and a plurality of grate bars disposed below the crushing hammer assembly. The two ends of each grate bar are fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the crushing chamber, and each grate bar is arranged in an arc shape around the axis of the main shaft to form a crushing cavity between the grate bar and the main shaft. A feeding trough is formed between adjacent grate bars. Each grate bar forms an arc-shaped screening surface within the crushing cavity, with multiple feeding troughs disposed thereon. The cross-section of each grate bar corresponding to the feeding trough is configured as an isosceles trapezoidal structure, such that the cross-sectional dimension of the feeding trough gradually increases radially outward.

[0006] Preferably, the grate bar is a straight-extending rod, comprising a connecting section, a feeding section, and a reinforcing section. The feeding section has an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section, while the connecting section and the reinforcing section both have rectangular cross-sections. The reinforcing section is located in the middle of the grate bar, and the two feeding sections are respectively located on both sides of the reinforcing section. The two connecting sections are respectively located at both ends of the grate bar. The grate bar is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber through the two connecting sections. The connecting section and the reinforcing section have the same cross-sectional width, and the cross-sectional width of the connecting section is greater than the maximum cross-sectional width of the feeding section. The cross-sectional length of the connecting section is less than the cross-sectional length of the reinforcing section, and the cross-sectional length of the connecting section gradually increases from the connecting section to the reinforcing section.

[0007] Preferably, the crushing chamber is provided with a feed inlet, which is located directly above the main shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the breaker assembly includes a hammer head, a hammer disc, and a hammer shaft. The center of the hammer disc is fixedly connected to the main shaft. A plurality of hammer shafts are evenly distributed in a ring around the main shaft, and the two ends of the hammer shafts are respectively fixedly mounted on two adjacent hammer discs. The hammer head is rotatably connected to the hammer shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the hammer shaft, the main shaft, and the grate bars are all arranged in parallel, and multiple hammer heads are provided on the same hammer shaft, with each hammer head on the hammer shaft corresponding to the other hammer head on the same vertical plane.

[0010] Preferably, the hammer head includes a crushing block and a connecting column. The crushing block is fixedly disposed at the end of the connecting column, and a connecting hole is provided on the connecting column. The hammer shaft is disposed in the connecting hole, thereby realizing the rotational connection between the hammer head and the hammer shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the surface of the crushed block away from the connecting column is the crushing surface, and the crushing surface is set as an outwardly convex arc surface, the arc radius of the crushing surface being smaller than the arc radius of the arc sieve surface.

[0012] Preferably, a limit rod is provided between adjacent hammer shafts, and the two ends of the limit rod are respectively fixedly disposed on the two adjacent hammer discs.

[0013] Preferably, a rubber washer is sleeved on the outside of the limiting rod, the rubber washer is disposed corresponding to the hammer head, and the limiting rod is in contact with the hammer head through the rubber washer.

[0014] Preferably, both the grate bar and the hammerhead are made of CrMn alloy.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model forms a radially outward trumpet-shaped feeding trough by controlling the size and structure of the grate bars. This facilitates the small diameter opening of the feeding trough to ensure the screening size of the crushed material. The gradually increasing trough width structure can quickly realize the feeding of materials, effectively prevent blockage, avoid over-screening, and improve coal crushing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural view of the highly efficient and energy-saving coal crushing device.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of the structure of the grate bar;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of the grate bar;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the material feeding section;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a structural view of the hammerhead.

[0021] The numbers in the image represent:

[0022] 1- Crushing box; 2- Main shaft; 3- Grate bar; 4- Feed chute; 5- Hammer head; 6- Hammer disc; 7- Hammer shaft; 8- Limiting rod; 9- Rubber gasket; 11- Feed inlet; 31- Connecting section; 32- Feeding section; 33- Reinforcing section; 34- Arc-shaped sieve surface; 51- Crushing surface; 52- Crushed block; 53- Connecting column; 54- Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The above-mentioned and other technical features and advantages of this utility model will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a structural view of the highly efficient and energy-saving coal crushing device.

[0025] The high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device of this utility model includes a crushing box 1, a main shaft 2 is arranged inside the crushing box 1, a crushing hammer assembly is arranged on the main shaft 2, the main shaft 2 is connected to a power mechanism to drive the main shaft 2 to rotate, and a plurality of grate bars 3 are arranged below the crushing hammer assembly. The two ends of the grate bars 3 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the crushing box 1, and each grate bar 3 is arranged in an arc shape with the axis of the main shaft 2 as the center to form a crushing cavity between the grate bar 3 and the main shaft 2. A feeding trough 4 is formed between adjacent grate bars 3. Each grate bar 3 forms an arc screening surface 34 with multiple feeding troughs 4 in the crushing cavity. The cross-section of the grate bar 3 corresponding to the feeding trough 4 is set as an isosceles trapezoidal structure, so that the cross-sectional size of the feeding trough 4 gradually increases in the radial direction outward, thereby improving the flow of materials. When the material is crushed and discharged from the inside out, the flow area gradually increases, making the flow of materials smoother.

[0026] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, Figure 2 This is a front view of the structure of the grate bar; Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of the grate bar; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the material feeding section.

[0027] Specifically, the grate bar 3 is a straight-extending rod, comprising a connecting section 31, a feeding section 32, and a reinforcing section 33. The feeding section 32 has an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section, while the connecting section 31 and the reinforcing section 33 both have rectangular cross-sections. The reinforcing section 33 is located in the middle of the grate bar 3, and the two feeding sections 32 are respectively located on both sides of the reinforcing section 33. The two connecting sections 31 are respectively located at both ends of the grate bar 3. The grate bar 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber 1 through the two connecting sections 31. The cross-sectional width A of the connecting section 31 and the reinforcing section 33 is the same, and the cross-sectional width A of the connecting section 31 is greater than the maximum cross-sectional width a of the feeding section 32, thereby facilitating the formation of the feeding trough 4 in the feeding section 32. The cross-sectional length b of the connecting section 31 is less than the cross-sectional length B of the reinforcing section 33, and the cross-sectional length of the connecting section 31 gradually increases from the connecting section 31 to the reinforcing section 33.

[0028] By structurally designing the grate bars 3, the structural strength of the central region of the grate bars 3 is enhanced, preventing breakage in the easily fractured central area of ​​the grate bars 3 and increasing the service life of this utility model. At the same time, in terms of width, the dimensions of the connecting section 31 and the reinforcing section 33 are larger than the material feeding section 32 to form an inner groove structure in a single grate bar 3, thereby forming the material feeding trough 4 between adjacent grate bars 3 through the two inner groove structures, which facilitates the size control and installation of the material feeding trough 4.

[0029] Preferably, the crushing box 1 is provided with a feed inlet 11, which is located directly above the main shaft 2. Compared with the inclined feeding of the existing hammer crusher parallel to the hammer shaft direction, the present invention adopts the vertical hammer shaft feeding, which makes the feeding of the crushing device more uniform and improves the mechanical efficiency.

[0030] This utility model, through the size and structure of the grate bar 3, forms a radially outward trumpet-shaped feeding trough 4. The small diameter opening of the feeding trough 4 ensures the screening size of the crushed material, and the gradually increasing trough width structure can quickly realize the feeding of material, effectively prevent blockage, avoid over-screening, and improve coal crushing efficiency. Example 2

[0031] The breaker assembly includes a hammer head 5, a hammer disc 6, and hammer shafts 7. The center of the hammer disc 6 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 2. Several hammer shafts 7 are evenly distributed in a ring around the main shaft 2, and the two ends of each hammer shaft 7 are fixedly mounted on two adjacent hammer discs 6. The hammer head 5 is rotatably connected to the hammer shaft 7. The main shaft 2 drives the hammer disc 6 to rotate freely around its own axis, thereby driving the hammer head 5 to rotate around the main shaft 2. This causes the crushing surface 51 of the hammer head 5 to move relative to the arc-shaped screening surface 34 formed by the grate bars 3, thereby crushing the material between the crushing surface 51 and the arc-shaped screening surface 34.

[0032] The hammer shaft 7, the main shaft 2, and the grate bar 3 are all arranged in parallel, and multiple hammer heads 5 are provided on the same hammer shaft 7. The hammer heads 5 on each hammer shaft 7 are arranged one-to-one on the same vertical plane, thereby ensuring the impact crushing effect.

[0033] Preferably, the grate bar 3 and the hammer head 5 are made of CrMn alloy, and tungsten cobalt titanium alloy is added to the hammer head 5 to increase the wear resistance of the hammer head 5, thereby improving the service life of this utility model.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a structural view of the hammer head; specifically, the hammer head 5 includes a crushing block 52 and a connecting column 53. The crushing block 52 is fixedly disposed at the end of the connecting column 53. The connecting column 53 is provided with a connecting hole 54, and the hammer shaft 7 is disposed in the connecting hole 54, thereby realizing the rotational connection between the hammer head 5 and the hammer shaft 7.

[0035] The surface of the crushed block 52 away from the connecting column 53 is the crushing surface 51. The crushing surface 51 is a convex arc surface. The radius of the arc of the crushing surface 51 is slightly smaller than the radius of the arc of the arc screening surface 34. Compared with the flat crushing surface, the arc surface can change the original linear crushing zone between the crushing surface 51 and the arc screening surface 34 into a surface crushing zone, thereby increasing the impact crushing contact area of ​​the material, increasing crushing efficiency, and reducing equipment wear.

[0036] Generally, when the hammer head 5 is arranged radially, such as in a centrifugal rotation state, the arc center of the crushing surface 51 is set as the axis of the main shaft 2, ensuring the rotation range of the hammer head 5 when rotating with the main shaft 2, and avoiding interference and collision with the grate bar 3.

[0037] The cross-sectional area of ​​the connection between the connecting column 53 and the crushing block 52 gradually increases from the connecting column 53 to the crushing block 52, and an inward chamfer structure is provided at the connecting hole 54 to disperse the stress during the crushing process and prevent these two weak points from breaking. Example 3

[0038] Limiting rods 8 are provided between adjacent hammer shafts 7. The two ends of the limiting rods 8 are respectively fixed on the two adjacent hammer discs 6. The limiting rods 8 are used to limit the rotation angle of the hammer head 5 around the hammer shaft 7, so as to avoid the hammer head 5 colliding with the adjacent hammer head 5 or the main shaft 2 under its own weight in the non-centrifugal state, which would cause damage to the crushing surface 51 or the main shaft 2.

[0039] Preferably, a rubber washer 9 is sleeved on the outside of the limiting rod 8, and the rubber washer 9 is set corresponding to the hammer head 5. The limiting rod 8 is set to contact the hammer head 5 through the rubber washer 9, so as to avoid hard collision between the limiting rod 8 and the hammer head 5 and improve the service life of the limiting rod 8 and the hammer head 5.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art will understand that many changes, modifications, and even equivalents can be made within the spirit and scope defined by the claims of the present utility model, all of which will fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency energy-saving coal crushing device, characterized in that, The device includes a crushing chamber, a main shaft inside the crushing chamber, a breaker hammer assembly on the main shaft, and several grate bars below the breaker hammer assembly. The two ends of the grate bars are fixed to the inner wall of the crushing chamber, and each grate bar is arranged in an arc shape with the axis of the main shaft as the center to form a crushing cavity between the grate bars and the main shaft. A feeding trough is formed between adjacent grate bars. Each grate bar forms an arc-shaped screening surface in the crushing cavity with multiple feeding troughs. The cross-section of each grate bar corresponding to the feeding trough is set as an isosceles trapezoidal structure, so that the cross-sectional dimension of the feeding trough gradually increases in the radial outward direction.

2. The energy efficient coal crushing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The grate bar is a straight-extending rod, comprising a connecting section, a feeding section, and a reinforcing section. The feeding section has an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section, while the connecting section and the reinforcing section both have rectangular cross-sections. The reinforcing section is located in the middle of the grate bar, with two feeding sections on either side of the reinforcing section. Two connecting sections are located at both ends of the grate bar. The grate bar is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing chamber via the two connecting sections. The connecting section and the reinforcing section have the same cross-sectional width, with the connecting section having a wider cross-sectional width than the feeding section. The connecting section has a shorter cross-sectional length than the reinforcing section, and the cross-sectional length of the connecting section gradually increases from the connecting section to the reinforcing section.

3. The energy efficient coal crushing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein, The crushing chamber is provided with a feed inlet, which is located directly above the main shaft.

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The breaker assembly includes a hammer head, a hammer disc, and a hammer shaft. The center of the hammer disc is fixedly connected to the main shaft. Several hammer shafts are evenly distributed in a ring around the main shaft, and the two ends of each hammer shaft are fixedly mounted on two adjacent hammer discs. The hammer head is rotatably connected to the hammer shaft.

5. The high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The hammer shaft, the main shaft, and the grate bar are all arranged in parallel, and multiple hammer heads are provided on the same hammer shaft. The hammer heads on each hammer shaft are arranged one-to-one on the same vertical plane.

6. The high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The hammer head includes a crushing block and a connecting column. The crushing block is fixedly disposed at the end of the connecting column, and a connecting hole is provided on the connecting column. The hammer shaft is disposed in the connecting hole, thereby realizing the rotational connection between the hammer head and the hammer shaft.

7. The high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The surface of the crushed block away from the connecting column is the crushing surface, which is set as an outwardly convex arc surface, and the arc radius of the crushing surface is smaller than the arc radius of the arc sieve surface.

8. The high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Limiting rods are provided between adjacent hammer shafts, and the two ends of the limiting rods are respectively fixed on the two adjacent hammer discs.

9. The high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A rubber washer is fitted around the limiting rod, and the rubber washer is positioned corresponding to the hammer head. The limiting rod is in contact with the hammer head through the rubber washer.

10. The high-efficiency and energy-saving coal crushing device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Both the grate bar and the hammerhead are made of CrMn alloy.

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