Chlorination furnace and nickel-iron alloy separation device
By using a cooling water jacket in the chlorination furnace to form an insulation layer and uniformly distribute the gas, the problem of high corrosion resistance of the equipment was solved, resulting in cost reduction and improved reaction uniformity.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CENT SOUTH UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing chlorination roasting equipment has high costs due to its high corrosion resistance requirements.
The furnace reaction temperature is controlled by a first cooling water jacket. The generated chloride salt forms an insulation layer on the inner wall, reducing the corrosion resistance requirements of the furnace material. Ordinary boiler steel is used as the material. At the same time, chlorine and nitrogen are evenly distributed through multiple air inlets to ensure uniform reaction.
This reduced the production cost of the equipment while improving the uniformity and efficiency of the reaction.
Smart Images
Figure CN224302724U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chlorination equipment, and in particular to chlorination furnaces and nickel-iron alloy separation equipment. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, nickel-iron alloys (Ni-Fe alloys) are widely derived from secondary resources such as laterite nickel ore smelting, stainless steel scrap recycling, electroplating sludge, and nickel-containing waste catalysts. Because nickel and iron coexist tightly in the alloy as solid solutions or intermetallic compounds, traditional wet leaching methods suffer from lengthy extraction processes involving impurity removal and separation. Pyrometallurgical methods (electric furnace melting, selective reduction) are characterized by high energy consumption, significant nickel loss, and large slag production. Therefore, a method of separating nickel and iron through chlorination roasting has been developed. Currently, this method requires the introduction of chlorine gas as a raw material. Chlorine gas is highly corrosive to steel, thus requiring equipment with high corrosion resistance, resulting in high equipment costs. Utility Model Content
[0003] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a chlorination furnace and nickel-iron alloy separation equipment to solve the technical problem of high equipment cost due to high corrosion resistance requirements.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a chlorination furnace, comprising:
[0005] The furnace body has an internal cavity.
[0006] The air inlet is connected to the furnace body.
[0007] The first cooling water jacket is located outside the furnace body.
[0008] The lifting mechanism is capable of moving up and down along the height of the furnace body.
[0009] The chassis is located at the bottom opening of the furnace body and connected to the lifting mechanism. It forms a sealed fit with the bottom opening to support the material inside the furnace body, or it is separated from the bottom opening to enable feeding and discharging of the material into and out of the furnace body.
[0010] According to an embodiment of this application, the chassis includes a chassis body and a threaded sealing part connected to each other. The threaded sealing part is threadedly connected to the bottom opening. The lifting mechanism includes a rotating motor and a transmission assembly. The rotating motor is connected to the chassis body through the transmission assembly.
[0011] According to an embodiment of this application, a second cooling water jacket is also included, which is connected to the side of the chassis body away from the furnace body.
[0012] According to an embodiment of this application, the chassis body has a leak-proof overflow weir on the side facing the furnace body.
[0013] According to an embodiment of this application, it also includes an electric heating device connected to the side of the chassis body away from the furnace body.
[0014] According to an embodiment of this application, the inlet of the outlet of the first cooling water jacket is located above the outlet.
[0015] According to an embodiment of this application, it also includes a protective cover, which surrounds the chassis and the connection between the chassis and the furnace body, and the protective cover has a negative pressure extraction port.
[0016] According to an embodiment of this application, there are multiple air inlets, which are arranged around the bottom of the furnace body.
[0017] This application also provides a nickel-iron alloy separation device, comprising the above-mentioned chlorination furnace, sedimentation separation mechanism, and ferric chloride oxidation mechanism connected in sequence.
[0018] The sedimentation and separation mechanism is equipped with a cooling component on the outside and a first discharge port at the bottom.
[0019] The ferric chloride oxidation mechanism is provided with an oxygen inlet on the outside and a second discharge outlet at the bottom.
[0020] According to the embodiments of this application, both the first discharge port and the second discharge port are funnel-shaped.
[0021] In the aforementioned chlorination furnace, the reaction temperature of the furnace body is controlled by a first cooling water jacket to reduce its overall temperature. During the reaction, the chloride salts generated are deposited on the inner wall due to the cooling water jacket's action. Once the wall reaches a certain thickness, the furnace's insulation layer is constructed. At lower temperatures, such as below 100 degrees Celsius, the reaction rate between chlorine and steel is slow. Therefore, the corrosion resistance requirements for the steel are reduced, allowing the use of ordinary boiler steel as the furnace body material, thus lowering the equipment's production costs. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nickel-iron alloy separation device according to one embodiment of this application.
[0024] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the implementation methods and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0025] 10. Chlorination furnace; 20. Sedimentation separation mechanism; 30. Ferric chloride oxidation mechanism;
[0026] 100. Furnace body; 200. Air inlet; 300. First cooling water jacket; 400. Lifting mechanism; 500. Chassis;
[0027] 310. Inlet; 320. Outlet; 410. Transmission assembly; 420. Rotary motor; 510. Chassis body; 520. Threaded seal; 530. Leak-proof overflow dike; 540. Protective cover; 541. Negative pressure extraction port;
[0028] 21. First discharge port; 31. Second discharge port. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, etc.) in the embodiments of this utility model are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.
[0031] Furthermore, in this utility model, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.
[0032] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of a person skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0033] See Figure 1This utility model provides a chlorination furnace 10, including a furnace body 100, an air inlet 200, a first cooling water jacket 300, a lifting mechanism 400, and a chassis 500. The furnace body 100 has an internal cavity. The air inlet 200 communicates with the furnace body 100. The first cooling water jacket 300 is located outside the furnace body 100. The lifting mechanism 400 can move up and down along the height of the furnace body 100. The chassis 500 is located at the bottom opening of the furnace body 100 and connected to the lifting mechanism 400, forming a sealed fit with the bottom opening to support the material inside the furnace body 100, or it can be separated from the bottom opening to allow for feeding and discharging of material from the furnace body 100.
[0034] The furnace body 100 contains the chlorination chamber where the materials inside undergo a chlorination reaction. The chassis 500 engages with the bottom opening and moves up and down with the lifting mechanism 400, primarily operating in two states. The first state is a sealed engagement between the chassis 500 and the bottom opening, effectively closing the bottom opening. In this state, the chassis 500's main function is to support the materials inside the furnace, such as nickel-iron alloys. The second state is when the chassis 500 is separated from the bottom opening. Moving a certain distance from the bottom opening facilitates the discharge of materials such as products or residues from the furnace, or the addition of new materials into the chassis 500.
[0035] The first cooling water jacket 300 is located outside the furnace body 100, and its main function is to control the furnace wall temperature, thereby preventing corrosion. The chloride salts (ferric chloride and nickel chloride) generated during the reaction are deposited on the inner wall by the cooling water jacket. Once the wall reaches a certain thickness, the furnace insulation layer is constructed. When the temperature inside the furnace decreases, the insulation layer thickness increases (chlorides continue to condense on the inner wall), thus maintaining the reaction; when the temperature inside the furnace increases, the insulation layer thickness decreases (condensed chlorides on the inner wall volatilize), thus lowering the furnace temperature. This effectively regulates the furnace temperature. Overall, the temperature inside the furnace body 100 is relatively low. Taking advantage of the slow reaction rate of chlorine with steel at low temperatures (below 100 degrees Celsius), steel with lower corrosion resistance can be used as the material for manufacturing the furnace body 100 and the chassis 500, reducing the equipment's production cost.
[0036] In the aforementioned chlorination furnace 10, the reaction temperature of the furnace body 100 is controlled by the first cooling water jacket 300 to reduce the temperature. During the reaction, the chloride salts generated form a wall on the inner wall due to the cooling water jacket. Once the wall reaches a certain thickness, the furnace insulation layer is constructed. At lower temperatures, such as below 100 degrees Celsius, the reaction rate between chlorine and steel is slow. Therefore, the corrosion resistance requirements for the steel are reduced, and ordinary boiler steel can be used as the material for the furnace body 100, thus lowering the equipment's production cost.
[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The chassis 500 includes a chassis body 510 and a threaded sealing part 520 connected to each other. The threaded sealing part 520 is threadedly connected to the bottom opening. The lifting mechanism 400 includes a rotating motor 420 and a transmission assembly 410. The rotating motor 420 is connected to the chassis body 510 through the transmission assembly 410.
[0038] In this configuration, the chassis 500 can rotate and rise. When material needs to be discharged, the chassis 500 is unscrewed to lower its height, thus facilitating discharge. The rotation of the motor 420 is transmitted to the chassis 500 via the transmission assembly 410 (such as a transmission gear set), causing the chassis 500 to rise and fall with a screw, controlling both discharge and feeding.
[0039] Because of this method, the chassis 500 and the furnace body 100 have good sealing performance, and the lifting height of the chassis 500 can be controlled more precisely, thereby controlling the discharge speed.
[0040] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 It also includes a second cooling water jacket, which is connected to the side of the chassis body 510 away from the furnace body 100.
[0041] During the reaction, since the chassis 500 is equipped with a cooling water jacket, it can be made of ordinary boiler steel. Moreover, the second cooling water jacket allows chloride salts to condense and solidify in the gaps between the threaded seal 520 and the bottom opening, thereby filling the gaps and enhancing the sealing effect.
[0042] In some embodiments, the chassis body 510 has a leak-proof overflow weir 530 on the side facing the furnace body 100.
[0043] An overflow prevention dike 530 is arranged around the outer periphery of the chassis body 510. It is an annular wall that protrudes from the surface of the chassis body 510, forming a cavity capable of containing liquid chloride salt.
[0044] The overflow prevention weir 530 works in conjunction with the second cooling water jacket to reduce the sealing requirements of the spiral sealing device. Specifically, when liquid chloride flows into the sealing port, the cooling device first causes it to condense into a solid at gaps, thus filling the gaps. If the liquid chloride continues to leak from the chassis 500, it enters the overflow prevention weir 530. The presence of the weir increases the liquid height, allowing the liquid to flow back into the connecting gaps. Simultaneously, due to the large area of the weir, the liquid chloride continues to cool and solidify within the weir, thereby sealing the gaps around the furnace bottom.
[0045] In some embodiments, an electric heating device is also included, which is connected to the side of the chassis body 510 away from the furnace body 100.
[0046] When the reaction is complete and the material needs to be discharged, the chloride salts that have condensed on the base plate 500 and the screw interface make it difficult to open the screw. Therefore, the base plate 500 can be heated to turn the solid chloride salts into liquid, thereby reducing the difficulty of opening the base plate 500.
[0047] In some embodiments, the inlet 310 of the outlet 320 of the first cooling water jacket 300 is located above the outlet 320.
[0048] Cooling water enters from the lower inlet 310 and exits from the upper outlet 320, carrying away heat during operation. This method provides good cooling performance. In some embodiments, a protective cover 540 is also included, which surrounds the chassis 500 and the connection between the chassis 500 and the furnace body 100. The protective cover 540 has a negative pressure port 541.
[0049] By drawing a vacuum through the negative pressure port 541, the protective cover 540 is in a negative pressure state compared to the outside, which can prevent the gas inside the furnace body 100 from overflowing from the chassis 500 (especially during feeding and discharging).
[0050] In some embodiments, there are multiple air inlets 200, which are arranged around the bottom of the furnace body 100.
[0051] The main function of the air inlet 200 is to introduce a mixture of chlorine and nitrogen into the furnace body 100. Multiple air inlets 200 facilitate the uniform distribution of the mixed gas within the furnace body 100, resulting in a more uniform reaction.
[0052] This application also provides a nickel-iron alloy separation device, comprising the aforementioned chlorination furnace 10, sedimentation separation mechanism 20, and ferric chloride oxidation mechanism 30 connected in sequence. The sedimentation separation mechanism 20 is externally equipped with a cooling component and has a first discharge port 21 at its bottom. The ferric chloride oxidation mechanism 30 is externally equipped with an oxygen inlet 200 and has a second discharge port 31 at its bottom.
[0053] The main function of chlorination furnace 10 is to add alloys and introduce chlorine gas into the equipment, so that the nickel and iron in the alloy are converted into gaseous chlorides.
[0054] The sedimentation separation mechanism 20 mainly uses cooling components such as cooling coils to lower the temperature, i.e., controlling the conditions (300-500℃), to convert gaseous nickel chloride into solid and precipitate, while gaseous ferric chloride remains gaseous. The solid nickel chloride accumulates at the bottom and can be discharged from the first discharge port 21.
[0055] The ferric chloride oxidation mechanism 30 primarily reacts gaseous ferric chloride with oxygen to generate solid iron oxide and chlorine gas. The solid iron oxide accumulates at the bottom and can be discharged from the second outlet 31.
[0056] In some embodiments, both the first discharge port 21 and the second discharge port 31 are funnel-shaped. This design provides good material collection and facilitates material discharge.
[0057] The above technical solutions of this utility model are merely preferred embodiments and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this utility model using the contents of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A chlorination furnace, characterized in that, include: The furnace body has an internal cavity; The air inlet is connected to the furnace body; The first cooling water jacket is located outside the furnace body; The lifting mechanism is capable of moving up and down along the height of the furnace body; The chassis is located at the bottom opening of the furnace body and connected to the lifting mechanism. It forms a sealed fit with the bottom opening to support the material inside the furnace body, or it is separated from the bottom opening to enable feeding and discharging of the material into and out of the furnace body.
2. The chlorination furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chassis includes a chassis body and a threaded sealing part connected to each other. The threaded sealing part is threadedly connected to the bottom opening. The lifting mechanism includes a rotating motor and a transmission assembly. The rotating motor is connected to the chassis body through the transmission assembly.
3. The chlorination furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a second cooling water jacket, which is connected to the side of the chassis body away from the furnace body.
4. The chlorination furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The chassis body has a leak-proof overflow weir on the side facing the furnace body.
5. The chlorination furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an electric heating device, which is connected to the side of the chassis body away from the furnace body.
6. The chlorination furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the first cooling water jacket is located above the outlet.
7. The chlorination furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a protective cover that surrounds the chassis and the connection between the chassis and the furnace body, and the protective cover has a negative pressure extraction port.
8. The chlorination furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The number of air inlets is multiple, and the multiple air inlets are arranged around the bottom of the furnace body.
9. A nickel-iron alloy separation device, characterized in that, The chlorination furnace, sedimentation separation mechanism, and ferric chloride oxidation mechanism, as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, are connected in sequence. The sedimentation and separation mechanism is equipped with a cooling component and a first discharge port at the bottom. The ferric chloride oxidation mechanism is provided with an oxygen inlet on the outside and a second discharge outlet at the bottom.
10. The nickel-iron alloy separation equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, Both the first and second discharge ports are funnel-shaped.