Fuse link
By employing a non-equidistant, narrow neck spacing and a large-scale molded molten body structure, the problem of fuse failure in high-voltage energy storage systems is solved, achieving miniaturization and cost reduction.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XIAMEN SET ELECTRONICS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing high-voltage energy storage system fuses are difficult to miniaturize and reduce costs under high voltage conditions, and are prone to failure during high-voltage interruption.
The design employs a non-equidistant, narrow-neck spacing, combined with a large-scale molten body structure. Through the combination of the first, second, and third bent molten bodies, it ensures that both rows of punches melt simultaneously under high voltage and low rated current, reducing the risk of breakage failure.
This improved the withstand voltage of the fuse, reduced the probability of breaking failure, and achieved the goals of miniaturization and cost reduction.
Smart Images
Figure CN224288216U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrical protection device technology, and in particular to a fuse. Background Technology
[0002] To reduce the overall cost of energy storage systems, these systems are evolving towards higher voltages. For example, 2000VDC energy storage systems are already in the R&D and design phases of various manufacturers, and some have even been commercialized. However, the battery systems in energy storage systems generally use high-energy-density lithium battery packs. Short circuits in high-energy-density lithium batteries can easily lead to major safety accidents. Safety accidents in high-voltage energy storage systems are even more dangerous and difficult to handle. Therefore, short-circuit protection in energy storage systems typically uses high-speed breaking fuses. Currently, to meet the requirements for fuses used in 2000VDC systems, fuse manufacturers generally increase the length of the fuse body and the fuse element to achieve high-voltage safe breaking. However, this approach does not meet the demands for miniaturization and low cost in end-user systems.
[0003] For fuses designed for 2000VDC energy storage systems, the common practice in the market is to increase the fuse tube length from 120-130 mm to over 160 mm and the number of fuse necks from 10 to 13 or even more to improve high-voltage breaking capacity. However, this increased length not only increases the fuse's volume but also its material cost, creating a conflict between cost reduction and miniaturization. Furthermore, increasing the number of fuse necks leads to increased fuse resistance; for fuses with the same rated current, more necks are needed to reduce temperature rise, further increasing the cost of the fuse element.
[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model, and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the problems of existing technologies, this utility model provides a fuse element with non-equidistant neck spacing and a large-scale forming in the middle of the fuse element. This effectively solves the problem of fuse failure at high voltage and low breaking rate, while also achieving miniaturization.
[0006] This utility model provides a fuse element, comprising a first bent fuse element, a second bent fuse element, and a third bent fuse element. The first bent fuse element has a first side and a second side opposite to each other. The second bent fuse element and the third bent fuse element are respectively disposed on the first side and the second side of the first bent fuse element. The first bent fuse element has no perforations, while the second and third bent fuse elements have perforations. Viewed from above, with the current direction defined as a first direction, the first spacing between the perforations on both sides of the first bent fuse element in the first direction is greater than the second spacing between adjacent perforations of the second bent fuse element in the first direction. The first spacing is greater than the third spacing between adjacent perforations of the third bent fuse element in the first direction, and the third spacing is equal to the second spacing. The first spacing is at least 1.5 times the second spacing.
[0007] Furthermore, the second and third bent melts are symmetrically distributed with respect to the first bent melt.
[0008] Furthermore, the first spacing is 1.5 to 5 times the second spacing.
[0009] Furthermore, viewed from above, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the first bent melt has multiple melt strips that are staggered vertically along the second direction.
[0010] Furthermore, the shape of the fusion strip is arched, triangular, or rectangular.
[0011] Furthermore, the height of the weld bar is ≥1.5mm.
[0012] Furthermore, the shape of the punch is circular, square, or near-circular.
[0013] Furthermore, the second bending melt includes a planar portion, a punched portion, and a bending portion, wherein the planar portion is connected to the punched portion, the punched portion is connected to the bending portion, and the first bending melt is connected to the punched portion.
[0014] Furthermore, the shape of the bending portion is a triangular bend, a trapezoidal bend, or a rectangular bend.
[0015] Furthermore, the punches on the second bent melt are arranged at equal intervals with the second spacing, and the punches on the third bent melt are arranged at equal intervals with the third spacing.
[0016] The present invention provides a fuse element that, through the combination of a first bent fuse element, a second bent fuse element, and a third bent fuse element, ensures that the fuse does not experience narrow-neck fusing at only one row of punches when fusing at high voltage and low rated current. Instead, it achieves fusing fusing at both rows of punches, thus ensuring the fusing spacing during high voltage and low rated current fusing, improving its breaking withstand voltage capacity, and reducing the probability of breaking failure. Furthermore, the staggered distribution of the fuse elements in a strip shape facilitates heat dissipation during use and reduces the risk of breaking failure due to arc crosstalk during high voltage breaking.
[0017] Other features and beneficial effects of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some of the technical features and beneficial effects may be apparent from the description or learned by practicing this invention. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, some of the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fuse provided in the first embodiment of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of the fuse element;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fuse provided in the second embodiment of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuse provided in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0023] Figure label:
[0024] 1-Fuse element; 2-Shell; 3-First contact electrode; 4-Second contact electrode; 11-First bent fusible element; 111-First side; 112-Second side; 113-Fuse bar; 12-Second bent fusible element; 121-Flat portion; 122-Punched portion; 123-Bent portion; 13-Third bent fusible element; 20-Punched; 201-First punched; 202-Second punched; L1-First spacing; L2-Second spacing; L3-Third spacing; X-First direction; Y-Second direction. Detailed Implementation
[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The technical features designed in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. Additionally, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof mean "at least comprising."
[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fuse 1 provided in the first embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of the fuse element 1. To achieve at least one or more of the aforementioned advantages, the first embodiment of this utility model provides a fuse element 1. As shown in the figure, the fuse element 1 includes a first bent fuse element 11, a second bent fuse element 12, and a third bent fuse element 13.
[0028] The first bent melt 11 has a first side 111 and a second side 112 opposite to each other. In this embodiment, the left side of the figure is the first side 111 and the right side is the second side 112. The first bent melt 11 is provided without punch holes 20.
[0029] The second bent molten element 12 is disposed on the first side 111 of the first bent molten element 11, and the third bent molten element 13 is disposed on the second side 112 of the first bent molten element 11. That is, the second bent molten element 12 and the third bent molten element 13 are disposed on opposite sides of the first bent molten element 11 along the current direction, with the first bent molten element 11 located in the middle. Both the second bent molten element 12 and the third bent molten element 13 are provided with perforations 20.
[0030] Looking from above, as Figure 2 As shown, the direction of current is defined as the first direction X. For example, the direction from the first side 111 to the second side 112 in the figure is the first direction X. The first spacing L1 of the punches 20 on both sides of the first bent molten body 11 in the first direction X is greater than the second spacing L2 between adjacent punches 20 of the second bent molten body 12 in the first direction X, and the first spacing L1 is greater than the third spacing L3 between adjacent punches 20 of the third bent molten body 13 in the first direction X. The punches 20 on both sides of the first bent molten body 11 in the first direction X can be understood as follows: the left side refers to the punch 20 on the second bent molten body 12 that is closest to the first bent molten body 11, which is the first punch 201; the right side refers to the punch 20 on the third bent molten body 13 that is closest to the first bent molten body 11, which is the second punch 202. That is, the first spacing L1 refers to the spacing between the first punch 201 and the second punch 202. The adjacent punches 20 of the second bent molten body 12 in the first direction X can be understood as... Figure 2 A row of punches 20 arranged longitudinally is considered as a single group of punches 20. The second spacing refers to the spacing between two adjacent groups of different rows of punches 20 along the first direction X. The third spacing L3 is equal to the second spacing L2, and the first spacing L1 is at least 1.5 times the second spacing L2. More preferably, each third spacing L3 is equal to the second spacing L2, that is, the punches 20 on the second bent fusible element 12 are arranged at equal intervals with the second spacing L2 as the interval, and the punches 20 on the third bent fusible element 13 are arranged at equal intervals with the third spacing L3 as the interval. In this way, the neck spacing of the fuse element 1 is arranged non-equidistantly, and the middle part of the fusible element is formed with a large amplitude, which can effectively solve the problem of fuse failure under high voltage and low breaking rate; and since L2 and L3 are smaller than the middle L1, a small size can be achieved. Optionally, the first spacing L1 is 1.5 to 5 times the second spacing L2.
[0031] like Figure 1As shown, the fuse element 1 adopts a symmetrical design, meaning the second bent fuse element 12 and the third bent fuse element 13 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the first bent fuse element 11. From the perspective of heat generation and heat dissipation, the two rows of perforations 20 near the middle first bent fuse element 11 will preferentially reach the melting point (while the flat part 121, located on the outermost side, dissipates heat through the contact electrode, resulting in the lowest temperature), and will preferentially break. In other words, when the high voltage and low rated current are broken, there will be no narrow-neck breakage at only one row of perforations 20; instead, both rows of perforations 20 will break together, ensuring the breaking distance when the high voltage and low rated current are broken, improving its breaking withstand voltage capability, and reducing the probability of breaking failure.
[0032] Looking from above, as Figure 2 As shown, the direction from the first side 111 to the second side 112 is defined as the first direction X, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X. The first bent molten body 11 has multiple molten strips 113, which are staggered vertically along the second direction Y. This staggered arrangement of the molten strips 113 facilitates heat dissipation during use and reduces the risk of arcing failure during high-voltage breaking. It also ensures that the narrowest points closest to the two sides of the first bent molten body 11 break first. In this embodiment, the molten strips 113 are arched. Furthermore, the multiple molten strips 113 can be connected in parallel.
[0033] The second bent melt 12 includes a flat portion 121, a punched portion 122, and a bent portion 123. The flat portion 121 is connected to the punched portion 122 and is located on the outer side. The bent portion 123 is connected to the punched portion 122, and the punched portions 122 are connected to both sides of the first bent melt 11. Multiple bent portions 123 and multiple punched portions 122 are arranged alternately. The multiple bent portions 123 on the second bent melt 12 are arranged along a first direction X and are equidistant. There are 5 punched portions 122 in the figure, that is, each punched portion 122 contains a sequence of 5 punches 20, and the 5 punched portions 122 are equidistant. This can be used to release stress generated during the manufacturing process and use, while reducing the risk of failure due to arc crosstalk during the high-voltage breaking process. In the flat state, stress is concentrated at the narrow point; when bending occurs, the stress can be avoided at the narrow point, reducing the risk of failure. In some embodiments, the punch 20 may be provided in the bending portion 123.
[0034] The structure of the third bending melt 13 may be the same as that of the second bending melt 12. In some embodiments, the shape of the bending portion 123 is a triangular bend, a trapezoidal bend, or a rectangular bend.
[0035] In some embodiments, the height of the fuse bar 113 is ≥1.5mm, which ensures that when the low-voltage fuse interrupts the arc at a high voltage and low rated current, the arc direction at this point forms a certain angle with the voltage direction, increasing the difficulty of arc ignition and allowing the fuse to extinguish the arc more quickly. It also reduces the number of rows of holes 20 in the fuse body 1, thereby shortening the fuse length. Preferably, the height of the fuse bar 113 is ≥3.5mm. If the height of the fuse bar 113 is too small, the stress release will be insignificant.
[0036] In some embodiments, the shape of the punch 20 is circular, square, or near-circular.
[0037] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fuse 1 provided in the second embodiment of this utility model. Compared to Figure 1 The main difference between this embodiment and the fuse 1 shown in the first embodiment is that the shape of the fuse bar 113 in this embodiment is rectangular.
[0038] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention. The fuse includes a fuse element 1 as described in any of the foregoing embodiments, and the number of fuse elements 1 can be multiple. The fuse also includes a housing 2, a first contact electrode 3, and a second contact electrode 4.
[0039] The fuse 1 is located inside the housing 2, which can be made of high-strength, high-temperature resistant insulating materials such as ceramics.
[0040] The two ends of the fuse element 1 are respectively connected to the first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 by welding. Optionally, the welding method of the fuse element 1 can be spot welding or laser welding. The first contact electrode 3, the second contact electrode 4 and the housing 2 cooperate to form a sealed cavity. The first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 can be L-shaped electrodes, T-shaped electrodes, or other electrode structures.
[0041] In some embodiments, the first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4 have the same structure, both including an end face and a plate-like structure. The end face is used for welding connection with the fuse 1 and for fixed connection with the housing 2; the plate-like structure is used for electrical connection with external equipment, and is usually slotted or provided with slots to form a reliable electrical connection.
[0042] In some embodiments, filling holes are provided on the first contact electrode 3 and the second contact electrode 4. These filling holes are used to fill with an arc-extinguishing medium such as quartz sand. By filling with the arc-extinguishing medium, the high reliability requirements of a small-volume, high-current low-voltage fuse can be met. Preferably, the filling hole can be located on either side of the low-voltage fuse. Preferably, the filling hole can be sealed with a plug or sealant.
[0043] In summary, the fuse element 1 and fuse provided by this utility model, through the combination of the first bent fuse element 11, the second bent fuse element 12 and the third bent fuse element 13, ensure that the fuse does not experience narrow-neck fusing at only one row of punches 20 when fusing at high voltage and low rated current, but rather fusing at both rows of punches 20. This ensures the fusing distance when fusing at high voltage and low rated current, improves its breaking withstand voltage capability, and reduces the probability of breaking failure. Furthermore, the staggered distribution of the fuse bars 113 in a strip shape facilitates heat dissipation during use and reduces the risk of breaking failure caused by arc crosstalk during high voltage breaking.
[0044] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that although many problems exist in the prior art, each embodiment or technical solution of this utility model can be improved in only one or a few aspects, without necessarily solving all the technical problems listed in the prior art or background art simultaneously. Those skilled in the art should understand that any content not mentioned in a claim should not be construed as a limitation on that claim.
[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A fuse, characterized in that: The fuse element includes a first bent fuse element, a second bent fuse element, and a third bent fuse element; The first bent molten body has a first side and a second side opposite to each other. The second bent molten body and the third bent molten body are respectively disposed on the first side and the second side of the first bent molten body. The first bent molten body has no punches, while the second bent molten body and the third bent molten body have punches. Viewed from above, the current direction is defined as the first direction. The first spacing between the punches on both sides of the first bent molten body in the first direction is greater than the second spacing between adjacent punches of the second bent molten body in the first direction. The first spacing is greater than the third spacing between adjacent punches of the third bent molten body in the first direction. The third spacing is equal to the second spacing. The first spacing is at least 1.5 times the second spacing.
2. The fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second and third bent melts are symmetrically distributed with respect to the first bent melt.
3. The fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spacing is 1.5 to 5 times the second spacing.
4. The fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: Viewed from above, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the first bent melt has multiple melt bars that are staggered vertically along the second direction.
5. The fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shape of the welding strip is arched, triangular, or rectangular.
6. The fuse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the welding strip is ≥1.5mm.
7. The fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perforation can be circular or square.
8. The fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second bending melt includes a flat portion, a punched portion, and a bent portion. The flat portion is connected to the punched portion, the punched portion is connected to the bent portion, and the first bending melt is connected to the punched portion.
9. The fuse according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shape of the bending section is a triangular bend, a trapezoidal bend, or a rectangular bend.
10. The fuse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The punches on the second bent melt are arranged at equal intervals with the second spacing, and the punches on the third bent melt are arranged at equal intervals with the third spacing.