Auxiliary power module and power distribution system

Abstract

This application discloses an auxiliary power supply module and a power distribution terminal, belonging to the field of power supply. The auxiliary power supply module includes a charging circuit, an energy storage unit, a power failure detection delay circuit, a boost circuit, and a power output terminal. The charging circuit is connected to the energy storage unit and is used to charge the energy storage unit using the main power supply voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal. The power failure detection delay circuit is connected to both the charging circuit and the boost circuit and is used to output a working voltage to the boost circuit when the main power supply voltage is less than a first target voltage for a target duration. The energy storage unit is connected to the boost circuit and is used to output a stored energy voltage to the boost circuit. The boost circuit is connected to the power output terminal and is used to supply power at the working voltage, converting the stored energy voltage into a supply voltage and providing it to the power output terminal. The supply voltage is used to power the power distribution terminal. This application can improve the service life of the auxiliary power supply module and improve the stability of power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of power supply, and in particular relates to an auxiliary power supply module and a power distribution system. Background Technology

[0002] When the main power supply voltage fails, the auxiliary power module needs sufficient power to supply the distribution terminal so that the distribution terminal can report service interruption information and collect positive active power data at the time of power failure, thus meeting the functional requirements for timely segmented and time-of-use billing for users. However, the auxiliary power modules in related technologies have problems such as short service life and poor power supply stability. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes an auxiliary power supply module and a power distribution system, which can improve the service life of the auxiliary power supply module and enhance power supply stability.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides an auxiliary power module, including a charging circuit, an energy storage unit, a power failure detection delay circuit, a boost circuit, and a power output terminal;

[0005] The charging circuit is connected to the energy storage unit and is used to charge the energy storage unit with the main power supply voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal.

[0006] The power failure detection delay circuit is connected to the charging circuit and the boost circuit respectively, and is used to output the working voltage to the boost circuit when the duration of the main power supply voltage being less than the first target voltage reaches the target duration;

[0007] The energy storage unit is connected to the boost circuit and is used to output energy storage voltage to the boost circuit.

[0008] The boost circuit is connected to the power output terminal and is used to supply power under the operating voltage, so as to convert the energy storage voltage into a power supply voltage and provide it to the power output terminal. The power supply voltage is used to supply power to the power distribution terminal.

[0009] According to the auxiliary power module of this application, the charging circuit charges the energy storage unit using the main power supply voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal. The power failure detection delay circuit determines that the main power supply voltage has failed when the duration for which the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage reaches the target duration. The boost circuit converts the energy storage voltage of the energy storage unit into the supply voltage to supply power to the power distribution terminal, thus avoiding the detection of short-term fluctuations in the main power supply voltage as a power failure. This prevents the auxiliary power module from supplying power to the power distribution terminal when the main power supply voltage fluctuates for a short time, thereby improving the service life of the auxiliary power module and enhancing the stability of the power supply.

[0010] According to one embodiment of this application, the charging circuit includes a voltage input unit, a voltage conversion unit, and a charging management unit;

[0011] The voltage input unit is used to convert the main power supply voltage into DC voltage;

[0012] The voltage conversion unit is connected to the voltage input unit and is used to convert the DC voltage into a first voltage;

[0013] The charging management unit is connected to the voltage conversion unit and is used to charge the energy storage unit with constant current through the first voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal.

[0014] According to one embodiment of this application, the power-down detection delay circuit is connected to the voltage input unit and is further configured to determine that the duration of the main power supply voltage being less than the first target voltage has reached the target duration when the duration of the DC voltage being less than the second target voltage has reached the target duration;

[0015] Alternatively, the power-down detection delay circuit is connected to the voltage conversion unit and is further configured to determine that the duration during which the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage has reached the target duration when the duration during which the first voltage is less than the third target voltage has reached the target duration.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this application, the charging management unit is further configured to stop charging the energy storage unit when the voltage of the energy storage unit reaches a first voltage threshold; and to reduce the charging current of the energy storage unit in the event of a short circuit in the energy storage unit.

[0017] According to one embodiment of this application, the charging management unit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, and a charging inductor;

[0018] The charging management unit is also used to periodically control the first transistor and the second transistor to be turned on and off simultaneously when the energy storage unit is short-circuited. When the first transistor and the second transistor are turned on simultaneously, the charging inductor is charged through the first voltage. When the first transistor and the second transistor are turned off simultaneously, the energy storage unit is charged through the charging inductor.

[0019] According to one embodiment of this application, the charging management unit further includes a constant current chip, a sampling resistor, an output capacitor, and a first feedback circuit;

[0020] The input and enable terminals of the constant current chip are respectively connected to the voltage conversion unit. One end of the sampling resistor is connected to the voltage conversion unit, and the other end of the sampling resistor is connected to the sampling terminal of the constant current chip and the second terminal of the second transistor. The control terminal of the second transistor is connected to the first output terminal of the constant current chip. The first terminal of the second transistor is connected to one end of the charging inductor. The other end of the charging inductor is connected to the second terminal of the first transistor and the energy storage unit. The control terminal of the first transistor is connected to the second output terminal of the constant current chip, and the first terminal of the first transistor is grounded. One end of the first feedback circuit is connected to the energy storage unit, and the other end of the first feedback circuit is connected to the feedback terminal of the constant current chip. One end of the output capacitor is connected to the energy storage unit, and the other end of the output capacitor is grounded.

[0021] According to one embodiment of this application, the boost circuit includes a first boost unit and a second boost unit;

[0022] The first boost unit is connected to the energy storage unit and is used to convert the energy storage voltage into a second voltage;

[0023] The power failure detection delay circuit is connected to the first boost unit and the second boost unit respectively, and is also used to output the operating voltage to the second boost unit through the second voltage when the duration during which the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage reaches the target duration;

[0024] The second boost unit is connected to the energy storage unit and the power output terminal respectively, and is used to supply power under the operating voltage, so as to convert the energy storage voltage into the power supply voltage and provide it to the power output terminal.

[0025] According to one embodiment of this application, the first boost unit is further configured to stop converting the energy storage voltage into the second voltage when the energy storage voltage is less than a second voltage threshold.

[0026] According to one embodiment of this application, the first boost unit includes a startup resistor, and the first boost unit is connected to the second boost unit through the startup resistor;

[0027] The second boost unit is also used to pull down the operating voltage to stop power supply in the event of a short circuit at the power output terminal;

[0028] The first boost unit is also used to charge the second boost unit through the start-up resistor to increase the operating voltage and restore the second boost unit to power supply operation.

[0029] According to one embodiment of this application, the first boost unit further includes a boost inductor, a boost diode, a boost chip, an enable circuit, and a second feedback circuit; the second boost unit includes a transformer, a flyback absorption circuit, a boost control circuit, a third transistor, and a third feedback circuit.

[0030] The energy storage unit is connected to the second-stage coil of the transformer via the boost inductor, the boost diode, and the starting resistor connected in series; the input and control terminals of the boost chip are respectively connected to the two ends of the boost inductor; the enable terminal of the boost chip is connected to the energy storage unit via the enable circuit; and the feedback terminal of the boost chip is connected to the negative terminal of the boost diode via the second feedback circuit.

[0031] One end of the primary coil of the transformer is connected to the energy storage unit and the flyback absorption circuit, and the other end of the primary coil of the transformer is connected to the flyback absorption circuit and the second terminal of the third transistor. The boost control circuit is connected to the power failure detection delay circuit, the third feedback circuit, and the control terminal and the first terminal of the third transistor. The primary coil of the transformer and the third feedback circuit are connected to the power output terminal.

[0032] According to one embodiment of this application, the auxiliary power module further includes an AC reverse current protection circuit;

[0033] The anti-AC backflow circuit is connected between the boost circuit and the power output terminal. It is in a conducting state when the boost circuit outputs the power supply voltage, providing the power supply voltage to the power output terminal; and in a turning-off state when AC voltage is input to the power output terminal, disconnecting the boost circuit from the power output terminal.

[0034] According to one embodiment of this application, the energy storage unit includes a battery, which includes any one of a lithium battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, and a lead-acid battery.

[0035] Secondly, this application provides a power distribution system, characterized in that it includes:

[0036] The auxiliary power module as described in the first aspect above;

[0037] The power distribution terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the auxiliary power module and is used to supply power by the main power supply voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal; and to supply power by the power supply voltage output by the auxiliary power module when the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage for a target duration.

[0038] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of this application have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0039] When the main power supply voltage is normal, the charging circuit charges the energy storage unit using the main power supply voltage. The power failure detection delay circuit determines that the main power supply voltage has failed when the duration for which the main power supply voltage is lower than the first target voltage reaches the target duration. The boost circuit converts the energy storage voltage of the energy storage unit into the supply voltage to supply power to the power distribution terminal, thus avoiding the detection of short-term fluctuations in the main power supply voltage as a power failure. This prevents the auxiliary power module from supplying power to the power distribution terminal when the main power supply voltage fluctuates for a short time, thereby improving the service life of the auxiliary power module and enhancing the stability of the power supply.

[0040] Furthermore, when an overvoltage fault occurs in the energy storage unit, undervoltage protection is provided; when a short-circuit fault occurs in the energy storage unit, short-circuit protection is provided; when the voltage of the energy storage unit is low, power supply to the distribution terminal is stopped to prevent over-discharge of the energy storage unit; when a short-circuit fault occurs at the power output terminal, short-circuit protection is provided for the auxiliary power module, and it can self-recover after the short circuit at the power output terminal is cleared; when AC voltage is connected to the power output terminal, AC backflow is prevented.

[0041] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary power module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the voltage input unit in the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the voltage conversion unit in the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the charging management unit in the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 5 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the power failure detection delay circuit in the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a second schematic diagram of the power failure detection delay circuit in the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 7This is a circuit diagram of the first boost unit in the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first part of the circuit of the second boost unit in the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second part of the circuit of the second boost unit in the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 10 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the anti-AC reverse-current circuit in the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 11 This is the second schematic diagram of the anti-AC reverse-current circuit in the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0055] The auxiliary power module and power distribution system provided in the embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary power module provided in an embodiment of this application. The auxiliary power module is used to supply power to the distribution terminal in the event of a main power supply voltage failure. The distribution terminal may include at least one of a dedicated transformer terminal and a meter device (such as a three-phase meter).

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the auxiliary power module provided in this application embodiment includes a charging circuit 1, an energy storage unit 2, a power failure detection delay circuit 3, a boost circuit 4, and a power output terminal 5.

[0058] The charging circuit 1 is connected to the energy storage unit 2 and is used to charge the energy storage unit 2 with the main power supply voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal.

[0059] The charging circuit 1 has its input connected to the main power supply voltage, and its output connected to the energy storage unit 2. When the main power supply voltage is normal (e.g., within a preset voltage range), the charging circuit 1 converts the main power supply voltage into a voltage for charging the energy storage unit 2, while simultaneously supplying power to the distribution terminal. When the main power supply voltage fails, the charging circuit 1 stops charging the energy storage unit 2, and the main power supply voltage stops supplying power to the distribution terminal.

[0060] The power failure detection delay circuit 3 is connected to the charging circuit 1 and the boost circuit 4 respectively, and is used to output the working voltage to the boost circuit 4 when the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage for a certain period of time.

[0061] The power failure detection delay circuit 3 can detect the main power supply voltage. When the main power supply voltage is detected to be normal, the power failure detection delay circuit 3 does not output operating voltage to the boost circuit 4; when the main power supply voltage is detected to be lower than the first target voltage for a period less than the target duration, it also does not output operating voltage to the boost circuit 4; when the main power supply voltage is detected to be lower than the first target voltage for a period longer than the target duration, it determines that the main power supply has failed and outputs operating voltage to the boost circuit 4.

[0062] Energy storage unit 2 is connected to boost circuit 4 and is used to output energy storage voltage to boost circuit 4. When the main power supply voltage is normal, energy storage unit 2 stores electrical energy; when the main power supply voltage is detected to be less than the first target voltage for a certain period of time, it outputs energy storage voltage to boost circuit 4.

[0063] The boost circuit 4 is connected to the power output terminal 5 and is used to supply power at the working voltage. It converts the stored voltage into the power supply voltage and provides it to the power output terminal 5. The power supply voltage is used to supply power to the power distribution terminal.

[0064] When the main power supply voltage is normal, the boost circuit 4 does not receive an operating voltage and does not supply power. If the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage for less than the target duration, the boost circuit 4 does not receive an operating voltage and does not supply power. When the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage for the target duration, the boost circuit 4 receives an operating voltage and supplies power, converting the energy storage voltage provided by the energy storage unit 3 into a supply voltage. This supply voltage can be 110V DC. The power output terminal 5 outputs the supply voltage to the power distribution terminal, enabling power supply to the power distribution terminal via the auxiliary power module in the event of a main power supply voltage failure.

[0065] This embodiment sets a charging and discharging strategy for the auxiliary power module. When the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage for a certain period of time, it determines that the main power supply voltage has dropped, and the auxiliary power module supplies power to the distribution terminal. This avoids detecting short-term fluctuations in the main power supply voltage as a power failure, thereby preventing the auxiliary power module from supplying power to the distribution terminal when the main power supply voltage fluctuates for a short time. This reduces the power supply frequency of the auxiliary power module, increases its service life, and improves power supply stability.

[0066] In some embodiments, the energy storage unit 2 includes a battery, which may be any one of a lithium battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, and a lead-acid battery. The battery may have a power rating of several tens of watts.

[0067] Lithium-ion batteries are characterized by high energy density and low cost, nickel-metal hydride batteries can meet the requirements of miniaturization and safety, and lead-acid batteries are highly safe and inexpensive. The appropriate battery should be selected as the energy storage unit based on the actual application requirements.

[0068] Related technologies use supercapacitors as energy storage units, but supercapacitors have short power supply times, which do not meet the power supply requirements of the distribution terminal after the main power supply voltage fails. This embodiment uses a battery as the energy storage unit. After the main power supply voltage fails, the battery supplies power to the distribution terminal, supporting the power supply duration requirement of more than 30 minutes for uploading frozen data from two sampling points of the distribution terminal.

[0069] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the charging circuit 1 includes a voltage input unit 11, a voltage conversion unit 12, and a charging management unit 13. The voltage input unit 11 converts the main power supply voltage into a DC voltage. The voltage conversion unit 12 is connected to the voltage input unit 11 and converts the DC voltage into a first voltage. The charging management unit 13 is connected to the voltage conversion unit 12 and, when the main power supply voltage is normal, provides constant current charging to the energy storage unit 2 using the first voltage.

[0070] When the main power supply voltage is normal, the voltage input unit 11 is connected to the main power supply voltage, which can be a single-phase AC voltage. The voltage input unit 11 performs AC-DC conversion on the main power supply voltage to convert it into DC voltage, and outputs the DC voltage to the voltage conversion unit 12. The voltage conversion unit 11 inputs the DC voltage, converts it into a first voltage, and outputs the first voltage to the charging management unit 13. The charging management unit 13 inputs the first voltage and converts it into a voltage for charging the energy storage unit 2, using a constant current charging method to charge the energy storage unit 2.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the voltage input unit 11 includes a rectifier bridge BD1, a fuse F1, a varistor RV1, a filter inductor L1, a first filter capacitor CX1, a first electrolytic capacitor EC2, a second electrolytic capacitor EC3, a first resistor R9, a second resistor R10, a third resistor R11, and a fourth resistor R13.

[0072] One end of fuse F1 is connected to the live wire ACL of the main power supply voltage. The other end of fuse F1 is connected to one end of varistor RV1 and one end of filter inductor L1. The other end of filter inductor L1 is connected to one end of first filter capacitor CX1 and the first AC terminal AC1 of rectifier bridge BD1. The other end of varistor RV1 is connected to the neutral wire CAN of the main power supply voltage, the other end of first filter capacitor CX1, and the second AC terminal AC2 of rectifier bridge BD1. The positive output terminal V+ of rectifier bridge BD1 is connected to the output terminal VBus and the positive terminal of first electrolytic capacitor EC2. The negative terminal of first electrolytic capacitor EC2 is connected to the positive terminal of second electrolytic capacitor EC3. The negative terminal of second electrolytic capacitor EC3 and the negative output terminal V- of rectifier bridge BD1 are both grounded. The first resistor R9 and the second resistor R10 are connected in series to the positive and negative terminals of first electrolytic capacitor EC2, respectively. The third resistor R11 and the fourth resistor R13 are connected in series to the positive and negative terminals of second electrolytic capacitor EC3, respectively.

[0073] The filter inductor L1 and the first filter capacitor CX1 constitute an EMI filter circuit to filter the main power supply voltage. The rectifier bridge BD1 rectifies the main power supply voltage from AC to pulsating DC. The pulsating DC is filtered into a stable DC voltage by the first electrolytic capacitor EC2 and the second electrolytic capacitor EC3. The first resistor R9, the second resistor R10, the third resistor R11, and the fourth resistor R13 are all voltage-equalizing resistors. The output terminal VBus of the voltage input unit 11 outputs a DC voltage to the voltage conversion unit 12.

[0074] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the voltage conversion unit 12 includes a first transformer T2, a first flyback absorption circuit 121, a charging control circuit 122, a first feedback circuit 123, a first rectifier filter circuit 124, a fourth transistor Q5, and a nineteenth resistor R52.

[0075] One end of the primary coil of the first transformer T2 is connected to the output terminal VBus of the voltage input unit 11 and the first flyback absorption circuit 121, respectively. The other end of the primary coil of the first transformer T2 is connected to the first flyback absorption circuit 121 and the second terminal of the fourth transistor Q5, respectively. The first terminal of the fourth transistor Q5 is grounded through the nineteenth resistor R52. The charging control circuit 122 is connected to the first feedback circuit 123, the control terminal and the first terminal of the fourth transistor Q5, respectively. The first feedback circuit 123 is connected to the first rectifier and filter circuit 124. One end of the secondary coil of the first transformer T2 is connected to the output terminal V1 through the first rectifier and filter circuit 124, and the other end of the secondary coil of the first transformer T2 is grounded.

[0076] Among them, the nineteenth resistor R52 is the primary current sampling resistor. The fourth transistor Q5 can be a MOSFET, the control terminal of the fourth transistor Q5 can be the gate of the MOSFET, the first terminal of the fourth transistor Q5 can be the source of the MOSFET, and the second terminal of the fourth transistor Q5 can be the drain of the MOSFET.

[0077] The charging control circuit 122 controls the on / off state of the fourth transistor Q5. The DC voltage output from the output terminal VBus of the voltage input unit 11 generates a primary high-frequency pulse signal via the fourth transistor Q5. When the fourth transistor Q5 is on, the primary coil of the first transformer T2 is energized by the DC voltage, and the secondary winding of the first transformer T2 is in a reverse-biased cutoff state, so the voltage conversion unit 12 has no voltage output. When the fourth transistor Q5 is off, the energy stored in the primary coil of the first transformer T2 is transferred to the secondary winding and rectified and filtered by the first rectifier and filter circuit 124 to form the first voltage. The output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12 outputs the first voltage to the charging management unit 13.

[0078] In some embodiments, the charging management unit 13 is further configured to stop charging the energy storage unit 2 when the voltage of the energy storage unit 2 reaches a first voltage threshold; and to reduce the charging current of the energy storage unit 2 in the event of a short circuit in the energy storage unit 2.

[0079] The charging management unit 13 charges the energy storage unit 2 with a constant charging current. When the voltage of the energy storage unit 2 reaches the preset constant current charging turn-off voltage, the charging current of the energy storage unit 2 is reduced, so that the energy storage unit 2 enters the maintenance charging state from the constant current charging state. When the voltage of the energy storage unit 2 reaches the charging cut-off voltage, the charging of the energy storage unit 2 is stopped.

[0080] When an overvoltage fault occurs in energy storage unit 2, i.e., when the voltage of energy storage unit 2 reaches the first voltage threshold, the charging management unit 13 stops charging energy storage unit 2, providing undervoltage protection for energy storage unit 2. When a short-circuit fault occurs in energy storage unit 2, the charging current of energy storage unit 2 is reduced, providing short-circuit protection for energy storage unit 2.

[0081] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the charging management unit 13 includes a first transistor Q7, a second transistor Q6, and a charging inductor L4. The charging management unit 13 is also used to periodically control the first transistor Q7 and the second transistor Q6 to simultaneously turn on and off when the energy storage unit 2 is short-circuited. When the first transistor Q7 and the second transistor Q6 are simultaneously on, the charging inductor L4 is charged through a first voltage; when the first transistor Q7 and the second transistor Q6 are simultaneously off, the energy storage unit 2 is charged through the charging inductor L4.

[0082] In this embodiment, when the energy storage unit 2 is short-circuited, the charging current of the energy storage unit 2 can be effectively reduced by periodically controlling the first transistor Q7 and the second transistor Q6 to be turned on and off simultaneously, thus providing short-circuit protection for the energy storage unit 2.

[0083] The circuit topology of the charging management unit 13 can adopt a BOOST boost circuit.

[0084] In some embodiments, the charging management unit 13 further includes a constant current chip U7, a sampling resistor R43, an output capacitor EC7, and a first feedback circuit. The input terminal VIN and the enable terminal CE of the constant current chip U7 are connected to the output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12, respectively. One end of the sampling resistor R43 is connected to the output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12, and the other end of the sampling resistor R43 is connected to the sampling terminal CSN of the constant current chip U7 and the second terminal of the second transistor Q6, respectively. The control terminal of the second transistor Q6 is connected to the first output terminal HDRV of the constant current chip U7, and the first terminal of the second transistor Q6 is connected to one end of the charging inductor L4. The other end of the charging inductor L4 is connected to the second terminal of the first transistor Q7 and the voltage terminal VBAT of the energy storage unit 2, respectively. The control terminal of the first transistor Q7 is connected to the second output terminal LDRV of the constant current chip U7, and the first terminal of the first transistor Q7 is grounded. One end of the first feedback circuit is connected to the energy storage unit 2, and the other end of the first feedback circuit is connected to the feedback terminal FB of the constant current chip U7. One end of the output capacitor EC7 is connected to the voltage terminal VBAT of the energy storage unit 2, and the other end of the output capacitor EC7 is grounded.

[0085] The output capacitor EC7 can be an electrolytic capacitor. The first transistor Q7 can be an NMOS transistor; its control terminal can be the gate, its first terminal can be the source, and its second terminal can be the drain. The second transistor Q6 can be a PMOS transistor; its control terminal can be the gate, its first terminal can be the source, and its second terminal can be the drain.

[0086] The charging management unit 13 also includes a twentieth resistor R49, an eighth diode D8, and a second diode D15. The twentieth resistor R49 is connected between the control terminal of the first transistor Q7 and the first output terminal LDRV of the constant current chip U7; the anode of the eighth diode D8 is grounded, and the cathode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to one end of the charging inductor L4 and the first terminal of the second transistor Q6; the anode of the second diode D15 is connected to the other end of the charging inductor L4 and the second terminal of the first transistor Q7, and the cathode of the second diode D15 is connected to the voltage terminal VBAT of the energy storage unit 2.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first feedback circuit includes a twenty-first resistor R48 and a twenty-second resistor R55. The feedback terminal FB of the constant current chip U7 is connected to one end of the twenty-first resistor R48 and one end of the twenty-second resistor R55, respectively. The other end of the twenty-first resistor R48 is connected to the voltage terminal VBAT of the energy storage unit 2, and the other end of the twenty-second resistor R55 is grounded. Both the twenty-first resistor R48 and the twenty-second resistor R55 are voltage divider resistors.

[0088] During the constant current charging process of the energy storage unit 2 by the charging management unit 13, the first voltage output from the output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12 is connected to the charging management unit 13, and the constant current chip U7 enters the constant current charging state. In the constant current charging state, both the first transistor Q7 and the second transistor Q6 are turned on, the current of the charging inductor L4 increases, and the energy in the output capacitor EC7 is transferred to the energy storage unit 2. The sampling resistor R43 detects the external current. When the inductor current rises to the upper current limit set by the sampling resistor R43, the first transistor Q7 is turned off, the inductor current decreases, and the energy in the charging inductor L4 is transferred to the output capacitor EC7 and the energy storage unit 2. When the inductor current drops to the lower current limit set by the sampling resistor R43, the first transistor Q7 turns on again, and so on, to achieve constant current charging.

[0089] The voltage of energy storage unit 2 is fed back to the feedback terminal FB of constant current chip U7 through voltage division by the twenty-first resistor R48 and the twenty-second resistor R55. When the voltage at the feedback terminal FB reaches the constant current charging turn-off voltage, the charging current is reduced by adjusting the on and off duration of the first transistor Q7, so that energy storage unit 2 enters the sustain charging state from the constant current charging state until the voltage of the energy storage unit reaches the charging cut-off voltage.

[0090] In some embodiments, the power-down detection delay circuit 3 is connected to the voltage input unit 11 and is further used to determine that the duration of the main power supply voltage being less than the first target voltage has reached the target duration when the duration of the DC voltage being less than the second target voltage has reached the target duration.

[0091] The power-down detection delay circuit 3 is connected to the output terminal VBus of the voltage input unit 11. It determines the power-down status of the main power supply by detecting the DC voltage at the output terminal VBus of the voltage input unit 11. If the power-down detection delay circuit 3 detects a normal DC voltage (e.g., the DC voltage is within the first voltage range), it determines that the main power supply voltage is normal. If the power-down detection delay circuit 3 detects that the duration of the DC voltage being less than the second target voltage has not reached the target duration, it determines that the duration of the main power supply voltage being less than the first target voltage has not reached the target duration. If the power-down detection delay circuit 3 detects that the duration of the DC voltage being less than the second target voltage has reached the target duration, it determines that the duration of the main power supply voltage being less than the first target voltage has reached the target duration, and the main power supply voltage is down. The first target voltage and the second target voltage are different.

[0092] In some embodiments, the power-down detection delay circuit 3 is connected to the voltage conversion unit 12 and is further used to determine that the duration of the main power supply voltage being less than the first target voltage has reached the target duration when the duration of the first voltage being less than the third target voltage has reached the target duration.

[0093] The power-down detection delay circuit 3 is connected to the output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12. It determines the power-down status of the main power supply voltage by detecting the first voltage at the output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12. If the power-down detection delay circuit 3 detects that the first voltage is normal (e.g., the first voltage is within the range of the second voltage), it determines that the main power supply voltage is normal. If the power-down detection delay circuit 3 detects that the duration for which the first voltage is less than the third target voltage has not reached the target duration, it determines that the duration for which the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage has not reached the target duration. If the power-down detection delay circuit 3 detects that the duration for which the first voltage is less than the third target voltage has reached the target duration, it determines that the duration for which the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage has reached the target duration, and the main power supply voltage is down. The first target voltage and the third target voltage are different.

[0094] The power failure detection delay circuit 3 in this embodiment can detect the power failure of the main power supply voltage in multiple ways, thereby improving the diversity of detection.

[0095] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the power-down detection delay circuit 3 includes a circuit input terminal VI, a voltage terminal V2, a circuit output terminal VCC1, a voltage detection unit 31, and a delay output unit 32.

[0096] The circuit input terminal VI can be connected to the output terminal VBus of the voltage input unit 11, and the voltage of the circuit input terminal VI is the DC voltage output by the output terminal VBus of the voltage input unit 11; the circuit input terminal VI can also be connected to the output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12, and the voltage of the circuit input terminal VI is the first voltage output by the output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12.

[0097] The voltage detection unit 31 is connected to the circuit input terminal VI and the delay output unit 32 respectively. It is used to provide control voltage to the delay output unit 32 when the voltage of the circuit input terminal VI is normal, and to stop providing control voltage to the delay output unit 32 when the voltage of the circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage.

[0098] The voltage detection unit 31 has its input terminal connected to the circuit input terminal VI, and its output terminal connected to the input terminal of the delay output unit 32. The circuit input terminal VI provides voltage to the voltage detection unit 31, which detects the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI and determines whether it is less than a first target voltage. If the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is greater than or equal to the first target voltage, the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is considered normal, and the voltage detection unit 31 is in a conducting state, outputting a control voltage to the delay output unit 32. If the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage, the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is considered abnormally low. However, this abnormal low voltage may be caused by short-term voltage fluctuations and is not necessarily due to a power outage. In the case of an abnormally low voltage at the circuit input terminal VI, the voltage detection unit 31 is in a turning-off state, ceasing to provide control voltage to the delay output unit 32; that is, the voltage detection unit 31 does not output voltage to the delay output unit 32.

[0099] The delayed output unit 32 is connected to the voltage terminal V2 and the circuit output terminal VCC1 respectively. It is used to provide the working voltage to the circuit output terminal VCC1 according to the voltage of the voltage terminal V2 when the duration of the time when the voltage of the circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage reaches the target duration; when the voltage of the circuit input terminal VI is normal, it stops providing the working voltage to the circuit output terminal VCC1 according to the control voltage; the working voltage is used to control the auxiliary power supply module to supply power to the power distribution terminal.

[0100] The voltage terminal VCCO supplies voltage to the delayed output unit 32. When the voltage detection unit 31 stops supplying control voltage for a target duration, i.e., when the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage for a target duration, it is determined that the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is de-energized. The delayed output unit 32 is then in a conducting state and supplies operating voltage to circuit output terminal VCC1 based on the voltage at voltage terminal V2. The operating voltage output at circuit output terminal VCC1 powers the auxiliary power supply module, enabling the auxiliary power supply module to supply power to the power distribution terminal.

[0101] When the voltage detection unit 31 stops providing control voltage for less than the target duration (i.e., when the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage for less than the target duration), the delay output unit 32 is in a turned-off state, ceasing to provide operating voltage to circuit output terminal VCC1; that is, circuit output terminal VCC1 does not output voltage. When the voltage detection unit 31 provides control voltage (i.e., when the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is normal), the delay output unit 32 is in a turned-off state based on the control voltage, ceasing to provide operating voltage to circuit output terminal VCC1; that is, circuit output terminal VCC1 does not output voltage. When circuit output terminal VCC1 does not output voltage, the auxiliary power supply module cannot provide power, and the auxiliary power supply module does not supply power to the power distribution terminal.

[0102] In this embodiment, the power failure detection delay circuit 3 determines that the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI has failed when the voltage at the circuit input terminal is less than the first target voltage for a period of time that reaches the target duration. This avoids detecting short-term voltage fluctuations as power failures, improves the accuracy of power failure detection, and prevents the auxiliary power supply module from supplying power to the power distribution terminal during short-term voltage fluctuations. This reduces the power supply frequency of the auxiliary power supply module, increases the service life of the auxiliary power supply module, and improves power supply stability.

[0103] In some embodiments, the delayed output unit 32 includes a fifth transistor Q2. The control terminal of the fifth transistor Q2 is connected to the voltage detection unit 31, the first terminal of the fifth transistor Q2 is connected to the voltage terminal V2, and the second terminal of the fifth transistor Q2 is connected to the circuit output terminal VCC1. The fifth transistor Q2 can be a transistor, the control terminal of the fifth transistor Q2 can be the base of the transistor, the first terminal of the fifth transistor Q2 can be the collector of the transistor, and the second terminal of the fifth transistor Q2 can be the emitter of the transistor.

[0104] The delayed output unit 32 is also used to turn on the fifth transistor Q2 when the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage for a period of time that reaches the target duration, so that the voltage terminal V2 is connected to the circuit output terminal VCC1, and to provide the working voltage to the circuit output terminal VCC1 according to the voltage at the voltage terminal V2; when the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is normal, the fifth transistor Q2 is turned off according to the control voltage, so that the voltage terminal V2 is disconnected from the circuit output terminal VCC1, and the working voltage is stopped from being provided to the circuit output terminal VCC1.

[0105] When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage for a period of time that reaches the target duration, it is determined that the voltage at circuit input terminal VI has been de-energized. The voltage detection unit 31 does not output voltage to the delay output unit 32. The voltage at voltage terminal V2 is increased to the control terminal voltage of the fifth transistor Q2 to its threshold voltage. The fifth transistor Q2 is turned on, and voltage terminal V2 is connected to circuit output terminal VCC1. Circuit output terminal VCC1 outputs the working voltage to power the auxiliary power module, enabling the auxiliary power module to supply power to the power distribution terminal.

[0106] When the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage for a period of time that does not reach the target duration, the voltage detection unit 31 does not output voltage to the delay output unit 32, the control terminal voltage of the fifth transistor Q2 is less than its threshold voltage, the fifth transistor Q2 is in the off state, the voltage terminal V2 is disconnected from the circuit output terminal VCC1, and the circuit output terminal VCC1 does not output voltage.

[0107] When the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is normal, the voltage detection unit 31 outputs a control voltage to the delay output unit 32. This control voltage pulls down the control terminal voltage of the fifth transistor Q2, and the fifth transistor Q2 is in the off state. The voltage terminal V2 is disconnected from the circuit output terminal VCC1, and the circuit output terminal VCC1 does not output voltage.

[0108] In some embodiments, the delayed output unit 32 further includes a charging resistor R6 and a charging capacitor C3. One end of the charging capacitor C3 is connected to the control terminal of the fifth transistor Q2, and the other end of the charging capacitor C3 is grounded. One end of the charging resistor R6 is connected to the voltage terminal V2, and the other end of the charging resistor R6 is connected to the control terminal of the fifth transistor Q2. The charging resistor R6 and the charging capacitor C3 constitute an RC charging circuit. The charging capacitor C3 can be an electrolytic capacitor.

[0109] The delayed output unit 32 is also used to charge the charging capacitor C3 through the charging resistor R6 when the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage, thereby increasing the control terminal voltage of the fifth transistor Q2; and to increase the control terminal voltage of the fifth transistor Q2 to its threshold voltage when the charging time of the charging capacitor C3 reaches the target time, thereby turning on the fifth transistor Q2.

[0110] When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage, voltage detection unit 31 does not output voltage to delay output unit 32, the control terminal voltage of the fifth transistor Q2 is 0, and the fifth transistor Q2 is in the off state. The voltage at voltage terminal V2 charges charging capacitor C3 through charging resistor R6, gradually increasing the control terminal voltage of the fifth transistor Q2. When the charging time of charging capacitor C3 reaches the target time, the control terminal voltage of the fifth transistor Q2 rises to its threshold voltage, the fifth transistor Q2 switches from the off state to the on state, voltage terminal V2 is connected to circuit output terminal VCC1, and circuit output terminal VCC1 outputs the operating voltage.

[0111] The target duration T can be adjusted based on the capacitance of the charging capacitor C3 and the resistance of the charging resistor R6, i.e., T = R6 * C3. The capacitance of the charging capacitor C3 can be in the hundreds of microfarads range, and the resistance of the charging resistor R6 can be from tens of kΩ to hundreds of kΩ.

[0112] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the delayed output unit 32 also includes a first Zener diode ZD2, an isolation diode D3, a fourth filter capacitor EC1, and a fifth filter capacitor C4. The control terminal of the fifth transistor Q2 is connected to the voltage detection unit 31. The first terminal of the first transistor Q2 is connected to the voltage terminal V2, and the second terminal of the first transistor Q2 is connected to the positive terminal of the isolation diode D3. The negative terminal of the isolation diode D3 is connected to the circuit output terminal VCC1. One end of the charging resistor R6 is connected to the voltage terminal V2, and the other end of the charging resistor R6 is connected to the control terminal of the fifth transistor Q2 and one end of the charging capacitor C3, respectively. The other end of the charging capacitor C3 is grounded. The Zener diode ZD2 is connected in parallel with the charging capacitor C3. One end of the fourth filter capacitor EC1 is connected to the circuit output terminal VCC1, and the other end of the fourth filter capacitor EC1 is grounded. The fifth filter capacitor C4 is connected in parallel with the fourth filter capacitor EC1.

[0113] The fourth filter capacitor EC1 can be an electrolytic capacitor. The first Zener diode ZD2 is used to prevent the control terminal voltage of the fifth transistor Q2 from being too high.

[0114] In some embodiments, the voltage detection unit 31 is further configured to determine that the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI has returned to normal when the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is greater than the fourth target voltage. When the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is the DC voltage of the output terminal VBus of the voltage input unit 11, the fourth target voltage is greater than the second target voltage; when the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is the first voltage of the output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12, the fourth target voltage is greater than the third target voltage.

[0115] When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is de-energized, the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is 0V. When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is greater than the fourth target voltage, it is determined that the voltage at circuit input terminal VI has returned to normal. The voltage detection unit 31 immediately switches from the off state to the on state, providing control voltage to the delay output unit 32. Based on the control voltage, the delay output unit 32 switches from the on state to the off state, stopping the supply of operating voltage to circuit input terminal VCC1. That is, circuit input terminal VCC1 does not output operating voltage, the auxiliary power supply module cannot supply power, the auxiliary power supply module does not supply power to the power distribution terminal, and the main power supply supplies power to the power distribution terminal.

[0116] It should be noted that the fourth target voltage is greater than the second target voltage / the third target voltage. When the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is stable, that is, when the main power supply voltage is stable, the auxiliary power supply module switches to the main power supply to supply power to the power distribution terminal, ensuring the continuity of power supply to the power distribution terminal and avoiding power interruption that could lead to power distribution terminal shutdown or data loss.

[0117] In some embodiments, the voltage detection unit 31 includes a switching element. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the switching element may include an optocoupler U1; as Figure 6 As shown, the switching element may also include a sixth transistor Q4.

[0118] The voltage detection unit 31 is also used to turn on the switching element to provide control voltage to the delay output unit 32 when the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is normal; and to turn off the switching element to stop providing control voltage to the delay output unit 1 when the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage.

[0119] When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is normal, the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is sufficient to turn on the switching element, and the voltage detection unit 31 is in the on state, providing control voltage to the delayed output unit 32. When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage, the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is insufficient to turn on the switching element, the voltage detection unit 31 is in the off state, and stops providing control voltage to the delayed output unit 32, that is, the voltage detection unit 31 does not output voltage to the delayed output unit 32.

[0120] In some embodiments, the circuit input terminal VI is connected to the output terminal VBus of the voltage input unit 11, and the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is the DC voltage of the output terminal VBus of the voltage input unit 11. Figure 5 As shown, the switching element includes an optocoupler U1, and the voltage detection unit 31 also includes a third diode D4, a sixth filter capacitor C2, a fifth resistor R8, a sixth resistor R7, a seventh resistor R12, and an eighth resistor R14.

[0121] The positive input terminal of optocoupler U1 is connected to circuit input terminal VI via the fifth resistor R8 and the sixth resistor R7 connected in series. The negative input terminal of optocoupler U1 is grounded via the seventh resistor R12 and the eighth resistor R14 connected in series. The positive output terminal of optocoupler U1 is connected to the delay output unit 32, and the negative output terminal of optocoupler U1 is grounded. The negative terminal of the third diode D4 is connected to the positive input terminal of optocoupler U1, and the positive terminal of the third diode D4 is connected to the negative input terminal of optocoupler U1. The sixth filter capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the third diode D4.

[0122] In this circuit, the positive output terminal of optocoupler U1 is connected to the control terminal of the fifth transistor Q2 in the delayed output unit 32. The fifth resistor R8, the sixth resistor R7, the seventh resistor R12, and the eighth resistor R14 are all current-limiting resistors. The sixth filter capacitor C2 serves as a signal filter, and the third diode D4 provides overvoltage protection.

[0123] When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is normal, current flows through the primary-side LED of optocoupler U1, and the secondary-side phototransistor of optocoupler U1 is turned on, allowing current to flow according to the current transfer ratio to provide control voltage to the delayed output unit 32. When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage, no current flows through the primary-side LED of optocoupler U1, and the secondary-side phototransistor of optocoupler U1 is turned off, ceasing to provide control voltage to the delayed output unit 32; that is, the voltage detection unit 31 does not output voltage to the delayed output unit 32.

[0124] In some embodiments, the circuit input terminal VI is connected to the output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12, and the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI is the first voltage at the output terminal V1 of the voltage conversion unit 12. Figure 6 As shown, the switching element includes a sixth transistor Q4, and the voltage detection unit 31 also includes a ninth resistor R25, a tenth resistor R27, and an eleventh resistor R29. The control terminal of the sixth transistor Q4 is connected to the ninth resistor R25 and the tenth resistor R27 respectively. The other end of the ninth resistor R25 is connected to the circuit input terminal VI, and the other end of the tenth resistor R27 is grounded. The first terminal of the second transistor Q4 is connected to the delay output unit 32, and the second terminal of the second transistor Q4 is grounded through the eleventh resistor R29.

[0125] In this configuration, the sixth transistor Q4 can be a bipolar transistor. The control terminal of the sixth transistor Q4 can be the base of the bipolar transistor, the first terminal of the sixth transistor Q4 can be the collector of the bipolar transistor, and the second terminal of the sixth transistor Q4 can be the emitter of the bipolar transistor. The ninth resistor R25 and the tenth resistor R27 are both voltage divider resistors.

[0126] When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is normal, the control terminal voltage of the sixth transistor Q4 reaches its threshold voltage, and the sixth transistor Q4 is in the on state, providing control voltage to the delayed output unit 32. When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is less than the first target voltage, the control terminal voltage of the sixth transistor Q4 does not reach its threshold voltage, and the sixth transistor Q4 is in the off state, ceasing to provide control voltage to the delayed output unit 32; that is, the voltage detection unit 31 does not output voltage to the delayed output unit 32.

[0127] In some embodiments, the voltage detection unit 31 is further configured to release the charging voltage of the charging capacitor C3 when the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI returns to normal.

[0128] When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI is less than the second target voltage / third target voltage, the voltage at voltage terminal V2 charges charging capacitor C3 through charging resistor R6. When the voltage at circuit input terminal VI returns to normal, the charging voltage of charging capacitor C3 needs to be released to reduce the control terminal voltage of fifth transistor Q2, turn off fifth transistor Q2, so that circuit output terminal VCC1 no longer outputs operating voltage, and the auxiliary power supply module no longer supplies power to the power distribution terminal.

[0129] like Figure 5 As shown, when the switching element in the voltage detection unit 31 includes the optocoupler U1, the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI returns to normal, the optocoupler U1 is in a conducting state, stimulating the charging capacitor C3 to slowly discharge. Figure 6 As shown, when the switching element in the voltage detection unit 31 includes the sixth transistor Q4, the voltage at the circuit input terminal VI returns to normal, the sixth transistor Q4 is in the on state, and the charging voltage of the charging capacitor C3 is released through the eleventh resistor R29.

[0130] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the boost circuit 4 includes a first boost unit 41 and a second boost unit 42. The first boost unit 41 is connected to the energy storage unit 2 and is used to convert the stored energy voltage into a second voltage. The power-down detection delay circuit 3 is connected to both the first boost unit 41 and the second boost unit 42, and is also used to output the operating voltage to the second boost unit 42 through the second voltage when the duration during which the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage reaches the target duration. The second boost unit 42 is connected to both the energy storage unit 2 and the power output terminal 5, and is used to supply power at the operating voltage, converting the stored energy voltage into a supply voltage and providing it to the power output terminal 5.

[0131] The first boost unit 41 is connected to the voltage terminal VBAT of the energy storage unit 2 to receive the stored voltage of the energy storage unit 2 and boost the stored voltage to a second voltage. The output terminal of the first boost unit 41 outputs the second voltage. The voltage terminal V2 of the power-down detection delay circuit 3 is connected to the output terminal VCC0 of the first boost unit 41, and the voltage of the voltage terminal V2 of the power-down detection delay circuit 3 is the second voltage of the output terminal VCC0 of the first boost unit 41. The circuit output terminal VCC1 of the power-down detection delay circuit 3 is connected to the second boost unit 42.

[0132] When the power failure detection delay circuit 3 detects that the main power supply voltage is normal, it controls the voltage terminal V2 of the power failure detection delay circuit 3 to disconnect from the circuit output terminal VCC1, stopping the output of the working voltage to the second boost unit 42; when the power failure detection delay circuit 3 detects that the duration of the main power supply voltage being less than the first target voltage has not reached the first target duration, it controls the voltage terminal V2 of the power failure detection delay circuit 3 to disconnect from the circuit output terminal VCC1, stopping the output of the working voltage to the second boost unit 42; when the power failure detection delay circuit 3 detects that the duration of the main power supply voltage being less than the first target voltage has reached the first target duration, it controls the voltage terminal V2 of the power failure detection delay circuit 3 to connect with the circuit output terminal VCC1, outputting the working voltage to the second boost unit 42 through the second voltage.

[0133] The second boost unit 42 is connected to the voltage terminal VBAT of the energy storage unit 2 to receive the energy storage voltage of the energy storage unit 2. When the second boost unit 42 is operating, it converts the energy storage voltage provided by the energy storage unit 3 into a supply voltage. The output terminal VC of the second boost unit 42 is connected to the power output terminal 5 so that the power output terminal 5 outputs the supply voltage to the power distribution terminal, enabling the power distribution terminal to be powered through the auxiliary power module in the event of a main power supply voltage failure.

[0134] In some embodiments, the first boost unit 41 is further configured to stop converting the energy storage voltage into the second voltage when the energy storage voltage is less than the second voltage threshold.

[0135] In the event of a main power supply voltage failure, the auxiliary power module supplies power to the distribution terminal, and energy storage unit 2 is in a discharging state. When the energy storage voltage of energy storage unit 2 is lower than the second voltage threshold, the first boost unit 41 does not operate, the first boost unit 41 does not output the second voltage to the power failure detection delay circuit 3, the power failure detection delay circuit 3 does not output the operating voltage to the second boost unit 42, the second boost unit 42 does not supply power, and the auxiliary power module no longer supplies power to the distribution terminal, thereby achieving undervoltage protection for energy storage unit 2.

[0136] In some embodiments, such as Figures 7 to 9As shown, the first boost unit 41 includes a start-up resistor R21, and the first boost unit 41 is connected to the second boost unit 42 through the start-up resistor R21. The second boost unit 42 is also used to pull down the operating voltage to stop power supply operation when the power output terminal 5 is short-circuited. The first boost unit 41 is also used to charge the second boost unit 42 through the start-up resistor R21 to increase the operating voltage, so that the second boost unit can resume power supply operation.

[0137] In the event of a short circuit at power output terminal 5, the second boost unit 42 lowers its operating voltage to below the minimum startup voltage for short-circuit protection. During this time, the second boost unit 42 does not supply power, meaning it does not output power to power output terminal 5. After the short circuit at power output terminal 5 is cleared, the first boost unit 41 charges the power supply terminal of the second boost unit 42 (which is connected to the operating voltage) through the startup resistor R21. The operating voltage rises again, and the second boost unit 42 resumes power supply operation, providing power to power output terminal 5, thus achieving the short-circuit self-recovery function.

[0138] In some embodiments, such as Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the first boost unit 41 also includes a boost inductor L2, a boost diode D6, a boost chip U2, an enable circuit, and a second feedback circuit; the second boost unit 42 includes a transformer (i.e., the second transformer T3), a flyback absorption circuit (i.e., the second flyback absorption circuit 421), a boost control circuit 423, a third transistor Q8, and a third feedback circuit 424.

[0139] The voltage terminal VBAT of energy storage unit 2 is connected to the secondary winding T3B2 of the second transformer T3 via a series boost inductor L2, boost diode D6, and starting resistor R21. The input terminal IN and control terminal SW of boost chip U2 are connected to the two ends of boost inductor L2, respectively. The enable terminal EN of boost chip U2 is connected to the voltage terminal VBAT of energy storage unit 2 via an enable circuit. The feedback terminal FB of boost chip U2 is connected to the negative terminal of boost diode D6 via a second feedback circuit.

[0140] One end of the primary coil T3A of the second transformer T3 is connected to the voltage terminal VBAT of the energy storage unit 2 and the second flyback absorption circuit 421, respectively. The other end of the primary coil T3A of the second transformer T3 is connected to the second flyback absorption circuit 421 and the second terminal of the third transistor Q8, respectively. The boost control circuit 423 is connected to the circuit output terminal VCC1 of the power failure detection delay circuit 3, the third feedback circuit 424 and the control terminal and the first terminal of the third transistor Q8, respectively. The primary coil T3B1 of the second transformer T3 and the third feedback circuit 424 are connected to the power output terminal 5, respectively.

[0141] In some embodiments, the second boost unit 42 further includes a second rectifier-filter circuit 425, a twelfth resistor R44, a third filter capacitor C7, and a fourth diode D7. One end of the primary winding T3B1 of the second transformer T3 and the third feedback circuit 424 are respectively connected to the output terminal VC of the second boost unit 42 via the second rectifier-filter circuit 425. The output terminal VC of the second boost unit 42 is connected to the power output terminal 5. The other end of the primary winding T3B1 of the second transformer T3 is grounded. The first terminal of the third transistor Q8 is grounded via one end of the twelfth resistor R44.

[0142] One end of the secondary winding T3B2 of the second transformer T3 is connected to the positive terminal of the fourth diode D7, and the negative terminal of the fourth diode D7 is connected to the output terminal VCC0 of the first boost unit 41. The other end of the secondary winding T3B2 of the second transformer T3 is grounded. One end of the third filter capacitor C7 is connected to the output terminal VCC0 of the first boost unit 41, and the other end of the third filter capacitor C7 is grounded.

[0143] Among them, the twelfth resistor R44 is the primary current sampling resistor. The third transistor Q8 can be a MOSFET, the control terminal of the third transistor Q8 can be the gate of the MOSFET, the first terminal of the third transistor Q8 can be the source of the MOSFET, and the second terminal of the third transistor Q8 can be the drain of the MOSFET.

[0144] The main circuit topology of the second boost unit 42 adopts a flyback circuit topology. The energy storage voltage of the energy storage unit 2 is connected to the second boost unit 42, and a primary high-frequency pulse signal is generated by the third transistor Q8. The boost control circuit 423 controls the conduction and cutoff of the third transistor Q8. When the third transistor Q8 is turned on, the primary coil T3A of the second transformer T3 is energized by the energy storage voltage. At this time, the secondary winding of the second transformer T3 is in a reverse bias cutoff state and does not output a supply voltage. After the third transistor Q8 is turned off, the energy stored in the primary coil T3A of the second transformer T3 is transferred to the secondary winding and outputs a supply voltage to the output terminal VC of the second boost unit 42 through the second rectifier and filter circuit 425.

[0145] In some embodiments, the first boost unit 41 further includes a fifth diode D5 and a first capacitor C5. The fifth diode D5 is connected between the start-up resistor R21 and the output terminal VCC0 of the first boost unit 41; one end of the first capacitor C5 is connected to the voltage terminal VBAT of the energy storage unit 2, and the other end of the first capacitor C5 is grounded.

[0146] The enabling circuit includes a thirteenth resistor R16, a fourteenth resistor R18, a fifteenth resistor R20, and a second capacitor C8. The enable terminal EN of the boost chip U2 is connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor R16 and one end of the fourteenth resistor R18, respectively. The other end of the thirteenth resistor R16 is grounded, and the other end of the fourteenth resistor R18 is connected to the voltage terminal VBAT of the energy storage unit 2. The fifteenth resistor R20 and the second capacitor C8 are connected in parallel with the fourteenth resistor R18.

[0147] The second feedback circuit includes a sixteenth resistor R15, a seventeenth resistor R17, an eighteenth resistor R19, and a third capacitor C6. The feedback terminal FB of the boost chip U2 is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R15, one end of the seventeenth resistor R17, and one end of the eighteenth resistor R19, respectively. The other end of the sixteenth resistor R15 is connected to the negative terminal of the boost diode D6, and the other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 and the other end of the eighteenth resistor R19 are grounded. One end of the third capacitor C6 is connected to the negative terminal of the boost diode D6, and the other end of the third capacitor C6 is grounded.

[0148] In this circuit, the first capacitor C5 is the input filter capacitor, the third capacitor C6 is the output filter capacitor, and the fifth diode D5 is the isolation diode. The energy storage voltage of energy storage unit 2 is boosted to the supply voltage via boost inductor L2 and boost diode D6. When the energy storage voltage of energy storage unit 2 is greater than or equal to the second voltage threshold, boost chip U2 is enabled, and the output terminal VCC0 of the first boost unit 41 outputs the supply voltage; when the energy storage voltage of energy storage unit 2 is less than the second voltage threshold, the first boost unit 41 does not work, and the output terminal VCC0 of the first boost unit 41 does not output the supply voltage, thereby achieving the purpose of undervoltage protection for energy storage unit 2.

[0149] Furthermore, after the boost circuit 4 starts normally, the output terminal VCC0 of the first boost unit 41 is connected to the secondary coil of the second transformer T3, which supplies power to the chip. When the power output terminal 5 is short-circuited, the boost control circuit 423 pulls down the supply voltage to below the minimum startup voltage, and the second boost unit 42 stops supplying power, thus achieving short-circuit protection. After the short circuit at the power output terminal 5 is cleared, the first boost unit 4 charges the chip's power supply terminal through the startup resistor R21, increasing the supply voltage, and the second boost unit 42 resumes power supply operation, thereby achieving the short-circuit self-recovery function.

[0150] In some embodiments, the auxiliary power module further includes an AC reverse current protection circuit 6. The AC reverse current protection circuit 6 is connected between the boost circuit 4 and the power output terminal 5, and is used to be in a conducting state when the boost circuit 4 outputs a supply voltage, providing the supply voltage to the power output terminal 5; and in a turning-off state when an AC voltage is input to the power output terminal 5, disconnecting the boost circuit 4 from the power output terminal 5.

[0151] The auxiliary power module in this embodiment also has the function of preventing AC reverse current flow. It can effectively suppress the surge current at the moment of reverse connection when AC voltage is injected into the current output terminal 5, thereby ensuring that the components in the auxiliary power module are not damaged.

[0152] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the AC reverse current protection circuit 6 includes a voltage input terminal, a voltage output terminal, a first reverse current protection unit 61, and a second reverse current protection unit 62. The voltage input terminal includes a positive input terminal VC+ and a negative input terminal VC-, and the voltage output terminal includes a positive output terminal VOUT+ and a negative output terminal VOUT-.

[0153] The voltage input terminal of the anti-AC reverse current circuit 6 is connected to the second boost unit 42. When the output terminal VC of the second boost unit 42 outputs the supply voltage, the voltage input to the voltage input terminal of the anti-AC reverse current circuit 6 is the supply voltage. The voltage output terminal of the anti-AC reverse current circuit 6 is connected to the power output terminal 5.

[0154] The first anti-reverse current unit 61 is connected to the positive input terminal VC+ and the positive output terminal VOUT+ respectively. It is used to be in the conducting state when a voltage is input to the voltage input terminal; and in the off state when a positive AC voltage is input to the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a negative AC voltage is input to the negative output terminal VOUT-, so as to disconnect the positive input terminal VC+ and the positive output terminal VOUT+.

[0155] The second anti-reverse current unit 62 is connected to the negative input terminal VC- and the negative output terminal VOUT- respectively. The second anti-reverse current unit 62 is also connected to the positive input terminal VC+ or the positive output terminal VOUT+. It is used to be in the conducting state when a voltage is input to the voltage input terminal; and in the off state when a negative AC voltage is input to the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a positive AC voltage is input to the negative output terminal VOUT-, so that the negative input terminal VC- and the negative output terminal VOUT- are disconnected.

[0156] When the voltage input terminal is connected (i.e., the supply voltage), the positive input terminal VC+ receives a positive DC voltage, and the negative input terminal VC- is grounded. The first anti-reverse current unit 61 and the second anti-reverse current unit 62 are both in the conducting state, so that the positive input terminal VC+, the negative input terminal VC-, the positive output terminal VOUT+, and the negative output terminal VOUT- are connected. The anti-AC reverse current circuit 6 is in the conducting state, providing the supply voltage of the voltage input terminal to the voltage output terminal, so that the power output terminal 5 outputs the supply voltage to supply power to the power distribution terminal.

[0157] When AC power is input at the voltage output terminal, if a positive AC voltage is input at the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a negative AC voltage is input at the negative output terminal VOUT-, the first anti-reverse current unit 61 is in the off state, disconnecting the positive input terminal VC+ and the positive output terminal VOUT+ to prevent AC power from the voltage output terminal from being transmitted to the voltage input terminal, i.e., preventing AC power backflow. If a negative AC voltage is input at the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a positive AC voltage is input at the negative output terminal VOUT-, the second anti-reverse current unit 62 is in the off state, disconnecting the negative input terminal VC- and the negative output terminal VOUT- to prevent AC power from the voltage output terminal from being transmitted to the voltage input terminal, i.e., preventing AC power backflow and avoiding damage to the auxiliary power supply module. The AC power can be 220V or 380V AC.

[0158] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the first anti-reverse current unit 61 includes an anti-reverse current diode D1. The positive terminal of the anti-reverse current diode D1 is connected to the positive input terminal VC+, and the negative terminal of the anti-reverse current diode D1 is connected to the positive output terminal VC-.

[0159] When the power supply voltage is input at the voltage input terminal, the positive input terminal VC+ receives a positive DC voltage, and the negative input terminal VC- is grounded. The anti-reverse current diode D1 is turned on, and the first anti-reverse current unit 61 is in the on state. When AC power is input at the voltage output terminal, if the positive output terminal VOUT+ receives a positive AC voltage and the negative output terminal VOUT- receives a negative AC voltage, the anti-reverse current diode D1 is turned off, and the first anti-reverse current unit 61 is in the off state, disconnecting the positive input terminal VC+ from the positive output terminal VOUT+ to prevent AC reverse current flow. If the positive output terminal VOUT+ receives a negative AC voltage and the negative output terminal VOUT- receives a positive AC voltage, the anti-reverse current diode D1 can conduct, and the first anti-reverse current unit 61 is in the on state, but the second anti-reverse current unit 62 is in the off state to prevent AC reverse current flow.

[0160] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown, the second anti-reverse current unit 62 includes a seventh transistor Q1 and a thermistor PTC1. The control terminal of the seventh transistor Q1 is connected to the positive input terminal VC+, the first terminal of the seventh transistor Q1 is connected to the negative input terminal VC-, the second terminal of the seventh transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the thermistor PTC1, and the other end of the thermistor PTC1 is connected to the negative output terminal VOUT-. The seventh transistor Q1 can be a MOSFET with an internal diode, the control terminal of the seventh transistor Q1 can be the gate of the MOSFET, the first terminal of the seventh transistor Q1 can be the source of the MOSFET, and the second terminal of the seventh transistor Q1 can be the drain of the MOSFET.

[0161] The second anti-reverse current unit 62 is also used to turn on the seventh transistor Q1 when the power supply voltage is input at the voltage input terminal, so that the second anti-reverse current unit 62 is in the conducting state; when a negative AC voltage is input at the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a positive AC voltage is input at the negative output terminal VOUT-, the resistance value of the thermistor PTC1 is increased, and the seventh transistor Q1 is turned off, so that the negative input terminal VC- and the negative output terminal VOUT- are disconnected.

[0162] When the supply voltage is input at the voltage input terminal, the positive input terminal VC+ receives a positive DC voltage, and the negative input terminal VC- is grounded, turning on the seventh transistor Q1 and putting the second anti-reverse current protection unit 62 into the on state. When AC voltage is input at the voltage output terminal, if the positive output terminal VOUT+ receives a positive AC voltage and the negative output terminal VOUT- receives a negative AC voltage, the anti-reverse current protection diode D1 is turned off, preventing current from flowing into the second anti-reverse current protection unit 62 and preventing AC reverse current flow; if the positive output terminal VOUT+ receives a negative AC voltage and the negative output terminal VOUT- receives a positive AC voltage, a large current flows through the seventh transistor Q1 instantaneously, causing the thermistor PTC1 to heat up severely after the large current flows, and the resistance of the thermistor PTC1 rises sharply. At the same time, since the control terminal voltage of the seventh transistor Q1 does not reach its threshold voltage, the seventh transistor Q1 is turned off, and the second anti-reverse current protection unit 62 is in the off state, disconnecting the negative input terminal VC- and the negative output terminal VOUT- and preventing AC reverse current flow.

[0163] In some embodiments, the second anti-backflow unit 62 further includes a twenty-third resistor R4, a twenty-fourth resistor R3, a twenty-fifth resistor R5, a second filter capacitor C1, and a second Zener diode ZD1.

[0164] The control terminal of the seventh transistor Q1 is connected to one end of the twenty-third resistor R4. The other end of the twenty-third resistor R4 is connected to one end of the twenty-fourth resistor R3 and one end of the twenty-fifth resistor R5. The other end of the twenty-fourth resistor R3 is connected to the positive input terminal VC+. The other end of the twenty-fifth resistor R5 is connected to the negative input terminal VC- and the first terminal of the seventh transistor Q1. The second terminal of the seventh transistor Q1 is connected to the negative output terminal VOUT- via the thermistor PTC1. The second filter capacitor C1 and the second Zener diode ZD1 are connected in parallel with the twenty-fifth resistor R5.

[0165] Among them, the twenty-third resistor R4 is the current-limiting resistor for the control terminal of the seventh transistor Q1, the twenty-fourth resistor R3 and the twenty-fifth resistor R5 are both voltage divider resistors, and the second Zener diode ZD1 is used to ensure that the control terminal of the seventh transistor Q1 does not experience an overvoltage fault.

[0166] In some embodiments, such as Figure 11As shown, the second anti-backflow unit 62 includes a relay K1. The two ends of the contacts of the relay K1 are connected to the negative input terminal VC- and the negative output terminal VOUT-, respectively, and the two ends of the coil of the relay K1 are connected to the positive output terminal VOUT+ and the negative output terminal VOUT-, respectively.

[0167] The second anti-reverse current unit 62 is also used to control the contacts of relay K1 to close when a power supply voltage is input at the voltage input terminal, so that the second anti-reverse current unit 62 is in a conducting state; and to control the contacts of relay K1 to open when a negative AC voltage is input at the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a positive AC voltage is input at the negative output terminal VOUT-, so that the negative input terminal VC- and the negative output terminal VOUT- are disconnected.

[0168] When the power supply voltage is input at the voltage input terminal, the positive input terminal VC+ receives a positive DC voltage, the negative input terminal VC- is grounded, the positive output terminal VOUT+ outputs a positive voltage, and the negative output terminal VOUT- outputs a negative voltage. The voltage difference between the positive output terminal VOUT+ and the negative output terminal VOUT- is applied to the coil of relay K1, causing the contacts of relay K1 to close and the second anti-reverse current unit 62 to be in the conducting state. When AC power is input at the voltage output terminal, if the positive output terminal VOUT+ receives a positive AC voltage and the negative output terminal VOUT- receives a negative AC voltage, the anti-reverse current diode D1 is turned off, preventing current from flowing into the second anti-reverse current unit 62 and preventing AC reverse current flow; if the positive output terminal VOUT+ receives a negative AC voltage and the negative output terminal VOUT- receives a positive AC voltage, no voltage is applied to the coil of relay K1, the contacts of relay K1 are open, the second anti-reverse current unit 62 is in the off state, disconnecting the negative input terminal VC- and the negative output terminal VOUT- and preventing AC reverse current flow.

[0169] In some embodiments, the second anti-backflow unit 62 further includes a twenty-sixth resistor R34, a freewheeling diode D12, and a sixth diode D14.

[0170] The two ends of the contacts of relay K1 are connected to the negative input terminal VC- and the negative output terminal VOUT-, respectively. The two ends of the coil of relay K1 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of freewheeling diode D12, respectively. The positive terminal of the sixth diode D14 is connected to the positive terminal of freewheeling diode D12, and the negative terminal of the sixth diode D14 is connected to the negative output terminal VOUT-. One end of the twenty-sixth resistor R34 is connected to the negative terminal of freewheeling diode D12, and the other end of the twenty-sixth resistor R34 is connected to the positive output terminal VOUT+.

[0171] In some embodiments, the anti-AC reverse current circuit further includes an alarm unit 3. The first anti-AC reverse current unit 61 is also configured to be in a conducting state when a negative AC voltage is input to the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a positive AC voltage is input to the negative output terminal VOUT-. The alarm unit 2 is connected to the positive input terminal VC+, the negative output terminal VOUT-, and the first anti-AC reverse current unit 61, respectively, and is configured to issue an alarm when a negative AC voltage is input to the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a positive AC voltage is input to the negative output terminal VOUT-.

[0172] When a voltage is input at the voltage input terminal, with a positive DC voltage input at the positive input terminal VC+ and grounded at the negative input terminal VC-, alarm unit 3 will not trigger an alarm. When an AC voltage is input at the voltage output terminal, if a positive AC voltage is input at the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a negative AC voltage is input at the negative output terminal VOUT-, the first anti-reverse current unit 61 will be in the off state, preventing current from flowing into alarm unit 3, and alarm unit 3 will not trigger an alarm; if a negative AC voltage is input at the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a positive AC voltage is input at the negative output terminal VOUT-, alarm unit 3 will trigger an alarm.

[0173] In some embodiments, the alarm unit 3 includes a light-emitting unit. The alarm unit 3 is also configured to control the light-emitting unit to emit light to trigger an alarm when a negative AC voltage is input to the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a positive AC voltage is input to the negative output terminal VOUT-.

[0174] When a voltage is input at the voltage input terminal, with a positive DC voltage input at the positive input terminal VC+ and a grounded negative input terminal VC-, the first anti-reverse current protection unit 61 is in the on state. The light-emitting unit in alarm unit 3 is short-circuited, so it does not emit light, and alarm unit 3 does not issue an alarm. When an AC voltage is input at the voltage output terminal, if a positive AC voltage is input at the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a negative AC voltage is input at the negative output terminal VOUT-, the first anti-reverse current protection unit 61 is in the off state. Current cannot flow into alarm unit 3, so the light-emitting unit does not emit light, and alarm unit 3 does not issue an alarm. If a negative AC voltage is input at the positive output terminal VOUT+ and a positive AC voltage is input at the negative output terminal VOUT-, the first anti-reverse current protection unit 61 is in the on state. The light-emitting unit in alarm unit 3 is on, emits light, and alarm unit 3 issues an alarm.

[0175] In some embodiments, the light-emitting unit includes a light-emitting diode LED1, and the alarm unit 3 further includes a seventh diode D2, a twenty-seventh resistor R2, and a twenty-eighth resistor R1.

[0176] The positive terminal of LED1 is connected to the negative output terminal VOUT-, and the negative terminal of LED1 is connected to the positive input terminal VC+ and the first anti-reverse current unit 61 via the series resistors R2 and R1. The positive terminal of the seventh diode D2 is connected to the negative terminal of LED1, and the negative terminal of the seventh diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of LED1.

[0177] In the case where the first anti-reverse current unit 61 includes an anti-reverse current diode D1, the negative terminal of the light-emitting diode LED1 is connected to the positive input terminal VC+ and the positive terminal of the anti-reverse current diode D1 via a series connection of the twenty-seventh resistor R2 and the twenty-eighth resistor R1, respectively. Both the twenty-seventh resistor R2 and the twenty-eighth resistor R1 are current-limiting resistors, limiting the current flowing through the light-emitting diode LED1. The seventh diode D2 is used to short-circuit the light-emitting diode LED1 when a voltage is applied to the voltage input terminal.

[0178] According to the auxiliary power module provided in the embodiments of this application, the charging circuit charges the energy storage unit using the main power supply voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal. The power failure detection delay circuit determines that the main power supply voltage has failed when the duration for which the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage reaches the target duration. The boost circuit converts the energy storage voltage of the energy storage unit into the supply voltage to supply power to the power distribution terminal, thereby avoiding the detection of short-term fluctuations in the main power supply voltage as a power failure. This prevents the auxiliary power module from supplying power to the power distribution terminal when the main power supply voltage fluctuates for a short time, thus improving the service life of the auxiliary power module and enhancing the stability of the power supply.

[0179] Furthermore, in the event of an overvoltage fault in energy storage unit 2, undervoltage protection is provided. In the event of a short-circuit fault in energy storage unit 2, short-circuit protection is provided. When the voltage of energy storage unit 2 is low, power supply to the distribution terminal is stopped to prevent over-discharge of energy storage unit 2. In the event of a short-circuit fault at power output terminal 5, short-circuit protection is provided for the auxiliary power module, and it can self-recover after the short circuit at power output terminal 5 is cleared. When AC voltage is connected to power output terminal 5, AC backflow is prevented, and an alarm is triggered.

[0180] In addition, the auxiliary power module is housed in the power supply box and can be installed at the end of the meter in the power distribution terminal. Existing terminal equipment can be upgraded by modifying the meter cover. Installation is simple and requires no changes to the original wiring or modifications to the terminal. The power supply box measures 147mm × 27mm, meeting the requirement for miniaturization. It is also waterproof and removable for easy maintenance.

[0181] Accordingly, this application also provides a power distribution system.

[0182] The power distribution system provided in this application includes an auxiliary power module and a power distribution terminal. The auxiliary power module is the same as the one described in the previous embodiment. The power distribution terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the auxiliary power module and is used to supply power from the main power supply voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal; and to supply power from the supply voltage output by the auxiliary power module when the main power supply voltage is less than a first target voltage for a target duration. The power distribution terminal may include at least one of a dedicated transformer terminal and a metering device (such as a three-phase meter).

[0183] The power distribution terminal includes a main power supply terminal and an auxiliary power supply terminal. The main power supply terminal is connected to the main power supply voltage, and the auxiliary power supply terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the auxiliary power supply module. When the main power supply voltage is normal, the main power supply voltage supplies power to the power distribution terminal through the main power supply terminal. When the main power supply voltage is lower than the first target voltage for the target duration, the auxiliary power supply module determines that the main power supply voltage has failed. The auxiliary power supply module then outputs a supply voltage to the power distribution terminal through the auxiliary power supply terminal to supply power to the power distribution terminal, enabling the power distribution terminal to continue operating and complete tasks such as reporting power outage events and transmitting time-of-use power consumption data.

[0184] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and are not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more.

[0185] In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more.

[0186] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0187] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An auxiliary power module, characterized by Includes charging circuit, energy storage unit, power failure detection delay circuit, boost circuit and power output terminal; The charging circuit is connected to the energy storage unit and is used to charge the energy storage unit with the main power supply voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal. The power failure detection delay circuit is connected to the charging circuit and the boost circuit respectively, and is used to output the working voltage to the boost circuit when the duration of the main power supply voltage being less than the first target voltage reaches the target duration; The energy storage unit is connected to the boost circuit and is used to output energy storage voltage to the boost circuit. The boost circuit is connected to the power output terminal and is used to supply power under the operating voltage, so as to convert the energy storage voltage into a power supply voltage and provide it to the power output terminal. The power supply voltage is used to supply power to the power distribution terminal.

2. The auxiliary power supply module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging circuit includes a voltage input unit, a voltage conversion unit, and a charging management unit; The voltage input unit is used to convert the main power supply voltage into DC voltage; The voltage conversion unit is connected to the voltage input unit and is used to convert the DC voltage into a first voltage; The charging management unit is connected to the voltage conversion unit and is used to charge the energy storage unit with constant current through the first voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal.

3. The auxiliary power supply module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power failure detection delay circuit is connected to the voltage input unit and is also used to determine that the main power supply voltage has been less than the first target voltage for a target duration when the duration of the DC voltage being less than the second target voltage reaches the target duration. Alternatively, the power-down detection delay circuit is connected to the voltage conversion unit and is further configured to determine that the duration during which the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage has reached the target duration when the duration during which the first voltage is less than the third target voltage has reached the target duration.

4. The auxiliary power supply module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charging management unit is also used to stop charging the energy storage unit when the voltage of the energy storage unit reaches a first voltage threshold; and to reduce the charging current of the energy storage unit in the event of a short circuit in the energy storage unit.

5. The auxiliary power supply module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The charging management unit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, and a charging inductor; The charging management unit is also used to periodically control the first transistor and the second transistor to be turned on and off simultaneously when the energy storage unit is short-circuited. When the first transistor and the second transistor are turned on simultaneously, the charging inductor is charged through the first voltage. When the first transistor and the second transistor are turned off simultaneously, the energy storage unit is charged through the charging inductor.

6. The auxiliary power supply module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The charging management unit also includes a constant current chip, a sampling resistor, an output capacitor, and a first feedback circuit; The input and enable terminals of the constant current chip are respectively connected to the voltage conversion unit. One end of the sampling resistor is connected to the voltage conversion unit, and the other end of the sampling resistor is respectively connected to the sampling terminal of the constant current chip and the second terminal of the second transistor. The control terminal of the second transistor is connected to the first output terminal of the constant current chip. The first terminal of the second transistor is connected to one end of the charging inductor. The other end of the charging inductor is respectively connected to the second terminal of the first transistor and the energy storage unit. The control terminal of the first transistor is connected to the second output terminal of the constant current chip, and the first terminal of the first transistor is grounded. One end of the first feedback circuit is connected to the energy storage unit, and the other end of the first feedback circuit is connected to the feedback terminal of the constant current chip. One end of the output capacitor is connected to the energy storage unit, and the other end of the output capacitor is grounded.

7. The auxiliary power supply module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The boost circuit includes a first boost unit and a second boost unit; The first boost unit is connected to the energy storage unit and is used to convert the energy storage voltage into a second voltage; The power failure detection delay circuit is connected to the first boost unit and the second boost unit respectively, and is also used to output the operating voltage to the second boost unit through the second voltage when the duration during which the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage reaches the target duration; The second boost unit is connected to the energy storage unit and the power output terminal respectively, and is used to supply power under the operating voltage, so as to convert the energy storage voltage into the power supply voltage and provide it to the power output terminal.

8. The auxiliary power supply module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first boost unit is also configured to stop converting the energy storage voltage into the second voltage when the energy storage voltage is less than the second voltage threshold.

9. The auxiliary power supply module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first boost unit includes a start-up resistor, and the first boost unit is connected to the second boost unit through the start-up resistor; The second boost unit is also used to pull down the operating voltage to stop power supply in the event of a short circuit at the power output terminal; The first boost unit is also used to charge the second boost unit through the start-up resistor to increase the operating voltage and restore the second boost unit to power supply operation.

10. The auxiliary power supply module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first boost unit further includes a boost inductor, a boost diode, a boost chip, an enable circuit, and a second feedback circuit; the second boost unit includes a transformer, a flyback absorption circuit, a boost control circuit, a third transistor, and a third feedback circuit. The energy storage unit is connected to the second-stage coil of the transformer via the boost inductor, the boost diode, and the starting resistor connected in series; the input and control terminals of the boost chip are respectively connected to the two ends of the boost inductor; the enable terminal of the boost chip is connected to the energy storage unit via the enable circuit; and the feedback terminal of the boost chip is connected to the negative terminal of the boost diode via the second feedback circuit. One end of the primary coil of the transformer is connected to the energy storage unit and the flyback absorption circuit, and the other end of the primary coil of the transformer is connected to the flyback absorption circuit and the second terminal of the third transistor. The boost control circuit is connected to the power failure detection delay circuit, the third feedback circuit, and the control terminal and the first terminal of the third transistor. The primary coil of the transformer and the third feedback circuit are connected to the power output terminal.

11. The auxiliary power supply module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary power module also includes an AC backflow prevention circuit; The anti-AC reverse current circuit is connected between the boost circuit and the power output terminal, and is used to be in the conducting state when the boost circuit outputs the power supply voltage, so as to provide the power supply voltage to the power output terminal. When an AC voltage is input to the power output terminal, the circuit is in the off state, thus disconnecting the boost circuit from the power output terminal.

12. The auxiliary power supply module according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The energy storage unit includes a battery, which includes any one of lithium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and lead-acid batteries.

13. A power distribution system, characterized in that, include: The auxiliary power module as described in any one of claims 1-12; The power distribution terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the auxiliary power module and is used to supply power from the main power supply voltage when the main power supply voltage is normal. When the duration during which the main power supply voltage is less than the first target voltage reaches the target duration, the power supply voltage output by the auxiliary power supply module provides power.

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