Gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure
By designing a test structure for gearbox skeleton oil seals, the problem of only being able to test a single specification in existing technologies was solved, enabling parallel testing of oil seals of multiple specifications, shortening the R&D cycle and improving testing accuracy.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 江苏环欧智能传动设备有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
Smart Images
Figure CN224317293U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of skeleton oil seal testing equipment, and in particular to a gearbox skeleton oil seal testing structure. Background Technology
[0002] As the core sealing element of rotating shaft systems, the reliability of skeleton oil seals directly affects the service life of equipment such as gearboxes, pumps, and valves. Currently, the industry mainly relies on single-unit test benches to verify the performance of skeleton oil seals: a single oil seal is placed in a simulated cavity, and its sealing performance and wear condition are tested by rotating the drive shaft and applying parameters such as medium pressure and temperature.
[0003] However, the above method has significant bottlenecks: it can only test a single specification of oil seal at a time, while the actual equipment needs to be compatible with oil seals of various shaft diameters and lip structures. Each time a new specification is added, the testing system needs to be reconfigured, which leads to an extension of the R&D verification cycle.
[0004] Therefore, in response to the demand for batch verification of oil seals of various specifications in high-end equipment, there is an urgent need for a new test structure that can simultaneously support oil seals of various specifications and accurately simulate different chemical conditions. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to propose a gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure to solve the problem.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure, comprising:
[0007] axis;
[0008] A base and two rotating support units disposed opposite each other on the base for rotating support shafts;
[0009] At least one test unit is disposed on the base and located between two rotating support units. The test unit includes a housing with a lubricating oil storage cavity. At least two shaft holes with overlapping axes and communicating with the lubricating oil storage cavity are provided on the housing.
[0010] The oil seal to be tested has at least two different specifications and is fixed in the shaft hole of each of the test units. The inner circumferential surface of the oil seal to be tested is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the shaft passing through the shaft hole. During the test, the shaft is driven to rotate axially so that it rubs against the oil seal to be tested in each test unit, so as to test the performance of the oil seal to be tested of multiple specifications under simulated working environment at the same time.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the rotating support unit includes:
[0012] The bearing housing has a bearing mounting groove and an oil reservoir for storing lubricating oil inside. The bearing housing has two shaft grooves that pass through the oil reservoirs, and the center lines of the two shaft grooves coincide with each other.
[0013] Elastic retaining ring;
[0014] The bearing is disposed in the bearing mounting groove, and the shoulder portion of the shaft is fitted with an elastic retaining ring to axially limit the bearing;
[0015] A through cover is provided at one end of the bearing housing. The oil seal to be tested is respectively provided in the through hole of the through cover and in one of the shaft grooves of the bearing housing. The inner circumferential surface of the oil seal to be tested is in contact with the outer circumferential surface at both ends of the shaft.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the testing unit is an oil seal housing.
[0017] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the test structure further includes a drive unit, which includes a motor and a transmission connection assembly. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the end of the shaft through the transmission connection assembly to drive the shaft to rotate axially.
[0018] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the transmission connection assembly includes:
[0019] A motor flange, which is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor;
[0020] A shaft flange, which is fixedly connected to one end of the shaft;
[0021] A universal joint is connected between the motor flange and the shaft flange.
[0022] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the level of the lubricating oil is at least one-third of the radial height of the lowest bearing ball.
[0023] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the oil storage groove inside the bearing housing is divided into two oil chambers by the bearing, the transparent cover is provided with an oil return groove, and the bearing housing is provided with an oil return hole that connects to the oil return groove. The oil return groove and the oil return hole form an oil passage connecting the two oil chambers inside the same bearing housing.
[0024] As a preferred embodiment of this invention, the test structure further includes:
[0025] Motor base, which is used to support and fix the bottom of the motor;
[0026] The test bench base is used to support and fix the base.
[0027] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the test structure further includes a plurality of mutually compatible bolts and nuts, which are used to fix the motor base to the motor and the base to the test bench base.
[0028] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the oil seal housing is provided with at least two and arranged at intervals along the length of the shaft, and the center line of the shaft hole of each oil seal housing coincides with the center line of the shaft.
[0029] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Several test units are set between the rotating support units. At least two specifications of the oil seal skeleton to be tested are installed in the shaft hole of the test unit. Oil is injected into the lubricating oil storage cavity. The lubricating oil cavity simulates the oil pressure environment of a real gearbox, which improves the accuracy of the test results. The shaft rotates at high speed, causing circumferential friction between the shaft and the different specifications of the oil seal skeleton to be tested fixed in each test unit. The sealing performance, temperature rise and wear data of the oil seal are monitored, thereby realizing the parallel testing of multiple specifications of oil seals and shortening the research and development cycle. Attached Figure Description
[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0031] Figure 1 This is a top-sectional view of the present invention.
[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main view partial section structure of this utility model;
[0033] Figure 3 For the present utility model Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a local structure in the middle;
[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first bearing housing, the first oil seal housing, the second oil seal housing, the second bearing housing, and the base of this utility model.
[0035] Figure 5 This is a right-side view of the structure of the second bearing housing of this utility model;
[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the left side of the second oil seal housing of this utility model;
[0037] Figure 7 This is a right-side structural schematic diagram of the first bearing housing of this utility model;
[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the left side of the first bearing housing structure of this utility model;
[0039] Figure 9 This is a top view of the first bearing housing, the first oil seal housing, the second oil seal housing, the second bearing housing, and the base of this utility model.
[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the first bearing housing, the first oil seal housing, the second oil seal housing, the second bearing housing, and the base of this utility model;
[0041] Figure 11 This is a top sectional view of the first bearing housing, the first oil seal housing, the second oil seal housing, and the second bearing housing of this utility model.
[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of this utility model.
[0043] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Shaft flange; 2. Oil seal No. 1; 3. First through cover; 4. First elastic retaining ring; 5. Bearing No. 1; 6. First bearing housing; 7. Oil seal No. 2; 8. Oil seal No. 3; 9. First oil seal housing; 10. Oil seal No. 4; 11. Oil seal No. 5; 12. Second oil seal housing; 13. Oil seal No. 6; 14. Oil seal No. 7; 15. Second bearing housing; 16. Bearing No. 2; 17. Base; 18. Second elastic retaining ring; 19. Second through cover; 20. Oil seal No. 8; 21. Shaft. Detailed Implementation
[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0045] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this utility model should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this utility model do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure includes: a shaft 21; a base 17 and two rotating support units disposed opposite to each other on the base 17 for rotating support of both ends of the shaft 21; at least one test unit disposed on the base 17 and located between the two rotating support units, the test unit including a housing with a lubricating oil storage cavity, the housing having at least two shaft holes with overlapping axes and communicating with the lubricating oil storage cavity; a skeleton oil seal to be tested, having at least two different specifications and respectively fixed in the shaft holes of each test unit, the inner circumferential surface of the skeleton oil seal to be tested being in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the shaft 21 passing through the shaft hole; during the test, the shaft 21 is axially rotated to rub against the skeleton oil seal to be tested in each test unit, so as to simultaneously test the performance of multiple specifications of skeleton oil seals to be tested under simulated working conditions;
[0047] The above technical solution enables parallel testing of oil seals of various specifications, thereby shortening the R&D cycle. In use, at least two specifications of the oil seal skeleton to be tested are installed in the shaft hole of the test unit, and oil is injected into the lubricating oil storage chamber. The lubricating oil chamber simulates the real gearbox oil pressure environment, improving the accuracy of the test results. The shaft 21 is rotated at high speed, causing the shaft 21 to circumferentially rub against the different specifications of the oil seal skeleton to be tested fixed in each test unit, and the sealing performance, temperature rise and wear data of the oil seal are monitored.
[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the rotating support unit includes: a bearing housing, which has a bearing mounting groove and an oil reservoir for storing lubricating oil inside; the bearing housing has two shaft grooves that pass through the oil reservoir, and the center lines of the two shaft grooves coincide with each other; an elastic retaining ring; a bearing, which is disposed in the bearing mounting groove, and the shoulder portion of the shaft 21 cooperates with the elastic retaining ring to axially limit the bearing; a through cover, which is disposed at one end of the bearing housing; the oil seal to be tested is disposed in the through hole of the through cover and in one of the shaft grooves of the bearing housing, and the inner circumferential surface of the oil seal to be tested is in contact with the outer circumferential surface at both ends of the shaft 21;
[0049] The above technical solution ensures that shaft 21 will not become unstable due to high-speed rotation, prevents overheating damage caused by insufficient bearing lubrication, provides lubrication for the bearing through the oil reservoir in the bearing housing, prevents axial movement of the bearing by engaging the elastic retaining ring with the shaft shoulder, and seals the cover and bearing housing to prevent lubricating oil leakage. Furthermore, the bearing housing itself provides two testing stations for the oil seal skeleton to be tested, combined with the attached... Figure 1 and attached Figure 2When there are two test units and two support units (bearing housings), it is possible to test eight different sizes of the skeleton oil seals to be tested at one time. As an alternative, the support unit can also be selected without the bearing housing, and only a single-function bearing seat can be used. The main purpose is to provide stable support for the shaft 21 and ensure that it will not become unstable due to high-speed rotation. However, compared with the bearing housing, the bearing seat cannot provide an additional testing station. Therefore, it is necessary to choose according to the actual situation.
[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the test unit is an oil seal housing; preferably, at least two oil seal housings are provided and arranged at intervals along the length direction of shaft 21, and the center line of the shaft hole of each oil seal housing coincides with the center line of shaft 21.
[0051] The above technical solution allows for independent testing of the oil seal skeleton. Each oil seal housing is independent of the others. Compared to a series setup, the independent modular design avoids mutual interference of oil pressure, thus preventing interference with the accuracy of the test. In use, the top cover of the oil seal housing is removed, the oil seal to be tested is installed, lubricating oil is injected to the specified level, and the housing is sealed. The oil seal housing is an independent module, with the oil seal to be tested installed in its shaft hole. The lubricating oil storage chamber surrounds the oil seal to form a closed oil pressure environment.
[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the test structure also includes a drive unit, which includes a motor and a transmission connection assembly. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the end of the shaft 21 through the transmission connection assembly to drive the shaft 21 to rotate axially. Specifically, the transmission connection assembly includes: a motor flange, which is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor; a shaft flange 1, which is fixedly connected to one end of the shaft 21; and a universal joint, which is connected between the motor flange and the shaft flange 1.
[0053] The above technical solution can drive the shaft 21 to rotate at high speed. In use, the motor flange is keyed to the motor output shaft, and the two ends of the universal joint are connected to the motor flange and the shaft flange 1 respectively. The universal joint compensates for the radial / angular deviation between the motor output shaft and the test shaft 21. The flange transmits torque, and the motor transmits the torque to the shaft 21 through the transmission connection assembly to drive its rotation.
[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the lubricating oil level is more than one-third of the radial height of the lowest ball of the bearing;
[0055] The above technical solution can prevent local dry friction of the bearing caused by low liquid level, increase oil churning loss by high liquid level, ensure that the lubricating oil level is higher than the center line of the lowest ball of the bearing, and ensure that the ball is fully immersed in lubrication. The optimized liquid level makes the bearing temperature drop greater, the energy consumption is significantly reduced, and the continuity of the test is improved.
[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the oil reservoir inside the bearing housing is divided into two oil chambers by the bearing, and an oil return groove is provided through the cover. The bearing housing is provided with an oil return hole that connects to the oil return groove. The oil return groove and the oil return hole form an oil passage that connects the two oil chambers inside the same bearing housing.
[0057] The above technical solution can accurately verify the dynamic sealing performance of the oil seal. The two oil chambers are connected by the return oil groove and the return oil hole to prevent blockage. The return oil groove can collect the oil that is thrown onto the inner wall of the end cover and guide this oil towards the return oil hole. The return oil hole collects all the lubricating oil flowing to it and quickly and thoroughly discharges the used lubricating oil from the bearing cavity and sends it back to the oil tank.
[0058] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the test structure further includes: a motor base for supporting and fixing the bottom of the motor; a test bench base for supporting and fixing the base 17; the test structure also includes a plurality of mutually compatible bolts and nuts for fixing the motor base to the motor and the base 17 to the test bench base.
[0059] The above technical solution allows the motor and base 17 to be detachably mounted on the motor base and the test bench base, respectively. The high-strength bolt group provides shear resistance, prevents the structure from loosening under high-speed rotation, and prevents the connection structure from failing due to long-term alternating loads.
[0060] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.
[0061] This utility model is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A test structure for a gearbox skeleton oil seal, characterized in that, include: Axis (21); A base (17) and two rotating support units disposed on the base (17) for rotating the support shaft (21) at both ends; At least one test unit is disposed on the base (17) and located between two rotating support units. The test unit includes a housing with a lubricating oil storage cavity. At least two shaft holes with overlapping axes and communicating with the lubricating oil storage cavity are provided on the housing. The oil seal to be tested has at least two different specifications and is fixed in the shaft hole of each of the test units. The inner circumferential surface of the oil seal to be tested is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the shaft (21) passing through the shaft hole. During the test, the shaft (21) is driven to rotate axially so that it rubs against the oil seal to be tested in each test unit, so as to test the performance of the oil seal to be tested of multiple specifications in a simulated working environment at the same time.
2. The gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotational support unit includes: The bearing housing has a bearing mounting groove and an oil reservoir for storing lubricating oil inside. The bearing housing has two shaft grooves that pass through the oil reservoirs, and the center lines of the two shaft grooves coincide with each other. Elastic retaining ring; The bearing is located in the bearing mounting groove, and the shoulder portion of the shaft (21) is fitted with an elastic retaining ring to axially limit the bearing; The cover is located at one end of the bearing housing. The oil seal to be tested is located in the through hole of the cover and in one of the shaft grooves of the bearing housing. The inner circumferential surface of the oil seal to be tested is in contact with the outer circumferential surface at both ends of the shaft (21).
3. The gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The test unit is an oil-sealed housing.
4. The gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test structure also includes a drive unit, which includes a motor and a transmission connection assembly. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the end of the shaft (21) via the transmission connection assembly to drive the shaft (21) to rotate axially.
5. The gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The transmission connection assembly includes: A motor flange, which is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor; A shaft flange (1) is fixedly connected to one end of the shaft (21); A universal joint is connected between the motor flange and the shaft flange (1).
6. The gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The level of the lubricating oil is more than one-third of the radial height of the lowest ball of the bearing.
7. The gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The oil reservoir inside the bearing housing is divided into two oil chambers by the bearing. The cover is provided with an oil return groove, and the bearing housing is provided with an oil return hole that connects to the oil return groove. The oil return groove and the oil return hole form an oil passage that connects the two oil chambers inside the same bearing housing.
8. The gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The test structure also includes: Motor base, which is used to support and fix the bottom of the motor; The test bench base is used to support and fix the base (17).
9. The gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The test structure also includes a number of mutually compatible bolts and nuts, which are used to fix the motor base to the motor and the base (17) to the test bench base.
10. The gearbox skeleton oil seal test structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The oil seal housing is provided with at least two and is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the shaft (21), and the center line of the shaft hole of each oil seal housing coincides with the center line of the shaft (21).