A multi-dimensional composite fire detector

Abstract

This utility model discloses a multi-dimensional composite fire detector, belonging to the field of fire detectors. It includes a front shell with a battery slot containing a battery, and a battery cover covering the battery. The multi-dimensional composite fire detector of this utility model, through its flame PCB and control board, allows for assembly by first installing a bracket onto a rear shell, causing magnets one and two to attract each other, and then installing the front shell into the rear shell to complete the installation. When the fire detector detects smoke reaching a predetermined threshold, an alarm sounds. The flame PCB enables timely detection of flame information, enhancing the safety performance of the fire detector. This fire detector effectively distinguishes between fire smoke and facilitates cleaning of dust covers, and enables multi-dimensional cross-verification in the early stages of a fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of fire detectors, specifically relating to a multi-dimensional composite fire detector. Background Technology

[0002] A fire detector is one of the most important components of a fire detection system. It contains at least one sensor capable of continuously or periodically detecting various physical and chemical phenomena produced during combustion, and can provide a suitable signal to control and indicating equipment. Its basic function is to effectively respond to the physical and chemical parameters characterizing fire signals, such as gases, smoke, heat, and light (flames), generated during combustion, and convert them into electrical signals that can be received by a computer for analysis and processing.

[0003] Current fire detectors suffer from several drawbacks: high false alarm rates; ineffective differentiation between smoke and environmental contaminants (such as moisture and dust); and the necessity of dual-spectrum detection due to the difficulty in distinguishing between smoke and contaminants. These drawbacks include: high maintenance costs (frequent manual cleaning of clogged dust covers, a significant drawback of manual cleaning in industrial environments, requiring cleaning 1-2 times per month); battery replacement requiring specialized tools; and response delays (single sensors struggle to provide rapid and accurate assessments in the early stages of a fire). For example, relying solely on smoke sensors typically results in a response time exceeding 5 minutes for smoldering fires, missing the optimal extinguishing window. Furthermore, the lack of multi-dimensional data cross-validation mechanisms increases the risk of missed alarms.

[0004] This invention aims to mitigate or at least alleviate such problems or defects by providing new or otherwise improved fire detectors. Utility Model Content

[0005] In response to one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, this utility model provides a multi-dimensional composite fire detector, which has the advantages of effectively distinguishing fire smoke, facilitating the cleaning of blockages on the dust cover, and enabling multi-dimensional cross-verification in the early stage of a fire.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a multi-dimensional composite fire detector, which includes a front shell with a battery slot inside, a battery in the battery slot, and a battery cover on the front shell that can cover the battery.

[0007] A rear shell, located below the front shell, has a magnet 1 inside the rear shell, and a bracket detachably mounted on one side of the rear shell, with a magnet 2 detachably mounted inside the bracket.

[0008] The maze module is detachably installed inside the rear shell;

[0009] The control board is located inside the rear housing. A flame PCB, an anti-tamper switch PCB, a buzzer, a temperature sensor, an infrared receiver, and an indicator light are detachably arranged on the control board. The control board is electrically connected to the battery.

[0010] A reset switch, which is detachably mounted on the front housing;

[0011] A flame filter, which is detachably mounted on the front housing.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the maze module also includes a dual-spectrum smoke recognition module, wherein the red light wavelength is 660nm and the blue light wavelength is 470nm.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the flame PCB has a dual-level temperature difference early warning module, wherein a secondary alarm is triggered when ΔT1 / Δt ≥2℃ / min. The flame PCB also has an infrared flame verification module, wherein the response band is 3-5μm.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, a vibration self-cleaning module is also provided in the front shell. The vibration self-cleaning module is composed of a micro vibration motor. The micro vibration motor is fixedly connected to the dust cover through an elastic bracket. It removes the surface blockage by vibration. The frequency of the micro motor is 10-50Hz.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model, a low-power IoT communication module is also provided in the front shell. The low-power IoT communication module is a 4G (Cat.1) dual-mode module.

[0016] As a further improvement of this utility model, the vibration intensity and transmittance attenuation rate of the vibration self-cleaning module satisfy: $$I_{vib} = k\cdot \frac{1}{R_{trans}}$$;

[0017] Where $I_{vib}$ is the vibration intensity, $R_{trans}$ is the light transmittance, and $k$ is the proportionality coefficient (0.5-2.0).

[0018] As a further improvement of this utility model, the diameter of the first magnet is matched with the diameter of the second magnet, and the magnetism of the first magnet and the second magnet are opposite.

[0019] As a further improvement of this utility model, the magnet one and magnet two integrate anti-tamper detection circuit contacts. The anti-tamper detection circuit is configured to trigger an anti-tamper alarm mechanism when the relative disassembly angle between the rear shell and the bracket exceeds a preset safety threshold, and send an abnormal disassembly signal to the monitoring terminal through an audible and visual alarm module or a communication interface. The detector is equipped with a manual verification process. When the anti-tamper alarm is triggered, it is necessary to confirm that the equipment installation position has not changed through on-site verification. The verification personnel should record the equipment installation status, verification time, and personnel information, and form a written verification record document to ensure that the detector maintains the established installation position and fire detection performance.

[0020] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above-described technical solutions conceived by this utility model compared with the prior art include:

[0021] The multi-dimensional composite fire detector of this utility model, through the flame PCB and control board, allows for the fixed connection between the front shell and the rear shell by aligning the snap-fit ​​structure of the front shell with the snap-fit ​​groove of the rear shell during assembly and pressing until the snap-fit ​​is locked. First, install the bracket onto the rear shell, causing magnet one and magnet two to attract each other. Then, install the front shell inside the rear shell to complete the installation of the entire fire detector. When the fire detector detects smoke up to a predetermined threshold, the buzzer sounds an alarm. The flame PCB allows for timely detection of flame information, enhancing the safety performance of the fire detector. This fire detector effectively distinguishes between fire smoke and dust cover blockages, and facilitates cleaning. It also enables multi-dimensional cross-verification in the early stages of a fire. Through dual-spectrum smoke recognition, dual-temperature difference monitoring, and infrared flame verification, a fire feature recognition model is constructed, effectively distinguishing fire smoke from environmental interference. According to GB4717-2017 standard testing, the false alarm rate is reduced to below 5% in a standard dust environment, achieving multi-dimensional accurate detection. The vibration self-cleaning module automatically adjusts the vibration intensity based on the dust cover's light transmittance, automatically clearing blockages. According to GB4717-2017 standard testing, the maintenance cycle is extended to 12-18 days in a standard dust environment. Within a month, maintenance costs are reduced by more than 60%. The dual-level temperature difference warning and infrared flame verification enable early fire warning (<2 minutes). 4G (Cat.1) dual-mode communication ensures low power consumption and stable long-distance data transmission, supports remote real-time monitoring, and enables rapid response and safe transmission. The magnetic bracket structure simplifies the installation process, and the anti-accidental power-off design ensures maintenance safety and avoids risks such as short circuits during operation. It features convenient installation and safety protection. This utility model, through the dual-level temperature difference warning module, can shorten the response time to within 2 minutes. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-dimensional composite fire detector of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the multi-dimensional composite fire detector of this utility model.

[0024] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1. Front shell; 2. Battery cover; 3. Battery; 4. Flame PCB; 5. Control board; 6. Tamper switch PCB; 7. Maze module; 8. Magnet one; 9. Rear shell; 10. Bracket; 11. Magnet two; 12. Buzzer; 13. Temperature sensor; 14. Infrared receiver; 15. Indicator light; 16. Reset switch; 17. Flame filter; 18. Dust cover. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0027] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0028] In the embodiments, by Figure 1-2 A multi-dimensional composite fire detector is presented. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-dimensional composite fire detector of this utility model; Figure 2This is an exploded view of the multi-dimensional composite fire detector of this utility model, which includes a front shell 1 with a battery slot inside, a battery 3 inside the battery slot, and a battery cover 2 on the front shell 1 to cover the battery 3; a rear shell 9 located below the front shell 1, a magnet 8 inside the rear shell 9, a bracket 10 detachably mounted on one side of the rear shell 9, and a magnet 11 detachably mounted inside the bracket 10; a maze module 7 detachably mounted inside the rear shell 9; and a control... Control board 5, located inside the rear shell 9, has a flame PCB4, an anti-tamper switch PCB6, a buzzer 12, a temperature sensor 13, an infrared receiver 14, and an indicator light 15 detachably mounted on it. The control board 5 is electrically connected to the battery 3. Reset switch 16 is detachably mounted on the front shell 1. Flame filter 17 is detachably mounted on the front shell 1. Dust cover 18 is used to block particulate dust from entering the flue. The flame filter 17 is a bandpass filter in the 3-5μm band. The dust cover 18 is detachably mounted on the rear shell 9 to block particulate dust from entering the detection area.

[0029] In some embodiments, more specifically, when assembling this fire detector, the bracket 10 is first installed on the rear shell 9, and magnet 18 and magnet 21 are attracted to each other. Then, the front shell 1 is installed inside the rear shell 9 to complete the installation of the entire fire detector. When the fire detector detects smoke to a predetermined threshold, the buzzer 12 alarms, and the flame PCB 4 collects the flame signal in real time and transmits it to the control board 5 to enhance the safety performance of the fire detector during use. The fire detector can effectively distinguish fire smoke and is easy to clean the blockage on the dust cover. It can also achieve multi-dimensional cross-verification in the early stage of a fire.

[0030] Embed the maze module 7 into the rear shell 9, ensuring the dual-spectrum smoke recognition module opening is oriented correctly; install the flame PCB4, anti-tamper switch PCB6, buzzer 12, temperature sensor 13, infrared receiver 14, and indicator light 15 sequentially onto the control board 5, and fix the control board 5 inside the rear shell 9 to complete the circuit connection; place the battery 3 into the battery slot of the front shell 1 and cover it with the battery cover 2; install the reset switch 16 and the flame filter 17; fasten the front shell 1 and the rear shell 9 together to complete the detector assembly.

[0031] When detecting a fire, 1. When smoke enters the maze module 7, the dual-spectrum smoke recognition module detects the intensity of scattered red and blue light and calculates the ratio R. If 1.2 ≤ R ≤ 2.5, it is initially determined to be fire smoke. At the same time, the temperature sensor 13 monitors the ambient temperature in real time, and the flame PCB4 detects the rate of temperature change and infrared flame signal. When ΔT1 / Δt ≥ 2℃ / min or an infrared flame signal in the 3-5μm band is detected, the buzzer 12 is triggered to alarm, and the indicator light 15 flashes, realizing multi-dimensional cross-verification.

[0032] It should also be noted that data transmission is important: after confirming the fire signal, the low-power IoT communication module sends the detection data to the monitoring center via 4G (cat.1), and also supports real-time reception of alarm information via a mobile APP.

[0033] In some embodiments, in order to enhance the fire detector's ability to identify fire smoke in a timely manner, the maze module also includes a dual-spectrum smoke recognition module, wherein the red light wavelength is 660nm and the blue light wavelength is 470nm.

[0034] In some embodiments, more specifically, water vapor / dust and fire smoke are distinguished by the ratio of scattered light intensity. The calculation formula is: $$ R = \frac{I_{Red}}{I_{Blue}} $$, and when 1.2 ≤ R ≤ 2.5, it is determined to be fire smoke, which can make timely and effective judgments on smoke.

[0035] In some embodiments, more specifically, in order to enable fire early warning operations at each level, a dual-level temperature difference early warning module is provided in the flame PCB, wherein a secondary alarm is triggered when ΔT1 / Δt ≥ 2℃ / min, and an infrared flame verification module is also provided in the flame PCB, wherein the response band is 3-5μm.

[0036] In some embodiments, in order to enable timely vibration cleaning when the dust cover is clogged, a vibration self-cleaning module is also provided in the front shell. The vibration self-cleaning module is composed of a micro vibration motor with a frequency of 10-50Hz. By turning on the micro vibration motor, self-cleaning can be performed when the dust cover is clogged.

[0037] In some embodiments, more specifically, the self-cleaning process involves the system monitoring the light transmittance R_{trans} of the dust cover in real time. When the light transmittance decreases, causing the vibration intensity calculated by I_{vib} = k\cdot \frac{1}{R_{trans}} to reach a set threshold, a micro vibration motor is activated to vibrate at a frequency of 10-50Hz, clearing blockages from the surface of the dust cover and restoring detection sensitivity.

[0038] In some embodiments, more specifically, in order to facilitate timely transmission of data from the fire detector, a low-power IoT communication module is also provided in the front housing. This low-power IoT communication module is a 4G (cat.1) dual-mode module.

[0039] In some embodiments, more specifically, in order to further limit the vibration frequency of the micro vibration motor, the vibration intensity and light transmittance of the vibration self-cleaning module satisfy: $$I_{vib} = k\cdot \frac{1}{R_{trans}}$$;

[0040] Where $I_{vib}$ is the vibration intensity, $R_{trans}$ is the real-time light transmittance of the dust cover, and $k$ is the proportionality coefficient (0.5-2.0).

[0041] In some embodiments, in order for magnet 1 to be able to attract with the back shell, the diameter of magnet 18 is adapted to the diameter of magnet 21, and magnet 18 and magnet 21 have opposite magnetic properties.

[0042] In some embodiments, more specifically, in order to realize the anti-tamper detection function, anti-tamper detection circuit contacts (not "anti-accidental touch circuit contacts") are integrated in the magnet 18 and the magnet 21. The anti-tamper detection circuit is configured to: trigger the anti-tamper alarm mechanism when the relative disassembly angle between the rear shell and the bracket exceeds a preset safety threshold (e.g., 15°), and send an abnormal disassembly signal to the monitoring terminal through the sound and light alarm module or communication interface.

[0043] In some embodiments, more specifically, when the battery needs to be replaced or deep maintenance is required, the bracket 10 is slowly disassembled. If the disassembly angle does not exceed a preset safety threshold (e.g., ≤15°), the anti-tamper detection circuit contacts remain in a normal connection state and no alarm is triggered; if the disassembly angle exceeds the preset safety threshold, an anti-tamper alarm is triggered. After maintenance is completed, the bracket 10 is reattached, and the detector automatically returns to normal operation.

[0044] The detector is equipped with a manual verification process. When the anti-tamper alarm is triggered, it is necessary to verify on-site that the equipment installation location has not changed. The verification personnel should record the equipment installation status, verification time and personnel information, and form a written verification record document to ensure that the detector maintains the established installation location and fire detection performance. In summary, by setting the flame PCB and control board, when assembling this fire detector, first install the bracket on the back shell and make magnet one and magnet two attract each other. Then install the front shell inside the back shell to complete the installation of the entire fire detector. When the fire detector detects smoke to the predetermined threshold, the buzzer alarms and performs smoke detection in a dual temperature difference mode. The surface temperature of the control board (PCB) and the smoke temperature entering the maze smoke channel are compared. The temperature sensor (13) detects the surface temperature of the control board and the smoke temperature at the entrance of the maze module respectively. The ambient air temperature inside the smoke detector after the smoke warning is compared with the smoke entering the maze guide plate area. The smoke temperature difference in the maze guide plate area is judged to determine the smoke heat difference for further fire alarm verification. When the smoke temperature rise threshold ratio is reached within the set dynamic time, the flame PCB can detect the flame information in a timely manner to enhance the safety performance of this fire detector. This fire detector can effectively distinguish fire smoke and facilitate the cleaning of the blockage on the dust cover. It can also achieve multi-dimensional cross-verification in the early stage of a fire.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional composite fire detector, characterized by, It includes: A front shell (1) has a battery slot inside, in which a battery (3) is installed. A battery cover (2) covering the battery (3) is detachably installed on the front shell (1), and a dust cover (18) is detachably installed on the front shell (1). A rear shell (9) is located below the front shell (1). A magnet (8) is installed inside the rear shell (9), and a bracket (10) is detachably installed on its rear side. A magnet (11) with the opposite magnetism to magnet (8) is installed inside the bracket (10). A maze module (7) is detachably installed on the rear shell. Inside the shell (9), a smoke channel is formed inside, with the entrance corresponding to the dust cover (18); the control board (5) is located inside the rear shell (9), on which a flame PCB (4), an anti-tamper switch PCB (6), a buzzer (12), a temperature sensor (13), an infrared receiver tube (14), and an indicator light (15) are detachably arranged, and the control board (5) is electrically connected to the battery (3); the reset switch (16) is detachably installed on the front shell (1); the flame filter (17) is detachably arranged on the front shell (1), and is a bandpass filter in the 3-5μm band; Dust cover (18) is detachably installed on the rear shell (9) to prevent particulate dust from entering the detection area.

2. The multi-dimensional composite fire detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maze module (7) integrates a dual-spectrum smoke recognition module with a red light wavelength of 660nm and a blue light wavelength of 470nm.

3. The multi-dimensional composite fire detector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flame PCB (4) contains a dual-level temperature difference early warning module, wherein a secondary alarm is triggered when ΔT1 / Δt ≥2℃ / min. The flame PCB (4) also contains an infrared flame verification module, wherein the response band is 3-5μm.

4. The multi-dimensional composite fire detector according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front shell (1) also has a vibration self-cleaning module, which is composed of a micro vibration motor. The micro vibration motor is fixedly connected to the dust cover (18) through an elastic bracket. The vibration frequency is 10-50Hz.

5. The multi-dimensional composite fire detector according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front shell (1) also contains a low-power IoT communication module, which is a 4G (Cat.1) dual-mode module.

6. The multi-dimensional composite fire detector according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vibration intensity of the self-cleaning module and the light transmittance attenuation rate of the dust cover (18) satisfy the formula: where is the vibration intensity, is the real-time light transmittance of the dust cover (18), and is the proportionality coefficient (0.5-2.0). The vibration intensity and light transmittance attenuation rate of the self-cleaning module satisfy: $$I_{vib} = k\cdot \frac{1}{R_{trans}}$$; Where $I_{vib}$ is the vibration intensity, $R_{trans}$ is the light transmittance, and $k$ is the proportionality coefficient (0.5-2.0).

7. The multi-dimensional composite fire detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the first magnet (8) is matched with that of the second magnet (11), and the magnetism of the first magnet (8) and the second magnet (11) are opposite.

8. The multi-dimensional composite fire detector according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adsorption surfaces of magnet one (8) and magnet two (11) integrate anti-tamper detection circuit contacts. When the relative disassembly angle between the rear shell (9) and the bracket (10) exceeds 15°, the contacts separate and trigger the anti-tamper alarm mechanism. The buzzer (12) and indicator light (15) emit an audible and visual alarm, and the abnormal signal is sent to the monitoring terminal through the low-power IoT communication module. The detector is equipped with a manual verification process. When the anti-tamper alarm is triggered, it is necessary to confirm that the equipment installation position has not changed through on-site verification. The verification personnel should record the equipment installation status, verification time and personnel information, and form a written verification record document to ensure that the detector maintains the established installation position and fire detection performance.

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