A feeding structure for screw extrusion
By designing a feeding structure with porous dispersion and vibration components in the screw extrusion process, the problem of easy clogging of the feeding structure is solved, achieving continuous discharge and product consistency, and adapting to particle size variations of different materials.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QINGDAO HUITIANLONG ENG PLASTICS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
In existing screw extrusion processes, the feeding structure is easily affected by the bulk density of materials, leading to uneven feeding. Furthermore, fiber-reinforced materials and high-viscosity powders are prone to bridging and clogging problems, affecting extrusion efficiency and product consistency.
A feeding structure including a storage bin, a flow regulation component, and a vibration component was designed. The structure prevents bridging and blockage by dispersing the material flow through porous structures and breaking electrostatic/frictional forces through vibration. The discharge rate is precisely controlled by the flow regulation component.
It achieves continuous discharge, avoids single-point blockage, improves product consistency and extrusion efficiency, and is adaptable to materials with uneven particle size.
Smart Images
Figure CN224276111U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of screw extrusion equipment, and specifically to a feeding structure for screw extrusion. Background Technology
[0002] In screw extrusion processes, the stability of the feeding structure directly affects the quality of the extruded product. In existing technologies, gravity feeding is susceptible to uneven feeding due to material bulk density, volumetric feeding is sensitive to changes in material moisture and particle size, while loss-in-weight feeding is more expensive. Especially for special materials such as fiber-reinforced materials and high-viscosity powders, traditional feeding structures often experience problems such as bridging, clogging, or fluctuations in feed rate, affecting extrusion efficiency and product consistency. Utility Model Content
[0003] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a feeding structure for screw extrusion, which aims to solve the technical problem that the discharge port of the screw extrusion feeding structure is prone to bridging and blockage in the prior art.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a feeding structure for screw extrusion, comprising a storage bin, wherein the top wall of the storage bin has an inlet connected to the interior of the storage bin, and the bottom wall of the storage bin has multiple first discharge holes connected to the interior of the storage bin; a flow regulating component for adjusting the discharge volume of the first discharge holes is provided below the storage bin, and a vibration component for preventing material bridges from clogging the first discharge holes by vibration is also provided at the bottom of the storage bin.
[0005] Preferably, the flow regulating component includes a circular blocking plate arranged parallel to the bottom of the storage hopper, the axis of the blocking plate is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the discharge hopper, and the blocking plate and the bottom wall of the storage hopper are in clearance fit.
[0006] Multiple first discharge holes are arranged in a row around the bottom wall of the storage bin, and multiple second discharge holes with the same number, diameter, and position as the multiple first discharge holes are distributed on the blocking plate.
[0007] The distance between any two adjacent first discharge holes is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the first discharge hole;
[0008] The flow regulating component also includes a rotating component for rotating the blockage plate and the rotating shaft around the axis.
[0009] Preferably, the end of the rotating shaft away from the storage hopper has a recessed receiving hole, the vibration assembly includes a vibration motor located in the receiving hole, the vibration motor is connected to the inner wall of the receiving hole through a vibration guide bracket, and the end of the rotating shaft away from the storage hopper can also be detachably provided with a cover plate for sealing the receiving hole.
[0010] Preferably, a first support ring is fitted on the lower outer wall of the storage bin, the first support ring fitting the blocking plate inside, a support ring plate is horizontally arranged around the inner wall of the end of the first support ring away from the storage bin, the support ring plate is located on the side of the blocking plate away from the storage bin, and a second support ring is vertically arranged on the side of the support ring plate near the blocking plate to support the outer edge of the blocking plate, the second support ring not intersecting with the second discharge hole.
[0011] Preferably, the second support ring has multiple ball bearings embedded on the side that contacts the blocking plate, and each ball bearing is independently spring-pre-tightened to ensure uniform contact pressure with the blocking plate.
[0012] Preferably, a through groove is formed transversely through the outer wall of the first support ring, and the rotating component includes a lever plate transversely disposed on the side of the blocking plate. The side of the lever plate opposite to the blocking plate extends from the through groove to the outside of the first support ring and is connected to the lever block.
[0013] Preferably, at least one vibrating plate is provided laterally on the inner wall of each first discharge hole on the side opposite to the blocking plate. The vibrating plate is made of beryllium bronze, and a tungsten alloy counterweight is added to the free end of the vibrating plate. The resonance frequency is tuned to be consistent with the vibration motor.
[0014] Preferably, the side of the support ring plate opposite to the first support ring is detachably connected to a connecting cylinder for connecting to the screw extrusion inlet. The connecting cylinder adopts a clamp-type quick-release structure, and an O-ring is provided on the end face of the connecting cylinder.
[0015] Preferably, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the storage silo via a bearing.
[0016] Preferably, the outer side of the through groove is provided with a scale, the toggle block is equipped with a locking screw, and the toggle block is provided with a servo motor connection interface to support electric remote control.
[0017] In the technical solution of this utility model, the anti-bridging and clogging mechanism is achieved by the vibration component acting directly on the bottom of the storage silo, which breaks the internal electrostatic force / friction force of the material, effectively solving the "bridging" problem caused by the adhesion of fiber-reinforced materials and high-viscosity powder, and ensuring continuous discharge.
[0018] Multi-hole dispersion risk: Multiple first discharge holes disperse the material flow, avoiding single-point blockage (a common failure of traditional single-hole feeding), especially suitable for materials with uneven particle size.
[0019] Precise and adjustable flow rate: The flow rate adjustment component directly controls the opening of the discharge port, avoiding uneven feeding caused by changes in bulk density in gravity feeding and improving product consistency. Through the cooperation of the above components, the problem of material bridging and clogging of the discharge port is solved. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the storage silo and the structure of the blocking plate of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration component structure of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 5 For the present utility model Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of area A in the diagram;
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the through-slot structure of this utility model.
[0027] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0028] 1. Storage bin; 1a. First discharge port; 2. Flow regulating component; 21. Blocking plate; 21a. Second discharge port; 22. Rotating shaft; 22a. Receiving hole; 23. Pulley; 24. Pulley block; 3. Vibration component; 31. Vibration motor; 32. Vibration guide bracket; 33. Cover plate; 34. Vibration sheet; 35. Bearing; 4. First support ring; 4a. Through groove; 5. Second support ring; 6. Support ring plate; 7. Connecting cylinder; 8. Ball bearing.
[0029] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0031] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.
[0032] Furthermore, in this utility model, the use of terms such as "first," "second," etc., is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0033] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixing" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0034] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0035] This utility model proposes a feeding structure for screw extrusion.
[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The screw extrusion feeding structure includes a storage bin 1. The top wall of the storage bin 1 has an inlet that communicates with the interior of the storage bin 1. The bottom wall of the storage bin 1 has multiple first discharge holes 1a that communicate with the interior of the storage bin 1. A flow regulating component 2 for adjusting the discharge amount of the first discharge holes 1a is provided below the storage bin 1. A vibration component 3 for preventing material bridges from clogging the first discharge holes 1a is also provided at the bottom of the storage bin 1.
[0037] In the technical solution of this utility model, the anti-bridging and clogging mechanism is achieved by the vibration component 3 acting directly on the bottom of the storage silo 1 to break the internal electrostatic force / friction force of the material, effectively solving the "bridging" problem caused by the adhesion of fiber-reinforced materials and high-viscosity powder, and ensuring continuous discharge.
[0038] Multi-hole dispersion risk: Multiple first discharge holes 1a disperse the material flow and avoid single-point blockage (a common failure of traditional single-hole feeding), especially suitable for materials with uneven particle size.
[0039] Precise and adjustable flow rate: Flow rate adjustment component 2 directly controls the opening of the discharge port, avoiding uneven feeding caused by changes in bulk density in gravity feeding and improving product consistency. Through the cooperation of these components, the problem of material bridging and clogging of the discharge port is solved.
[0040] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 and 3 The flow regulating component 2 includes a circular blocking plate 21 arranged parallel to the bottom of the storage bin 1. A rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected through the axis of the blocking plate 21. One end of the rotating shaft 22 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the discharge bin, and the blocking plate 21 and the bottom wall of the storage bin 1 are in clearance fit.
[0041] Multiple first discharge holes 1a are arranged in a row around the bottom wall of the storage bin 1, and multiple second discharge holes 21a with the same number, diameter and position as the multiple first discharge holes 1a are distributed on the blocking plate 21.
[0042] The distance between any two adjacent first discharge holes 1a is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the first discharge hole 1a;
[0043] The flow regulating component 2 also includes a rotating component for rotating the blockage plate 21 and the rotating shaft 22 around the axis.
[0044] By rotating the material blocking plate 21, the second discharge hole 21a is misaligned with the first discharge hole 1a, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the discharge hole diameter (non-on / off type) and accurately adapting to different material flow requirements.
[0045] The design of the first discharge hole 1a spacing being greater than or equal to the hole diameter allows the first discharge hole 1a to be blocked by rotating the blocking plate 21.
[0046] The circular blocking plate 21 is matched with the rotating shaft 22, resulting in low rotational resistance and a clearance fit to prevent material from getting stuck in the rotating parts (compared to the slider type adjustment which is prone to jamming).
[0047] The ability to adjust in real time can compensate for the impact of material moisture / particle size fluctuations on volumetric feeding.
[0048] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 4The rotating shaft 22 has a recessed receiving hole 22a at the end opposite to the storage hopper 1. The vibration assembly 3 includes a vibration motor 31 located within the receiving hole 22a. The vibration motor 31 is connected to the inner wall of the receiving hole 22a via a vibration guide bracket 32. The end of the rotating shaft 22 opposite to the storage hopper 1 is also detachably equipped with a cover plate 33 for sealing the receiving hole 22a. The vibration motor 31 is directly integrated into the rotating shaft 22. Vibration is transmitted through the rotating shaft 22 → the blocking plate 21 → the bottom of the storage hopper 1, resulting in low energy loss and focusing on the easily bridging first discharge hole 1a area.
[0049] The receiving hole 22a and cover plate 33 are designed to protect the motor from material contamination and prevent powder intrusion and damage.
[0050] The removable cover 33 facilitates quick maintenance or replacement of the motor, reducing downtime.
[0051] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 and 5 The lower outer wall of the storage bin 1 is fitted with a first support ring 4, which fits the blocking plate 21 inside. The inner wall of the first support ring 4 opposite to the storage bin 1 is horizontally surrounded by a support ring plate 6. The support ring plate 6 is located on the side of the blocking plate 21 opposite to the storage bin 1. The side of the support ring plate 6 near the blocking plate 21 is vertically provided with a second support ring 5 for supporting the outer edge of the blocking plate 21. The second support ring 5 does not intersect with the second discharge hole 21a.
[0052] The second support ring 5 supports the outer edge of the blocking plate 21 to prevent it from falling due to its own weight or material pressure, and ensures that the gap between the blocking plate 21 and the bottom wall of the storage bin 1 is stable (avoiding the gap from increasing, which could lead to material leakage or inaccurate adjustment).
[0053] The first support ring 4 and the support ring plate 6 form a stable frame to resist the stress generated by vibration and extend the service life of the equipment.
[0054] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 5 The second support ring 5 has multiple ball bearings 8 embedded on the side that contacts the blocking plate 21. Each ball bearing 8 is independently spring-preloaded to ensure uniform contact pressure with the blocking plate 21. The ball bearings 8 convert sliding friction into rolling friction, significantly reducing the rotational resistance of the blocking plate 21, and can be easily adjusted even when the material pressure is uneven.
[0055] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 2 and 6The outer wall of the first support ring 4 has a transverse through-groove 4a. The rotating component includes a lever 23 transversely disposed on the side of the blocking plate 21. The lever 23 extends from the through-groove 4a to the outside of the first support ring 4 and is connected to a lever 24 on the side opposite to the blocking plate 21. The lever 23 can be moved left and right to adjust the size of the discharge hole, or to open or close the discharge hole. The lever 24 is exposed on the first support ring 4, allowing for manual flow adjustment without disassembling the components, suitable for rapid on-site response. The displacement of the lever 23 in the through-groove 4a visually reflects changes in the opening, facilitating precise setting by the operator.
[0056] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 3 At least one vibrating plate 34 is laterally arranged on the inner wall of each first discharge hole 1a on the side opposite to the blockage plate 21. The vibrating plate 34 is made of beryllium bronze, and a tungsten alloy counterweight is added to the free end of the vibrating plate 34. The resonant frequency is tuned to match that of the vibrating motor 31. The vibrating plate 34 amplifies and focuses the vibration force on the inner wall of the discharge hole, directly impacting the retained material, especially targeting the adhesion phenomenon of highly viscous powders to the hole wall. Together with the vibrating motor 31, it forms a "whole + local" dual anti-clogging guarantee, improving the adaptability to ultrafine powders or ultralong fibers.
[0057] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 The support ring plate 6, on the side opposite to the first support ring 4, is detachably connected to a connecting cylinder 7 for connection to the screw extrusion inlet. The connecting cylinder 7 adopts a clamp-type quick-release structure, and an O-ring is provided on the end face of the connecting cylinder 7. By replacing the connecting cylinder 7 with different sizes, the feeding structure can be connected to the inlet of screw extruders of different sizes. This adapts to extruder inlets of different diameters, eliminating the need for a custom storage silo 1 and reducing production line changeover costs.
[0058] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 4 The rotating shaft 22 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the storage silo 1 via a bearing 35. The bearing 35 supports and reduces the radial runout of the rotating shaft 22, ensuring that the blocking plate 21 is parallel to the bottom wall of the storage silo 1, and avoiding local friction or material leakage. The bearing 35 withstands vibration loads and is more wear-resistant than a simple bushing structure, extending the life of the core component.
[0059] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 2 The outer side of the through groove 4a is provided with a scale, the lever 24 is equipped with a locking screw, and the lever 24 is provided with a servo motor connection interface to support electric remote control. The opening degree of the first discharge hole 1a can be directly observed through the scale, the lever 24 with the locking screw can prevent vibration displacement, and the connection to the servo motor can electrically control the opening degree of the first discharge hole.
[0060] The specific operation method of this utility model is as follows: the material enters the storage bin 1 from the feed port; the vibration motor 31 (frequency 80Hz) is started to break the material bridge; the rotating block 24 drives the blocking plate 21 to make the second discharge hole 21a misaligned with the first discharge hole 1a by 50%, and the flow rate is controlled to be 50% of full opening; the material enters the extruder through the connecting cylinder 7.
[0061] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the concept of this utility model and the contents of the specification and drawings of this utility model, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A feeding structure for screw extrusion, characterized by, The storage bin includes a material storage bin with an inlet on the top wall that is connected to the inside of the bin and a plurality of first discharge holes on the bottom wall that are connected to the inside of the bin. A flow regulating component for adjusting the discharge volume of the first discharge holes is provided below the storage bin, and a vibration component for preventing material bridges from clogging the first discharge holes is also provided at the bottom of the storage bin.
2. The feeding structure for screw extrusion according to claim 1, wherein The flow regulation component includes a circular blocking plate arranged parallel to the bottom of the storage hopper. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected through the axis of the blocking plate. One end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the discharge hopper, and the blocking plate and the bottom wall of the storage hopper are in clearance fit. Multiple first discharge holes are arranged in a row around the bottom wall of the storage bin, and multiple second discharge holes with the same number, diameter, and position as the multiple first discharge holes are distributed on the blocking plate. The distance between any two adjacent first discharge holes is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the first discharge hole; The flow regulating component also includes a rotating component for rotating the blockage plate and the rotating shaft around the axis.
3. The feeding structure for screw extrusion according to claim 2, wherein The end of the rotating shaft away from the storage bin has a recessed receiving hole. The vibration assembly includes a vibration motor located in the receiving hole. The vibration motor is connected to the inner wall of the receiving hole through a vibration guide bracket. The end of the rotating shaft away from the storage bin can also be detachably provided with a cover plate for sealing the receiving hole.
4. The feeding structure for screw extrusion according to claim 2, wherein The lower outer wall of the storage bin is fitted with a first support ring, which covers the blocking plate. The inner wall of the first support ring opposite to the storage bin is horizontally surrounded by a support ring plate, which is located on the side of the blocking plate opposite to the storage bin. The support ring plate is vertically provided on the side of the support ring plate near the blocking plate to support the outer edge of the blocking plate. The second support ring does not intersect with the second discharge hole.
5. The feeding structure for screw extrusion according to claim 4, wherein The second support ring has multiple ball bearings embedded on the side that contacts the blocking plate. Each ball bearing is independently spring-pre-tightened to ensure uniform contact pressure with the blocking plate.
6. The feeding structure for screw extrusion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer wall of the first support ring has a through groove formed laterally. The rotating component includes a lever plate arranged laterally on the side of the blocking plate. The side of the lever plate facing away from the blocking plate extends from the through groove to the outside of the first support ring and is connected to the lever block.
7. The feeding structure for screw extrusion according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one vibrating plate is provided laterally on the inner wall of each first discharge hole on the side opposite to the blocking plate. The vibrating plate is made of beryllium bronze, and a tungsten alloy counterweight is added to the free end of the vibrating plate. The resonant frequency is tuned to match that of the vibrating motor.
8. The feeding structure for screw extrusion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support ring plate is detachably connected to a connecting cylinder for connecting to the screw extrusion inlet on the side opposite to the first support ring. The connecting cylinder adopts a clamp-type quick-release structure, and an O-ring is provided on the end face of the connecting cylinder.
9. The feeding structure for screw extrusion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the storage silo via bearings.
10. The feeding structure for screw extrusion according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer side of the through groove is equipped with a scale, the toggle block is equipped with a locking screw, and the toggle block is reserved with a servo motor connection interface to support electric remote control.