High-efficiency feeding device for biomass boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses an efficient feeding device for a biomass boiler, which comprises a feeding hopper, a spiral feeding mechanism and a blanking mechanism. The number of the spiral feeding mechanisms is two, and they are arranged side by side under the feeding hopper. The blanking mechanism is located under the spiral feeding mechanism. The spiral feeding mechanism comprises a feeding box, in which a auger is arranged. The upper part of the feeding box is provided with a feeding port and the lower part is provided with a discharging port, and the feeding port and the discharging port are respectively located at both ends of the auger. The feeding hopper is communicated with the discharging ports of the two spiral feeding mechanisms, and the blanking mechanism is communicated with the discharging ports of the two spiral feeding mechanisms. By arranging two spiral feeding mechanisms arranged side by side, during normal feeding, the two spiral feeding mechanisms can work independently, so as to realize efficient and safe feeding operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to biomass boilers, and more specifically, to a high-efficiency feeding device for biomass boilers. Background Technology

[0002] Boilers that use biomass energy as fuel are called biomass boilers. To facilitate feeding, most biomass boilers use a screw feeder mechanism. Most existing screw feeders are single-cavity single-screw or single-cavity twin-screw structures. This structure has shortcomings. Blockages during the feeding process mostly occur at the inlet and outlet of the screw feeder mechanism. If the feeding mechanism is blocked or the feeding is not smooth during the feeding process, it will be impossible to feed the boiler or the feeding efficiency will be greatly reduced, making it impossible to achieve an efficient and safe feeding mode. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve this. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-efficiency feeding device for biomass boilers. By setting two parallel spiral feeding mechanisms, both spiral feeding mechanisms can work independently during normal feeding, thereby achieving efficient and safe feeding operation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high-efficiency feeding device for a biomass boiler, comprising a feeding hopper, a screw feeding mechanism, and a discharging mechanism. Two screw feeding mechanisms are arranged side-by-side below the feeding hopper. The discharging mechanism is located below the screw feeding mechanisms. Each screw feeding mechanism includes a feeding box containing an auger. The feeding box has an inlet at the top and an outlet at the bottom, with the inlet and outlet located at opposite ends of the auger. The feeding hopper is connected to the outlets of the two screw feeding mechanisms, and the discharging mechanism is connected to the outlets of the two screw feeding mechanisms.

[0005] Furthermore, the feeding hopper includes a feeding channel, the lower part of which is provided with a connection port corresponding to the feeding port of the two screw feeding mechanisms. The lower part of the two connection ports respectively abuts against the upper part of the two screw feeding mechanisms. The opposite side of the two connection ports is an inclined material distribution surface, and the upper ends of the two material distribution surfaces are connected to form a conical structure.

[0006] Furthermore, two crushing rollers are provided in the feeding channel, and the crushing rollers are located above the material distribution surface.

[0007] Furthermore, a material distribution plate is provided between the crushing roller and the material distribution surface. The material distribution plate includes a first plate surface and a second plate surface that are connected to each other. One end of the first plate surface and the second plate surface are respectively located above the two material distribution surfaces. The included angle between the first plate surface and the second plate surface is an obtuse angle. The center positions between the two crushing rollers, the center position of the material distribution plate, and the center positions of the two material distribution surfaces are distributed in the same straight line.

[0008] Furthermore, the material distribution plate reciprocates via a drive mechanism located outside the feed hopper. The drive mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a cam, and a driver. The cam and the rotating shaft are fixedly connected. The center of the material distribution plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The cam surface is provided with a convex shaft. The end of the telescopic rod of the driver is hinged to the convex shaft. The driver can drive the cam to reciprocate, so that the material distribution plate can reciprocate along the rotating shaft and cause the first plate surface to abut against the material distribution surface or the second plate surface to abut against the material distribution surface.

[0009] Furthermore, a support plate is fixed at the screw feeding mechanism located below the drive mechanism, and the driver is hinged to the support plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism includes a chute, with a feeding hopper at the upper end and a feeding pipe at the lower end. The chute is inclined downward from the feeding hopper towards the feeding pipe. The upper part of the feeding hopper abuts against the lower part of two screw feeding mechanisms, and the discharge ports of the two screw feeding mechanisms are both located inside the feeding hopper.

[0011] Furthermore, the chute and the discharge pipe are connected through a flame-retardant chamber, which is equipped with a rotatable wheel. The wheel includes two material troughs, which are separated by a partition. The chute and the discharge pipe are also separated by the partition. Rotating the wheel causes the material troughs to rotate from the lower end of the chute to the upper end of the discharge pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the partition is filled with fireproof cotton, which is quartz wool.

[0013] Furthermore, the outside of the chute is provided with an air inlet pipe arranged along its length, and the side of the air inlet pipe is provided with multiple air outlets, the air outlet ends of which are located inside the chute.

[0014] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] During normal operation, biomass fuel enters from the feed hopper, passes through the feed channel, and then enters two connection ports via the distribution surface. From these two connection ports, the fuel falls into two screw feeders. The two screw feeders operate, using their respective screws to transport the biomass fuel to the discharge port. The biomass fuel falls from the discharge port into the discharge hopper, and then enters the boiler through the chute and discharge pipe, achieving efficient feeding from an independent dual-chamber dual-screw system. When one screw feeder is blocked, the other screw feeder can still feed independently, effectively avoiding the problem of the boiler being unable to feed, making it safer and more efficient. Furthermore, while feeding, the single screw feeder can also be used to repair the blocked screw feeder. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this embodiment;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the feed hopper in this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the screw feeder mechanism;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a partial sectional view of the feeding mechanism.

[0021] Reference numerals: 1. Feed hopper; 11. Feed channel; 12. Connection port; 13. Distribution surface; 2. Screw feeder; 21. Feed box; 22. Screw; 23. Feed inlet; 24. Discharge outlet; 3. Chute; 31. Feed hopper; 32. Flame retardant bin; 4. Feed pipe; 5. Crushing roller; 6. Distribution plate; 61. First plate surface; 62. Second plate surface; 7. Drive mechanism; 71. Cam; 72. Driver; 73. Cam shaft; 74. Rotating shaft; 8. Rotary wheel; 81. Feed trough; 82. Divider; 83. Fireproof cotton; 9. Air inlet pipe; 91. Air outlet; 100. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, this embodiment discloses a high-efficiency feeding device for a biomass boiler, including a feeding hopper 1, a screw feeding mechanism 2, and a discharging mechanism. Two screw feeding mechanisms 2 are arranged side-by-side below the feeding hopper 1, and the discharging mechanism is located below the screw feeding mechanisms 2. Each screw feeding mechanism 2 includes a feeding box 21, and an auger 22 is installed inside the feeding box 21. A motor drives the auger 22 to rotate, thereby realizing the screw feeding of biomass fuel. The connection method between the motor and the auger 22 is existing technology, and its specific structure will not be described in detail in this specification. The feeding box 21 has an inlet 23 at the top and an outlet 24 at the bottom, located at both ends of the auger 22. The feeding hopper 1 is connected to the outlets 24 of the two screw feeding mechanisms 2, and the discharging mechanism is connected to the outlets 24 of the two screw feeding mechanisms 2.

[0024] Specifically, the feeding hopper 1 includes a feeding channel 11, the lower part of which is provided with a connection port 12 corresponding to the feeding ports 23 of the two screw feeding mechanisms 2. The lower parts of the two connection ports 12 respectively abut against the upper parts of the two screw feeding mechanisms 2. The opposite side of the two connection ports 12 is an inclined material distribution surface 13. The upper ends of the two material distribution surfaces 13 are connected to form a conical structure. The discharging mechanism includes a chute 3, the upper end of which is provided with a discharging hopper 31, and the lower end of which is provided with a discharging pipe 4. The chute 3 is inclined downward from the discharging hopper 31 towards the discharging pipe 4. The upper part of the discharging hopper 31 abuts against the lower parts of the two screw feeding mechanisms 2. The discharge ports 24 of the two screw feeding mechanisms 2 are both located inside the discharging hopper 31.

[0025] During normal operation, biomass fuel enters from the feed hopper 1, passes through the feed channel 11, and then enters the two connecting ports 12 via the distribution surface 13. From the two connecting ports 12, the fuel falls into the two screw feeders 2. The two screw feeders 2 operate, using their respective screw conveyors 22 to transport the biomass fuel to the discharge port 24. The biomass fuel falls from the discharge port 24 into the discharge hopper 31, and then enters the boiler through the chute 3 and the discharge pipe 4, achieving efficient feeding from independent dual chambers and dual screw conveyors. When one screw feeder 2 is blocked, the other screw feeder 2 can still feed independently, effectively avoiding the problem of the boiler being unable to feed, making it safer and more efficient. Furthermore, while feeding, the single screw feeder 2 can also be used to repair the blocked screw feeder 2.

[0026] like Figure 3As shown, two crushing rollers 5 are provided in the feeding channel 11. The crushing rollers 5 are located above the material distribution surface 13 and can rotate towards the center of the feeding channel 11. The crushing rollers 5 are rotated by a motor (not shown in the figure). The crushing rollers 5 and the mechanism that drives the crushing rollers 5 to rotate are existing technologies and will not be described in detail in this specification. Since there are many types of biomass fuels and the size of biomass fuels varies after pretreatment, the biomass fuels are crushed again by the crushing rollers 5 after being added to the feeding hopper 1 to make the fuel particles smaller, thereby effectively reducing the probability of fuel blockage.

[0027] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a distribution plate 6 is provided between the crushing roller 5 and the distribution surface 13. The distribution plate 6 includes a first plate surface 61 and a second plate surface 62 connected to each other. One end of the first plate surface 61 and the second plate surface 62 are respectively located above the two distribution surfaces 13. The included angle between the first plate surface 61 and the second plate surface 62 is an obtuse angle. The center positions of the two crushing rollers 5, the center position of the distribution plate 6, and the center positions of the two distribution surfaces 13 are all distributed in a straight line. Specifically, the distribution plate 6 is reciprocated by a drive mechanism 7. The drive mechanism 7 is located outside the feed hopper 1 and includes a rotating shaft 74 and a cam 71. The actuator 72 is an electric lead screw linear telescoping device. The cam 71 and the rotating shaft 74 are fixedly connected. The center of the material distribution plate 6 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 74. The surface of the cam 71 is provided with a convex shaft 73. The end of the telescoping rod of the actuator 72 is hinged to the convex shaft 73. The actuator 72 can drive the cam 71 to reciprocate so that the material distribution plate 6 can swing back and forth along the rotating shaft 74 and make the first plate surface 61 abut against the material distribution surface 13 or the second plate surface 62 abut against the material distribution surface 13. A support plate 100 is fixed at the screw feeding mechanism 2 located below the drive mechanism 7. The actuator 72 is hinged to the support plate 100.

[0028] Figure 3In normal operation, the feed plate 6 is in the following state: fuel is crushed by the crushing roller 5 and falls between the two crushing rollers 5. Part of the fuel falls along the first plate surface 61 to the left connection port 12, and the other part falls along the second plate surface 62 to the right connection port 12. The fuel then enters the corresponding screw feeder 2 through the two connection ports 12. When one screw feeder 2 is blocked (e.g., the right screw feeder 2 is blocked), the driver 72 works, driving the cam 71 to move and the rotating shaft 74 to drive the feed plate 6 to swing counterclockwise. This causes the first plate surface 61 to abut against the surface of the left feed plate surface 13, and the second plate surface 62 to approach the right crushing roller 5. The second plate surface 62 is tilted downward from right to left. At this time, the fuel falling from the crushing roller 5 can fall along the second plate surface 62 into the left connection port 12. The screw feeder 2 blocked on the right stops feeding, thus ensuring a continuous fuel supply to the boiler while allowing sufficient time for maintenance and unblocking of the right screw feeder 2.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the chute 3 and the feed pipe 4 are connected by a flame-retardant chamber 32. The flame-retardant chamber 32 contains a rotatable wheel 8. The wheel 8 includes two material troughs 81, which are separated by a partition 82. The partition 82 is filled with fire-retardant cotton 83, which is quartz wool. The chute 3 and the feed pipe 4 are separated by the partition 82. Rotating the wheel 8 causes the material troughs 81 to rotate from the lower end of the chute 3 to the upper end of the feed pipe 4. The wheel 8 is driven to rotate by a motor. The mechanism is existing technology, and its specific structure will not be described in detail in this specification. When the feed trough 81 of the rotor 8 rotates to the lower end of the chute 3, the fuel in the chute 3 falls into the feed trough 81. When the feed trough 81 rotates to the upper part of the feed pipe 4, the fuel in the feed trough 81 falls into the feed pipe 4. Since the feed pipe 4 is connected to the boiler, its temperature is relatively high. By rotating the rotor 8, not only can continuous feeding be achieved, but the feed pipe 4 and the chute 3 can also be isolated to prevent the furnace flame from backflowing and igniting the fuel in the chute 3, thereby improving safety.

[0030] The chute 3 is provided with an air inlet pipe 9 along its length. The side of the air inlet pipe 9 is provided with multiple air outlets 91. The air outlets 91 are located inside the chute 3. The air inlet pipe 9 is connected to an external air source. The air outlets 91 can provide high-speed airflow to the inside of the chute 3, thereby facilitating the feeding of the chute 3 and preventing the chute 3 from becoming blocked.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass boiler high-efficiency feeding device, characterized in that, The device includes a feeding hopper (1), a screw feeding mechanism (2), and a discharging mechanism. There are two screw feeding mechanisms (2) arranged side by side below the feeding hopper (1). The discharging mechanism is located below the screw feeding mechanism (2). The screw feeding mechanism (2) includes a feeding box (21). The feeding box (21) is equipped with an auger (22). The feeding box (21) has an inlet (23) at the top and an outlet (24) at the bottom. The inlet (23) and outlet (24) are located at both ends of the auger (22). The feeding hopper (1) is connected to the outlets (24) of the two screw feeding mechanisms (2). The discharging mechanism is connected to the outlets (24) of the two screw feeding mechanisms (2).

2. The biomass boiler high-efficiency feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding hopper (1) includes a feeding channel (11). The lower part of the feeding channel (11) is provided with a connection port (12) corresponding to the feeding port (23) of the two screw feeding mechanisms (2). The lower part of the two connection ports (12) respectively abuts against the upper part of the two screw feeding mechanisms (2). The opposite side of the two connection ports (12) is an inclined material distribution surface (13). The upper ends of the two material distribution surfaces (13) are connected to form a conical structure.

3. The high-efficiency feeding device for a biomass boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two crushing rollers (5) are provided in the feeding channel (11), and the crushing rollers (5) are located above the material distribution surface (13).

4. The high-efficiency feeding device for a biomass boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, A material distribution plate (6) is provided between the crushing roller (5) and the material distribution surface (13). The material distribution plate (6) includes a first plate surface (61) and a second plate surface (62) connected to each other. One end of the first plate surface (61) and the second plate surface (62) are respectively located above the two material distribution surfaces (13). The included angle between the first plate surface (61) and the second plate surface (62) is an obtuse angle. The center positions between the two crushing rollers (5), the center positions of the material distribution plate (6) and the center positions of the two material distribution surfaces (13) are distributed in the same straight line.

5. The high-efficiency feeding device for a biomass boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material distribution plate (6) is reciprocated by a drive mechanism (7). The drive mechanism (7) is located outside the feed hopper (1). The drive mechanism (7) includes a rotating shaft (74), a cam (71), and a driver (72). The cam (71) and the rotating shaft (74) are fixedly connected. The center position of the material distribution plate (6) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (74). The surface of the cam (71) is provided with a convex shaft (73). The end of the telescopic rod of the driver (72) is hinged to the convex shaft (73). The driver (72) can drive the cam (71) to reciprocate so that the material distribution plate (6) can reciprocate along the rotating shaft (74) and make the first plate surface (61) abut against the material distribution surface (13) or the second plate surface (62) abut against the material distribution surface (13).

6. The high-efficiency feeding device for a biomass boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that, A support plate (100) is fixed at the screw feeder (2) located below the drive mechanism (7), and the driver (72) is hinged to the support plate (100).

7. The high-efficiency feeding device for a biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a chute (3), with a feeding hopper (31) at the upper end of the chute (3) and a feeding pipe (4) at the lower end of the chute (3). The chute (3) is inclined downward from the feeding hopper (31) towards the feeding pipe (4). The upper part of the feeding hopper (31) abuts against the lower part of two screw feeding mechanisms (2), and the discharge ports (24) of the two screw feeding mechanisms (2) are located inside the feeding hopper (31).

8. The high-efficiency feeding device for a biomass boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that, The chute (3) and the discharge pipe (4) are connected through a flame-retardant chamber (32). The flame-retardant chamber (32) is equipped with a rotating wheel (8). The rotating wheel (8) includes two material troughs (81). The two material troughs (81) are separated by a partition (82). The chute (3) and the discharge pipe (4) are separated by the partition (82). Rotating the rotating wheel (8) causes the material troughs (81) to rotate from the lower end of the chute (3) to the upper end of the discharge pipe (4).

9. A high-efficiency feeding device for a biomass boiler according to claim 8, characterized in that, The partition (82) is filled with fireproof cotton (83), which is quartz wool.

10. A high-efficiency feeding device for a biomass boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that, The chute (3) is provided with an air inlet pipe (9) arranged along its length direction on the outside. The side of the air inlet pipe (9) is provided with multiple air outlets (91), and the air outlets (91) are located inside the chute (3).

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