A hydrochloric acid dispensing vessel lined with glass

Abstract

This utility model discloses a hydrochloric acid dropping tank with a glass-lined interior, relating to the technical field of hydrochloric acid dropping tanks with glass-lined interiors. The present invention aims to solve the problem of dropping stability. The utility model includes a dropping tank and an acid storage mechanism. The acid storage mechanism is located above the dropping tank, and a dropping pipeline connecting to the inside of the dropping tank is installed below the acid storage mechanism. The dropping tank is equipped with a stirring mechanism for stirring the acid solution inside, and a drain valve for emptying the liquid is installed below the dropping tank. This solution uses a vacuum pressure gauge and a gas replenishment valve linked for monitoring and adjustment to balance the negative pressure inside the acid storage tank in real time, avoiding obstruction of discharge and flow rate fluctuations due to negative pressure. Simultaneously, the dropping tank is equipped with a pressure gauge to monitor internal pressure changes in real time, providing parameter references for process operation and achieving pressure self-balancing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of hydrochloric acid dripping tanks with glass enamel lining, specifically a hydrochloric acid dripping tank with glass enamel lining. Background Technology

[0002] In chemical production, fine synthesis, water treatment neutralization and other processes, hydrochloric acid often needs to be added quantitatively, continuously and slowly through a dripping tank. However, existing traditional hydrochloric acid dripping systems still have many practical shortcomings:

[0003] During long-term discharge of acid, negative pressure is easily formed inside the acid storage tank. The continuous accumulation of negative pressure will cause problems such as unstable discharge flow rate, flow interruption, and cavitation of metering pump, which will directly affect the accuracy of hydrochloric acid addition and fail to meet the requirements of stable process ratio.

[0004] Conventional dripping pipelines lack emergency protection structures. When the process is abnormal, the pressure inside the tank exceeds the limit, or an emergency shutdown is required, the residual acid in the pipeline cannot be quickly depressurized and flowed back, which can easily lead to over-dosing, media overflow, and safety hazards such as corrosion and leakage.

[0005] Hydrochloric acid is volatile and will continuously generate acidic mist in the drip tank. Traditional equipment only uses a simple venting method, and the acid mist is directly discharged. This not only causes raw material loss and corrosion of workshop equipment and pipelines, but also pollutes the working environment and endangers the health of operators, resulting in poor environmental performance.

[0006] There is no effective condensation and recovery structure for volatile acid mist. Even if some equipment is equipped with tail gas treatment devices, the uncondensed high-concentration acid gas will significantly increase the load on subsequent tail gas treatment. At the same time, the internal pressure of the dripping tank fluctuates dynamically during operation. The condensed acid liquid is easily hindered by the positive pressure inside the tank and cannot flow back normally, resulting in poor recovery effect.

[0007] The mixing of hydrochloric acid and the solvent in the reaction system relies on natural diffusion, resulting in poor mixing uniformity. This can easily lead to localized excessively high concentrations, violent reactions, and increased acid mist volatilization, resulting in insufficient process controllability.

[0008] The equipment operation status monitoring is singular, lacking real-time monitoring of multiple parameters such as pressure and liquid level, which cannot provide data support for drip rate adjustment and safe equipment operation. It also results in high dependence on manual operation and low production stability. Utility Model Content

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, specifically those raised in the background section, this utility model proposes a hydrochloric acid dripping tank lined with glass enamel. The tank includes a dripping vessel and an acid storage mechanism. The acid storage mechanism is positioned above the dripping vessel, and a dripping pipeline connecting to the interior of the tank is installed below it. The dripping vessel is equipped with a stirring mechanism for agitating the acid solution inside. A drain valve for emptying the liquid is installed below the tank. A feed valve for conveying raw materials and a maintenance inlet are also installed above the tank. The tank is further equipped with a pressure gauge for real-time monitoring of the internal pressure and a magnetic level gauge for real-time monitoring of the liquid level. A gas collection mechanism for collecting acidic gases is installed above the tank. The gas discharge port of the gas collection mechanism is connected to a pipeline that links to an acidic gas treatment system, which includes, but is not limited to, an absorption tower.

[0010] The acid storage mechanism includes an acid storage tank, with manual valves installed at both the upper and lower ends of the acid storage tank. A drip pipeline is connected to the manual valve located at the lower end. A metering pump and an electric three-way reversing valve are installed at the connection points of the drip pipeline to the manual valve and to the drip pipeline to the drip tank, respectively. A return pipe is installed on a branch pipeline of the electric three-way reversing valve to return to the acid storage tank. A gas replenishment valve and a vacuum pressure gauge are installed on the upper part of the acid storage tank.

[0011] The gas collection mechanism includes a gas collection hood installed above the dripping tank, a condenser, and a U-shaped reflux pipe. The condenser tube inside the condenser is connected to a spiral tube at the top and bottom via a tee pipe to form a T-shaped pipe with three ports. The middle port of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the outlet of the gas collection hood. The upper port of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the acid gas treatment system via a gas pipe. The lower port of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the dripping tank via the U-shaped reflux pipe.

[0012] The beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows: This solution uses a vacuum pressure gauge and a gas replenishment valve in conjunction to monitor and regulate the acid storage tank, balancing the internal negative pressure in real time and preventing obstruction of discharge and flow rate fluctuations due to negative pressure. Simultaneously, the dripping tank is equipped with a pressure gauge to monitor internal pressure changes in real time, providing parameter references for process operation and achieving pressure self-balancing. This ensures the continuity and stability of hydrochloric acid delivery and quantitative dripping from the source. A metering pump and an electric three-way reversing valve are integrated into the delivery pipeline to accurately control the hydrochloric acid dripping rate under normal operating conditions, meeting process ratio requirements. In case of emergency shutdown, pressure exceeding limits, or abnormal liquid level, the pipeline flow direction can be quickly switched to prevent residual acid from continuing to be added to the dripping tank, avoiding over-dosing and media leakage. This achieves rapid pressure relief protection under abnormal operating conditions, reducing corrosion and overflow safety risks. A gas collection hood is installed on the top of the dripping tank to fully collect the volatile acidic gases inside, preventing the unorganized emission of acid mist. Combined with a condensation pipe, acid gas is condensed and liquefied, and the condensed acid flows by gravity through the U-shaped pipe. The U-shaped liquid seal structure ensures stable reflux into the dripping tank, effectively recovering volatile hydrochloric acid raw materials. The U-shaped liquid seal can prevent the reverse flow of gas inside the tank, preventing the pressure inside the tank from affecting the reflux of condensate. The remaining trace amount of uncondensed gas is discharged to a special treatment device for purification and meets emission standards, improving the working environment and reducing equipment corrosion and environmental treatment costs. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of this solution is shown.

[0014] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the dripping tank for this scheme is shown.

[0015] Figure 3 A top view of the dropping tank is shown.

[0016] The attached diagram includes the following reference numerals: 1. Dropping tank; 2. Acid storage mechanism; 201. Acid storage tank; 202. Manual valve; 203. Gas replenishment valve; 204. Vacuum pressure gauge; 205. Metering pump; 206. Electric three-way reversing valve; 207. Return pipe; 3. Stirring mechanism; 4. Exhaust valve; 5. Feed valve; 6. Inlet; 7. Pressure gauge; 8. Magnetic level gauge; 9. Gas collection mechanism; 901. Condenser; 902. Gas collection hood; 903. U-shaped return pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] This utility model proposes a hydrochloric acid dripping tank with an inner enamel lining, which consists of an acid storage mechanism 2, a dripping tank 1, and an electrical control system. The dripping tank 1 is made of an inner enamel lining. A stirring mechanism 3 for stirring and mixing solvents is installed on the top of the dripping tank 1. A drain valve 4 for draining liquid is installed at the bottom of the dripping tank 1. A feed valve 5 for conveying raw materials and a maintenance inlet 6 are also installed on the top of the dripping tank 1. The acid storage mechanism 2 consists of an acid storage tank 201 and a dripping pipeline connecting to the inside of the dripping tank 1. Manual valves 202 for emergency closure are installed on both the upper and lower sides of the acid storage tank 201. The lower manual valve 202 is connected to the top of the dripping pipeline. The hydrochloric acid raw material is conveyed by a material lifting mechanism and enters the acid storage tank 201 for storage through the upper manual valve 202. The hydrochloric acid is dripped into the dripping tank 1 through the lower manual valve 202 and the dripping pipeline for solvent mixing.

[0019] This solution installs a pressure gauge 7 for real-time monitoring of the tank pressure and a magnetic float level gauge 8 for real-time monitoring of the liquid level on the dripping tank 1 to provide control parameters for the acid dripping rate. A metering pump 205 is installed at the connection between the dripping pipeline and the manual valve 202 below to control the total amount and rate of hydrochloric acid dripping. A gas replenishment valve 203 and a vacuum pressure gauge 204 are installed on the acid storage tank 201 to monitor the negative pressure state inside the acid storage tank 201 in real time and replenish gas to avoid affecting the acid discharge.

[0020] The electrical control system consists of a PLC main control module for data processing, an analog signal acquisition module, an actuator drive module, and a human-machine interface module for inputting initial parameters. The analog signal acquisition module is used to acquire signals, including signals from vacuum pressure gauge 204 (negative pressure signal), pressure gauge 7, magnetic float level gauge 8 (high / low level / continuous level), and feedback signals from metering pump 205. The actuator drive module is used to amplify electrical signals to drive metering pump 205 (frequency conversion / stroke adjustment), air supply valve 203 (open / close), electric three-way reversing valve (drip / return), and stirring mechanism (start / stop). The electrical control system adopts a three-level control logic of closed-loop pressure linkage, closed-loop flow regulation, and emergency switching.

[0021] 1. The negative pressure balance control logic of the acid storage tank 201 prevents negative pressure from forming during material discharge, which could cause the metering pump to suck in air and the flow rate to be unstable.

[0022] (1) Real-time acquisition of vacuum pressure signal P1 inside acid storage tank 201;

[0023] (2) Set the negative pressure threshold:

[0024] Intake pressure at startup: P1 ≤ -0.005 MPa

[0025] Intake pressure closed: P1 ≥ -0.001 MPa

[0026] (3) Control logic:

[0027] When the negative pressure inside the tank exceeds the opening threshold, open the air supply valve 203 to supply air.

[0028] When the negative pressure returns to near normal pressure, close the air supply valve 203.

[0029] The air supply valve uses a pulse air supply mode to avoid frequent opening and closing.

[0030] 2. The dripping flow control logic adopts the frequency / stroke closed-loop control of the metering pump 205.

[0031] (1) Parameter settings:

[0032] Target droplet acceleration: F_set (L / h)

[0033] Total amount added: V_total

[0034] (2) The PLC main control module outputs a control signal to the metering pump according to the set value:

[0035] Output quantity = Reference control quantity + Pressure compensation quantity

[0036] (3) Pressure compensation of the dripping tank:

[0037] The pressure P2 inside the dripping tank 1 is collected.

[0038] If P2 increases, appropriately increase the frequency of metering pump 205 to counteract the back pressure.

[0039] If P2 decreases, reduce the frequency to prevent excessively rapid dripping.

[0040] (4) Cumulative flow control:

[0041] Real-time cumulative actual dripping volume

[0042] Once the set total volume is reached, the metering pump will automatically stop and the electric three-way reversing valve 206 will switch to the return flow.

[0043] 3. Control logic for electric three-way directional valve 206 (drip / return).

[0044] Normal operating conditions: Metering pump is running → Electric three-way reversing valve 206 is in the dripping position, and acid enters the dripping tank 1.

[0045] Emergency stop / suspension of operation:

[0046] (1) Any of the following conditions must be met:

[0047] Press emergency stop

[0048] The liquid level in the dripping tank 1 is too high.

[0049] Overpressure in dripping tank 1

[0050] Metering pump malfunction

[0051] (2) Control logic:

[0052] Immediately stop the output of metering pump 205;

[0053] Simultaneously, the electric three-way reversing valve 206 is switched to the return position;

[0054] The residual liquid in the pipeline is returned to the acid storage tank 201 to prevent over-dropping, overflow, and pressure shock.

[0055] 4. Control logic of the stirring mechanism

[0056] Start stirring before the system starts adding the ingredients;

[0057] Stir continuously during the dropwise addition process;

[0058] After the addition is complete, continue stirring for 1-5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing;

[0059] The agitator automatically shuts off when the liquid level is too low to prevent dry stirring.

[0060] 5. Safety interlock emergency switching control logic

[0061] Safe mode is triggered if any of the following conditions are met:

[0062] (1) When the liquid level in the dripping tank 1 is greater than or equal to the upper limit, the metering pump 205 stops and the electric three-way reversing valve 206 returns the liquid.

[0063] (2) If the pressure in the drip tank is greater than or equal to the upper limit, the metering pump 205 stops and the electric three-way reversing valve 206 returns to the flow, and an alarm is triggered.

[0064] (3) Excessive negative pressure in the acid storage tank → Forced gas replenishment; alarm will be triggered if the abnormality persists.

[0065] (4) Press the emergency stop button → Full stop + electric three-way reversing valve 206 backflow;

[0066] (5) Stirring failure → Stop dripping to prevent excessive local concentration, heat generation and volatilization.

[0067] A gas collecting mechanism 9 is installed above the dropping tank 1. The gas collecting mechanism 9 includes a gas collecting hood 902 installed above the dropping tank 1, a condenser 901, and a U-shaped return pipe 903. Since acidic gas rises, the gas collecting hood 902 is positioned above the dropping tank 1 and communicates with the tank interior. The gas collected by the gas collecting hood 902 flows into the condenser 901. The condenser 901 is a conventional water-cooled condenser, with its spiral condenser tubes configured as a T-shaped structure with three ports, consisting of a tee connecting one spiral condenser tube at the top and one at the bottom. The acidic gas enters through the middle port for heat exchange and condensation. The acid solution is discharged along the lower spiral condenser, and the remaining gas is discharged along the upper spiral condenser. The residual gas discharged from the upper part is discharged into the acid gas treatment system, which adopts an absorption tower or an alkaline spray system. The acid solution condensed at the bottom flows back to the dripping tank 1 through the U-shaped reflux pipe 903. The acid solution in the U-shaped reflux pipe 903 can form a liquid seal, which can not only ensure the smooth reflux of the condensed acid solution, but also prevent the gas from being pushed out in reverse when the pressure in the tank increases, thus avoiding obstruction of the reflux. When the pressure in the tank fluctuates, the liquid seal automatically compensates for the pressure difference, so that the pressure balance and gravity reflux do not interfere with each other.

[0068] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made to it and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0069] In the description of this utility model, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," which indicate direction or positional relationships, are based on the direction or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are used merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0070] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0071] The term "comprising" or any other similar term is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus / device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to those processes, articles, or apparatus / devices.

[0072] The technical solution of this utility model has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scope of this utility model is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrochloric acid dripping tank lined with glass, comprising a dripping tank (1) and an acid storage mechanism (2), wherein the acid storage mechanism (2) is disposed above the dripping tank (1), a dripping pipeline communicating with the interior of the dripping tank (1) is installed below the acid storage mechanism (2), a stirring mechanism (3) for stirring the acid solution inside the dripping tank (1) is provided on the dripping tank (1), a drain valve (4) for draining the liquid is installed below the dripping tank (1), and a feed valve (5) for conveying raw materials and a maintenance inlet (6) are also installed above the dripping tank (1), characterized in that: The dripping tank (1) is also equipped with a pressure gauge (7) for real-time monitoring of the tank pressure and a magnetic float level gauge (8) for real-time monitoring of the liquid level. A gas collection mechanism (9) for collecting acidic gas is installed above the dripping tank (1). The gas discharge port of the gas collection mechanism (9) is provided with a pipeline connected to the acidic gas treatment system. The acidic gas treatment system includes, but is not limited to, an absorption tower. The acid storage mechanism (2) includes an acid storage tank (201). Manual valves (202) are installed at both the upper and lower ends of the acid storage tank (201). The dripping pipeline is connected to the manual valve (202) located below. A metering pump (205) and an electric three-way reversing valve (206) are installed at the connection between the dripping pipeline and the manual valve (202) and at the connection between the dripping pipeline and the dripping tank (1), respectively. A return pipe (207) is installed on the branch pipeline of the electric three-way reversing valve (206) to return to the acid storage tank (201). A gas replenishment valve (203) and a vacuum pressure gauge (204) are installed above the acid storage tank (201). The gas collection mechanism (9) includes a gas collection hood (902), a condenser (901), and a U-shaped return pipe (903) installed above the dripping tank (1). The condenser tube inside the condenser (901) is connected to a spiral tube at the top and bottom through a three-way pipe to form a T-shaped pipe with three ports. The middle port of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the outlet of the gas collection hood (902). The upper port of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the acid gas treatment system through a gas pipe. The lower port of the T-shaped pipe is connected to the dripping tank (1) through the U-shaped return pipe (903).

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