A cable tunnel space fire experiment device
By designing a cable tunnel fire experimental device to simulate fire conditions and obtain key characteristic parameters, the problem of high fire risk and difficult rescue in cable tunnels was solved, and the fire protection level of cable tunnels was improved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TIANJIN SHENGDA SECURITY TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Cable tunnels pose a high risk of fire and are difficult to rescue. Existing technologies are insufficient to effectively monitor and respond to fires, which affects safety and economic losses.
Design a cable tunnel space fire experimental device, including a cable tunnel experimental space, a burner, an image acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, a smoke analysis module, and a fire extinguishing module, to simulate fire conditions and obtain key characteristic parameters to improve fire protection level.
By simulating fire scenarios, key characteristic parameters can be obtained, providing a reference for fire protection design and rescue in cable tunnels, thereby reducing economic losses and threats to life.
Smart Images
Figure CN224304278U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cable tunnel technology, and more specifically, to a cable tunnel space fire test device. Background Technology
[0002] With shrinking urban land areas and scarce resources, many power companies are choosing to build cable tunnels to save space. However, in this context, the dense network of cables becomes a significant fire risk factor in cable tunnels. Cables are easily affected by external factors, leading to fires. Furthermore, the limited space within the tunnels makes fire rescue operations extremely difficult, and it is often challenging to monitor the fire situation inside. Therefore, the safety and stability of cable tunnels are of paramount importance.
[0003] Therefore, it is extremely necessary to explore fire protection strategies for cable tunnel spaces. How to reduce the probability of fires in cable tunnel spaces and analyze the key characteristic parameters of fires in cable tunnel spaces, thereby improving the fire protection capabilities of cable tunnels, is of great necessity and practical significance. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a cable tunnel space fire experimental device to simulate the situation of a fire in a cable tunnel space, obtain key characteristic parameters of cable tunnel space fires, thereby specifically improving the fire protection level of cable tunnels and avoiding unnecessary economic losses and threats to public safety.
[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution.
[0006] This utility model discloses a cable tunnel space fire experimental device, which includes a cable tunnel experimental space. The cable tunnel experimental space is equipped with a horizontal cable tray for placing cables, a burner for igniting cables, an image acquisition module for collecting real-time images of cable combustion, a temperature acquisition module for collecting temperature data from various temperature measuring points in the cable tunnel experimental space, a smoke analysis module for analyzing the smoke situation when a fire occurs in the cable tunnel experimental space, and a fire extinguishing module for extinguishing the fire in the cable tunnel experimental space.
[0007] Furthermore, the cable tunnel experimental space is constructed with a non-combustible enclosure structure, and the cable tunnel experimental space is equipped with fire doors, which are equipped with observation windows.
[0008] Furthermore, the cable tray adopts a height-adjustable and detachable layered structure, with passageways between adjacent cable trays.
[0009] Furthermore, the burner is a propane gas burner, located at the middle position of the lowest part of any cable tray.
[0010] Furthermore, the image acquisition module consists of a camera and a computer. The camera is installed inside the cable tunnel experimental space and outside the observation window, respectively, while the computer is installed outside the cable tunnel experimental space.
[0011] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition module consists of multiple thermocouples, which are deployed at any location on the top and between layers of the cable tray, in the walkways between cable trays, near the burner, and in the experimental space of the cable tunnel.
[0012] Furthermore, the flue gas analysis module consists of an intake sampling tube and an electrochemical sensor. The intake sampling tube is installed inside the cable tunnel experimental space at the location where flue gas needs to be collected, and the electrochemical sensor is installed outside the cable tunnel experimental space. Its input end is connected to each intake sampling tube, and its output end is connected to a computer outside the cable tunnel experimental space.
[0013] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing module consists of a water distribution pipe and nozzles. The water distribution pipe is located at the top of the cable tunnel experimental space, and multiple nozzles are installed on the water distribution pipe for spraying water onto the burning cable.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of this utility model are:
[0015] This utility model relates to a cable tunnel space fire experimental device, which includes a temperature acquisition module, an image acquisition module, a fire extinguishing module, and a smoke analysis module set up in the cable tunnel experimental space. It can simulate the situation when a fire occurs in the cable tunnel space, obtain key characteristic parameters of the fire in the cable tunnel experimental space, and conduct experiments on the temperature field characteristics, hazards, and fire extinguishing effectiveness during the fire. It provides reference and basis for the fire protection design, fire prevention, and fire rescue of cable tunnel spaces, and specifically improves the fire protection level of cable tunnels, avoiding unnecessary economic losses and threats to public safety. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of the experimental device for space fire in cable tunnels according to this utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a side view of the experimental device for space fire in cable tunnels according to this utility model.
[0018] Figure labels: 1-Cable tunnel experimental space, 2-Cable tray, 3-Fire door, 4-Observation window, 5-Thermocouple, 6-Burner, 7-Camera, 8-Computer, 9-Nozzle, 10-Water distribution pipe, 11-Gas sampling pipe, 12-Electrochemical sensor, 13-Cable. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cable tunnel space fire experimental device of this utility model mainly includes a cable tunnel experimental space 1, a cable tray 2, a burner 6, an image acquisition module, a temperature acquisition module, a smoke analysis module, and a fire extinguishing module.
[0021] In the above-mentioned device, the cable tunnel experimental space 1 can be constructed with a non-combustible enclosure structure. The cable tunnel experimental space 1 can be equipped with a fire door 3, and an observation window 4 can be installed on the fire door 3. For example, the cable tunnel experimental space 1 is 3.6m long, 2.4m wide, and 2.4m high, and is constructed with fireproof boards with a fire resistance rating of more than 2 hours. A fire door 3 with a height of 2.0m and a width of 0.8m is installed on the short side, and an observation window 4 with fireproof glass is installed on the fire door 3. The observation window 4 is 1.0m long and 0.6m wide.
[0022] In the aforementioned device, the cable tray 2 can adopt a height-adjustable and detachable layered structure. One cable tray 2 can be arranged laterally on each side of the cable tunnel experimental space 1, with an aisle between adjacent cable trays 2. During the experiment, cables are placed in each layer of each cable tray 2, making the temperature measuring points adjustable. For example, each cable tray 2 can be configured with 7 layers, each cable tray 2 with a width of 600mm, an adjacent layer spacing of 200mm, and the bottom layer 300mm from the ground. An aisle of 0.8m to 1.0m is left between two cable trays 2.
[0023] In the above-mentioned device, the burner 6 can be a propane gas burner with a heat release rate of 250kW. The burner 6 can be installed in the middle of the bottom layer of any cable tray 2, and can ignite the cable 13 at any time during the experiment.
[0024] In the aforementioned apparatus, the image acquisition module is used to acquire real-time image data of the cable 13 burning in the cable tunnel experimental space 1 during the experiment. The image acquisition module can consist of a camera 7 and a computer 8. The camera 7 is positioned both inside the cable tunnel experimental space 1 and outside the observation window 4, while the computer 8 is positioned outside the cable tunnel experimental space 1. The camera 7 uploads the real-time acquired image data to the computer 8. For example, two cameras 7 can be installed inside the cable tunnel experimental space 1, and one camera can be installed at the observation window outside the cable tunnel experimental space 1.
[0025] In the aforementioned device, the temperature acquisition module is used to collect temperature data from various temperature measuring points within the cable tunnel experimental space 1. The temperature acquisition module can consist of multiple thermocouples 5, which can be deployed at any location within the cable tray 2 (top and between layers), in the cable tray aisles, near the burner 6, and within the cable tunnel experimental space 1, as needed for the experiment. Each thermocouple 5 uploads the real-time collected temperature data to the computer 8.
[0026] For example: One set of thermocouples 5 is installed at the center of each layer of each cable tray 2. Each set of thermocouples 5 is spaced 0.6m apart along the length of cable 13, resulting in a total of 2 × 7 × 5 = 70 thermocouple measurement points. Three sets of thermocouples are installed in the walkway between two cable trays 2, with a 0.9m interval between each set. The middle set has 5 measurement points, and each side has 3 measurement points, for a total of 5 + 3 + 3 = 11 thermocouple measurement points. One thermocouple measurement point is installed above the burner 6. A total of 92 thermocouple measurement points are deployed within the entire cable tunnel experimental space 1.
[0027] In the aforementioned device, the smoke analysis module is used to analyze the smoke situation when a fire occurs in the cable tunnel experimental space 1. The smoke analysis module can be composed of a suction sampling tube 91 and an electrochemical sensor 92. The suction sampling tube 91 is set at each location in the cable tunnel experimental space 1 where smoke needs to be collected. The electrochemical sensor 92 is set outside the cable tunnel experimental space 1, with its input end connected to each suction sampling tube 91 and its output end connected to a computer 92 outside the cable tunnel experimental space 1.
[0028] In the aforementioned device, the fire extinguishing module can be used to conduct fire extinguishing experiments when a fire occurs in the cable tunnel experimental space 1, as needed. The fire extinguishing module consists of a water distribution pipe 10 and nozzles 9. The water distribution pipe 10 is located at the top of the cable tunnel experimental space 1, and multiple nozzles 9 are arranged on the water distribution pipe 10 for spraying water onto the burning cable 13. Multiple nozzles 9 are installed at the top of the cable tunnel experimental space 1 to ensure that the top layer of all cable trays 2 is covered as much as possible.
[0029] Before the experiment, check the signals at each measuring point to ensure the testing system is functioning correctly. Ignite cable 13 in the middle of the bottom layer of cable tray 2 using burner 6, simultaneously activating the image acquisition module, temperature acquisition module, and flue gas analysis module. Record the experiment time with a stopwatch, starting from ignition, and document any significant events occurring during the experiment. Observe the temperature curves at each measuring point where thermocouple 5 is located and record the temperature at each point. Observe and record key points and important events during the experiment, such as the large-scale ignition of cables 13 on the side where burner 6 is located and the ignition of cables on the opposite side of burner 6. Observe the flue gas composition change curve and record each component. When the combustion reaches its maximum scale, activate the fire extinguishing module, observe the fire extinguishing effect, and record the temperature curve and flue gas composition changes. After the experiment, use a high-pressure water gun to completely extinguish the flames and combustibles in the cable tunnel experimental space 1.
[0030] Although the functions and working processes of this utility model have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this utility model is not limited to the specific functions and working processes described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these are within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A cable tunnel space fire test apparatus, comprising a cable tunnel test space (1), characterized in that, The cable tunnel experimental space (1) is equipped with a horizontal cable tray (2) for placing cables (13), a burner (6) for igniting cables (13), an image acquisition module for collecting real-time images of the burning cables (13), a temperature acquisition module for collecting temperature data from various temperature measurement points in the cable tunnel experimental space (1), a smoke analysis module for analyzing the smoke situation when a fire occurs in the cable tunnel experimental space (1), and a fire extinguishing module for extinguishing fires in the cable tunnel experimental space (1).
2. The experimental apparatus for space fire in cable tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable tunnel experimental space (1) is constructed with a non-combustible enclosure structure. The cable tunnel experimental space (1) is equipped with a fire door (3) and an observation window (4) is provided on the fire door (3).
3. The experimental apparatus for space fire in cable tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable tray (2) adopts a layered structure with adjustable height and detachable structure, and a passage is left between two adjacent cable trays (2).
4. The experimental apparatus for space fire in cable tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The burner (6) is a propane gas burner, which is located at the middle position of the bottom of any cable tray (2).
5. The experimental apparatus for space fire in cable tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image acquisition module consists of a camera (7) and a computer (8). The camera (7) is set inside the cable tunnel experimental space (1) and outside the observation window (4), respectively, and the computer (8) is set outside the cable tunnel experimental space (1).
6. The experimental apparatus for space fire in cable tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature acquisition module consists of multiple thermocouples (5), which are placed at any location on the top and between layers of the cable tray (2), in the walkway between cable trays, near the burner (6), and in the experimental space (1) of the cable tunnel.
7. The experimental apparatus for space fire in cable tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas analysis module consists of an intake sampling tube (11) and an electrochemical sensor (12). The intake sampling tube (11) is set inside the cable tunnel experimental space (1) at the location where flue gas needs to be collected. The electrochemical sensor (12) is set outside the cable tunnel experimental space (1), with its input end connected to each intake sampling tube (11) and its output end connected to the computer (8) outside the cable tunnel experimental space (1).
8. The experimental apparatus for space fire in cable tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing module consists of a water distribution pipe (10) and a nozzle (9). The water distribution pipe (10) is located at the top of the cable tunnel experimental space (1). Multiple nozzles (9) are arranged on the water distribution pipe (10) for spraying water onto the burning cable (13).