A circuit capable of detecting battery charge and discharge current

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of circuit of battery charge-discharge current detectable, it relates to battery field, the circuit of battery charge-discharge current detectable includes: shunt detection module, for detecting the current size of battery charge-discharge, and conversion is voltage signal output, when battery charges, feedback voltage signal to charging feedback module, when battery discharges, feedback voltage signal to battery discharge module;Charging feedback module is used to output to single-chip microcontroller after voltage signal size adjustment filtering;Discharge feedback module is used to output to single-chip microcontroller after voltage signal size adjustment filtering;Shunt detection module connects charging feedback module, discharge feedback module;The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model will not be affected by battery voltage, battery capacity, battery discharge current, battery charging current etc., can be applicable to all batteries on market, wide application range;Circuit electronic components are few, circuit is simple, design development cost is low, and development cycle is short.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of batteries, specifically a circuit that can detect the charging and discharging current of a battery. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of battery technology, more and more types of batteries are appearing on the market, and the voltage, charging current, and discharging current of batteries are also increasing. For example, the mainstream battery types on the market at present include zinc-manganese batteries, alkaline zinc-manganese batteries, zinc-silver batteries, lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and lithium-ion batteries. Among them, lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and lithium-ion batteries are reusable and can be charged and discharged repeatedly. When a battery needs to be recycled, a device that can monitor the battery voltage, charging status, discharging status, battery health, and battery temperature in real time is required. This device can monitor the battery status in real time during battery use and provide feedback to the user, allowing the user to more intuitively view various battery statuses, such as voltage, current, battery health, and battery temperature.

[0003] The existing circuit uses a shunt (overcurrent resistor) as the current sensing device. This electronic component is a resistor made of special materials and has a certain resistance value. The current value is calculated by detecting the voltage drop generated when current flows through it. However, there will be some operating losses. Therefore, at the beginning of the design, the resistance value of the shunt (overcurrent resistor) selected must be small according to the required current measurement range to avoid excessive losses during operation. This is rather cumbersome and needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a circuit that can detect the charging and discharging current of a battery, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A circuit for detecting battery charge / discharge current, comprising:

[0007] The shunt detection module is used to detect the magnitude of the charging and discharging current of the battery and convert it into a voltage signal output. When the battery is charging, it feeds back the voltage signal to the charging feedback module, and when the battery is discharging, it feeds back the voltage signal to the battery discharging module.

[0008] The charging feedback module is used to adjust and filter the voltage signal before outputting it to the microcontroller.

[0009] The discharge feedback module is used to adjust and filter the voltage signal before outputting it to the microcontroller.

[0010] The shunt detection module is connected to the charging feedback module and the discharging feedback module.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the shunt detection module includes an interface CN6, a capacitor C55, a resistor R42, a resistor R45, and a resistor R47. The interface CN6 is connected to an external shunt. The first end of the interface CN6 is connected to one end of the resistor R45, the charging feedback module, the discharging feedback module, one end of the capacitor C55, and one end of the resistor R42. The other end of the resistor R45 is connected to a 3.3V voltage. The second end of the interface CN6 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C55, the other end of the resistor R42, the charging feedback module, the discharging feedback module, and one end of the resistor R47. The other end of the resistor R47 is connected to a 3.3V voltage.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the charging feedback module includes an amplifier U1C. The non-inverting input of the amplifier U1C is connected to one end of resistor R22 and one end of resistor R23. The other end of resistor R23 is grounded. The other end of resistor R22 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R21. The inverting input of the amplifier U1C is connected to one end of resistor R19 and one end of resistor R17. The other end of resistor R19 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R18. The other end of resistor R17 is connected to the output terminal of the amplifier U1C, one end of resistor R20, the other end of resistor R20 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D4, one end of capacitor C8, one end of capacitor C76, and the microcontroller. The other end of capacitor C8 is grounded, the other end of capacitor C76 is grounded, and the negative terminal of diode D4 is connected to a 3.3V voltage.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the discharge feedback module includes an amplifier U1D. The non-inverting input of the amplifier U1D is connected to one end of resistor R29 and one end of resistor R30. The other end of resistor R30 is grounded. The other end of resistor R29 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R28. The inverting input of the amplifier U1D is connected to one end of resistor R26 and one end of resistor R24. The other end of resistor R26 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R25. The other end of resistor R24 ​​is connected to the output terminal of the amplifier U1D, one end of resistor R27, the other end of resistor R27 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D5, one end of capacitor C11, one end of capacitor C78, ​​and a microcontroller. The other end of capacitor C11 is grounded, the other end of capacitor C78 is grounded, and the negative terminal of diode D5 is connected to a 3.3V voltage.

[0014] As a further improvement of this invention: the non-inverting power supply terminal of the amplifier is connected to a 12V voltage, and the inverting power supply terminal of the amplifier is grounded.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are: this utility model is not affected by battery voltage, battery capacity, battery discharge current, battery charging current, etc., and can be applied to all batteries on the market, with a wide range of applications; the circuit has fewer electronic components, the circuit is simple, the design and development cost is low, and the development cycle is short. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a circuit that can detect the charging and discharging current of a battery.

[0017] Figure 2 This is an application environment diagram for a circuit that can detect the charging and discharging current of a battery. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 A circuit for detecting battery charge / discharge current, comprising:

[0020] The shunt detection module is used to detect the magnitude of the charging and discharging current of the battery and convert it into a voltage signal output. When the battery is charging, it feeds back the voltage signal to the charging feedback module, and when the battery is discharging, it feeds back the voltage signal to the battery discharging module.

[0021] The charging feedback module is used to adjust and filter the voltage signal before outputting it to the microcontroller.

[0022] The discharge feedback module is used to adjust and filter the voltage signal before outputting it to the microcontroller.

[0023] The shunt detection module is connected to the charging feedback module and the discharging feedback module.

[0024] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 1 The shunt detection module includes interface CN6, capacitor C55, resistors R42, R45, and R47. Interface CN6 is connected to an external shunt. The first end of interface CN6 is connected to one end of resistor R45, the charging feedback module, the discharging feedback module, one end of capacitor C55, and one end of resistor R42. The other end of resistor R45 is connected to a 3.3V voltage. The second end of interface CN6 is connected to the other end of capacitor C55, the other end of resistor R42, the charging feedback module, the discharging feedback module, and one end of resistor R47. The other end of resistor R47 is connected to a 3.3V voltage.

[0025] When the battery is charging, the second terminal of interface CN6 is the reference ground. The 3.3V voltage - resistor R45 - shunt / filter capacitor C55 connected to interface CN6 and load resistor R42 - the second terminal of interface CN6 (reference ground) form a loop. When the current passes through the shunt (overcurrent resistor), a voltage difference is generated at both ends. At this time, there is voltage on filter capacitor C55 and load resistor R42 (voltage is positive on the left and negative on the right), which is output to the charging feedback module.

[0026] When the battery is discharging, the first terminal of interface CN6 is the reference ground. The 3.3V voltage - resistor R47 - shunt / filter capacitor C55 connected to interface CN6 and load resistor R42 - the first terminal of interface CN6 (reference ground) form a loop. When the current passes through the shunt (overcurrent resistor), a voltage difference is generated at the two ends. At this time, there is voltage on filter capacitor C55 and load resistor R42 (voltage is positive on the right and negative on the left), which is output to the discharge feedback module.

[0027] The feedback voltage signal is not affected by battery voltage, battery capacity, battery discharge current, battery charging current, etc., but only by the resistors of the shunt detection module. This circuit can also be adjusted according to the user's battery parameters, and different shunt values ​​(overcurrent resistors) can be selected according to the battery capacity, maximum charging current, and maximum discharging current.

[0028] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 1 The charging feedback module includes amplifier U1C. The non-inverting input of amplifier U1C is connected to one end of resistor R22 and one end of resistor R23. The other end of resistor R23 is grounded. The other end of resistor R22 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R21. The inverting input of amplifier U1C is connected to one end of resistor R19 and one end of resistor R17. The other end of resistor R19 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R18. The other end of resistor R17 is connected to the output terminal of amplifier U1C, one end of resistor R20, the other end of resistor R20 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D4, one end of capacitor C8, one end of capacitor C76, and the microcontroller. The other end of capacitor C8 and the other end of capacitor C76 are grounded. The negative terminal of diode D4 is connected to a 3.3V voltage.

[0029] When the battery is charging, the inverting input of amplifier U1C is connected to the reference ground through resistors R19 and R18. The voltage signal output by the shunt detection module reaches the non-inverting input of amplifier U1C through resistors R21 and R22. After the voltage signal is adjusted by amplifier U1C, it is filtered by capacitors C8 and C76 and then output to the microcontroller.

[0030] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 1The discharge feedback module includes amplifier U1D. The non-inverting input of amplifier U1D is connected to one end of resistor R29 and one end of resistor R30. The other end of resistor R30 is grounded. The other end of resistor R29 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R28. The inverting input of amplifier U1D is connected to one end of resistor R26 and one end of resistor R24. The other end of resistor R26 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R25. The other end of resistor R24 ​​is connected to the output terminal of amplifier U1D, one end of resistor R27, the other end of resistor R27 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D5, one end of capacitor C11, one end of capacitor C78, ​​and the microcontroller. The other end of capacitor C11 is grounded, the other end of capacitor C78 is grounded, and the negative terminal of diode D5 is connected to a 3.3V voltage.

[0031] When the battery is in amplification mode, the principle is similar to that of the charging feedback module. After the voltage signal is adjusted by amplifier U1D, it is filtered by capacitors C11 and C78 and then output to the microcontroller. Diode D5 is the output clamping diode of amplifier U1D, used to protect the microcontroller pins; similarly, diode D4 has the same function as diode D5.

[0032] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 1 The non-inverting power supply terminal of the amplifier is connected to a 12V voltage, and the inverting power supply terminal of the amplifier is grounded.

[0033] Amplifiers U1C and U1D have the same power supply and can use chips with multiple built-in amplifiers, so that one chip can meet the usage requirements. For example, the LM224 chip has four built-in amplifiers.

[0034] Please see Figure 2 In practical applications, during the charging and discharging process of the battery, the shunt detection module checks the charging and discharging status of the battery and converts it into a voltage signal. This signal is then fed back to the microcontroller through the charging feedback module or the discharging feedback module. The microcontroller then displays the specific current magnitude on the screen, allowing users to intuitively view the battery charging and discharging current information.

[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects.

[0036] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A circuit for detecting battery charge / discharge current, characterized in that, The circuit that detects battery charge and discharge current includes: The shunt detection module is used to detect the magnitude of the charging and discharging current of the battery and convert it into a voltage signal output. When the battery is charging, it feeds back the voltage signal to the charging feedback module, and when the battery is discharging, it feeds back the voltage signal to the battery discharging module. The charging feedback module is used to adjust and filter the voltage signal before outputting it to the microcontroller. The discharge feedback module is used to adjust and filter the voltage signal before outputting it to the microcontroller. The shunt detection module is connected to the charging feedback module and the discharging feedback module.

2. The circuit for detecting battery charge / discharge current according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shunt detection module includes interface CN6, capacitor C55, resistors R42, R45, and R47. Interface CN6 is connected to an external shunt. The first end of interface CN6 is connected to one end of resistor R45, the charging feedback module, the discharging feedback module, one end of capacitor C55, and one end of resistor R42. The other end of resistor R45 is connected to a 3.3V voltage. The second end of interface CN6 is connected to the other end of capacitor C55, the other end of resistor R42, the charging feedback module, the discharging feedback module, and one end of resistor R47. The other end of resistor R47 is connected to a 3.3V voltage.

3. The circuit for detecting battery charge / discharge current according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging feedback module includes amplifier U1C. The non-inverting input of amplifier U1C is connected to one end of resistor R22 and one end of resistor R23. The other end of resistor R23 is grounded. The other end of resistor R22 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R21. The inverting input of amplifier U1C is connected to one end of resistor R19 and one end of resistor R17. The other end of resistor R19 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R18. The other end of resistor R17 is connected to the output terminal of amplifier U1C, one end of resistor R20, the other end of resistor R20 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D4, one end of capacitor C8, one end of capacitor C76, and the microcontroller. The other end of capacitor C8 and the other end of capacitor C76 are grounded. The negative terminal of diode D4 is connected to a 3.3V voltage.

4. The circuit for detecting battery charge / discharge current according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge feedback module includes amplifier U1D. The non-inverting input of amplifier U1D is connected to one end of resistor R29 and one end of resistor R30. The other end of resistor R30 is grounded. The other end of resistor R29 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R28. The inverting input of amplifier U1D is connected to one end of resistor R26 and one end of resistor R24. The other end of resistor R26 is connected to the shunt detection module through resistor R25. The other end of resistor R24 ​​is connected to the output terminal of amplifier U1D, one end of resistor R27, the other end of resistor R27 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D5, one end of capacitor C11, one end of capacitor C78, ​​and the microcontroller. The other end of capacitor C11 and the other end of capacitor C78 are grounded. The negative terminal of diode D5 is connected to a 3.3V voltage.

5. The circuit for detecting battery charge / discharge current according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The amplifier's non-inverting power supply terminal is connected to a 12V voltage, while the amplifier's inverting power supply terminal is grounded.

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