A teaching model for nursing care of voice tremor

Abstract

This utility model discloses a voice tremor nursing teaching model in the field of nursing teaching aids. It includes a three-dimensional humanoid model with a left lung model and a right lung model positioned at the chest area. The left lung model is covered with a silicone membrane, forming a pleural cavity model. A catheter is located at the top of the left lung model, with one end extending into the pleural cavity model. Air or liquid is injected into the pleural cavity through the catheter to simulate pneumothorax or pleural effusion. The right lung model includes a detachable and replaceable lung cavity model, lung tumor model, and bronchial obstruction model. A bronchial model is located between the left and right lung models, with a microphone connected to the top of the bronchial model. The two forked ends of the bronchial model at the bottom are connected to the left and right lung models, respectively. This device can replace different models to simulate pathological states, allowing students to intuitively experience the differences in voice tremor under different pathological conditions, improving teaching effectiveness and students' clinical skills training level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nursing teaching aids technology, and in particular to a nursing teaching model for voice tremor. Background Technology

[0002] Health assessment is a core course in nursing, providing a scientific basis for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment through the systematic collection and analysis of patients' health data. In certain respiratory diseases, the tactile percussion fremitus test, combined with auscultation to differentiate breath sounds and percussion sounds, can help healthcare professionals effectively assess disease progression and improve the sensitivity of early diagnosis. In the chest and lung examination section, tactile percussion fremitus testing is of significant value in assessing lung tissue density and identifying pleural lesions, helping healthcare professionals detect lung abnormalities.

[0003] Currently, teaching of vocal fremitus relies heavily on image demonstrations and theoretical explanations. Students cannot directly experience the tactile sensation and auscultation sounds of vocal fremitus caused by different pathological conditions through hands-on practice. Healthy human bodies are often used as simulation subjects in teaching, but because physiological functions in a healthy state cannot be altered, students cannot experience the characteristics of vocal fremitus in pathological states through a healthy human body. Currently available human models for health assessment are typically expensive, complex to manufacture, and require numerous precision parts and sensors. These models not only have high maintenance costs, but damage to even a few parts can render the entire model inoperable. Furthermore, the large number of internal metal components and overall weight of these models make them inconvenient to carry and move, limiting their flexible use in teaching. These problems make existing models insufficient to meet teaching needs, especially in resource-constrained teaching environments.

[0004] The Chinese Patent Database publishes a computer simulator for cardiopulmonary palpation and auscultation, publication number CN2301766Y, published on December 23, 1998. This device consists of a three-dimensional human body model, a sound-producing device positioned in the model's cardiopulmonary area, and a circuit controller. The circuit controller contains a circuit control board, which is connected to power conversion, a microcomputer, voice function, location switching, keyboard control, and digital display circuitry. The microcomputer voice control module allows the sound-producing device to not only emit auscultatory sounds similar to those of a real patient, but also to allow the user to directly experience vibrations, friction, and vocal fremitus changes through the diaphragm on the sound-producing device. Amplification allows for simultaneous auscultation of multiple people, making it applicable to medical teaching and research. This model allows students to train on a simulator, avoiding the impracticality of training on real patients. Simultaneously, students can realistically hear the sounds of cardiopulmonary diseases through the sound-producing device, gaining a more intuitive experience of tactile vocal fremitus. However, in the use of this device, the interaction between students and the simulator is mainly through the keyboard, and the voice fremitus is controlled by the control module, which differs from the actual voice fremitus generation mechanism. The model is a non-transparent model, which is not conducive to students' understanding of different voice fremitus generation mechanisms. In addition, the model has a fixed cardiopulmonary auscultation and palpation area, which can only be palpated at fixed locations. Furthermore, the model lacks voice fremitus in pathological conditions such as pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and lung tumors, which is not conducive to students' experience and understanding of the chest voice fremitus sensation in pathological conditions. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the existing technology and provide a teaching model for vocal tremor nursing. Through replaceable pathological models, it simulates pathological states such as lung tumors, lung cavities, bronchial obstruction, pleural effusion, and pneumothorax, allowing students to intuitively observe the mechanism of vocal tremor and experience the differences in vocal tremor under different pathological states, thereby improving teaching effectiveness and students' clinical skills training level.

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: A voice tremor nursing teaching model includes a three-dimensional simulated human figure. The chest area of ​​the three-dimensional simulated human figure is equipped with a lung simulation device, including a left lung model and a right lung model. The left lung model is covered with a silicone membrane, which forms a pleural cavity model with the left lung model. A catheter is provided at the top of the left lung model, with one end of the catheter extending into the pleural cavity model. Air or liquid is injected into the pleural cavity through the catheter to simulate pneumothorax or pleural effusion. The right lung model includes a detachable and replaceable lung cavity model, lung tumor model, and bronchial obstruction model. A bronchial model is provided between the left and right lung models. A microphone is connected to the top of the bronchial model, and the two forked ends at the bottom of the bronchial model are respectively connected to the left and right lung models.

[0007] When this invention is in operation, it uses replaceable lung pathological models to simulate pathological states such as lung tumors, lung cavities, bronchial obstruction, pleural effusion, and pneumothorax. It uses a microphone to transmit voice and observes the dynamic changes of different pathological state models under voice tremor.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0009] First, by simulating vocal fremitus through artificial vocalization, the sound is transmitted along the metal tube to the lungs, producing vibrations that are highly similar to real vocal fremitus. Students can enhance their understanding of simulated lesions while learning in a fun way by making their own voices and experiencing the differences in vocal fremitus, thus effectively improving their clinical skills training level.

[0010] Secondly, in this device, the left lung model uses a catheter to inject liquid and gas into the pleural cavity to simulate different degrees of pleural effusion and pneumothorax; the right lung model adopts a detachable design and can be replaced with pathological models such as lung tumors, lung cavities, and bronchial obstruction. Under different pathological model conditions, students can intuitively feel the tactile sensation of voice tremor in different pathological states and understand the mechanism of voice tremor.

[0011] Third, each part of the nursing assessment model in this device can be independently disassembled and replaced, facilitating maintenance and upgrades. The model is lightweight and compact, making it easy to carry and move, suitable for various teaching scenarios. Compared to traditional human models, this device has lower design costs and greater durability, making it suitable for widespread use in resource-constrained educational institutions.

[0012] Furthermore, the bronchial model includes a hollow telescopic tube made of carbon fiber. The hollow telescopic tube includes an upper main tube and a bottom branch tube connected to the upper main tube. Inside the hollow telescopic tube are two independent thin metal tubes that are adapted to the shape of the hollow telescopic tube. The hollow telescopic tube simulates the trachea, connecting the left and right lungs to the atmosphere and transmitting sound. By extending and retracting the hollow telescopic tube, students can produce a "yi" sound from the upper entrance, simulating the vocalization process during a tremor test. The thin metal tubes are independent of each other, simulating the left and right bronchi and separating the left and right lungs.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper main tube of the hollow telescopic tube is connected to the sound tube, which is tapered, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0014] Furthermore, a spring clip is provided at the connection between the bronchus model and the right lung model. The clamping force is adjusted by changing the spring compression amount through an adjusting bolt. The spring's elastic coefficient k ≤ 2000 N / m, and the compression amount ≥ 10 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the back of the three-dimensional simulated human figure is provided with a retaining ring for fixing the position of the conduit. The conduit is provided with a cross valve, which controls the entry and exit of airflow or water flow. The retaining ring fixes the conduit, ensuring that the conduit remains stable during the simulation and preventing the conduit from shifting due to the flow of liquid or gas.

[0016] Furthermore, the silicone membrane is a medical-grade silicone membrane with a thickness of 0.5~1.2mm and a Shore hardness of 60A~80A. It has a certain degree of hardness while also having good elasticity, and the small deformation generated when simulating pneumothorax and pleural effusion can be observed.

[0017] Furthermore, the three-dimensional simulated human figure is made of transparent PVC material, which helps students to intuitively observe the dynamic changes of the lung model when voice tremor occurs.

[0018] Furthermore, the left and right lung models are made of TPE material, which has good elasticity and flexibility, is environmentally friendly and non-toxic, and shows obvious dynamic changes under voice tremor, making it easy to observe. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the front of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection state between the guide tube and the retaining ring in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection state between the conduit and the cross valve in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bronchial model in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lung cavity model of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lung tumor model in this utility model.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spring clip in this utility model.

[0026] In the image above, 1 is a three-dimensional humanoid model, 2 is a left lung model, 3 is a right lung model, 4 is a pleural cavity model, 5 is a catheter, 6 is a retaining ring, 7 is a cross valve, 8 is a bronchus model, 9 is an upper main tube, 10 is a microphone, 11 is a spring clip, 12 is a bottom forked tube, 13 is a lung cavity model, 14 is a lung tumor model, 15 is a hollow telescopic tube, 16 is a thin metal tube, 17 is an adjusting bolt, and 18 is a spring. Detailed Implementation

[0027] like Figures 1-7 The illustrated teaching model for voice tremor nursing includes a stereoscopic human figure 1. The stereoscopic human figure 1 has a lung simulation device located in the thoracic region, including a left lung model 2 and a right lung model 3. The left lung model 2 is covered with a silicone membrane, forming a pleural cavity model 4. A catheter 5 is located at the top of the left lung model 2, with one end extending into the pleural cavity model 4. Air or liquid is injected into the pleural cavity through the catheter 5 to simulate pneumothorax or pleural effusion. The right lung model 3 includes a detachable and replaceable lung cavity model 13, a lung tumor model 14, and a bronchial obstruction model. A bronchial model 8 is located between the left lung model 2 and the right lung model 3. A microphone 10 is connected to the top of the bronchial model 8, and the two forked ends at the bottom of the bronchial model 8 are connected to the left lung model 2 and the right lung model 3, respectively.

[0028] The bronchial model 8 includes a hollow telescopic tube 15 made of carbon fiber. The hollow telescopic tube 15 includes an upper main tube 9 and a bottom fork tube 12 connected to the upper main tube. Inside the hollow telescopic tube 15, there are two independent thin metal tubes 16 that are adapted to the shape of the hollow telescopic tube 15. The hollow telescopic tube 15 simulates the trachea, connecting the left and right lungs to the atmosphere and realizing the function of sound transmission. By extending and retracting the hollow telescopic tube 15, students can make a "yi" sound from the upper entrance, simulating the vocalization process during a speech tremor examination. The thin metal tubes 16 are independent of each other and are used to simulate the left and right bronchi, separating the left and right lungs.

[0029] The upper main pipe 9 of the hollow telescopic tube 15 is connected to the microphone 10, which is tapered, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0030] A spring clip 11 is provided at the connection between the bronchus model 8 and the right lung model 3. The clamping force of the spring clip 11 is adjusted by changing the compression of the spring 18 through the adjusting bolt 17. The elastic coefficient k of the spring 18 is ≤2000N / m, and the compression is ≥10mm. Rotating the adjusting bolt 17 applies deformation pressure to the spring 18, thereby changing the clamping force of the spring clip 11. The adjustable pressure range is between 2 and 20N.

[0031] The three-dimensional humanoid figure 1 has a retaining ring 6 on its back for fixing the position of the catheter 5. The catheter 5 is equipped with a cross valve 7, which controls the flow of air or water. The retaining ring 6 fixes the catheter 5 to ensure that the catheter 5 remains stable during the simulation and to prevent the catheter 5 from shifting due to the flow of liquid or gas. When injecting liquid into the pleural cavity through the catheter 5 to simulate pleural effusion, the amount of liquid injected is 50~1000mL. When simulating pneumothorax, the amount of gas introduced is 50~1000mL.

[0032] The silicone membrane is a medical-grade silicone membrane with a thickness of 0.5~1.2mm and a Shore hardness of 60A~80A. It has a certain degree of hardness while also having good elasticity, and the small deformation generated when simulating pneumothorax and pleural effusion can be observed.

[0033] The 3D humanoid model 1 is made of transparent PVC material, which helps students to visually observe the dynamic changes of the lung model when voice tremor occurs.

[0034] The left lung model 2 and the right lung model 3 are made of TPE material. TPE material has good elasticity and flexibility, is environmentally friendly and non-toxic, and shows obvious dynamic changes under voice tremor, making it easy to observe.

[0035] In operation, the two forked ends at the bottom of the bronchus model 8 are inserted and connected to the interfaces on the left lung model 2 and the right lung model 3, respectively. When simulating the characteristics of voice tremor under different pathological conditions, the corresponding right lung model 3 is replaced. The lung tumor model 14 is made of TPE material and is made according to the shape, size, and location of the tumor under the actual patient's pathological condition. The lung tumor cells are simulated by silicone solids and embedded in the right lung model 3 near the bronchus to form a simulation effect. The lung cavity model 13 is made of TPE material. According to the imaging manifestations of lung cavities, an opening is set in the right lung model 3 near the main bronchus to form a cavity to achieve a simulation effect. A spring clip 11 is placed at the bottom of the thin metal tube 16 near the interface of the right lung model 3. The pressure applied is changed by turning the adjusting bolt 17. The pressure range is between 2 and 20 N, which can simulate different degrees of bronchial obstruction. When simulating different degrees of pleural effusion and pneumothorax, liquid or gas is introduced into the catheter 5 through the cross valve 7 and delivered to the pleural cavity.

[0036] According to the teaching requirements, different lesion models are set up on the three-dimensional humanoid model 1. In single-person operation, one hand holds the microphone 10, and the other hand's palm side edge or palm surface is gently placed on the lesion site. The mouth makes a "yi" sound towards the microphone 10, feeling the strength of the vocal fremitus at the lesion site. In two-person operation, one person holds the microphone 10 and makes the "yi" sound, while the other person gently places the ulnar side edge or palm surface of both hands on the left and right lungs. This allows for simultaneous examination of lesions in both lungs and comparative understanding. The pronunciation should be steady, loud, and moderate in pitch, lasting 3-5 seconds each time to facilitate feeling the intensity and nature of the vocal fremitus. Vocal fremitus can be perceived differently in different lesions. When simulating a lung tumor, the vibration is more pronounced and feels more solid than normal due to the solid texture of the tumor tissue. When simulating a lung cavity, vocal fremitus is significantly enhanced because the resonance of the cavity enhances sound conduction, making the vibration feel more hollow. When simulating bronchial obstruction, the reduced air content in the corresponding lung tissue due to the inability of air to enter and exit normally obstructs sound conduction, thus weakening the vocal fremitus as the degree of obstruction increases. When simulating pneumothorax or pleural effusion, the vocal fremitus is weakened in the area of ​​air or fluid accumulation because the lung tissue is compressed.

[0037] This innovative teaching model simulates vocal fremitus through artificial vocalization. The sound is transmitted along a metal tube to the lungs, producing vibrations highly similar to real vocal fremitus. Students experience the differences in vocal fremitus through vocalization, enhancing their understanding of simulated pathologies while engaging in fun learning, effectively improving their clinical skills. Each part of the nursing assessment model is independently disassembled and replaceable, facilitating maintenance and upgrades. The model is lightweight and compact, making it easy to carry and move, suitable for various teaching scenarios. Compared to traditional human models, this device has lower design costs and greater durability, making it suitable for widespread use in resource-constrained educational institutions.

[0038] This utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative labor, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A teaching model for vocal tremor nursing, comprising a three-dimensional simulated human figure, characterized in that: The three-dimensional simulated human body has a lung simulation device at the chest area, including a left lung model and a right lung model. The left lung model is covered with a silicone membrane, which together with the left lung model forms a pleural cavity model. A catheter is located at the top of the left lung model, with one end extending into the pleural cavity model. Air or liquid is injected into the pleural cavity through the catheter to simulate pneumothorax or pleural effusion. The right lung model includes a detachable and replaceable lung cavity model, lung tumor model, and bronchial obstruction model. A bronchial model is located between the left and right lung models. A microphone is connected to the top of the bronchial model, and the two forked ends at the bottom of the bronchial model are respectively connected to the left and right lung models.

2. The teaching model for voice tremor nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bronchial model includes a hollow telescopic tube made of carbon fiber. The hollow telescopic tube includes an upper main tube and a bottom fork tube connected to the upper main tube. Inside the hollow telescopic tube are two independent thin metal tubes that are adapted to the shape of the hollow telescopic tube.

3. The teaching model for voice tremor nursing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper main tube of the hollow telescopic tube is connected to the sound tube, which is tapered, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

4. The teaching model for voice tremor nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring clip is provided at the connection between the bronchus model and the right lung model. The clamping force is adjusted by changing the spring compression amount through an adjusting bolt. The spring's elastic coefficient k ≤ 2000 N / m and the compression amount ≥ 10 mm.

5. The teaching model for voice tremor nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional simulated human figure has a retaining ring on its back for fixing the position of the conduit. The conduit is equipped with a cross valve, which controls the entry and exit of airflow or water flow.

6. The teaching model for voice tremor nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicone membrane is a medical-grade silicone membrane with a thickness of 0.5~1.2mm and a Shore hardness of 60A~80A.

7. A teaching model for voice tremor nursing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The three-dimensional humanoid model is made of transparent PVC material.

8. A teaching model for voice tremor nursing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The left and right lung models are made of TPE material.

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