Cooling module and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of cooling module and energy storage system, the energy storage system includes battery cluster, with opposite top end surface and bottom end surface, the battery cluster includes the multiple layers of battery package being spaced apart along the height direction of the battery cluster;Refrigerator, including pipeline interface;Cooling pipeline, the cooling pipeline includes first cooling pipeline and second cooling pipeline the inlet of the first cooling pipeline and the inlet of the second cooling pipeline are connected with the pipeline interface;Wherein, the flow direction of cooling medium in the first cooling pipeline is opposite with the flow direction in the second cooling pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to a cooling module and energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] As an important form of energy storage in the energy system, energy storage containers house at least one battery cluster, which is cooled by an air-cooling system. This system includes air conditioning and cooling ducts. The cooling ducts are typically located at the top of the battery cluster and extend downwards within it. This results in greater airflow and lower cooling temperatures at the top outlets of the cooling ducts, leading to better heat dissipation for the corresponding battery pack. Conversely, the airflow at the bottom outlets of the cooling ducts is greater, resulting in lower temperatures and poorer heat dissipation for the corresponding battery pack. This negatively impacts the overall heat dissipation of the energy storage container, leading to significant temperature differences between the battery pack layers and ultimately reducing the overall lifespan of the container. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of this utility model provide a cooling module and an energy storage system, which can improve the technical problem of uneven cooling effect in energy storage systems.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an energy storage system, comprising:

[0005] A battery cluster having opposing top and bottom surfaces, the battery cluster comprising multiple layers of battery packs spaced apart along the height direction of the battery cluster;

[0006] Refrigerator, including pipe connections;

[0007] The cooling pipe includes a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe, wherein the inlet of the first cooling pipe and the inlet of the second cooling pipe are both connected to the pipe interface;

[0008] A portion of the first cooling pipe and a portion of the second cooling pipe are both disposed between the top end face and the bottom end face, and the flow direction of the cooling medium in the first cooling pipe is opposite to the flow direction in the second cooling pipe.

[0009] In some embodiments, the inlet of the first cooling pipe is disposed closer to the bottom end face than the inlet of the second cooling pipe, and the inlet of the second cooling pipe is disposed closer to the top end face than the inlet of the first cooling pipe, and each layer of the battery pack is configured to be cooled simultaneously by the first cooling pipe and the second cooling pipe.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first cooling pipe and the second cooling pipe are arranged side by side along the length or width of the battery pack, and each layer of the battery pack includes a first battery module and a second battery module. The first cooling pipe is configured to cool the first battery module, and the second cooling pipe is configured to cool the second battery module.

[0011] In some embodiments, the battery pack includes a housing, the housing having a first air inlet and a second air inlet; the first cooling pipe having a plurality of first air outlets on one side facing the battery cluster, and the second cooling pipe having a plurality of second air outlets on one side facing the battery cluster; wherein, the first air inlet is connected to the first air outlet of the corresponding group, and the first air inlet corresponds to the first battery module, the second air inlet is connected to the second air outlet of the corresponding group, and the second air inlet corresponds to the second battery module.

[0012] In some embodiments, the pipe interface includes a first cooling pipe interface and a second cooling pipe interface, wherein the inlet of the first cooling pipe is connected to the first cooling pipe interface, and the inlet of the second cooling pipe is connected to the second cooling pipe interface; wherein the first cooling pipe interface and the second cooling pipe interface are spaced apart from each other to independently provide the cooling medium.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first cooling pipe includes a first cooling pipe interface section and a first cooling pipe cooling section connected to each other. The first cooling pipe interface section is bent and connected between the first cooling pipe interface and the first cooling pipe cooling section. The first cooling pipe cooling section extends from the bottom end face of the battery cluster to the top end face.

[0014] In some embodiments, the second cooling pipe includes a second cooling pipe interface section and a second cooling pipe cooling section connected to each other. The second cooling pipe interface section is configured as a bent pipe structure. One end of the second cooling pipe interface section is connected to the second cooling pipe interface, and the other end of the second cooling pipe interface section is connected to the second cooling pipe cooling section. The second cooling pipe cooling section extends from the top surface of the battery cluster to the bottom surface.

[0015] In some embodiments, both the first battery module and the second battery module include multiple individual batteries, each of which has at least one temperature sampling point. The energy storage system further includes an electrically connected battery cluster management system and multiple battery pack monitoring units. Each battery pack monitoring unit corresponds to one of the battery packs. The battery pack monitoring unit is configured to acquire temperature data of the temperature sampling points of the first battery module and the second battery module and transmit it to the battery cluster management system. The battery cluster management system is configured to adjust the airflow of the first air outlet or the airflow of the second air outlet based on the temperature data of the temperature sampling points of the first battery module and the second battery module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the battery cluster management system is configured to control the airflow of the first cooling pipe interface and thereby adjust the airflow of the first air outlet; or, the battery cluster management system is configured to control the airflow of the second cooling pipe interface and thereby adjust the airflow of the second air outlet.

[0017] In some embodiments, both the first battery module and the second battery module include multiple individual batteries, each of which has at least one temperature sampling point. The energy storage system further includes a battery cluster management system and multiple battery pack monitoring units connected to each other. Each battery pack monitoring unit corresponds to one layer of the battery pack. The battery pack monitoring unit is configured to acquire temperature data of the temperature sampling points of the first battery module and the second battery module and transmit it to the battery cluster management system. The battery cluster management system is configured to adjust the temperature of the cooling medium at the first air outlet or the temperature of the cooling medium at the second air outlet based on the temperature data of the temperature sampling points of the first battery module and the second battery module.

[0018] In some embodiments, the pipe interface includes a first cooling pipe interface and a second cooling pipe interface, the first cooling pipe is connected to the first cooling pipe interface, the second cooling pipe is connected to the second cooling pipe interface, and the battery cluster management system is configured to control the temperature of the cooling medium at the first cooling pipe interface to adjust the temperature of the cooling medium at the first air outlet; or, the battery cluster management system is configured to control the temperature of the cooling medium at the second cooling pipe interface to adjust the temperature of the cooling medium at the second air outlet.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this utility model provide a cooling module for an energy storage system, the cooling module including the cooling pipes and cooler of the energy storage system described above.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] In an embodiment of this utility model, by providing a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe between the top and bottom surfaces of the battery cluster, and with the cooling medium flowing in the opposite direction in the first cooling pipe to the second cooling pipe, one of the first and second cooling pipes has the best cooling effect near the bottom of the battery cluster and the worst cooling effect near the top of the battery cluster, while the other of the first and second cooling pipes has the worst cooling effect near the bottom of the battery cluster and the best cooling effect near the top of the battery cluster. Therefore, the cooling effect provided by the first and second cooling pipes simultaneously to the battery pack at the top of the battery cluster is basically the same as that provided by the first and second cooling pipes simultaneously to the battery pack at the bottom of the battery cluster, thereby maintaining a uniform temperature for each layer of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy storage system from one perspective, provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an energy storage system from another perspective, provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the battery pack housing provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a front view of the first cooling pipe, the second cooling pipe, and the cooler after they are connected, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of a single battery provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 8This is a control diagram of the thermal management system of the energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a flow chart of a thermal management method for an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a flow chart of a thermal management method for an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a flow chart of a thermal management method for an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 3 ;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a flow chart of a thermal management method for an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 4 .

[0035] Icon labels:

[0036] 100. Energy storage system;

[0037] 1. Battery cluster; 111. Top surface; 112. Bottom surface; 113. Left side; 114. Right side; 115. Front side; 116. Rear side; 12. Battery pack; 121. Top layer battery pack; 122. Bottom layer battery pack; 13. First battery module; 14. Second battery module; 151. First air inlet; 152. Second air inlet; 16. Housing; 17. Individual battery cell; 18. Temperature sampling point;

[0038] 2. Refrigerator; 21. First cooling pipe interface; 22. Second cooling pipe interface;

[0039] 31. First cooling pipe; 311. First cooling pipe inlet; 312. First air outlet; 313. First cooling pipe interface section; 314. First cooling pipe cooling section; 32. Second cooling pipe; 321. Second cooling pipe inlet; 322. Second air outlet; 324. Second cooling pipe cooling section; 323. Second cooling pipe interface section;

[0040] 4. Battery rack; 41. Upright column; 42. Crossbeam; 43. Side beam;

[0041] 5. Battery cluster management system;

[0042] 6. Battery pack monitoring unit. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustration and explanation of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. In the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of the device in actual use or operation, specifically the drawing directions in the accompanying drawings; while "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0044] As an important form of energy storage in the energy system, energy storage containers have advantages such as high capacity, high reliability, high flexibility, and strong environmental adaptability. The heat dissipation system in the energy storage container has a significant impact on its performance.

[0045] As an important form of energy storage in the energy system, energy storage containers house at least one battery cluster, which is cooled by an air-cooling system. This system includes air conditioning and cooling ducts. The cooling ducts are typically located at the top of the battery cluster and extend downwards within it. This results in greater airflow and lower cooling temperatures at the top outlets of the cooling ducts, leading to better heat dissipation for the corresponding battery pack. Conversely, the airflow at the bottom outlets of the cooling ducts is greater, resulting in lower airflow and higher cooling temperatures, leading to poorer heat dissipation for the corresponding battery pack. This negatively impacts the overall heat dissipation of the energy storage container, causing significant temperature differences between the battery pack layers and ultimately reducing the overall lifespan of the container.

[0046] The embodiments of this application provide an improved cooling pipe structure inside an energy storage container, which enables the cooling pipes to provide essentially the same cooling effect to battery packs at different heights, thereby improving the uniformity of cooling effect for the same battery pack within the battery cluster.

[0047] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system 100, which includes a battery cluster housing (not shown in the figure), at least one battery cluster 1, a cooler 2, cooling pipes, and a battery rack 4.

[0048] The battery cluster housing is constructed in the form of a container. At least one battery cluster 1, a first cooling pipe 31 and a second cooling pipe 32, and a battery rack 4 are all located inside the battery cluster housing. Depending on the number of battery clusters contained inside the battery cluster housing, the battery cluster housing can be equipped with multiple cabinet doors, with multiple cabinet doors corresponding to multiple battery clusters.

[0049] At least one battery cluster 1 is disposed within a battery cluster housing. The battery cluster 1 includes multiple battery packs arranged along the height direction of the battery cluster housing. Each battery pack may contain one or more batteries. The height direction of the battery cluster is defined as the height direction of the battery cluster housing, as shown in the figure below. Figure 1 The Z direction is shown. There can be at least one battery cluster, but there can be multiple battery clusters arranged side-by-side along the length of the battery cluster housing, as shown in the diagram. Figure 1 In the x-direction shown, each layer of battery packs in multiple battery clusters are arranged side by side along the length of the battery cluster box to form a battery cluster group.

[0050] Battery cluster 1 has a top surface 111 and a bottom surface 112 opposite each other along the height direction, a left side surface 113 and a right side surface 114 opposite each other along the width direction y, and a front surface 115 opposite each other along the length direction x. Each battery cluster 1 includes multiple battery packs 12 spaced apart along the height direction z of the battery cluster 1. The battery pack 12 includes a top battery pack 121 located on the top surface 111 of the battery cluster 1 and a bottom battery pack 122 located on the bottom surface 112 of the battery cluster 1. The number of battery packs 12 included in the battery cluster 1 can be any integer between 2 and 10. In one specific embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, battery cluster 1 includes 5 layers of battery pack 12.

[0051] Battery rack 4 is disposed inside the battery cluster housing and is used to install battery packs. When multiple battery clusters are disposed inside the battery cluster housing, multiple battery racks are correspondingly disposed inside the battery cluster housing, with each battery rack accommodating one battery cluster. Battery rack 4 includes multiple uprights 41, multiple crossbeams 42, and multiple side beams 43, wherein the uprights 41 extend along the height direction of the battery cluster, the crossbeams 42 extend along the length direction of the battery cluster, and the side beams 43 extend along the width direction of the battery cluster. The uprights 41, crossbeams 42, and side beams 43 are arranged perpendicularly to each other. The multiple uprights 41, crossbeams 42, and side beams 43 are combined to form multiple battery cavities, each of which is used to accommodate one battery pack.

[0052] Refrigerator 2 can be an air conditioner that provides cooling air. Alternatively, refrigerator 2 can be a liquid-cooled unit that provides coolant. Alternatively, refrigerator 2 can be a cooling device that provides phase-change refrigerant. Taking an air conditioner as an example, the air conditioner can be a large, floor-standing unit that can be installed inside or outside the enclosure. In other alternative embodiments, the air conditioner can be a small, wall-mounted unit installed on the inner side of the enclosure.

[0053] The cooling conduits include a first cooling conduit 31 and a second cooling conduit 32, which are configured as two non-connected cooling conduits. The inlet 311 of the first cooling conduit is connected to the first cooling conduit interface 21 of the cooler 2, and is located near the bottom end face 112 of the battery cluster 1. A portion of the first cooling conduit 31 extends from the bottom end face 112 of the battery cluster 1 to the top end face 111. The inlet 321 of the second cooling conduit is connected to the second cooling conduit interface 22 of the cooler 2, and is located near the top end face 111 of the battery cluster 1. A portion of the first cooling conduit 31 extends from the top end face 111 of the battery cluster 1 to the bottom end face 112. The cooling medium flows in the first cooling conduit 31 from the bottom end face 112 to the top end face 111, and the cooling medium flows in the second cooling conduit 32 from the top end face 111 to the bottom end face of the battery cluster 1.

[0054] Taking a battery cluster 1 comprising five layers of battery pack 12 as an example, the cooling effect of the first cooling pipe 31 and the second cooling pipe 32 is divided into five components along the flow direction of the cooling medium: 1 point, 2 points, 3 points, 4 points, and 5 points, where 1 point represents the worst cooling effect and 5 points represents the best cooling effect. For the top layer battery pack 121, the cooling effect provided by the first cooling pipe 31 is 1 point, and the cooling effect provided by the second cooling pipe 32 is 5 points, resulting in a total cooling effect of 6 points from the combined cooling effect of the first and second cooling pipes 31 and 32. For the bottom layer battery pack 122, the cooling effect provided by the first cooling pipe 31 is 5 points, and the cooling effect provided by the second cooling pipe 32 is 5 points, resulting in a total cooling effect of 6 points from the combined cooling effect of the first and second cooling pipes 31 and 32. For the third layer battery pack, the cooling effect provided by the first cooling pipe 31 is 3 points, and the cooling effect provided by the second cooling pipe 32 is 3 points, resulting in a total cooling effect of 6 points from the combined cooling effect of the first and second cooling pipes 31 and 32. In summary, for different layers of the same battery cluster 1, since they are simultaneously cooled by the first cooling pipe 31 and the second cooling pipe 32, the cooling effect on different layers of the same battery cluster 1 is the same, which is beneficial to the overall temperature uniformity of the battery cluster.

[0055] Continue to refer to Figures 1 to 4 The first cooling pipe 31 and the second cooling pipe 32 are arranged side by side on the same outer side of the battery pack 1. Each battery pack 12 includes a housing 16 and a first battery module 13 and a second battery module 14 disposed inside the housing 16. The first battery module 13 and the second battery module 14 are arranged side by side along the length or width direction of the battery pack 1. The first cooling pipe 31 is disposed corresponding to the first battery module 13 and cools the first battery module 13, and the second cooling pipe 32 is disposed corresponding to the second battery module 14 and cools the second battery module 14. It is understood that if only one cooling pipe is provided, and this cooling pipe is located close to either the first battery module 13 or the second battery module 14, the other of the first battery module 13 and the second battery module 14 will be far away from the cooling pipe, which will result in a large temperature difference between different battery modules in the same battery pack, thereby affecting the service life of the battery pack 12. In the embodiments of this application, by setting the first cooling pipe 31 and the second cooling pipe 32 respectively to different battery modules in the same battery pack 12, the temperature uniformity among different battery modules in the same battery pack is improved. In other alternative embodiments, if four battery modules are arranged side by side in the same battery pack, four cooling pipes can be set accordingly, wherein the cooling medium of two adjacent cooling pipes flows in opposite directions.

[0056] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 Each battery pack 12 has a housing 16 with a first air inlet 151 and a second air inlet 152. The first air inlet 151 corresponds to the first battery module 13, and the second air inlet 152 corresponds to the second battery module 14. The first cooling pipe 31 has multiple sets of first air outlets 312 on one side facing the battery pack 1, and each set of first air outlets 312 corresponds to a first air inlet 151. The second cooling pipe 32 has multiple sets of second air outlets 322 on one side facing the battery pack 1, and each set of second air outlets 322 corresponds to a second air inlet 152. By setting the first air outlet 312 of the first cooling pipe 31 to the first air inlet 151 corresponding to the first battery module 13, the cooling air flowing out of the first cooling pipe 31 can be directly supplied to the first battery module 13 through the first air inlet 151 to improve the cooling rate. By setting the second air outlet 322 of the second cooling pipe 32 to the second air inlet 152 corresponding to the second battery module 14, the cooling air flowing out of the second cooling pipe 32 can be directly supplied to the second battery module 14 through the second air inlet 152 to improve the cooling rate.

[0057] Continue to refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6Each group of first air outlets 312 contains multiple first air outlets 312, and the multiple first air outlets 312 are arranged on the same axis. Each group of second air outlets 322 contains multiple second air outlets 322, and the multiple second air outlets 322 are arranged on the same axis. The central axis of each group of multiple first air outlets 312 is flush with the central axis of each group of multiple second air outlets 322.

[0058] Continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 The first cooling pipe inlet 311 is connected to the first cooling pipe interface 21 of the cooler 2. The first cooling pipe interface 21 is located near the bottom end face 112 of the battery cluster 1. The first cooling pipe 31 includes a bent first cooling pipe interface section 313 and a first cooling pipe cooling section 314. The first cooling pipe interface section 313 is configured as a bent pipe structure. One end of the first cooling pipe interface section 313 is connected to the first cooling pipe interface 21, and the other end of the first cooling pipe interface section 313 is connected to the first cooling pipe cooling section 314. The first cooling pipe cooling section 314 is configured as a straight pipe structure. The first cooling pipe cooling section 314 extends from the bottom end face 112 of the battery cluster 1 to the top end face 111, so that the flow direction of the cooling medium in the first cooling pipe cooling section 314 is basically parallel to the height direction of the battery cluster 1. Moreover, the distance between the first cooling pipe cooling section 314 and each layer of battery pack in the battery cluster 1 is the same, which helps to improve the temperature uniformity of the first battery module 13 corresponding to different layers of battery pack 12 in the same battery cluster 1.

[0059] Continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 The second cooling pipe inlet 321 is connected to the second cooling pipe interface 22 of the cooler 2. The second cooling pipe interface 22 is located near the top surface 111 of the battery cluster 1. The second cooling pipe 32 includes a bent second cooling pipe interface section 323 and a second cooling pipe cooling section 324. The second cooling pipe interface section 323 is configured as a bent pipe structure. One end of the second cooling pipe interface section 323 is connected to the second cooling pipe interface 22, and the other end of the second cooling pipe interface section 323 is connected to the second cooling pipe cooling section 324. The second cooling pipe cooling section 324 is configured as a straight pipe structure. The second cooling pipe cooling section 324 extends from the top surface 111 of the battery cluster 1 to the bottom surface 112, so that the flow direction of the cooling medium in the second cooling pipe cooling section 324 is basically parallel to the height direction of the battery cluster 1. The distance between the second cooling pipe cooling section 324 and each layer of battery pack in the battery cluster 1 is the same, which helps to improve the temperature uniformity between the second battery modules 14 corresponding to different layers of battery packs 12 in the same battery cluster 1.

[0060] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 The battery cluster 1 includes a multi-layer battery pack 12, which has 2 to 8 layers. Each layer of the battery pack 12 contains at least one battery pack. Each battery pack 12 includes a first battery module 13 and a second battery module 14 spaced apart along the length of the battery cluster 1. The first battery module 13 and the second battery module 14 each include 6 to 8 individual batteries 17. Two temperature sampling points 18 are respectively set on the two poles on the top surface of each individual battery 17. The temperature of the individual battery 17 during normal operation is set not to exceed a fourth temperature range. Taking the battery pole temperature as an example, the fourth temperature range can be 25±5℃. The temperature difference between the two poles of the same individual battery 17 must not be greater than a fifth temperature threshold, which can be 0.5℃. The temperature difference between all temperature sampling points of all individual cells within the same battery module must not exceed a third preset threshold; the temperature difference between all temperature sampling points of all individual cells corresponding to all modules within the same battery pack must not exceed a second preset threshold; and the temperature difference between all temperature sampling points of all individual cells corresponding to all modules within the same battery cluster 1 must not exceed a first preset threshold. The first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold, the second preset threshold is greater than the third preset threshold, and the third temperature threshold is greater than a fifth temperature threshold. In a specific implementation, the first preset threshold is 5℃, the second preset threshold is 3℃, the third preset threshold is 1℃, and the fifth temperature threshold is 0.5℃.

[0061] Understandably, the temperature of all temperature sampling points of the same single cell 17 must not exceed the fourth temperature range. Correspondingly, the average temperature X of the same battery module, the average temperature Y of the same battery pack, and the average temperature Z of the battery cluster must not exceed the fourth temperature range. The average temperature X of the same battery module is equal to the average temperature of all temperature sampling points of all single cells in the battery module. The average temperature Y of the same battery pack is equal to the average temperature of all temperature sampling points of all single cells in all battery modules in the battery pack. The average temperature Z of the battery cluster is equal to the average temperature of all temperature sampling points of all single cells in all battery modules corresponding to all battery packs in the battery cluster.

[0062] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8The energy storage system 100 also includes a thermal management device, which comprises an electrically connected battery cluster management system 5 (BMS) and multiple battery cell monitoring units 6 (BCMU). Each battery cell monitoring unit 6 is configured to acquire the temperature of all temperature sampling points of the individual cells of all battery modules in each layer of battery pack 12, calculate the average temperature X of the battery module based on the temperature of all temperature sampling points of the individual cells corresponding to the battery module, and calculate the average temperature Y of the battery pack based on the temperature of all temperature sampling points of all individual cells of all battery modules corresponding to the battery pack.

[0063] The battery pack monitoring unit 6 and the battery cluster management system 5 communicate via a Controller Area Network (CAN), enabling the battery cluster management system 5 to acquire the real-time temperatures of all individual battery cells in all battery modules of all battery packs 12, and calculate the average temperature Z of the battery cluster using the temperatures of all individual battery cells in all battery modules of all battery packs 12. The battery cluster management system 5 acquires the average temperature Y of each battery pack and the average temperature X of each battery module in each battery pack through multiple connected battery pack monitoring units 6.

[0064] The battery cluster management system 5 is electrically connected to the cooler 2, enabling it to control the flow rate and / or temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the first cooling pipe interface 21 of the cooler 2, thereby controlling the flow rate and / or temperature of multiple sets of first air outlets 312 connected to the first cooling pipe interface 21. Similarly, the battery cluster management system 5 can control the flow rate and / or temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the second cooling pipe interface 22 of the cooler 2, thereby controlling the flow rate and / or temperature of multiple sets of second air outlets 322 connected to the second cooling pipe interface 22.

[0065] The average temperature of all temperature sampling points of the first battery module within the same battery pack is set as X1, and the average temperature of all temperature sampling points of the second battery module within the same battery pack is set as X2. When X1 is greater than X2, the battery cluster management system 5 controls the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing out of the first cooling pipe interface 21 to increase, thereby controlling the air volume of the first air outlet 312 of the first cooling pipe 31 to increase, thus improving the cooling effect of the first cooling pipe 31 on the first battery module 13. Alternatively, the battery cluster management system 5 controls the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the first cooling pipe interface 21 to decrease, thereby controlling the temperature of the cooling air flowing out of the first air outlet 312 of the first cooling pipe 31 to decrease, thus improving the cooling effect of the first cooling pipe 31 on the first battery module 13.

[0066] When X1 is less than X2, the battery cluster management system 5 controls the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing out of the second cooling pipe interface 22 to increase, thereby controlling the air volume of the second air outlet 322 of the second cooling pipe 32 to increase, thus improving the cooling effect of the second cooling pipe 32 on the second battery module 14. Alternatively, the battery cluster management system 5 controls the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the second cooling pipe interface 22 to decrease, thereby controlling the temperature of the cooling air flowing out of the second air outlet 322 of the second cooling pipe 32 to decrease, thus improving the cooling effect of the second cooling pipe 32 on the second battery module 14.

[0067] Embodiments of this application also provide a thermal management method for an energy storage system, such as... Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the thermal management method includes:

[0068] S200: Obtain the temperature data of all temperature sampling points of the first battery module to obtain the average temperature X1 of all temperature sampling points of the first battery module; obtain the temperature data of all temperature sampling points of the second battery module to obtain the average temperature X2 of all temperature sampling points of the second battery module.

[0069] S201: When X1 is greater than X2, control the flow of cooling medium in the first cooling pipe;

[0070] S202: When X1 is less than X2, control the flow of cooling medium in the second cooling pipe.

[0071] Among them, such as Figure 11 As shown, before step S200, the procedure further includes:

[0072] S101: Obtain temperature data from all temperature sampling points of the battery cluster and calculate the temperature difference between the highest and lowest temperatures at all sampling points. Compare the temperature difference between the highest and lowest temperatures at all sampling points of battery cluster 1 with a first preset threshold and determine that the temperature difference between all sampling points of battery cluster 1 is not greater than the first preset threshold. If the temperature difference between the highest and lowest temperatures at all sampling points of battery cluster 1 is greater than the first preset threshold, then disconnect the power to the battery cluster.

[0073] S102: Obtain temperature data from all temperature sampling points of the battery cluster and calculate the average temperature Z of all temperature sampling points of battery cluster 1, ensuring that the average temperature Z of all temperature sampling points of battery cluster 1 is not greater than the maximum temperature threshold. If the average temperature Z of all temperature sampling points of battery cluster 1 is greater than the maximum temperature threshold of 30°C, then disconnect the power to the battery cluster.

[0074] If the execution results of S101 and S102 are yes, then execute S103:

[0075] Obtain the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures at all temperature sampling points of the battery pack, and determine that the temperature value is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0076] If the result of S103 is yes, proceed to step S104:

[0077] The highest and lowest temperatures at all temperature sampling points within the battery pack are determined to be within the fourth temperature range.

[0078] If the result of S104 is yes, then execute S105:

[0079] The temperature difference between the highest and lowest temperatures of all temperature sampling points of all individual cells in the first battery module within the battery pack is determined to be less than a second preset threshold and greater than a third preset threshold.

[0080] The temperature difference between the highest and lowest temperatures of all individual cells in the second battery module within the battery pack is determined to be less than a second preset threshold and greater than a third preset threshold.

[0081] If the result of S105 is yes, then S200 is executed.

[0082] Embodiments of this application also provide a thermal management method for an energy storage system, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the thermal management method includes:

[0083] S300: Obtain temperature data from all temperature sampling points within the battery pack and the average temperature of the battery pack;

[0084] S301: When the highest temperature of all temperature sampling points in the battery pack is greater than the highest temperature threshold, and the average temperature of the battery pack is within the fourth preset temperature range, locate the battery module corresponding to the single cell where the highest temperature sampling point is located.

[0085] S302: Assuming the battery module is the first battery module, obtain the average temperature X1 of the temperature data of all temperature sampling points of the first battery module, and determine that the average temperature X1 is within the fourth preset temperature range.

[0086] S304: Control the flow of cooling medium in the first cooling pipe.

[0087] Step S303 is included between steps S302 and S304:

[0088] It is determined that the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures at all temperature sampling points of the first battery module is greater than a third preset threshold and less than a second preset threshold.

[0089] The steps S101, S102 and S103 are included before step S300.

[0090] In some embodiments, the flow rate of the cooling medium after adjustment at the first air outlet 312 or the second air outlet 322 is set to L1x, the flow rate of the cooling medium before adjustment at the first air outlet 312 or the second air outlet 322 is set to L1y, the time required for the battery cluster management system 5 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium is set to t1, the highest temperature of a single battery cell in the first battery module 13 or the second battery module 14 is set to X1max, the highest temperature threshold of a single battery cell in the battery cluster is set to Y1, and the absolute value of the difference between the number of battery pack layers where the highest-temperature single battery cell is located and the number of battery pack layers corresponding to the inlet of the first cooling pipe or the inlet of the second cooling pipe is set to H, then L1x satisfies the following relationship:

[0091]

[0092] Where L1x>L1y, 2≤H≤10, 1s≤t≤10s.

[0093] In one specific embodiment, the inlet of the first cooling pipe corresponds to the fifth layer of the battery pack. If the hottest single cell is located in the first battery module of the third layer battery pack, the time t1 required for the battery cluster management system 5 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium is 10 seconds. Before adjustment, the flow rate of the cooling medium is L1y = 500 cubic meters per hour. The temperature of the hottest single cell in the first battery module 13 is 35°C, and the maximum temperature threshold of the single cell is 30°C. Therefore, L1x = 501.5 cubic meters per hour can be calculated. In another specific embodiment, if the hottest single cell is located in the first battery module of the second layer battery pack, the time t1 required for the battery cluster management system 5 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium is 10 seconds. Before adjustment, the flow rate of the cooling medium is L1y = 500 cubic meters per hour. The temperature of the hottest single cell in the first battery module 13 is 35°C, and the maximum temperature threshold of the single cell is 30°C. Therefore, L1x = 502 cubic meters per hour can be calculated. Therefore, the greater the difference between the number of layers in the battery pack where the hottest cell is located and the number of layers in the battery pack corresponding to the inlet of the first cooling pipe, the longer the path required for the cooling medium to reach the battery pack where the hottest cell is located. Consequently, the flow rate of the adjusted cooling medium is greater, which is beneficial for the cooling medium to provide sufficient cooling for the hottest cell.

[0094] In one embodiment, the temperature after adjustment at the inlet of the first or second cooling pipe is set as C1x, the temperature before adjustment at the inlet of the first or second cooling pipe is set as C1y, the time required for the battery cluster management system 5 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium is set as t1, the highest temperature of a single cell in the first battery module 13 or the second battery module 14 is set as X1max, the highest temperature threshold of a single cell in the battery cluster is set as Y1, and the absolute value of the difference between the number of battery pack layers where the highest-temperature single cell is located and the number of battery pack layers corresponding to the inlet of the first or second cooling pipe is set as H, then C1x satisfies the following relationship:

[0095]

[0096] Where C1x<Y<C1y, 0≤H≤10, 1s≤t≤10s.

[0097] In one specific embodiment, the inlet of the second cooling pipe corresponds to the first layer of the battery pack. If the hottest single cell is located in the second battery module of the third layer battery pack, and the time t1 required for the battery cluster management system 5 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium is 10 seconds, the temperature of the cooling medium before adjustment is C1y = 10°C, the temperature of the hottest single cell in the second battery module 14 is 35°C, and the maximum temperature threshold of the single cell is 30°C, then C1x = 9°C can be calculated. In another specific embodiment, if the hottest single cell is located in the second battery module 14 of the second layer battery pack, and the time t1 required for the battery cluster management system 5 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium is 10 seconds, and the temperature of the cooling medium before adjustment is C1y = 10°C, the temperature of the hottest single cell in the second battery module 14 is 35°C, and the maximum temperature threshold of the single cell is 30°C, then C1x = 9.5°C can be calculated. Therefore, the greater the difference between the number of layers in the battery pack where the hottest cell is located and the number of layers in the battery pack corresponding to the inlet of the second cooling pipe, the longer the path required for the cooling medium to reach the battery pack where the hottest cell is located. Consequently, the temperature of the adjusted cooling medium is lower, which is beneficial for the cooling medium to provide sufficient cooling for the hottest cell.

[0098] An embodiment of this application also provides a cooling module, which includes the cooling pipes and cooler provided in the above embodiments.

[0099] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, characterized in that, include: A battery cluster having opposing top and bottom surfaces, the battery cluster comprising multiple layers of battery packs spaced apart along the height direction of the battery cluster; Refrigerator, including pipe connections; The cooling pipe includes a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe, wherein the inlet of the first cooling pipe and the inlet of the second cooling pipe are both connected to the pipe interface; A portion of the first cooling pipe and a portion of the second cooling pipe are both disposed between the top end face and the bottom end face, and the flow direction of the cooling medium in the first cooling pipe is opposite to the flow direction in the second cooling pipe.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the first cooling pipe is located closer to the bottom end face than the inlet of the second cooling pipe, and the inlet of the second cooling pipe is located closer to the top end face than the inlet of the first cooling pipe. Each layer of the battery pack is configured to be cooled simultaneously by the first cooling pipe and the second cooling pipe.

3. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cooling pipe and the second cooling pipe are arranged side by side along the length or width of the battery pack. Each layer of the battery pack includes a first battery module and a second battery module. The first cooling pipe is configured to cool the first battery module, and the second cooling pipe is configured to cool the second battery module.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery pack includes a housing, which has a first air inlet and a second air inlet; the first cooling pipe has multiple sets of first air outlets on one side facing the battery cluster, and the second cooling pipe has multiple sets of second air outlets on one side facing the battery cluster; wherein, the first air inlet is connected to the first air outlet of the corresponding set and corresponds to the first battery module, and the second air inlet is connected to the second air outlet of the corresponding set and corresponds to the second battery module.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pipe interface includes a first cooling pipe interface and a second cooling pipe interface, wherein the inlet of the first cooling pipe is connected to the first cooling pipe interface, and the inlet of the second cooling pipe is connected to the second cooling pipe interface; wherein the first cooling pipe interface and the second cooling pipe interface are spaced apart from each other to independently provide the cooling medium.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first cooling pipe includes a first cooling pipe interface section and a first cooling pipe cooling section that are connected to each other. The first cooling pipe interface section is bent and connected between the first cooling pipe interface and the first cooling pipe cooling section. The first cooling pipe cooling section extends from the bottom end face of the battery cluster to the top end face.

7. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second cooling pipe includes a second cooling pipe interface section and a second cooling pipe cooling section that are connected to each other. The second cooling pipe interface section is configured as a bent pipe structure. One end of the second cooling pipe interface section is connected to the second cooling pipe interface, and the other end of the second cooling pipe interface section is connected to the second cooling pipe cooling section. The second cooling pipe cooling section extends from the top surface of the battery cluster to the bottom surface.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first battery module and the second battery module include multiple individual batteries, each of which has at least one temperature sampling point. The energy storage system also includes an electrically connected battery cluster management system and multiple battery pack monitoring units. Each battery pack monitoring unit corresponds to one battery pack. The battery pack monitoring unit is configured to acquire the temperature data of the temperature sampling points of the first battery module and the second battery module and transmit it to the battery cluster management system. The battery cluster management system is configured to adjust the airflow of the first air outlet or the airflow of the second air outlet based on the temperature data of the temperature sampling points of the first battery module and the second battery module.

9. The energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The battery cluster management system is configured to control the airflow of the first cooling pipe interface and thereby adjust the airflow of the first air outlet; or, the battery cluster management system is configured to control the airflow of the second cooling pipe interface and thereby adjust the airflow of the second air outlet.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first battery module and the second battery module include multiple individual batteries, each of which has at least one temperature sampling point. The energy storage system also includes a connected battery cluster management system and multiple battery pack monitoring units. Each battery pack monitoring unit corresponds to one layer of the battery pack. The battery pack monitoring unit is configured to acquire the temperature data of the temperature sampling points of the first battery module and the second battery module and transmit it to the battery cluster management system. The battery cluster management system is configured to adjust the temperature of the cooling medium at the first air outlet or the temperature of the cooling medium at the second air outlet based on the temperature data of the temperature sampling points of the first battery module and the second battery module.

11. The energy storage system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The pipe interface includes a first cooling pipe interface and a second cooling pipe interface. The first cooling pipe is connected to the first cooling pipe interface, and the second cooling pipe is connected to the second cooling pipe interface. The battery cluster management system is configured to control the temperature of the cooling medium at the first cooling pipe interface and thereby adjust the temperature of the cooling medium at the first air outlet; or, the battery cluster management system is configured to control the temperature of the cooling medium at the second cooling pipe interface and thereby adjust the temperature of the cooling medium at the second air outlet.

12. A cooling module for an energy storage system, characterized in that, The cooling module includes the cooling pipes and cooler of the energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-11.

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