A sliding device for a plate stair
By introducing a raised base, a sliding limit mechanism, and an anti-collision buffer component into the stair sliding device, the problem of stair treads easily falling off during earthquakes is solved, ensuring safe sliding of stair treads and unobstructed escape routes, and enhancing the seismic performance of the stair structure.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA WUZHOU ENG GRP
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
In the event of a strong earthquake, the existing stair sliding supports are prone to causing the stair treads to fall along the width of the treads, thus blocking the escape route.
Design a sliding device for a slab staircase, including a raised base, a sliding limit mechanism, and an anti-collision buffer assembly. The limit groove is formed by the cantilever support plate of the stair beam and the blocking block. The sliding support and the anti-collision buffer assembly restrict the horizontal sliding of the stair slab and prevent it from falling.
It effectively prevents stair slabs from falling due to excessive displacement, improves the seismic safety of staircase structures, ensures unobstructed escape routes, reduces earthquake response, and protects stair beams and retaining blocks from brittle damage.
Smart Images
Figure CN224300322U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of industrial and civil building technology, specifically to a sliding device for a slab staircase. Background Technology
[0002] Earthquake disaster results show that structural damage to stairwells is quite common. This is primarily due to the "scissor bracing" effect of staircases. Staircases have high lateral stiffness, and the "scissor bracing" effect is a major factor adversely affecting the stiffness and regularity of the main structure. During an earthquake, stress concentration occurs in the stairwell area, leading to tensile and compressive failure of stair slabs, shear and torsional failure of stair beams, bending or shear failure of stair columns, and shear failure of the main structural frame columns directly connected to the staircase structure. When an earthquake occurs, the staircase is the only escape route; therefore, staircase design is crucial to improving the seismic safety of the building structure. A common practice is to install sliding supports at the lower end of the stair slabs, connected to the lower stair beams or cantilever slabs. This allows for horizontal displacement between the stair slabs and beams during an earthquake, effectively releasing localized stress concentration, reducing damage to staircase components, mitigating the "scissor bracing" effect, and reducing adverse effects on the main structure.
[0003] Chinese utility model patent CN219528207U discloses a stair sliding support installed between a platform slab and a stair slab. The platform slab and stair slab are cast in one piece to meet seismic design requirements. However, the stair slab is placed directly on the platform slab, with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) plate and embedded steel plate in between. During an earthquake, the platform slab and stair slab experience relative displacement, including displacement along the X and Y directions. The X direction is the width of the stair treads, and the Y direction is the length of the stair treads. Since the width of the stair treads is less than their length, under high earthquake intensity, the lower end of the stair slab risks significant displacement along the X direction and potentially falling off the platform slab. If the stair slab falls, the stair structure will be damaged, and escape routes will be blocked during an earthquake. Therefore, designing a fall-prevention stair sliding device is essential. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a sliding device for slab stairs to solve the risk of stair slabs with sliding supports falling along the width of the treads during earthquakes with high intensity.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0006] A sliding device for a slab staircase, comprising:
[0007] A raised base is provided at the bottom end of the first step plate at the lower end of the ladder plate;
[0008] A sliding limiting mechanism includes a ladder beam cantilever support plate, a first blocking block, a sliding support, and an anti-collision buffer assembly. The ladder beam is provided with a ladder beam cantilever support plate on its outer side along a first direction. A first blocking block is provided on the outer side of the ladder beam cantilever support plate along the first direction. The top surface of the ladder beam cantilever support plate is lower than the top surfaces of the ladder beam and the first blocking block, so that a limiting groove is formed between the ladder beam, the ladder beam cantilever support plate, and the first blocking block. A protruding base is located within the limiting groove, and a sliding support is provided between the protruding base and the ladder beam cantilever support plate. Anti-collision buffer assemblies are provided between the protruding base and the ladder beam, and between the protruding base and the first blocking block. The width of the protruding base along the first direction is less than the width of the limiting groove, and the protruding base is located in the middle of the limiting groove to reserve space for the protruding base to reciprocate along the first direction, where the first direction is the width direction of the step plate. With the above settings, when an earthquake occurs, the displacement of the ladder board sliding in the first direction is limited by the first blocking block, preventing the ladder board from falling in the first direction due to excessive displacement.
[0009] Furthermore, the sliding support includes a first plate and a second plate; the first plate is disposed on the bottom end face of the raised base, and the second plate is disposed on the top surface of the cantilever support plate of the ladder beam and is covered with limiting grooves, forming a sliding surface between the first plate and the second plate. When an earthquake occurs, the first plate and the second plate slide against each other due to vibration, which is used to dissipate earthquake energy and reduce earthquake response.
[0010] Furthermore, the first and second layers are made of high-strength steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pads.
[0011] Furthermore, the anti-collision buffer assembly includes an auxiliary limiting layer and an anti-collision layer; the anti-collision layer is disposed on the outer side of the ladder beam along the first direction and the inner wall of the first blocking block, and the auxiliary limiting layer is filled between the anti-collision layer and the protruding support. When an earthquake occurs, the auxiliary limiting layer is destroyed as the protruding base moves, thereby freeing up space for the protruding base to move back and forth along the first direction.
[0012] Furthermore, the width of the raised base along the first direction is smaller than the width of the first step plate along the first direction, and the raised base is located at the middle position of the bottom end of the first step plate. This arrangement facilitates the layout of the cantilever support plate of the stair beam and the first blocking block.
[0013] Furthermore, the auxiliary limiting layer includes a foam filling material.
[0014] Furthermore, the anti-collision layer includes anti-collision rubber and a rubber sealing plate, wherein the rubber sealing plate is fixed to the outer wall of the ladder beam and the inner wall of the first blocking block, and the anti-collision rubber is fixed to the rubber sealing plate.
[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the anti-collision rubber is 20~30mm, and the thickness of the rubber sealing plate is 3~5mm.
[0016] Furthermore, a second blocking block is provided on the outer side of the cantilever support plate of the ladder beam along the second direction, and there is a gap between the protruding base and the second blocking block provided along the second direction, so as to reserve space for the protruding base to move along the second direction, where the second direction is the length direction of the step plate.
[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a staircase architectural decorative layer, which is disposed between the stair beam and the first tread to cover the anti-collision buffer assembly.
[0018] Furthermore, the reinforcing bars within the ladder slab are anchored into the raised base, and the reinforcing bars within the first blocking block and the cantilever support plate of the ladder beam are both anchored into the ladder beam. This arrangement improves the strength of the raised base, the cantilever support plate of the ladder beam, and the first blocking block, meeting the requirements of structural mechanics calculations and relevant specifications.
[0019] This invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
[0020] 1. This utility model discloses a sliding device for a slab staircase, comprising a protruding support at the bottom end of a first tread at the lower end of the stair slab, and a cantilevered support plate and a first blocking block sequentially disposed on the outer side of the stair beam along a first direction. The top surface of the cantilevered support plate is lower than the top surfaces of the stair beam and the first blocking block, forming a limiting groove between the stair beam, the cantilevered support plate, and the first blocking block. The protruding base at the bottom of the stair slab is slidably disposed within the limiting groove via a sliding support. With this configuration, during an earthquake, the stair slab can slide horizontally via the sliding support. The stair beam and the first blocking block limit the displacement of the stair slab along the first direction, preventing excessive displacement from causing the stair slab to fall along the first direction, further enhancing the safety of the staircase structure during earthquakes and ensuring unobstructed escape routes. In this invention, anti-collision buffer components are provided between the raised base and the ladder beam, as well as between the raised base and the first blocking block. When an earthquake occurs, the ladder plate slides horizontally through the sliding support, triggering the anti-collision buffer components on both sides. On the one hand, this can dissipate earthquake energy and reduce earthquake response; on the other hand, it can protect the ladder beam and the first blocking block, preventing them from undergoing brittle fracture and causing the ladder plate to fall. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the slab stair sliding device in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view at point AA;
[0023] In the diagram: 1. Stair tread; 2. First step; 3. Raised base; 4. Stair beam; 5. Stair beam cantilever support plate; 6. First blocking block; 7. Sliding support; 8. Auxiliary limiting layer; 9. Anti-collision rubber; 10. Rubber sealing plate; 11. Staircase architectural decoration layer; X, first direction; Y, second direction. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0026] Furthermore, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various components shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale.
[0027] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined or described in one figure, it will not need to be further discussed and described in the description of the subsequent figures.
[0028] Example 1:
[0029] In existing technology, staircases with sliding supports at the lower end of the stair treads experience horizontal displacement between the stair treads and the stair beams during an earthquake. This displacement includes reciprocating displacement along a first direction and a second direction (the first direction is the X direction described in the background art, i.e., the width direction of the stair treads; the second direction is the Y direction described in the background art, i.e., the length direction of the stair treads). In the X direction, the upper end of the stair tread is connected to the upper stair beam, and the lower end is connected to the stair beam via the sliding support. In the Y direction, one side of the stair tread is flush with the wall, while the other side is open. Because the width of the stair tread is less than its length, when the earthquake intensity is high, the stair tread has sufficient displacement space in the second direction, resulting in a low risk of falling. However, in the first direction, the stair tread has a greater risk of falling. Therefore, this embodiment designs a sliding device for a slab staircase to prevent the stair tread from falling in the first direction.
[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides a sliding device for a slab staircase, including: a raised base 3 and a sliding limiting mechanism; the raised base 3 is disposed at the bottom end of the first step 2 at the lower end of the stair slab 1, and the limiting mechanism includes a cantilever support plate 5 for the stair beam, a first blocking block 6, a sliding support 7, and an anti-collision buffer assembly; the stair beam 4 is along a first direction ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 A cantilever support plate 5 is provided on the outer side of the step 4 (in the X direction). A first blocking block 6 is provided on the outer side of the cantilever support plate 5 along the first direction. The top surface of the cantilever support plate 5 is lower than the top surfaces of the step beam 4 and the first blocking block 6, so that a limiting groove is formed between the step beam 4, the cantilever support plate 5, and the first blocking block 6. A raised base 3 is located in the limiting groove, and a sliding support 7 is provided between the raised base 3 and the cantilever support plate 5. Anti-collision buffer components are provided between the raised base 3 and the step beam 4, and between the raised base 3 and the first blocking block 6. The width of the raised base 3 along the first direction is less than the width of the limiting groove, and the raised base 3 is located in the middle of the limiting groove to reserve space for the reciprocating movement of the raised base 3 along the first direction, which is the width direction of the step. The dimensions of the raised base 3 are calculated according to the actual situation to ensure that it has the corresponding load-bearing capacity and stability.
[0031] When an earthquake occurs, the stair slab 1 can slide horizontally via the sliding support 7. Due to the presence of the stair beam 4 and the first blocking block 6, the displacement of the stair slab 1 along the first direction is limited, preventing it from falling due to excessive displacement. This further enhances the safety of the staircase structure during earthquakes and ensures unobstructed escape routes. In this invention, anti-collision buffer components are provided between the raised base 3 and the stair beam 4, and between the raised base 3 and the first blocking block 6. During an earthquake, the stair slab 1 slides horizontally via the sliding support 7, triggering the anti-collision buffer components on both sides. This serves two purposes: firstly, it dissipates earthquake energy and reduces the earthquake response; secondly, it protects the stair beam 4 and the first blocking block 6, preventing brittle fracture that could cause the stair slab to fall.
[0032] The sliding support includes a first plate and a second plate. The first plate is disposed on the bottom surface of the raised base 3, and the second plate is disposed on the top surface of the cantilever support plate 5 and is covered with limiting grooves. The first plate and the second plate are in contact and form a sliding surface between them. The second plate has a larger coverage area than the first plate. This design allows the sliding support to be adjusted into a multi-directional movable support. During an earthquake, the first plate can slide in multiple directions on the second plate, thereby better dissipating seismic energy and mitigating seismic response. Specifically, the first plate and the second plate are made of high-strength steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pads; that is, the sliding support in this embodiment is made of common materials.
[0033] In this embodiment, the anti-collision buffer assembly includes an auxiliary limiting layer 8 and an anti-collision layer. The anti-collision layer is disposed on the outer side of the ladder beam along the first direction and the inner wall of the first blocking block 6. The auxiliary limiting layer 8 fills the space between the anti-collision layer and the protruding support 3. Specifically, the anti-collision layer includes anti-collision rubber 9 and a rubber sealing plate 10. The rubber sealing plate 10 is fixed to the outer wall of the ladder beam 4 and the inner wall of the first blocking block 6, and the anti-collision rubber 9 is fixed to the rubber sealing plate 10. The anti-collision rubber 9 and the rubber sealing plate 10 are common buffer materials that can absorb and buffer the energy impact generated by the movement of the protruding base 3. The anti-collision rubber 9 is better fixedly connected to the ladder beam 4 and the first blocking block 6 through the rubber sealing plate 10. The thickness of the anti-collision rubber is 20~30mm, such as 20, 22, 25, 30mm, etc., and the thickness of the rubber sealing plate is 3~5mm, such as 3, 4, 5mm, etc., with the specific thickness selected according to the actual situation. The auxiliary limiting layer 8 is made of foam-filled material. Under normal circumstances, the auxiliary limiting layer is located on both sides of the raised base 3 along the first direction to prevent the raised base 3 from shifting and improve the stability of the staircase during use. When an earthquake occurs, the raised base is shaken and shifted, thereby squeezing and destroying the auxiliary limiting layer 8, making room for the raised base 3 to move back and forth along the first direction.
[0034] In the design, the width of the raised base 3 along the first direction can be smaller than the width of the first step 2 along the first direction, and the raised base 3 is located at the middle of the bottom end of the first step 2. This arrangement facilitates the layout of the cantilever support plate 5 of the stair beam and the first blocking block 6. A staircase architectural decorative layer 11 can also be arranged between the stair beam 4 and the first step 2 to cover the anti-collision buffer components. There are no specific restrictions on the material of the staircase architectural decorative layer.
[0035] In this embodiment, the reinforcing bars in the ladder slab 1 are anchored into the raised base 3, and the reinforcing bars in the first blocking block 6 and the cantilever support plate 5 of the ladder beam are both anchored into the ladder beam 4. The cantilever support plate 5, the first blocking block 6, and the raised support 3 are all reinforced concrete components. Through the above arrangement, the ladder slab 1 and the raised base, the ladder beam 4 and the cantilever support plate of the ladder beam, and the first blocking block 6 are integrally cast, effectively increasing the structural strength and meeting the requirements of structural mechanics calculations and relevant specifications.
[0036] In practice:
[0037] The raised base 3 is mounted in the limiting groove via a sliding support. Anti-collision buffer components are installed on both sides of the raised base. Under normal circumstances, these components limit the movement of the raised base 3, preventing displacement between it and the limiting groove caused by vibrations from daily walking. During an earthquake, the raised base 3 slides relative to the limiting groove, disrupting the auxiliary limiting layer 8 in the anti-collision buffer components. This creates space for the raised base 3 to reciprocate along the first direction. The presence of the ladder beam 4 and the first blocking block 6 restricts the sliding displacement of the ladder plate 1 along the first direction, preventing it from falling due to excessive displacement. During the shaking, the raised base 3 reciprocates against the anti-collision layer, which on one hand dissipates earthquake energy and reduces the earthquake response; on the other hand, it protects the ladder beam 4 and the first blocking block 6, preventing brittle fracture that could cause the ladder plate to fall.
[0038] Example 2:
[0039] This embodiment is the same as embodiment 1 except for the following technical solutions:
[0040] Since the stair treads have sufficient displacement space in the second direction, the risk of falling is relatively small, but not completely avoidable. Therefore, in this embodiment, a second blocking block is provided on the outer side of the cantilever support plate of the stair beam along the second direction. The stair beam 4, the cantilever support plate 5, the first blocking block 6, and the second blocking block form a limiting groove. The protruding base 3 is set in this limiting groove by a sliding support. There is a gap between the protruding base 3 and the second blocking block provided along the second direction to reserve space for the movement of the protruding base 3 along the second direction. This gap can be filled with anti-collision buffer components. The second direction is the length direction of the treads. By providing a second blocking block on the outer side of the cantilever support plate of the stair beam along the second direction based on embodiment 1, the displacement of the stair treads 1 along both the first and second directions is limited, preventing the stair treads 1 from falling due to excessive displacement, and further improving the safety of the stair structure during earthquakes.
[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A sliding device for a slab staircase, characterized in that, include: A raised base is provided at the bottom end of the first step plate at the lower end of the ladder plate; A sliding limiting mechanism includes a ladder beam cantilever support plate, a first blocking block, a sliding support, and an anti-collision buffer assembly. The ladder beam is provided with a ladder beam cantilever support plate on its outer side along a first direction. A first blocking block is provided on the outer side of the ladder beam cantilever support plate along the first direction. The top surface of the ladder beam cantilever support plate is lower than the top surfaces of the ladder beam and the first blocking block, so that a limiting groove is formed between the ladder beam, the ladder beam cantilever support plate, and the first blocking block. A protruding base is located within the limiting groove, and a sliding support is provided between the protruding base and the ladder beam cantilever support plate. Anti-collision buffer assemblies are provided between the protruding base and the ladder beam, and between the protruding base and the first blocking block. The width of the protruding base along the first direction is less than the width of the limiting groove, and the protruding base is located in the middle of the limiting groove to reserve space for the protruding base to reciprocate along the first direction, where the first direction is the width direction of the step plate.
2. The sliding device for a slab staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding support includes a first plate and a second plate; the first plate is disposed on the bottom end face of the raised base, and the second plate is disposed on the top surface of the ladder beam cantilever support plate and is covered with limiting grooves, and a sliding surface is formed between the first plate and the second plate.
3. The sliding device for a slab staircase according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first and second layers are made of high-strength steel or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) pads.
4. The sliding device for a slab staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-collision buffer assembly includes an auxiliary limiting layer and an anti-collision layer; the anti-collision layer is disposed on the outer side of the ladder beam along the first direction and the inner wall of the first blocking block, and the auxiliary limiting layer is filled between the anti-collision layer and the protruding support. When an earthquake occurs, the auxiliary limiting layer is destroyed as the protruding base moves, thereby freeing up space for the protruding base to move back and forth along the first direction.
5. The sliding device for a slab staircase according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anti-collision layer includes anti-collision rubber and rubber sealing plate. The rubber sealing plate is fixed to the outer wall of the ladder beam and the inner wall of the first blocking block, and the anti-collision rubber is fixed to the rubber sealing plate.
6. The sliding device for a slab staircase according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the anti-collision rubber is 20~30mm, and the thickness of the rubber sealing plate is 3~5mm.
7. The sliding device for a slab staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second blocking block is provided on the outer side of the cantilever support plate of the ladder beam along the second direction. There is a gap between the protruding base and the second blocking block provided along the second direction to reserve space for the protruding base to move along the second direction, where the second direction is the length direction of the step plate.
8. The sliding device for a slab staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a staircase architectural decorative layer, which is disposed between the stair beam and the first tread to cover the anti-collision buffer components.
9. The sliding device for a slab staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing bars in the ladder slab are anchored into the protruding base, and the reinforcing bars in the first blocking block and the reinforcing bars in the cantilever support plate of the ladder beam are both anchored into the ladder beam.