A deaerator for a biomass-fired boiler

Abstract

The oxygen remover of the biomass power generation boiler comprises an oxygen remover body, the oxygen remover body comprises an oxygen remover head and a water storage tank arranged in communication with each other, an exhaust port, a spraying assembly, a water spraying grate group and a steam inlet pipe are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the oxygen remover head, the water spraying grate group comprises a first-stage water spraying grate, a second-stage water spraying grate and a third-stage water spraying grate arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the second-stage water spraying grate comprises a base plate, a plurality of second through holes are equidistantly arranged on the base plate, a plurality of flow guide distributors extending upwards are arranged on the base plate, the flow guide distributors are arranged in dislocation with the adjacent second through holes, the lower part of the flow guide distributor is detachably connected with the base plate, and the flow guide distributor has an upwardly inclined flow guide surface. The flow guide surface of the conical spiral flow guide vane is in the shape of a conical spiral, the residence time of water drops or water films to be deoxygenated can be prolonged, the water flow can be forced to rotate along the conical surface through the spiral flow guide surface, a strong centrifugal force field is formed, and the downward flow is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of deaerator technology, specifically a deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass power generation boilers are core equipment for generating electricity using biomass fuels such as agricultural and forestry waste. The deaerator, as an important component of a biomass power generation boiler, primarily functions to remove dissolved oxygen from the water. A deaerator generally includes a spray system, a steam distributor, a water grate, and a water storage tank. Existing deaerators commonly use a flat-laid perforated plate water grate as the steam-water distribution device. Its structure typically consists of horizontally arranged perforated metal plates (pore diameter Φ8-15mm, open area 60%-80%). After the deoxygenated water passes through the spray system or the upper distributor and enters the water grate, it falls freely through the holes, exchanging heat and mass with the rising heating steam to remove dissolved oxygen.

[0003] However, existing water spray grates have the following defects: the deoxygenated water flows through the holes and falls freely in a straight line, resulting in a single contact angle with the steam and insufficient contact time, leading to a short effective contact time; it also causes steam short-circuiting, with some steam escaping directly without participating in the reaction, affecting the deoxygenation effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, this utility model provides a deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler includes a deaerator body, which includes a deaerator head and a water storage tank arranged vertically. The deaerator head has an exhaust port, a spray assembly, a water spray grate assembly, and a steam inlet pipe arranged vertically from top to bottom. The water spray grate assembly includes a primary water spray grate, a secondary water spray grate, and a tertiary water spray grate arranged vertically. The primary, secondary, and tertiary water spray grates are all provided with multiple through holes, and the inner diameter of the through holes of the primary, secondary, and tertiary water spray grates decreases sequentially.

[0007] The secondary water spray grate includes a base plate, on which a plurality of second through holes are equally spaced. A plurality of upwardly extending flow distributors are arranged on the base plate. The flow distributors are staggered with the adjacent second through holes, and the lower part of the flow distributors is detachably connected to the base plate. The flow distributors have an upwardly inclined flow guiding surface.

[0008] The specific structure of the flow distributor is as follows: the flow distributor includes flow guide blades and a base disposed below them. The base plate is provided with mounting holes, which are offset from the second through hole. The base is connected to the base plate through a connector with mounting holes.

[0009] One type of guide vane structure is a conical spiral guide vane with an upper diameter larger than a lower diameter, and the guide surface is the inner spiral surface of the conical spiral guide vane.

[0010] Another structure of the guide vane is that the guide vane includes multiple guide vanes extending obliquely upward, the lower parts of the multiple guide vanes are arranged circumferentially along the edge of the base, and the upper parts of the multiple guide vanes are connected by annular plates.

[0011] The base is positioned at the center of the rectangular unit grid formed by four adjacent second through holes, with the base plate between the four adjacent second through holes.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of guide vanes are arranged in an array on the substrate, and the ratio of the total number of guide vanes to the total number of second through holes is 0.2-0.8.

[0013] To reduce the phenomenon of deoxygenated water flowing straight down freely after passing through the holes and having a single contact angle with the steam, the maximum outer diameter of the conical spiral guide vanes is larger than the length and width of the center of the corresponding rectangular unit grid. The upper part of the conical spiral guide vanes can block the water flow and allow the water to flow down along the guide surface. The guide surface is in the shape of a conical spiral, which can not only prolong the residence time of the water droplets or water film to be deoxygenated, but also force the water to rotate along the conical surface through the spiral guide surface, forming a strong centrifugal force field, which facilitates downward flow.

[0014] Furthermore, the ratio of the upper diameter of the conical spiral guide vane to the maximum inner diameter of the second through hole is 2-5.

[0015] To facilitate the overall installation and disassembly of the flow distributor, adjacent bases are connected by connecting rods. The connecting rods connect adjacent bases in the horizontal and vertical directions, allowing multiple bases to be installed on the base plate at the same time.

[0016] To facilitate the spread of the water film left by the conical spiral guide vanes of the flow distributor on the substrate, increase the contact time with steam, and improve deoxygenation efficiency, a chamfer is provided on the outer edge of the upper surface of the base. The deoxygenated water flows through the conical spiral guide vanes to the conical surface formed by the chamfer, and then flows to the upper surface of the substrate. From the upper surface, it flows downward through the second through hole, which greatly increases the flow path of the water film and prolongs the contact time with steam.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] The primary, secondary, and tertiary water spray grates are all equipped with multiple through holes. The three water spray grates are arranged one above the other to disperse the water flow from the spray assembly into uniform droplets or films, thereby extending the water flow path and avoiding local "dry areas" or "overflow areas".

[0019] The primary water distribution grate forms a coarse layer that initially disperses the water flow and intercepts large particles of impurities (such as welding slag and corrosion products). The secondary water distribution grate refines the water flow, forming a uniform water film or droplets to maximize the steam-water contact area. The tertiary water distribution grate further extends the contact time, ensuring that residual oxygen is fully removed. Through this staged optimization, highly efficient deoxygenation is achieved, making it particularly suitable for high-parameter units and complex water qualities (such as biomass and nuclear power), reducing the phenomenon of steam escaping directly without participating in the reaction and affecting the deoxygenation effect.

[0020] The secondary water grate has multiple conical spiral guide vanes on its base plate. The conical spiral guide vanes are offset from the second through hole. The conical spiral guide vanes have a spiral guide surface, which can not only prolong the residence time of the water droplets or water film to be deoxygenated, but also force the water flow to rotate along the conical surface through the spiral guide surface, forming a strong centrifugal force field, which facilitates downward flow.

[0021] To reduce the phenomenon that deoxygenated water flows straight down freely after passing through the holes and has a single contact angle with the steam, the maximum outer diameter of the conical spiral guide vanes is greater than the length and width of the center of the corresponding rectangular unit grid. The upper part of the conical spiral guide vanes can block the water flow, allowing the water to flow down along the guide surface. Attached Figure Description

[0022] In the attached diagram:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of Example 1;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the two-stage water spray grate structure in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Top view;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guide plate and annular plate structure in Example 2;

[0029] The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are:

[0030] 1. Deaerator head; 2. Water storage tank; 3. Exhaust port; 4. Spray assembly; 5. Spray grate assembly; 501. Primary spray grate; 502. Secondary spray grate; 5021. Base plate; 50211. Second through hole; 50212. Mounting hole; 5022. Guide vane; 5023. Base; 5024. Connecting rod; 5025. Guide surface; 503. Tertiary spray grate; 504. Through hole; 6. Steam inlet pipe; 7. Connector; 8. Guide vane; 9. Annular plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Example 1:

[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler includes a deaerator body, which includes a deaerator head 1 and a water storage tank 2 arranged vertically. The deaerator head 1 has an exhaust port 3, a spray assembly 4, a water spray grate group 5, and a steam inlet pipe 6 arranged vertically from top to bottom inside. The water spray grate group 5 includes a primary water spray grate 501, a secondary water spray grate 502, and a tertiary water spray grate 503 arranged vertically. The primary water spray grate 501, the secondary water spray grate 502, and the tertiary water spray grate 503 are all provided with multiple through holes 504, and the inner diameter of the through holes 504 of the primary water spray grate 501, the secondary water spray grate 502, and the tertiary water spray grate 503 decreases sequentially.

[0033] The primary water spray grate 501, the secondary water spray grate 502, and the tertiary water spray grate 503 are all provided with multiple through holes 504. The three water spray grates are arranged one above the other to disperse the water flow sprayed by the spray assembly 4 into uniform droplets or films, thereby extending the falling path of the water flow and avoiding local "dry areas" or "overflow areas".

[0034] The primary water distribution grate 501 is a coarse distribution layer that initially disperses the water flow and intercepts large particles of impurities (such as welding slag and corrosion products). The secondary water distribution grate 502 can refine the water flow, forming a uniform water film or droplets, maximizing the steam-water contact area. The tertiary water distribution grate 503 can further extend the contact time to ensure that residual oxygen is fully removed. Through graded optimization, efficient deoxygenation is achieved, which is especially suitable for high-parameter units and complex water quality (such as biomass boilers).

[0035] The secondary water spray grate 502 includes a substrate 5021, on which a plurality of second through holes 50211 are equally spaced. A plurality of upwardly extending flow distributors are arranged on the substrate 5021. The flow distributors are staggered with the adjacent second through holes 50211, and the lower part of the flow distributors is detachably connected to the substrate 5021. The flow distributors have an upwardly inclined flow guiding surface 5025.

[0036] The specific structure of the flow distributor is as follows: the flow distributor includes a flow guide vane 5022 and a base 5023 disposed below it. A mounting hole 50212 is provided on the substrate 5021. The mounting hole 50212 is offset from the second through hole 50211. The base 5023 is connected to the substrate 5021 through a connector 7 passing through the mounting hole 50212. The base 5023 is positioned at the center of the rectangular unit grid formed by four adjacent second through holes 50211, with the substrate 5021 between the four adjacent second through holes 50211.

[0037] Multiple guide vanes 5022 are arranged in a matrix on the substrate 5021, and the ratio of the total number of guide vanes 5022 to the total number of second through holes 50211 is 0.2-0.8, so that the guide vanes 5022 occupy a certain range of the substrate 5021, which facilitates the collection of more deoxygenated water left above through the guide surface 5025.

[0038] One structure of the guide vane 5022 is that the guide vane 5022 is a conical spiral guide vane 5022, with its upper diameter being larger than its lower diameter, and the guide surface 5025 being the inner spiral surface of the conical spiral guide vane 5022. The ratio of the upper diameter of the conical spiral guide vane 5022 to the maximum inner diameter of the second through hole 50211 is 2-5.

[0039] To reduce the phenomenon of deoxygenated water flowing straight down freely after passing through the holes and having a single contact angle with the steam, the maximum outer diameter of the conical spiral guide vanes 5022 is greater than the length and width of the center of the corresponding rectangular unit grid. The upper part of the conical spiral guide vanes 5022 can block the water flow and allow the water to flow down along the guide surface 5025. The guide surface 5025 is in the shape of a conical spiral, which can not only prolong the residence time of the water droplets or water film to be deoxygenated, but also force the water to rotate along the conical surface through the spiral guide surface 5025, forming a strong centrifugal force field, which facilitates downward flow.

[0040] To facilitate the overall installation and disassembly of the flow distributor, adjacent bases 5023 are connected by connecting rods 5024. The connecting rods 5024 connect adjacent bases 5023 in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that multiple bases 5023 can be installed on the base plate 5021 at the same time.

[0041] To facilitate the spread of the water film left by the conical spiral guide vanes 5022 of the flow distributor on the substrate 5021, thereby increasing the contact time with steam and improving deoxygenation efficiency, a chamfer is provided on the outer edge of the upper surface of the base 5023. The deoxygenated water flows through the conical spiral guide vanes 5022 to the conical surface formed by the chamfer, and then flows to the upper surface of the substrate 5021. From the upper surface, it flows downward through the second through hole 50211, which greatly increases the flow path of the water film and prolongs the contact time with steam.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] See Figure 6 As shown, the difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 lies in the structure of the guide vane 5022. The guide vane 5022 in Embodiment 2 comprises multiple upwardly extending guide plates 8. The lower parts of the multiple guide plates 8 are arranged circumferentially along the edge of the base 5023, and the upper parts of the multiple guide plates 8 are connected by annular plates 9. This facilitates water flow through the guide surface 5025 of the guide plate 8 downwards to the upper end face of the substrate 5021, and then flows downwards through the upper end face. This extends the residence time of the water droplets or water film to be deoxygenated, facilitating sufficient contact with steam and improving deoxygenation efficiency.

Claims

1. A deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler, comprising a deaerator body, the deaerator body including a deaerator head (1) and a water storage tank (2) arranged vertically in communication, characterized in that, The deaerator head (1) is provided with an exhaust port (3), a spray assembly (4), a water grate assembly (5) and a steam inlet pipe (6) from top to bottom. The water grate assembly (5) includes a first-stage water grate (501), a second-stage water grate (502) and a third-stage water grate (503) arranged vertically. The first-stage water grate (501), the second-stage water grate (502) and the third-stage water grate (503) are all provided with multiple through holes (504), and the inner diameter of the through holes (504) of the first-stage water grate (501), the second-stage water grate (502) and the third-stage water grate (503) decreases sequentially. The secondary water spray grate (502) includes a base plate (5021), on which a plurality of second through holes (50211) are equally spaced. A plurality of upwardly extending flow distributors are arranged on the base plate (5021), the flow distributors are staggered with the adjacent second through holes (50211), and the lower part of the flow distributors is detachably connected to the base plate (5021). The flow distributors have an upwardly inclined flow guiding surface (5025).

2. The deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow distributor includes a flow guide blade (5022) and a base (5023) disposed thereunder. The base plate (5021) is provided with a mounting hole (50212). The mounting hole (50212) is offset from the second through hole (50211). The base (5023) is connected to the base plate (5021) through a connector (7) that passes through the mounting hole (50212).

3. The deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide vane (5022) is a conical spiral guide vane with an upper diameter greater than a lower diameter, and the guide surface (5025) is the inner spiral surface of the conical spiral guide vane.

4. The deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide vane (5022) includes a plurality of guide vanes (8) extending obliquely upward. The lower part of the plurality of guide vanes (8) is arranged circumferentially along the edge of the base (5023), and the upper part of the plurality of guide vanes (8) is connected by annular pieces (9).

5. The deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base (5023) is located at the center of the rectangular unit grid formed by the four adjacent second through holes (50211).

6. The deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple guide vanes (5022) are arranged in a matrix on a substrate (5021), and the ratio of the total number of guide vanes (5022) to the total number of second through holes (50211) is 0.2-0.

8.

7. The deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The maximum outer diameter of each of the conical spiral guide vanes is greater than the length and width of the center of the corresponding rectangular unit grid.

8. The deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the upper diameter of the conical spiral guide vane to the maximum inner diameter of the second through hole (50211) is 2-5.

9. The deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjacent bases (5023) are connected by a connecting rod (5024), which connects the adjacent bases (5023) in the lateral and longitudinal directions.

10. The deaerator for a biomass power generation boiler according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outer edge of the upper surface of the base (5023) is chamfered.

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