An opening structure for a top cover

Abstract

This utility model discloses an opening structure for a top cover, belonging to the field of heavy vehicle engine cooling. It includes a top cover plate with a ventilation structure. The ventilation structure includes ventilation holes on the surface of the top cover plate, and an air guide assembly is provided on the cover of the ventilation holes. The air guide assembly is open on one side. By providing a ventilation structure including ventilation holes, an air guide assembly, and a protective assembly on the top cover plate, the airflow direction can be changed by the air guide assembly, preventing hot air from directly flowing back to the radiator and improving heat dissipation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of heavy vehicle engine heat dissipation, specifically, it relates to an opening structure for a top cover. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of construction machinery, the top cover, as an important protective component of the engine compartment, directly affects the heat dissipation performance and overall safety of the equipment due to its open structure design. In existing technologies, the ventilation structure of the top cover mostly adopts traditional openings or louvers, achieving heat dissipation from the engine compartment only through simple openings. For example, Chinese patent CN2014724U discloses a top cover for an excavator, including a main body installed at the opening of the cover. The main body is composed of a muffler cover, a main body cover, and a radiator cover. The bottom of the muffler cover is fixedly connected to the cover by bolts. The main body cover has a supporting longitudinal beam arranged perpendicular to the supporting crossbeam in the middle. The main body cover is divided into front and rear covers located on both sides of the longitudinal beam, with the opposite sides of the front and rear covers hinged to the supporting longitudinal beam. A first supporting structure is provided between the front and rear covers and the supporting crossbeam on the corresponding muffler cover side. The bottom of the radiator cover is movably connected to the cover via a second supporting structure.

[0003] However, this type of structure has several drawbacks. The airflow direction of traditional openings is perpendicular to the top surface of the shroud (i.e., straight upwards). When the hot airflow in the engine compartment is discharged through the openings, the airflow near the radiator is easily drawn back in due to the strong suction of the radiator, forming a hot air recirculation. This causes the radiator to repeatedly process hot air, resulting in a significant decrease in heat dissipation efficiency. Especially under high load conditions, this can easily lead to engine overheating failure.

[0004] In view of the above, this application is hereby submitted. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an opening structure for a top cover.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] An opening structure for a top cover includes a top cover plate, the top cover plate having a ventilation structure, the ventilation structure including ventilation holes formed on the surface of the top cover plate, the ventilation holes being covered by an air guide assembly, the air guide assembly being open on one side.

[0008] Preferably, the top cover plate is provided with multiple ventilation structures, and the opening directions of the multiple air guide components are parallel to each other.

[0009] Preferably, the ventilation structure further includes a rainproof flange, which is disposed on the top cover plate and surrounds the edge of the ventilation hole.

[0010] Preferably, the air guide assembly includes an air guide hood, which is connected to the top cover plate to form a hood-shaped air outlet channel. The air guide hood includes a rear plate, a side plate, and a top plate. The rear plate is connected to the top cover plate, the side plates are disposed on both sides of the rear plate, and the top plate is connected to the top of the rear plate, forming an air guide assembly with a single-sided opening together with the side plates.

[0011] Preferably, the included angle α between the rear plate and the top cover plate is 0°-90°, and the included angle β between the perpendicular lines of the top plate and the top cover plate is 0°-90°.

[0012] Preferably, the air guide shroud further includes a flow guide plate, which is disposed at the opening of the air guide shroud, and the included angle γ between the flow guide plate and the edge of the opening of the air guide shroud is 0°-360°.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided between the top plate and the top cover plate.

[0014] Preferably, the air guide cover and the top cover plate are fixed by welding, bolting or snap-fit ​​connection.

[0015] Preferably, a protective component is installed on the opening, the protective component including a protective net, the protective net covering the opening of the air guide shroud.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. By setting a ventilation structure including ventilation holes, air guide components and protective components on the top cover plate, the air outlet direction can be changed by the air guide components, avoiding hot air from flowing directly back to the radiator and improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0018] 2. By having the openings of multiple air guide components parallel to each other, the air outlet direction of each ventilation structure is kept consistent, forming an orderly airflow guide, reducing airflow disturbance and mutual interference between different openings, thereby more efficiently guiding hot air away from the radiator, strengthening the hot air backflow suppression effect, and improving the stability of the whole machine's heat dissipation system.

[0019] 3. By using a rainproof flange to surround the edge of the ventilation hole, rainwater can be prevented from flowing along the surface of the top cover to the ventilation hole and into the engine compartment. This prevents rainwater from directly washing the engine, electrical components and other core parts, significantly reducing the risk of parts corrosion, extending the service life of parts in the engine compartment and improving the reliability of construction machinery in rainy conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air guide cover of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the angle structure of the air guide cover of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air guiding structure of this utility model combined with traditional heat dissipation.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Top cover; 2. Air guide cover; 3. Reinforcing rib; 4. Protective net; 5. Rainproof flange; 6. Rear panel; 7. Side panel; 8. Top panel; 9. Drainage plate. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 – Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides an opening structure for a top cover, including a top cover plate 1. The top cover plate 1 is provided with a ventilation structure, which includes ventilation holes opened on the surface of the top cover plate 1. The ventilation holes are covered with an air guide assembly, which is open on one side.

[0028] By setting a ventilation structure including ventilation holes, air guide components and protective components on the top cover plate 1, the air outlet direction can be changed by the air guide components, avoiding hot air from flowing back to the radiator directly and improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0029] Furthermore, the top cover plate 1 is provided with multiple ventilation structures. The opening directions of the multiple air guide components are parallel to each other. The parallel opening directions of the multiple air guide components ensure that the air outlet direction of each ventilation structure is consistent, forming an orderly airflow guidance, reducing airflow disturbance and mutual interference between different openings, thereby more efficiently guiding hot air away from the radiator, strengthening the hot air backflow suppression effect, and improving the stability of the entire engine cooling system. The setting of multiple ventilation structures can increase the overall ventilation area and further optimize the heat dissipation performance of the engine compartment.

[0030] The ventilation structure also includes a rainproof flange 5, which is disposed on the top cover plate 1 and surrounds the edge of the ventilation hole. By surrounding the edge of the ventilation hole with the rainproof flange 5, rainwater can be prevented from flowing along the surface of the top cover plate 1 to the ventilation hole and entering the engine compartment, thus preventing rainwater from directly washing the engine, electrical components and other core components, significantly reducing the risk of parts corrosion, extending the service life of components in the engine compartment, and improving the reliability of construction machinery in rainy conditions.

[0031] Preferably, the air guide assembly includes an air guide hood 2, which is connected to the top cover plate 1 to form a hood-shaped air outlet channel. The air guide hood 2 includes a rear plate 6, side plates 7, and a top plate 8. The rear plate 6 is connected to the top cover plate 1, the side plates 7 are disposed on both sides of the rear plate 6, and the top plate 8 is connected to the top of the rear plate 6, forming an air guide assembly with a single-sided opening together with the side plates 7.

[0032] The air guide cover 2 forms a hood-shaped air outlet channel with a single-sided opening through the rear plate 6, side plate 7 and top plate 8. This can change the upward air outlet of the ventilation hole to a single-sided guided air outlet (such as to the rear or side), effectively avoiding the suction range of the radiator and structurally blocking the hot air return path. At the same time, the hood-shaped structure can reduce the directly exposed opening area compared with traditional openings, and together with the protective components, it can further enhance the effect of preventing falling objects and rain.

[0033] The included angle α between the rear plate 6 and the top cover plate 1 is 0°-90°, and the included angle β between the top plate 8 and the perpendicular line of the top cover plate 1 is 0°-90°. The included angle α (0°-90°) between the rear plate 6 and the top cover plate 1, and the included angle β (0°-90°) between the top plate 8 and the perpendicular line of the top cover plate 1 are adjustable, so that the opening direction and air outlet angle of the air guide shroud 2 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual working conditions (such as radiator position and ambient wind direction). This can not only adapt to the heat dissipation requirements of different models of equipment, but also accurately guide airflow under complex working conditions, minimize the probability of hot air backflow, and improve the adaptability and versatility of the heat dissipation system.

[0034] Preferably, the air guide shroud 2 further includes a guide plate 9, which is disposed at the opening of the air guide shroud 2. The included angle γ between the guide plate 9 and the edge of the opening of the air guide shroud 2 is 0°-360°. The guide plate 9 is disposed at the opening of the air guide shroud 2, and the included angle γ is adjustable (0°-360°). By changing the cross-sectional area and guiding angle of the air outlet channel, the air outlet speed and direction can be adjusted. Reducing the air outlet area can increase the air speed, enhance the airflow discharge power, and further suppress hot air backflow. Combined with the angle adjustment of the main body of the air guide shroud 2, precise control of airflow can be achieved to meet the needs of different heat dissipation efficiencies and anti-backflow effects.

[0035] Furthermore, the angle γ can be selected after confirming the values ​​of α and β. The angles α, β and γ can be designed and fixed at the beginning of manufacturing, or the air guide shroud 2 can be set as an adjustable component, and the angles α, β and γ can be adjusted after installation (specifically, hinges and other structures can be set between the various parts of the air guide shroud 2).

[0036] Multiple reinforcing ribs 3 are provided between the top plate 8 and the top cover plate 1. The reinforcing ribs 3 mainly serve to optimize the structural strength, and can strengthen the air guide hood 2 with a relatively low thickness. The reinforcing ribs 3 between the top plate 8 and the top cover plate 1 can enhance the structural strength of the air guide hood 2, which is especially suitable for air guide hood 2 made of thinner plates. It can prevent structural deformation caused by long-term vibration, external impact or high temperature environment, ensure the long-term stability and reliability of the angle adjustment function and air outlet guiding effect of the air guide hood 2, and extend the overall service life of the top cover opening structure.

[0037] The air guide shroud 2 and the top cover plate 1 are fixed together by welding, bolting, or snap-fit. The air guide shroud 2 and the top cover plate 1 can be fixed together using various methods, such as welding, bolting, or snap-fit, allowing for selection of a suitable connection method based on manufacturing process requirements, maintenance convenience, and equipment operating environment: welding provides high-strength fixation and is suitable for high-vibration conditions; bolting or snap-fit ​​connections facilitate later disassembly and maintenance, making it convenient to adjust the angle of the air guide shroud 2 or replace damaged parts, improving manufacturing flexibility and maintenance economy. A hinge connection can also be used to achieve an adjustable angle.

[0038] Preferably, a protective component is installed on one side of the air guide assembly's opening. The protective component includes a protective net 4, which covers and is installed at the opening of the air guide shroud 2. Different sizes and specifications of the protective net 4 can be selected according to the operating conditions. The protective component, with the protective net 4 covering the opening of the air guide shroud 2, can effectively block fallen objects such as leaves, insects, and dust from entering the engine compartment, preventing them from accumulating on the surface of high-temperature components and causing a fire, or blocking ventilation holes and affecting heat dissipation. The protective net 4 is directly installed at the opening of the air guide shroud 2, forming double protection with the shroud structure. Furthermore, different mesh sizes of the protective net 4 can be selected according to the operating conditions to balance the air outlet area and the effect of preventing fallen objects, adapting to complex environments such as those with many fallen leaves or dust pollution.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, for situations where heat dissipation requirements are not high, the air guide shroud 2 and the traditional opening can be combined to change the air outlet direction at the air guide shroud 2, thereby affecting the air outlet direction at the traditional opening.

[0040] Specifically, the high-temperature airflow in the engine compartment is discharged upward through the ventilation holes on the top cover plate 1, and first passes through the hood-shaped air outlet channel formed by the air guide shroud 2. The air guide shroud 2 is composed of the rear plate 6, the side plate 7, and the top plate 8, forming a single-sided opening structure (such as a rearward opening), which transforms the traditional straight upward air outlet (vertical to the top cover plate 1) into a single-sided guided air outlet (such as exhausting upward and backward), avoiding the suction range of the front radiator and blocking the hot air return path from the source.

[0041] Rear plate 6 angle α (0°-90°): The angle α between the rear plate 6 and the top cover plate 1 determines the overall tilt direction of the air guide shroud 2. For example, when α = 60°, the airflow is discharged to the rear and upward, away from the radiator; α can be adjusted on-site through bolt holes or hinge structure to adapt to the radiator layout of different equipment (such as excavator radiators which are mostly located at the front and need to be guided to the rear).

[0042] Angle β of top plate 8 (0°-90°): The angle β between top plate 8 and the vertical line of top cover plate 1 adjusts the height and cross-sectional area of ​​the air outlet channel. When β = 80°, top plate 8 is close to horizontal, forming a flat air outlet channel, which enhances the airflow diffusion capacity; when β = 45°, the channel narrows, increasing the air outlet speed to enhance the heat dissipation power.

[0043] The angle γ of the deflector plate 9 (0°-360°): The deflector plate 9 is installed at the opening of the air guide shroud 2. By changing the angle γ with the edge of the opening (e.g., γ = 150° to increase the cross-sectional area, γ = 120° to decrease the cross-sectional area), the wind direction and wind speed can be finely adjusted. When the cross-sectional area is reduced, the wind speed increases by 20%-30%, effectively suppressing hot air backflow; in conjunction with the adjustment of α and β, precise airflow guidance can be achieved under complex working conditions (e.g., adjusting γ to deflect the airflow to the side in a headwind environment).

[0044] The openings of multiple air guide components on the top cover 1 are kept parallel (e.g., all facing the rear of the vehicle), forming a unified rearward airflow and avoiding airflow collisions or turbulence between different openings. This layout increases the overall ventilation area by more than 30%, and the airflow is discharged in an orderly manner, improving heat dissipation efficiency by 25% compared to traditional dispersed openings.

[0045] Falling object blocking mechanism:

[0046] The protective component uses a protective mesh 4 to cover the opening of the air guide shroud 2. The mesh size (e.g., 5mm×5mm) can be selected according to the working conditions.

[0047] In environments with a lot of fallen leaves: Use a 5mm mesh screen 4 to block more than 95% of leaves (diameter > 5mm) while allowing airflow to pass through smoothly;

[0048] Dusty environment: Replace with 2mm mesh screen 4 to block fine sand (particle size > 2mm) and balance heat dissipation and dust prevention needs.

[0049] The protective net 4 is fixed to the inside of the air guide shroud 2 by buckles, forming a double barrier with the shroud structure to prevent falling objects from directly hitting the ventilation holes or entering the engine compartment.

[0050] Rainproof design:

[0051] The rainproof flange 5 (bent upwards by 5mm) at the edge of the ventilation hole prevents rainwater from flowing along the surface of the top cover plate 1 into the hole. In rainy weather, rainwater is guided at the flange and discharged along both sides of the top cover plate 1; the single-sided opening structure of the air guide hood 2 (such as a rearward opening) further reduces the possibility of rainwater directly entering, reducing rainwater intrusion by more than 70% compared to the traditional straight hole structure.

[0052] The reinforcing ribs 3 (L-shaped metal strips) between the top plate 8 and the top cover plate 1 enhance the vibration resistance of the air guide shroud 2. Under high-frequency vibration conditions of engineering machinery, the reinforcing ribs 3 can reduce the deformation of the air guide shroud 2 (especially thin plates), ensure the long-term stability of angles α and β, and avoid air guide failure caused by structural displacement.

[0053] Fixing methods: The air guide cover 2 and the top cover plate 1 can be fixed by bolt connection (with elongated hole adjustment groove), welding (suitable for high vibration scenarios), or clips (quick disassembly and assembly). The bolt connection supports fine-tuning of the angle on site, and the clip design reduces the disassembly time of the protective net 4 to 5 minutes, facilitating regular cleaning of fallen objects.

[0054] Hinge structure: If the air guide shroud 2 is designed as an adjustable component (such as the rear plate 6 and the top cover plate 1 being connected by a hinge), the user can adjust α and β by adjusting the hinge angle after installation to adapt to the heat dissipation requirements of different equipment (such as the difference in radiator position between loaders and excavators).

[0055] Scenarios with low heat dissipation requirements:

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, when the equipment is under low load (such as idling), some of the traditional openings (excluding the area of ​​the air guide shroud 2) can be opened to work in synergy with the air outlet of the air guide shroud 2: the directional airflow of the air guide shroud 2 drives the upward airflow of the traditional openings to move backward, avoiding the low-speed airflow from stagnating at the top of the cabin, while the protective structure of the air guide shroud 2 indirectly reduces the intrusion of falling objects from the traditional openings.

[0057] Coping with extreme environments:

[0058] High temperature and high dust conditions: Adjust the air intake plate 9γ to 120° to reduce the air outlet area and increase the air velocity to 8m / s (normally 6m / s) to quickly exhaust hot air and reduce dust accumulation.

[0059] Heavy rain environment: Check whether the rainproof flange 5 is deformed, ensure that rainwater is guided along the flange, and temporarily install a waterproof baffle if necessary (optional accessory).

Claims

1. An opening structure for a top cover, comprising a top cover plate (1), characterized in that: The top cover plate (1) is provided with a ventilation structure, which includes ventilation holes opened on the surface of the top cover plate (1). The ventilation holes are covered with air guide components, and the air guide components are open on one side.

2. The opening structure for a top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover plate (1) is provided with multiple ventilation structures, and the opening directions of the multiple air guide components are parallel to each other.

3. The opening structure for a top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation structure also includes a rainproof flange (5), which is disposed on the top cover plate (1) and surrounds the edge of the ventilation hole.

4. The opening structure for a top cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide assembly includes an air guide hood (2), which is connected to the top cover plate (1) and forms a hood-shaped air outlet channel. The air guide hood (2) includes a rear plate (6), a side plate (7) and a top plate (8). The rear plate (6) is connected to the top cover plate (1), the side plate (7) is located on both sides of the rear plate (6), and the top plate (8) is connected to the top of the rear plate (6), forming an air guide assembly with a single-sided opening together with the side plate (7).

5. The opening structure for a top cover according to claim 4, characterized in that: The included angle α between the rear plate (6) and the top cover plate (1) is 0°-90°, and the included angle β between the vertical line of the top plate (8) and the top cover plate (1) is 0°-90°.

6. The opening structure for a top cover according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air guide shroud (2) also includes a flow guide plate (9), which is disposed at the opening of the air guide shroud (2), and the included angle γ between the flow guide plate (9) and the opening edge of the air guide shroud (2) is 0°-360°.

7. The opening structure for a top cover according to claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple reinforcing ribs (3) are provided between the top plate (8) and the top cover plate (1).

8. An opening structure for a top cover according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that: The air guide cover (2) is fixed to the top cover plate (1) by welding, bolting or snap-fit ​​connection.

9. An opening structure for a top cover according to any one of claims 4-7, characterized in that: A protective component is installed on the opening, the protective component including a protective net (4), the protective net (4) covering the opening of the air guide shroud (2).

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