Spline structure and device having the same

Abstract

The application discloses a spline structure and a device with the spline structure. The spline structure comprises a sleeve assembly and a buffer part. The sleeve assembly comprises a first annular sleeve and a second annular sleeve, a first annular tooth part adapted to a predetermined rotating shaft is arranged on the inner circumferential wall of the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve, and the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve are arranged along the same axis in a spaced manner; and at least part of the buffer part is arranged between the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve and is connected with the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve as a whole. The application can solve the problem that the spline in the prior art is prone to deformation or fatigue damage due to stress concentration, reduce the service life of the spline, and the manufacturing cost of the spline is relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of motor technology, and more specifically, to a spline structure and a device having the spline structure. Background Technology

[0002] As people's living standards continue to improve, clothing processing equipment, such as washing machines, has gradually become common in most households. The connection between the rotor of a washing machine's direct-drive motor and the motor or the entire machine is often achieved using splines as an intermediate connection medium. However, existing splines are quite rigid, and when the equipment encounters high-load impacts, the splines are prone to deformation or fatigue damage due to stress concentration, reducing their service life. Furthermore, splines are relatively expensive to manufacture. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main objective of this application is to provide a spline structure and a device having the spline structure, so as to solve the problems in the prior art where splines are prone to deformation or fatigue damage due to stress concentration, which reduces the service life of splines and results in high manufacturing costs.

[0004] According to one aspect of this application, a spline structure is provided, comprising:

[0005] The sleeve assembly includes a first annular sleeve and a second annular sleeve. The inner peripheral walls of the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve are provided with first annular teeth that are adapted to a predetermined rotating shaft, and the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve are spaced apart along the same axis.

[0006] The buffer portion, at least a portion of which is disposed between the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve and is integrally connected to the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve.

[0007] Furthermore, the buffer portion includes an annular structure, which is coaxially arranged with the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve.

[0008] Further, the buffer portion includes at least one selected from a polypropylene portion, a glass fiber portion, a polyethylene portion, a soft polyvinyl chloride portion, and a polyamide portion; and / or,

[0009] Both the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve include galvanized steel sheets.

[0010] Furthermore, the first annular sleeve body is provided with a first annular boss, and the second annular sleeve body is provided with a second annular boss. The first annular boss protrudes from the side of the first annular sleeve body away from the second annular sleeve body, and the second annular boss protrudes from the side of the second annular sleeve body away from the first annular sleeve body.

[0011] Furthermore, along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the protrusion height H1 of the first annular boss satisfies the relationship: 1mm ≤ H1 ≤ 2mm; and / or,

[0012] Along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the protrusion height H2 of the second annular boss satisfies the following relationship: 1mm≤H2≤2mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the first annular sleeve is provided with a first limiting part, and the second annular sleeve is provided with a second limiting part. The first limiting part and the second limiting part are correspondingly provided for at least installing a predetermined structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the first limiting portion includes at least one of a first clearance notch and a first limiting hole. The first clearance notch is disposed on the peripheral sidewall of the first annular sleeve and recessed from the edge of the first annular sleeve toward the center of the first annular sleeve. The first limiting hole is disposed on the side of the first annular sleeve close to the second annular sleeve and extends in a direction away from the second annular sleeve.

[0015] The second limiting portion includes at least one of a second clearance notch and a second limiting hole. The second clearance notch is disposed on the peripheral sidewall of the second annular sleeve and recessed from the edge of the second annular sleeve toward the center of the second annular sleeve. The second limiting hole is disposed on the side of the second annular sleeve close to the first annular sleeve and extends in a direction away from the first annular sleeve.

[0016] Wherein, the first clearance notch is provided corresponding to the second limiting hole, and the first limiting hole is provided corresponding to the second clearance notch;

[0017] The predetermined structure passes through the first clearance notch and is inserted into the second limiting hole, and / or the predetermined structure passes through the second clearance notch and is inserted into the first limiting hole.

[0018] Furthermore, along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the depth H3 of the first limiting hole satisfies the relationship: 1mm ≤ H3 ≤ 2mm; and / or,

[0019] Along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the depth H4 of the second limiting hole satisfies the following relationship: 1mm≤H4≤2mm.

[0020] Furthermore, both the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve have second annular teeth on their outer peripheral walls, and at least a portion of the buffer portion covers the outer peripheral walls of the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve and fits tightly against the second annular teeth; and / or,

[0021] The first annular sleeve, the second annular sleeve, and the buffer part are integrally injection molded.

[0022] On the other hand, this application also provides an apparatus having the spline structure, the apparatus including the spline structure described above.

[0023] In this application, the double-support structure formed by the first and second annular sleeves spaced apart along the same axis can disperse the radial force transmitted by the predetermined rotating shaft, reduce stress concentration at a single contact point, and lower the risk of fatigue damage to the sleeve assembly due to uneven stress. Furthermore, the double meshing of the first and second annular sleeves increases the contact area, further dispersing the transmission load, reducing the stress on a single tooth, reducing tooth deformation or fracture caused by excessive local stress, and extending service life. Simultaneously, since at least a portion of the buffer portion is filled between the first and second annular sleeves and integrated with them, the deformation of the buffer portion can absorb the impact and vibration during transmission, effectively reducing deformation and fatigue damage to the sleeve assembly caused by stress concentration, and extending the service life of the spline structure. In addition, the spaced arrangement of the first and second annular sleeves reduces material usage, achieving not only lightweight design but also lower manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the spline structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the spline structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve assembly disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second annular sleeves disclosed in the embodiments of this application from a first-view perspective.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second annular sleeves disclosed in the embodiments of this application from a second perspective.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second annular sleeves disclosed in the embodiments of this application from a third-view perspective.

[0031] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0032] 10. Sleeve assembly; 11. First annular sleeve; 111. First annular boss; 12. Second annular sleeve; 121. Second annular boss; 13. First annular tooth; 14. Second annular tooth; 20. Buffer part; 30. First limiting part; 31. First clearance notch; 32. First limiting hole; 40. Second limiting part; 41. Second clearance notch; 42. Second limiting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0036] As mentioned in the background section, existing splines are relatively rigid. When equipment encounters high-load impacts, the splines are prone to deformation or fatigue damage due to stress concentration, thus reducing their service life. To address this, the inventors of this application have designed a new spline structure that can at least solve the problem of stress concentration-induced deformation or fatigue damage in existing splines, thereby reducing their service life. The spline structure of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] It should be noted that the "thickness direction of the spline structure" in this application refers to the attached... Figure 2 The direction indicated by the letter X in the middle.

[0038] See Figures 1 to 3 As shown, according to an embodiment of this application, a spline structure is provided, which includes a sleeve assembly 10 and a buffer portion 20.

[0039] The sleeve assembly 10 includes a first annular sleeve 11 and a second annular sleeve 12. The inner peripheral walls of both the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 are provided with first annular teeth 13 adapted to a predetermined rotating shaft, and the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 are spaced apart along the same axis. At least a portion of the buffer portion 20 is at least filled between the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 and is connected integrally with the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12. It is understood that the predetermined rotating shaft in this embodiment can be the rotating shaft of a motor or the drive shaft of a washing machine.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first annular tooth 13 is the core transmission structure. Torque transmission is achieved by meshing the first annular tooth 13 with the teeth of the predetermined rotating shaft, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the transmission. The double-support structure formed by the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 spaced apart along the same axis can disperse the radial force transmitted by the predetermined rotating shaft, reduce stress concentration at a single contact point, and lower the risk of fatigue damage to the sleeve assembly 10 due to uneven stress. Furthermore, the double meshing of the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 increases the contact area, further dispersing the transmission load, reducing the stress on a single tooth, reducing tooth deformation or fracture caused by excessive local stress, and extending service life.

[0041] Meanwhile, since at least a portion of the buffer portion 20 in this embodiment is filled between the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 and is integrated with the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12, the deformation of the buffer portion 20 can absorb the impact and vibration during the transmission process, effectively reducing the deformation and fatigue damage of the sleeve assembly 10 caused by stress concentration, and extending the service life of the spline structure. Furthermore, since the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 are spaced apart, the amount of material used is reduced, achieving not only a lightweight design but also lower manufacturing costs.

[0042] Further, see Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the buffer section 20 in this embodiment includes an annular structure, which is coaxially arranged with the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12.

[0043] Specifically, the coaxially arranged annular structure can evenly connect the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12, ensuring that during transmission, the supporting force and connecting force of the buffer part 20 on the two sleeves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, avoiding local stress concentration caused by eccentric connection, and reducing the risk of breakage or loosening at the connection point between the sleeve assembly 10 and the buffer part 20. At the same time, the annular structure itself can undergo uniform circumferential deformation with vibration and impact during transmission, ensuring the consistency of the buffering and shock absorption effect, and can more effectively offset the impact energy in different directions, reducing the transmission efficiency of vibration to the sleeve assembly 10 and the rotating shaft. In addition, this coaxial design maintains the coaxiality of the overall spline structure, reduces the additional radial load caused by eccentricity during transmission, avoids uneven wear when the sleeve meshes with the predetermined rotating shaft, improves the smoothness and reliability of transmission, and extends the service life of the spline structure and the rotating shaft.

[0044] Optionally, the buffer portion 20 in this embodiment includes at least one of a polypropylene portion, a glass fiber portion, a polyethylene portion, a soft polyvinyl chloride portion, and a polyamide portion. Specifically, when the buffer portion 20 is prepared using at least two of the following materials, the proportions can be arbitrary and are not specifically limited in this application. Since the polypropylene, polyethylene, soft polyvinyl chloride, and polyamide portions have good elasticity and toughness, using them as the buffer portion 20 allows for efficient absorption of impacts and vibrations during transmission through their own deformation, further enhancing the buffering and shock absorption capacity and reducing the impact force transmission to the sleeve assembly 10 and the rotating shaft. Simultaneously, the polypropylene, polyethylene, soft polyvinyl chloride, and polyamide portions possess certain wear resistance and corrosion resistance, enabling them to resist friction generated by the relative movement of the sleeve assembly 10 and the erosion of the external environment during long-term use, thus extending the service life of the buffer portion 20. Furthermore, the presence of a glass fiber portion in the buffer portion 20 can improve its structural strength.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, both the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 include galvanized steel sheets.

[0046] Specifically, the zinc layer on the surface of the galvanized sheet forms a dense protective film, effectively isolating the sleeve substrate from air, moisture, and other corrosive media, significantly improving the sleeve's corrosion resistance and extending its service life. At the same time, the galvanized sheet possesses good mechanical strength and toughness, meeting the requirements of the sleeve to withstand torque, radial force, and other loads during transmission, ensuring the stability of the sleeve structure. Furthermore, its excellent processing performance allows for the easy fabrication of sleeves with complex structures such as the first annular toothed portion 13 and limiting portions through processes like stamping and bending, enabling precise control of dimensional accuracy and ensuring compatibility with the rotating shaft and buffer portion 20.

[0047] Further, see Figure 2and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the first annular sleeve 11 is provided with a first annular boss 111, and the second annular sleeve 12 is provided with a second annular boss 121. The first annular boss 111 protrudes from the side of the first annular sleeve 11 away from the second annular sleeve 12, and the second annular boss 121 protrudes from the side of the second annular sleeve 12 away from the first annular sleeve 11.

[0048] Specifically, the first annular boss 111 and the second annular boss 121 can respectively abut against other components (such as bearings, end caps, etc.) in the spline structure assembly environment, clearly defining the installation position of the spline structure in the axial direction. This avoids unstable meshing between the sleeve assembly 10 and the predetermined shaft due to axial movement during transmission, improving assembly accuracy. Simultaneously, the first annular boss 111 and the second annular boss 121 can respectively increase the contact area between the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 and surrounding components, thereby dispersing the axial force on the spline structure to a larger area, reducing stress concentration at local contact points, and lowering the risk of deformation or wear at the ends of the sleeve assembly 10 due to long-term stress. Furthermore, the first annular boss 111 and the second annular boss 121 can also structurally reinforce the ends of the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12, enhancing their axial rigidity. Combined with the flexible buffering effect of the buffer part 20, this ensures that the spline structure maintains good structural stability in both the axial and radial directions, further guaranteeing the smoothness and reliability of the transmission process.

[0049] Furthermore, along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the protrusion height H1 of the first annular boss 111 in this embodiment (e.g.) Figure 4 As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 1mm≤H1≤2mm. For example, H1 can be set to 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2mm, etc.

[0050] Specifically, when the protrusion height H1 of the first annular boss 111 is less than 1mm, the boss height is insufficient, making it difficult to form a stable contact with the surrounding parts, weakening the axial positioning effect, and the spline structure is prone to axial movement. In addition, the small contact area will lead to excessive local stress and aggravate the wear at the end of the sleeve. When the protrusion height H1 of the first annular boss 111 is greater than 2mm, the excessive boss height will increase the axial volume of the spline structure, which may interfere with the surrounding parts and affect assembly compatibility. At the same time, the excessively high boss is prone to generate a large bending moment due to the excessively long lever arm when under stress, which will lead to stress concentration at the root of the boss, increasing the risk of fracture. It may also have an adverse effect on the lightweight design of the overall structure due to the increase in its own weight. In other words, this embodiment ensures that the protrusion height H1 of the first annular boss 111 satisfies the relationship: 1mm≤H1≤2mm. This guarantees that the first annular boss 111 has sufficient axial positioning capability to effectively abut against surrounding components (such as bearings, end caps, etc.), precisely limiting the axial movement of the spline structure. At the same time, the height does not increase the overall axial dimension of the spline structure, avoiding excessive space occupation. Furthermore, at this height, the first annular boss 111 has moderate structural strength, distributing axial forces evenly. It avoids localized stress concentration due to insufficient contact area caused by insufficient height, and also prevents excessive bending moments that could lead to breakage due to excessive height.

[0051] Furthermore, along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the protrusion height H2 of the second annular boss 121 in this embodiment (e.g.) Figure 4 As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 1mm≤H2≤2mm. For example, H2 can be set to 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2mm, etc.

[0052] Specifically, when the protrusion height H2 of the second annular boss 121 is less than 1mm, the boss height is insufficient, making it difficult to form a stable contact with surrounding components, weakening the axial positioning effect, and causing axial movement of the spline structure. Furthermore, the small contact area can lead to excessive local stress, exacerbating wear at the end of the sleeve. When the protrusion height H2 of the second annular boss 121 is greater than 2mm, the excessive boss height will increase the axial volume of the spline structure, potentially causing interference with surrounding components and affecting assembly compatibility. At the same time, an excessively high boss is prone to generating a large bending moment due to the excessively long lever arm when under stress, leading to stress concentration at the root of the boss, increasing the risk of fracture, and may also adversely affect the lightweight design of the overall structure due to the increased weight. In other words, this embodiment ensures that the protrusion height H2 of the second annular boss 121 satisfies the relationship: 1mm ≤ H2 ≤ 2mm. This guarantees that the second annular boss 121 has sufficient axial positioning capability to effectively abut against surrounding components (such as bearings, end caps, etc.), precisely limiting the axial movement of the spline structure. Furthermore, it avoids increasing the overall axial dimension of the spline structure due to excessive height, thus preventing excessive occupation of assembly space. Simultaneously, the second annular boss 121 at this height has moderate structural strength, allowing for balanced force distribution when distributing axial forces. It avoids localized stress concentration due to insufficient height leading to a small contact area, and also prevents excessive bending moments due to excessive height, which could easily cause breakage.

[0053] It is understood that the protrusion height of the first annular boss 111 and the protrusion height of the second annular boss 121 in this application may be the same or different, and this application does not make specific limitations.

[0054] Further, see Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a first limiting part 30 is provided on the first annular sleeve 11, and a second limiting part 40 is provided on the second annular sleeve 12. The first limiting part 30 and the second limiting part 40 are correspondingly provided for at least installing a predetermined structure. Exemplarily, the "predetermined structure" in this application includes a positioning post on an injection mold.

[0055] Specifically, to ensure the accuracy of the relative positions of the sleeve assembly 10 and the buffer part 20, this embodiment provides a first limiting part 30 on the first annular sleeve 11 and a second limiting part 40 on the second annular sleeve 12. This plays a crucial role in the assembly process of the buffer part 20 and the sleeve assembly 10. During actual processing, a predetermined structure can be installed within the first limiting part 30 and the second limiting part 40 to ensure that the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 maintain a defined relative position. When installing the buffer part 20 (e.g., through injection molding or assembly connection), the predetermined structure, through precise cooperation with the first limiting part 30 and the second limiting part 40, firmly fixes the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 in a preset relative position (i.e., maintaining strict coaxiality and spacing), preventing them from shifting during the molding or connection of the buffer part 20. Meanwhile, since the buffer part 20 needs to be filled between the two sleeves and connected as a whole, the precise positioning achieved by the limiting part ensures that the filling amount of the buffer part 20 between the two sleeves is evenly distributed circumferentially and corresponds completely with the connection surface of the two sleeves, without any local connection that is too thick or too thin. If the sleeve position is offset, the buffer part 20 may experience local stress concentration due to uneven force. The existence of the limiting part can avoid this problem, so that the overall structure formed by the buffer part 20 and the sleeve assembly 10 always maintains the designed coaxiality and dimensional accuracy, thereby ensuring the transmission stability when it is subsequently matched with the predetermined rotating shaft, reducing vibration, abnormal noise or premature damage caused by the relative position deviation between the buffer part 20 and the sleeve, and significantly improving the assembly quality and reliability of the spline structure.

[0056] Further, see Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the first limiting portion 30 includes at least one of a first clearance notch 31 and a first limiting hole 32. The first clearance notch 31 is disposed on the peripheral sidewall of the first annular sleeve 11 and recessed from the edge of the first annular sleeve 11 toward the center of the first annular sleeve 11. The first limiting hole 32 is disposed on the side of the first annular sleeve 11 near the second annular sleeve 12 and extends in a direction away from the second annular sleeve 12. The second limiting portion 40 includes at least one of a second clearance notch 41 and a second limiting hole 42. The second clearance notch 41 is disposed on the second annular sleeve 12. The second annular sleeve 12 is recessed on the peripheral side wall and extends from the edge of the second annular sleeve 12 toward the center of the second annular sleeve 12. The second limiting hole 42 is provided on the side of the second annular sleeve 12 close to the first annular sleeve 11 and extends in a direction away from the first annular sleeve 11. The first clearance notch 31 is correspondingly provided with the second limiting hole 42, and the first limiting hole 32 is correspondingly provided with the second clearance notch 41. A predetermined structure (not shown in the figure) passes through the first clearance notch 31 and is inserted into the second limiting hole 42, and / or the predetermined structure passes through the second clearance notch 41 and is inserted into the first limiting hole 32.

[0057] It is understood that in this embodiment, "the first limiting part 30 includes at least one of the first clearance notch 31 and the first limiting hole 32" means that the first annular sleeve 11 may only have the first clearance notch 31 or the first limiting hole 32, or both the first clearance notch 31 and the first limiting hole 32 may be provided simultaneously; "the second limiting part 40 includes at least one of the second clearance notch 41 and the second limiting hole 42" means that the second annular sleeve 12 may only have the second clearance notch 41 or the second limiting hole 42, or both the second clearance notch 41 and the second limiting hole 42 may be provided simultaneously. However, when the first annular sleeve 11 has the first clearance notch 31, the second annular sleeve 12 must have the second limiting hole 42; similarly, when the first annular sleeve 11 has the first limiting hole 32, the second annular sleeve 12 must have the second clearance notch 41.

[0058] Specifically, the first clearance notch 31 and the second clearance notch 41 provide clearance space for the insertion of the predetermined structure, preventing interference between the predetermined structure and the peripheral walls of the first annular sleeve 11 and / or the second annular sleeve 12. Since the first clearance notch 31 is recessed from the edge of the first annular sleeve 11 towards its center, circumferential displacement of the first annular sleeve 11 is prevented when the predetermined structure passes through. Similarly, the second clearance notch 41 prevents circumferential displacement of the second annular sleeve 12. The first limiting hole 32 and the second limiting hole 42 ensure that the predetermined structure provides a stable axial constraint on both sleeves after insertion. In other words, this embodiment, through the corresponding engagement of the clearance notch and the limiting hole, allows the predetermined structure to simultaneously position the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 circumferentially and axially, ensuring that they maintain strict coaxiality and a preset interval during assembly, effectively preventing circumferential rotation or axial displacement of the sleeves. This matching method can also increase the contact area and constraint points between the predetermined structure and the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12, improve the firmness of positioning, and thus ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the filling and connection of the buffer part 20 between the two sleeves, reduce the problem of uneven force on the buffer part 20 caused by the position deviation of the sleeve, and lay a solid foundation for the stability of the overall spline structure and the reliability of transmission.

[0059] Optionally, in this embodiment, there are multiple first limiting holes 32, first clearance notches 31, second limiting holes 42, and second clearance notches 41. Multiple first limiting holes 32 are spaced apart circumferentially along the first annular sleeve 11 on the side of the first annular sleeve 11 near the second annular sleeve 12. Multiple first clearance notches 31 are spaced apart circumferentially along the sidewall of the first annular sleeve 11. Multiple second limiting holes 42 are spaced apart circumferentially along the sidewall of the second annular sleeve 12 near the first annular sleeve 11. Multiple second clearance notches 41 are spaced apart circumferentially along the sidewall of the second annular sleeve 12. The multiple first clearance notches 31 and multiple second limiting holes 42 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. (The appendix of this embodiment is missing from the original text.) Figure 3 To be continued Figure 6 The diagram shows the case where there are three of them: the first limiting hole 32, the first clearance notch 31, the second limiting hole 42, and the second clearance notch 41.

[0060] Specifically, the corresponding distribution of multiple limiting holes and clearance notches allows the predetermined structure to engage with the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 from multiple circumferential positions. This multi-point constraint further enhances the positioning accuracy of the two sleeves, effectively preventing circumferential rotation or skew during assembly and ensuring strict coaxiality. Simultaneously, multi-point force distribution evenly distributes the constraint force of the tooling on the sleeves across multiple locations, preventing deformation or damage to a single limiting structure due to concentrated force, thus enhancing the stability and reliability of the positioning process. Furthermore, the multiple limiting structures improve assembly flexibility, allowing for the selection of appropriate combinations of limiting holes and clearance notches based on the actual tooling type or operational requirements. This facilitates precise positioning in different processes (such as injection molding of the buffer section 20, dimensional inspection, etc.), thereby ensuring the overall consistency and performance stability of the spline structure.

[0061] Furthermore, along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the depth H3 of the first limiting hole 32 in this embodiment (e.g.) Figure 5 As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 1mm≤H3≤2mm. For example, H3 can be set to 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2mm, etc.

[0062] Specifically, when H3 is less than 1mm, the depth of the first limiting hole 32 is insufficient, the contact area between the predetermined structure and the hole wall is too small after insertion, the axial constraint ability is weakened, and positioning loosening is likely to occur, causing the sleeve assembly 10 to shift during assembly, affecting the accuracy of filling and connection of the buffer part 20; when H3 is greater than 2mm, the excessively deep first limiting hole 32 will significantly reduce the effective wall thickness of the first annular sleeve 11, reduce the structural rigidity of the first annular sleeve 11, and easily cause sleeve deformation due to force concentration during transmission, and may even cause cracks around the first limiting hole 32. At the same time, it will increase the processing difficulty and cost, which is not conducive to the production and manufacturing of spline structure. In other words, by ensuring that the depth H3 of the first limiting hole 32 satisfies the relationship: 1mm≤H3≤2mm, this embodiment can provide sufficient insertion depth for the predetermined structure, ensuring a stable axial constraint between the tooling and the first limiting hole 32, preventing the tooling from easily falling off or shaking during the positioning process, thereby ensuring the accuracy of positioning the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12, while also preventing excessive weakening of the structural strength of the first annular sleeve 11 due to excessive depth, and preventing deformation or breakage of the sleeve due to excessively deep first limiting hole 32 causing local wall thickness to be too thin when under force.

[0063] Furthermore, along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the depth H4 of the second limiting hole 42 in this embodiment (e.g.) Figure 5 As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 1mm≤H4≤2mm. For example, H4 can be set to 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2mm, etc.

[0064] Specifically, when H4 is less than 1mm, the depth of the second limiting hole 42 is insufficient, and the contact area between the predetermined structure and the hole wall is too small after insertion, weakening the axial constraint ability. This can easily lead to positioning loosening, causing the sleeve assembly 10 to shift during assembly, affecting the accuracy of filling and connecting the buffer part 20. When H4 is greater than 2mm, the excessively deep second limiting hole 42 will significantly reduce the effective wall thickness of the second annular sleeve 12, reduce the structural rigidity of the second annular sleeve 12, and easily cause sleeve deformation due to force concentration during transmission. It may even cause cracks around the second limiting hole 42. At the same time, it will increase the processing difficulty and cost, which is not conducive to the production and manufacturing of spline structures. In other words, by ensuring that the depth H4 of the second limiting hole 42 satisfies the relationship: 1mm≤H4≤2mm, this embodiment can provide sufficient insertion depth for the predetermined structure, ensuring a stable axial constraint between the tooling and the second limiting hole 42, preventing the tooling from easily falling off or shaking during the positioning process, thereby ensuring the accuracy of positioning the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12, while also preventing excessive weakening of the structural strength of the second annular sleeve 12 due to excessive depth, and preventing deformation or breakage of the sleeve due to excessively deep second limiting hole 42 causing local wall thickness to be too thin when under force.

[0065] Further, see Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the outer peripheral walls of the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 are both provided with second annular teeth 14, and at least part of the buffer portion 20 covers at least the outer peripheral walls of the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 and fits tightly with the second annular teeth 14.

[0066] Specifically, the second annular toothed portion 14 significantly increases the contact area between each sleeve and the buffer portion 20. Simultaneously, the meshing action between the teeth creates a mechanical lock, effectively enhancing the robustness of the connection between the buffer portion 20 and the sleeve, preventing relative sliding or separation due to vibration or impact during long-term transmission. The tight fit allows the buffer portion 20 to more evenly distribute the force on the sleeve. When the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 are subjected to force, the force can be quickly dispersed to the buffer portion 20 through the second annular toothed portion 14, reducing local stress concentration in the sleeve. Combined with the elastic deformation of the buffer portion 20, this further enhances the overall structure's impact resistance. Furthermore, this connection method ensures the stability of the buffer portion 20's support for the sleeve, maintaining good coaxiality of the two annular sleeves under the constraint of the buffer portion 20, thereby improving the overall transmission smoothness and service life of the spline structure.

[0067] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first annular sleeve 11, the second annular sleeve 12, and the buffer part 20 are integrally injection molded. This allows the three components to form a seamless integral structure, avoiding gaps or loosening that may occur during assembly. This significantly improves the overall structural robustness and stability, ensuring that the sleeve and buffer part 20 maintain a reliable connection under long-term vibration and impact conditions, without separation or relative displacement. Simultaneously, integral injection molding allows for precise control of the relative positions of each component, ensuring the coaxiality of the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12, as well as the fitting accuracy with the buffer part 20. This reduces stress concentration caused by assembly errors. The tight fit between the second annular toothed part 14 on the outer peripheral wall of the sleeve and the buffer part 20 further enhances the uniformity of force transmission and the buffering effect. In addition, integral injection molding simplifies the production process, reduces assembly steps, improves production efficiency, lowers manufacturing costs, and ensures good overall structural consistency after molding, which is beneficial for maintaining product quality stability.

[0068] Specifically, when injection molding the first annular sleeve 11, the second annular sleeve 12, and the buffer part 20, the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 are installed on the spline shaft of the injection mold and inserted into the first limiting hole 32 and / or the second limiting hole 42 using a predetermined structure to fix the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12, and then the buffer part 20 is injection molded between the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12.

[0069] Furthermore, along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the minimum distance D1 between the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 in this embodiment (e.g.) Figure 2 As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 3mm≤D1≤7mm. For example, D1 can be set to 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, etc.

[0070] Specifically, when D1 is less than 3mm, the distance between the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 is too close, resulting in insufficient filling space for the buffer part 20. This limits the elastic deformation capability of the buffer part 20, significantly weakens the buffering and vibration absorption effect, and makes it difficult to effectively offset impacts and vibrations. Furthermore, the buffer part 20 may be too thin, leading to insufficient connection strength and easy breakage. When D1 is greater than 7mm, the distance between the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 is too far, resulting in an excessively large volume of the buffer part 20. This not only increases the amount of material used and the overall weight, which is not conducive to lightweight design, but may also cause excessive deformation of the buffer part 20 under stress, affecting the coaxiality of the two sleeves and thus reducing transmission stability. At the same time, the excessively large axial dimension may also cause assembly interference with surrounding components. In other words, this embodiment ensures that the minimum distance D1 between the first annular sleeve 11 and the second annular sleeve 12 satisfies the relationship: 3mm ≤ D1 ≤ 7mm. This provides sufficient and appropriate space for the buffer part 20, ensuring that the buffer part 20 has enough volume to achieve good elastic deformation, thereby effectively absorbing the impact and vibration during transmission. Simultaneously, this distance provides a suitable spacing between the two sleeves, preventing insufficient filling of the buffer part 20 due to excessive proximity, which weakens the buffering effect, and also preventing excessive axial dimensions of the overall structure due to excessive distance, which affects assembly compatibility. Furthermore, the appropriate spacing allows for a more uniform distribution of the connecting force between the buffer part 20 and the two sleeves. Combined with the structural design of the sleeves, this can evenly distribute the transmission load and reduce local stress concentration.

[0071] Furthermore, along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the thickness T1 of the first annular sleeve 11 in this embodiment (e.g.) Figure 4 As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 2mm≤T1≤4mm. For example, T1 can be set to 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm, 2.8mm, 3mm, 3.2mm, 3.4mm, 3.6mm, 3.8mm, 4mm, etc.

[0072] Specifically, when T1 is less than 2mm, the thickness of the first annular sleeve 11 is too thin, resulting in insufficient structural strength. Under heavy loads, it is prone to bending, deformation, or even breakage, failing to ensure stable engagement with the predetermined shaft and severely affecting transmission reliability. When T1 is greater than 4mm, the thickness of the first annular sleeve 11 is too large, increasing material costs and overall weight, which is detrimental to lightweight requirements. It also increases inertial forces, affecting transmission flexibility. Furthermore, an excessively thick structure may lead to poor heat dissipation, resulting in performance degradation due to thermal stress accumulation over long-term use, and increasing processing difficulty. In other words, by ensuring that the thickness T1 of the first annular sleeve 11 satisfies the relationship 2mm≤T1≤4mm, a lightweight design can be achieved while ensuring sufficient structural strength of the first annular sleeve 11. This allows it to stably withstand the torque and radial force transmitted by the shaft during transmission, avoiding deformation or breakage due to insufficient strength, without increasing the overall weight due to excessive thickness.

[0073] Furthermore, along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the thickness T2 of the second annular sleeve 12 in this embodiment (e.g.) Figure 4 As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 2mm≤T2≤4mm. For example, T2 can be set to 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm, 2.8mm, 3mm, 3.2mm, 3.4mm, 3.6mm, 3.8mm, 4mm, etc.

[0074] Specifically, when T2 is less than 2mm, the thickness of the second annular sleeve 12 is too thin, resulting in insufficient structural strength. Under heavy loads, it is prone to bending, deformation, or even breakage, failing to ensure stable engagement with the predetermined shaft and severely affecting transmission reliability. When T2 is greater than 4mm, the thickness of the second annular sleeve 12 is too large, increasing material costs and overall weight, which is detrimental to lightweight requirements. It also increases inertial forces, affecting transmission flexibility. Furthermore, an excessively thick structure may lead to poor heat dissipation, resulting in performance degradation due to thermal stress accumulation over long-term use, and increasing processing difficulty. In other words, by ensuring that the thickness T2 of the second annular sleeve 12 satisfies the relationship 2mm≤T2≤4mm, a lightweight design can be achieved while ensuring sufficient structural strength of the second annular sleeve 12. This allows it to stably withstand the torque and radial force transmitted by the shaft during transmission, avoiding deformation or breakage due to insufficient strength, without increasing the overall weight due to excessive thickness.

[0075] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outer diameter D2 of the first annular sleeve 11 (e.g.) Figure 6As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 45mm≤D2≤55mm. For example, D2 can be set to 45mm, 45.5mm, 46mm, 46.5mm, 47mm, 47.5mm, 48mm, 48.5mm, 49mm, 49.5mm, 50mm, 50.5mm, 51mm, 51.5mm, 52mm, 52.5mm, 53mm, 53.5mm, 54mm, 54.5mm, 55mm, etc.

[0076] Specifically, when D2 is less than 45mm, the small outer diameter will limit the size of the first annular tooth 13, resulting in insufficient tooth meshing depth or insufficient tooth strength. This can easily lead to tooth wear or breakage during transmission. In addition, the reduced contact area between the outer peripheral wall and the buffer part 20 will weaken the connection between the two and affect the overall structural stability. When D2 is greater than 55mm, the excessively large outer diameter will increase the overall volume and weight of the spline structure. This may not only cause assembly interference with surrounding parts, making it difficult to install in a compact space, but also increase rotational inertia, affecting transmission efficiency. It will also increase material consumption and manufacturing costs. In other words, by ensuring that the outer diameter D2 of the first annular sleeve 11 satisfies the relationship 45mm≤D2≤55mm, this embodiment can provide sufficient structural space for the first annular tooth 13 on the inner circumferential wall, ensuring the meshing depth and strength of the tooth, ensuring the stability of torque transmission, and also making the connection area between the outer circumferential wall and the buffer part 20 moderate, which is conducive to the buffer part 20 uniformly transmitting force and playing a buffering role. At the same time, this outer diameter size is compatible with the installation space of most conventional transmission systems, and has strong versatility.

[0077] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inner diameter D3 of the first annular sleeve 11 (e.g.) Figure 6 As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 15mm≤D3≤25mm. For example, D3 can be set to 15mm, 15.5mm, 16mm, 16.5mm, 17mm, 17.5mm, 18mm, 18.5mm, 19mm, 19.5mm, 20mm, 20.5mm, 21mm, 21.5mm, 22mm, 22.5mm, 23mm, 23.5mm, 24mm, 24.5mm, 25mm, etc.

[0078] Specifically, when D3 is less than 15mm, the inner diameter is too small, making it difficult for the predetermined rotating shaft to pass through, or causing the fit with the rotating shaft to be too tight, increasing assembly difficulty. It also compresses the size of the first annular tooth 13, resulting in insufficient tooth strength and making it prone to tooth surface wear or tooth root breakage during transmission. When D3 is greater than 25mm, the excessively large inner diameter will cause the gap between the rotating shaft and the first annular sleeve 11 to increase, making it prone to radial movement and impact during transmission, affecting meshing accuracy and transmission smoothness. In other words, this embodiment ensures that the inner diameter D3 of the first annular sleeve 11 satisfies the relationship: 15mm≤D3≤25mm. This ensures that the rotating shaft can pass through smoothly and fully mesh with the first annular tooth 13 on the inner circumferential wall, ensuring the efficiency and stability of torque transmission, while also preventing excessive gaps between the rotating shaft and the sleeve due to an excessively large inner diameter, thus avoiding shaking or wobbling during transmission. At the same time, the inner diameter is reasonably matched with the outer diameter and thickness of the sleeve, which can reserve enough space for the tooth height and tooth thickness of the first annular tooth 13 while ensuring the structural strength of the sleeve, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of the tooth.

[0079] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the outer diameter D4 of the second annular sleeve 12 (e.g.) Figure 6 As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 45mm≤D4≤55mm. For example, D4 ​​can be set to 45mm, 45.5mm, 46mm, 46.5mm, 47mm, 47.5mm, 48mm, 48.5mm, 49mm, 49.5mm, 50mm, 50.5mm, 51mm, 51.5mm, 52mm, 52.5mm, 53mm, 53.5mm, 54mm, 54.5mm, 55mm, etc.

[0080] Specifically, when D4 is less than 45mm, the small outer diameter will limit the size of the first annular tooth 13, resulting in insufficient tooth meshing depth or insufficient tooth strength. This can easily lead to tooth wear or breakage during transmission. In addition, the reduced contact area between the outer peripheral wall and the buffer part 20 will weaken the connection between the two and affect the overall structural stability. When D4 is greater than 55mm, the excessively large outer diameter will increase the overall volume and weight of the spline structure. This may not only cause assembly interference with surrounding parts, making it difficult to install in a compact space, but also increase rotational inertia, affecting transmission efficiency. It will also increase material consumption and manufacturing costs. In other words, by ensuring that the outer diameter D4 of the second annular sleeve 12 satisfies the relationship 45mm≤D4≤55mm, this embodiment can provide sufficient structural space for the first annular tooth 13 on the inner circumferential wall, ensuring the meshing depth and strength of the tooth, ensuring the stability of torque transmission, and also making the connection area between the outer circumferential wall and the buffer part 20 moderate, which is conducive to the buffer part 20 uniformly transmitting force and playing a buffering role. At the same time, this outer diameter size is compatible with the installation space of most conventional transmission systems, and has strong versatility.

[0081] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inner diameter D5 of the second annular sleeve 12 (e.g.) Figure 6 As shown, the following relationship is satisfied: 15mm≤D5≤25mm. For example, D5 can be set to 15mm, 15.5mm, 16mm, 16.5mm, 17mm, 17.5mm, 18mm, 18.5mm, 19mm, 19.5mm, 20mm, 20.5mm, 21mm, 21.5mm, 22mm, 22.5mm, 23mm, 23.5mm, 24mm, 24.5mm, 25mm, etc.

[0082] Specifically, when D5 is less than 15mm, the inner diameter is too small, making it difficult for the predetermined rotating shaft to pass through, or causing the fit with the rotating shaft to be too tight, increasing assembly difficulty. It also compresses the size of the first annular tooth 13, resulting in insufficient tooth strength and making it prone to tooth surface wear or tooth root breakage during transmission. When D5 is greater than 25mm, the excessively large inner diameter will increase the gap between the rotating shaft and the second annular sleeve 12, making it prone to radial movement and impact during transmission, affecting meshing accuracy and transmission smoothness. In other words, this embodiment ensures that the inner diameter D5 of the second annular sleeve 12 satisfies the relationship: 15mm≤D5≤25mm. This ensures that the rotating shaft can pass through smoothly and fully mesh with the first annular tooth 13 on the inner circumferential wall, ensuring the efficiency and stability of torque transmission, while preventing excessive gaps between the rotating shaft and the sleeve due to an excessively large inner diameter, thus avoiding shaking or wobbling during transmission. At the same time, the inner diameter is reasonably matched with the outer diameter and thickness of the sleeve, which can reserve enough space for the tooth height and tooth thickness of the first annular tooth 13 while ensuring the structural strength of the sleeve, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of the tooth.

[0083] It is worth mentioning that in motors, the common spline is the powder metallurgy spline, but the manufacturing cost of powder metallurgy splines is relatively high, accounting for a significant portion of the total cost of the rotor. To reduce costs, this application specifically develops a novel spline, a composite structure formed by galvanized plates on both sides and a polypropylene buffer section 20 in the middle. This structure has lower material costs (as shown in Table 1) and a high degree of density, eliminating the risk of internal corrosion. Simultaneously, the buffer section 20 provides stress buffering, and the combination of the galvanized plates and the polypropylene composite structure can jointly withstand high-load impacts. Furthermore, the spline structure in this application is lighter than the powder metallurgy spline structure (as shown in Table 2), reducing the inertia of the high-speed rotating system, improving motor response speed, and reducing shaft load. Moreover, the filling of the buffer section 20 ensures uniform mass distribution, reducing imbalance caused by centrifugal force.

[0084] Table 1. Comparison of manufacturing costs between powder metallurgy splines and the spline structure of this application.

[0085] type Percentage of total cost in rotor section / % Powder metallurgy splines 20 The spline structure of this application 10

[0086] Table 1 shows that, taking a single general-purpose spline and this application as examples, powder metallurgy splines account for 20% of the total cost of the rotor section, while the spline structure in this application accounts for 10% of the total cost of the rotor section. Compared with existing powder metallurgy splines, the spline structure in this application reduces the proportion of the total cost of the rotor section by 10%.

[0087] Table 2. Quality Comparison of Powder Metallurgy Splines and Spline Structures in this Application

[0088] type mass / g Powder metallurgy splines 116 The spline structure of this application 70

[0089] Table 2 shows that, taking a single general-purpose spline as an example, the mass of the novel spline in this application is approximately 70g, while the mass of the powder metallurgy spline structure is approximately 116g. The mass of the two galvanized plates and the overall mass after filling with polypropylene are reduced by approximately 46g compared to the mass of the powder metallurgy spline structure.

[0090] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a device having the spline structure, such as a rotor structure, a motor, and a washing machine. This device with the spline structure includes the aforementioned spline structure, and therefore, it incorporates all the technical effects of the spline structure. Since the technical effects of the spline structure have already been described in detail above, they will not be repeated here.

[0091] Specifically, the spline structure, rotor structure, and motor in this application are not limited to washing machines, but can also be applied to other household appliances. The washing machine in this application includes a washing machine body and a motor. The motor is driven and connected to the drum inside the washing machine body to drive the drum to rotate. The motor includes a stator structure and a rotor structure. The stator structure is located inside the rotor structure. The rotor structure is provided with a spline structure, and the rotor structure is sleeved on the motor shaft through the spline structure.

[0092] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0093] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0094] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A spline structure, characterized in that, include: The sleeve assembly includes a first annular sleeve and a second annular sleeve. The inner peripheral walls of the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve are provided with first annular teeth that are adapted to a predetermined rotating shaft, and the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve are spaced apart along the same axis. The buffer portion, at least a portion of which is disposed between the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve and is connected to the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve as a whole.

2. The spline structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer section includes a ring structure, which is coaxially arranged with the first ring sleeve and the second ring sleeve.

3. The spline structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer portion includes at least one of a polypropylene portion, a glass fiber portion, a polyethylene portion, a soft polyvinyl chloride portion, and a polyamide portion; and / or, Both the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve include galvanized steel sheets.

4. The spline structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first annular sleeve is provided with a first annular boss, and the second annular sleeve is provided with a second annular boss. The first annular boss protrudes from the side of the first annular sleeve away from the second annular sleeve, and the second annular boss protrudes from the side of the second annular sleeve away from the first annular sleeve.

5. The spline structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the protrusion height H1 of the first annular boss satisfies the following relationship: 1mm ≤ H1 ≤ 2mm; and / or, Along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the protrusion height H2 of the second annular boss satisfies the following relationship: 1mm≤H2≤2mm.

6. The spline structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first annular sleeve is provided with a first limiting part, and the second annular sleeve is provided with a second limiting part. The first limiting part and the second limiting part are provided correspondingly to at least install a predetermined structure.

7. The spline structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first limiting part includes at least one of a first clearance notch and a first limiting hole. The first clearance notch is disposed on the peripheral sidewall of the first annular sleeve and recessed from the edge of the first annular sleeve toward the center of the first annular sleeve. The first limiting hole is disposed on the side of the first annular sleeve close to the second annular sleeve and extends in a direction away from the second annular sleeve. The second limiting portion includes at least one of a second clearance notch and a second limiting hole. The second clearance notch is disposed on the peripheral sidewall of the second annular sleeve and recessed from the edge of the second annular sleeve toward the center of the second annular sleeve. The second limiting hole is disposed on the side of the second annular sleeve close to the first annular sleeve and extends in a direction away from the first annular sleeve. Wherein, the first clearance notch is provided corresponding to the second limiting hole, and the first limiting hole is provided corresponding to the second clearance notch; The predetermined structure passes through the first clearance notch and is inserted into the second limiting hole, and / or the predetermined structure passes through the second clearance notch and is inserted into the first limiting hole.

8. The spline structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the depth H3 of the first limiting hole satisfies the relationship: 1mm ≤ H3 ≤ 2mm; and / or, Along the thickness direction of the spline structure, the depth H4 of the second limiting hole satisfies the following relationship: 1mm≤H4≤2mm.

9. The spline structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Both the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve have second annular teeth on their outer peripheral walls, and at least a portion of the buffer portion covers the outer peripheral walls of the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve and fits tightly against the second annular teeth; and / or, The first annular sleeve, the second annular sleeve, and the buffer part are integrally injection molded.

10. A device having the spline structure, characterized in that, The device comprises the spline structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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