A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of controller upgrading system supporting multiple vehicle-mounted communication protocol, including microcontroller, man-machine interactive device, transceiver and power device;The microcontroller is electrically connected with man-machine interactive device and transceiver respectively, and the power device is electrically connected with microcontroller;Integrated controller and communication interface unit are equipped on the microcontroller;The integrated controller is electrically connected with transceiver, and the communication interface unit includes data storage interface, peripheral debugging interface and external upgrading interface;The integrated controller includes multi-protocol communication module, storage module, power management module;The power management module is electrically connected with power device;The storage module is electrically connected with data storage interface;Multi-protocol communication module is electrically connected with external upgrading interface, and the peripheral debugging interface is connected with external equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicle control unit upgrade system, specifically relating to a controller upgrade system that supports multiple vehicle communication protocols. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of automotive intelligence, the demand for functional expansion and upgrades of in-vehicle equipment is increasing. Traditional in-vehicle controller upgrade solutions suffer from the following core problems: Limited by a single communication protocol: Relying on dedicated interfaces or specific protocols (such as single-channel LIN), they are incompatible with various in-vehicle communication networks such as CAN, CAN FD, and Ethernet. This leads to customized development for cross-brand and cross-model ECU upgrades, resulting in high costs and low efficiency. Insufficient hardware flexibility: Lacking universal storage interfaces (such as SD cards and Nor Flash) and convenient human-machine interfaces (such as cumbersome hard buttons), upgrade file management relies on dedicated tools, UI development requires significant hardware resources, and compatibility is poor. Outdated software architecture: Lacking a standardized real-time operating system (RTOS) and file system, its multi-protocol stack processing capabilities are weak, making it difficult to support complex upgrade processes (such as error checking), and cross-device compatibility is insufficient. Inconvenient power management: Relying on external fixed power supplies, lacking offline upgrade capabilities and battery charging management, upgrades cannot be implemented in scenarios without external power, limiting usage scenarios.

[0003] Existing automotive ECU upgrade technologies only support a single manufacturer's underlying protocol, require removing the ECU casing, are cumbersome to operate, and are incompatible with the UDS standard, resulting in poor cross-brand compatibility. The hardware integrates a single-channel LIN transceiver with no universal storage interface, and the software is bound to the car manufacturer's proprietary protocol, failing to support multi-protocol switching and local file import. They rely on an external power supply, only support CAN / CAN FD, are incompatible with LIN / Ethernet devices, require professional technicians to operate, and the upgrade process takes more than 30 minutes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems in related technologies, this utility model proposes a controller upgrade system that supports multiple vehicle communication protocols. By integrating multiple communication interfaces, flexible storage structure, and power management module, it enables the universal and convenient upgrade of vehicle controllers, reduces development costs, and improves the level of intelligence.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols includes a microcontroller, a human-machine interface device, a transceiver, and a power supply device; the microcontroller is electrically connected to the human-machine interface device and the transceiver, and the power supply device is electrically connected to the microcontroller.

[0007] The microcontroller is equipped with an integrated controller and a communication interface unit; the integrated controller is electrically connected to the transceiver, and the communication interface unit includes a data storage interface, a peripheral debugging interface, and an external upgrade interface;

[0008] The integrated controller includes a multi-protocol communication module, a storage module, and a power management module;

[0009] The power management module is electrically connected to the power supply device; the storage module is electrically connected to the data storage interface; the multi-protocol communication module is electrically connected to the external upgrade interface; and the peripheral debugging interface is connected to external devices.

[0010] Preferably, the data storage interface includes a serial peripheral interface and a secure digital input / output interface.

[0011] Specifically, the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) and the Secure Digital Input and Output (SDIO) are both peripheral interfaces.

[0012] Preferably, the storage module is connected to a secure digital card and a flash memory card; the secure digital card is electrically connected to the storage module through a secure digital input / output interface, and the flash memory card is electrically connected to the storage module through a serial peripheral interface.

[0013] Specifically, a Secure Digital Card (SD card) is a type of digital card, while a flash memory card is a type of NOR Flash card.

[0014] The storage module has a built-in 3072K PFlash for system program storage; external storage media supports SD card (SDIO interface, maximum 32GB) or Nor Flash (64Mb, SPI interface). It dynamically selects Nor Flash for small files (less than 8MB) and SD card for large files (greater than 8MB) based on the size of the upgrade file, thereby improving storage efficiency.

[0015] Preferably, the data storage interface further includes a USB interface, which is either a Type-A interface or a Type-C interface, and is connected to a computer via the USB interface.

[0016] Specifically, the USB interface supports Mass Storage devices. In practical applications, it uses the standard USB Type-A or Type-C interface to connect to external devices such as computers.

[0017] Preferably, the peripheral debugging interface includes a PWM interface, a UART interface, and an I2C interface, and the peripheral debugging interface is connected to external devices through a pin header or socket structure.

[0018] Specifically, PWM stands for Pulse width modulation.

[0019] UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter.

[0020] I2C stands for Inter-Integrated Circuit, a two-wire serial bus.

[0021] Preferably, the external upgrade interface includes a LIN interface, CAN and CAN FD interfaces, and an Ethernet interface.

[0022] Specifically, LIN stands for Local Interconnect Network.

[0023] CAN stands for Controller Area Network.

[0024] CAN FD stands for CAN with Flexible Data rate, meaning CAN with a variable data rate.

[0025] Preferably, the transceiver includes a LIN communication electronic control unit, a CAN communication electronic control unit, and an Ethernet electronic control unit.

[0026] Preferably, the LIN communication electronic control unit is connected to the LIN interface, the CAN communication electronic control unit is connected to the CAN and CAN FD interfaces, and the Ethernet electronic control unit is connected to the Ethernet interface.

[0027] Specifically, the LIN interface follows the LIN bus protocol standard, uses a single-wire connection, and is characterized by low cost and low speed, making it suitable for connecting ECU devices with low speed requirements, such as door control modules and seat control modules. The CAN & CAN FD interfaces, based on the CAN and CAN FD protocols, support high-speed data transmission and use differential signal transmission, effectively improving the anti-interference capability of data transmission. They are suitable for devices with high requirements for data real-time performance and accuracy, such as engine control units and transmission control units. The Ethernet interface follows the Ethernet standard, uses an RJ45 interface, and supports the IP-based diagnostic communication (DoIP) protocol, enabling remote flashing and data exchange with high-speed Ethernet devices such as domain controllers.

[0028] Preferably, the human-computer interaction device is a serial touch screen, which is electrically connected to the microcontroller via a UART interface.

[0029] Specifically, the serial touchscreen connects to the MCU via a UART interface and uses a 4.3-inch resistive / capacitive touch display (HMI serial screen). It supports rapid UI development (without needing to write complex graphics drivers), eliminates the need for hard buttons, and displays information such as upgrade progress, error codes, and device status in real time.

[0030] MCU stands for Microcontroller Unit, or microcontroller.

[0031] Preferably, the power management module is equipped with an integrated boost circuit to convert 5V voltage to 12V, with an output current not exceeding 1A.

[0032] Specifically, the power management module uses an integrated boost circuit (5V to 12V, output current ≤1A), which meets the standby operating current of most ECUs and powers the target ECU; it supports DC 12V input power and offline power supply from a lithium battery (4000mAh).

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0034] This invention provides a controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols, including a microcontroller, a human-machine interface device, a transceiver, and a power supply unit. The microcontroller integrates a controller and a communication interface unit, which includes a data storage interface, a peripheral debugging interface, and an external upgrade interface. It integrates multiple communication interfaces, supporting upgrades across all scenarios, from traditional distributed ECUs (LIN / CAN) to new domain controllers (Ethernet). Different protocols can be adapted through software configuration, breaking down the barriers of "one solution per vehicle model." The multi-protocol communication module provides the hardware foundation, and the multiple communication interfaces enable protocol adaptation. The power management module provides a boost circuit to ensure a stable power supply for the system in different scenarios. Ultimately, this achieves the universality and convenience of vehicle controller upgrades. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols in an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0038] Example

[0039] like Figures 1 to 2 A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols includes a microcontroller, a human-machine interface device, a transceiver, and a power supply device; the microcontroller is electrically connected to the human-machine interface device and the transceiver, and the power supply device is electrically connected to the microcontroller.

[0040] The microcontroller is equipped with an integrated controller and a communication interface unit; the integrated controller is electrically connected to the transceiver, and the communication interface unit includes a data storage interface, a peripheral debugging interface, and an external upgrade interface;

[0041] The integrated controller includes a multi-protocol communication module, a storage module, and a power management module;

[0042] The power management module is electrically connected to the power supply device; the storage module is electrically connected to the data storage interface; the multi-protocol communication module is electrically connected to the external upgrade interface; and the peripheral debugging interface is connected to external devices.

[0043] The microcontroller MCU used is the domestically produced GD32H757 microcontroller;

[0044] Multi-protocol communication module: integrates CAN & CAN FD controller (external SIT1044 transceiver, supporting 500Kbps to 2Mbps rate), USB FS interface (12Mbps), and Ethernet interface (100Mbps), providing the hardware foundation for multi-protocol communication and enabling high-speed data interaction with the vehicle host, computer, and other ECUs.

[0045] Preferably, the data storage interface includes a serial peripheral interface and a secure digital input / output interface.

[0046] Specifically, the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) and the Secure Digital Input and Output (SDIO) are both peripheral interfaces.

[0047] Preferably, the storage module is connected to a secure digital card and a flash memory card; the secure digital card is electrically connected to the storage module through a secure digital input / output interface, and the flash memory card is electrically connected to the storage module through a serial peripheral interface.

[0048] Specifically, a Secure Digital Card (SD card) is a type of digital card, while a flash memory card is a type of NOR Flash card.

[0049] The storage module has a built-in 3072K PFlash for system program storage; external storage media supports SD card (SDIO interface, maximum 32GB) or Nor Flash (64Mb, SPI interface). It dynamically selects Nor Flash for small files (less than 8MB) and SD card for large files (greater than 8MB) based on the size of the upgrade file, thereby improving storage efficiency.

[0050] External SD cards and Nor Flash are key components for storing upgrade files. The system can dynamically select the storage medium based on the size of the upgrade file, ensuring that upgrade files of different sizes have adequate storage space.

[0051] Preferably, the data storage interface further includes a USB interface, which is either a Type-A interface or a Type-C interface, and is connected to a computer via the USB interface.

[0052] Specifically, the USB interface supports Mass Storage devices. In practical applications, it uses the standard USB Type-A or Type-C interface to connect to external devices such as computers.

[0053] When connected to a computer, the system can function as a USB flash drive, thanks to its integrated USB Mass Storage protocol stack. Users can directly drag and drop .bin / .hex format upgrade files to the controller's SD card or Nor Flash memory. This plug-and-play design greatly simplifies the upgrade file transfer process, avoiding the tedious work of developing dedicated host computer software. Furthermore, the USB interface supports hot-swapping, allowing users to connect or disconnect external devices at any time during system operation. The system automatically recognizes and processes these connections, ensuring the stability and reliability of data transmission.

[0054] Preferably, the peripheral debugging interface includes a PWM interface, a UART interface, and an I2C interface, and the peripheral debugging interface is connected to external devices through a pin header or socket structure.

[0055] Specifically, PWM stands for Pulse width modulation.

[0056] UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter.

[0057] I2C stands for Inter-Integrated Circuit, a two-wire serial bus.

[0058] The reserved PWM, UART, and I2C input / output ports use standard pin headers or sockets for easy connection to external devices. These interfaces are 3.3V / 5V level compatible, enabling them to adapt to peripherals with various voltage standards.

[0059] External devices can be water pumps, sensors, relays, etc.

[0060] Taking a water pump as an example, the pump speed can be precisely controlled through the PWM interface, thereby adjusting the coolant flow rate.

[0061] Using the UART interface, data communication with sensors can be performed to obtain parameters such as temperature and pressure in real time.

[0062] The I2C interface is often used to connect multiple slave devices, such as multiple sensors or relays, to enable efficient data interaction and collaborative work between devices.

[0063] These interfaces not only allow for parameter configuration of these peripherals but also firmware debugging, greatly expanding the application scenarios and functions of the controller.

[0064] Preferably, the external upgrade interface includes a LIN interface, CAN and CAN FD interfaces, and an Ethernet interface.

[0065] Specifically, LIN stands for Local Interconnect Network.

[0066] CAN stands for Controller Area Network.

[0067] CAN FD stands for CAN with Flexible Data rate, meaning CAN with a variable data rate.

[0068] External upgrade interface: This interface is a key component for connecting electronic control units (ECUs) with different communication protocols, and integrates UDS diagnostic upgrade functions for LIN, CAN & CAN FD and Ethernet.

[0069] Preferably, the transceiver includes a LIN communication electronic control unit, a CAN communication electronic control unit, and an Ethernet electronic control unit.

[0070] Preferably, the LIN communication electronic control unit is connected to the LIN interface, the CAN communication electronic control unit is connected to the CAN and CAN FD interfaces, and the Ethernet electronic control unit is connected to the Ethernet interface.

[0071] Specifically, the LIN interface follows the LIN bus protocol standard, uses a single-wire connection, and features low cost and low speed. It is suitable for connecting ECU devices with low speed requirements, such as door control modules and seat control modules.

[0072] The CAN & CAN FD interface is based on the CAN and CAN FD protocols, supports high-speed data transmission, and adopts differential signal transmission method, which can effectively improve the anti-interference capability of data transmission. It is suitable for devices such as engine control units and transmission control units that have high requirements for data real-time performance and accuracy.

[0073] The Ethernet interface conforms to the Ethernet standard, uses the RJ45 interface, and supports the IP-based diagnostic communication (DoIP) protocol, enabling remote flashing and data interaction with high-speed Ethernet devices such as domain controllers.

[0074] This interface, through its internal protocol conversion circuit and control chip, can automatically identify and switch to the corresponding communication protocol mode based on the type of connected ECU device, ensuring stable communication with different devices.

[0075] The microcontroller is connected to an external transceiver (such as SIT1044) through an internal integrated controller (including CAN & CAN FD controllers, etc.) to convert the MCU's logic level signals into differential signals that conform to the CAN / CAN FD bus standard, enabling high-speed data interaction with the vehicle's main unit and other ECUs. During the upgrade process, it is responsible for sending the upgrade data in the storage module to the target ECU according to the corresponding protocol.

[0076] Meanwhile, the MCU's USB FS interface is connected to the USB interface, enabling the system to transfer data with the computer and import upgrade files.

[0077] The Ethernet interface works in conjunction with the Ethernet RJ45 interface and supports the DOIP protocol for communication with Ethernet devices.

[0078] The MCU's power management module integrates a boost circuit that converts 5V to 12V to power the target ECU, while simultaneously managing the lithium battery and DC input power to ensure stable system operation under different power supply conditions. The USB interface connects to the microcontroller's USB FS interface via a USB bus, enabling data transfer with the computer. When the user drags and drops upgrade files into the simulated USB flash drive storage area, the USB interface transfers the data to the microcontroller, which then stores the data in the corresponding storage module (SD card or Nor Flash). The peripheral debugging interface's PWM, UART, and I2C interfaces connect to the peripherals requiring debugging, allowing the microcontroller to configure parameters and debug firmware through these interfaces. The external upgrade interface connects to the target ECU via different communication lines (LIN, CAN / CAN FD, Ethernet) depending on the type of ECU connected. Under the microcontroller's control, data is transmitted according to the corresponding protocol to perform the ECU upgrade operation.

[0079] When a LIN slave device is connected, the microcontroller sends data in frames according to the UDSonLIN protocol in Master mode via the SIT1021 LIN.

[0080] When connecting to a CAN FD device, CAN FD frames are sent directly through the SIT1044 transceiver;

[0081] The SIT1044 supports the ISO 11898-2 standard, with a speed of up to 2Mbps, meeting the high-speed data transmission requirements of CAN / CAN FD communication. When used with the MCU's CAN / CAN FD controller, it can convert the MCU's logic levels into bus differential signals, enabling high-speed data interaction with the vehicle's main unit and other ECUs. Its high-speed and stable performance ensures fast and accurate transmission of upgrade data, improving upgrade efficiency and reliability.

[0082] When connecting Ethernet devices, a TCP connection is established via the DOIP protocol for data transmission.

[0083] The RJ45 interface, combined with the MCU's built-in 100Mbps Ethernet MAC controller, supports the DOIP protocol, enabling remote flashing of Ethernet devices such as domain controllers. Compared to the traditional CAN protocol, Ethernet offers significantly faster transmission speeds, greatly reducing upgrade time for large file upgrades, such as domain controller upgrades. For example, when transferring a 20MB file, the Ethernet interface is 8 times faster than the CAN protocol, taking ≤30 seconds, significantly improving upgrade efficiency.

[0084] Preferably, the human-computer interaction device is a serial touch screen, which is electrically connected to the microcontroller via a UART interface.

[0085] Specifically, the serial touchscreen connects to the MCU via a UART interface and uses a 4.3-inch resistive / capacitive touch display (HMI serial screen). It supports rapid UI development (without needing to write complex graphics drivers), eliminates the need for hard buttons, and displays information such as upgrade progress, error codes, and device status in real time.

[0086] A serial port touchscreen can also be a capacitive touchscreen.

[0087] MCU stands for Microcontroller Unit, or microcontroller.

[0088] The serial touchscreen of the human-machine interface device is connected to the MCU via a UART interface. During system operation, the MCU sends information such as upgrade progress, error codes, and device status to the serial touchscreen via the UART interface. The touchscreen receives the data, parses it, and displays it, providing the user with an intuitive operating interface. User operations on the touchscreen, such as selecting upgrade files, specifying protocol types, and setting storage addresses, are also fed back to the MCU via the UART interface. The MCU performs corresponding operations based on these instructions, realizing two-way interaction between the user and the system.

[0089] The touchscreen allows for convenient operation of target device selection, communication protocol selection, and storage address settings, enhancing the user experience. Compared to traditional methods involving hardware buttons and complex command input, the serial port touchscreen is more intuitive and convenient, improving upgrade efficiency.

[0090] Preferably, the power management module is equipped with an integrated boost circuit to convert 5V voltage to 12V, with an output current not exceeding 1A.

[0091] Specifically, the power management module uses an integrated boost circuit (5V to 12V, output current ≤1A), which meets the standby operating current of most ECUs and powers the target ECU; it supports DC 12V input power and offline power supply from a lithium battery (4000mAh).

[0092] The boost circuit converts 5V to 12V to power the target ECU, while the combination of lithium battery and DC input ensures that the system can obtain a stable power supply in different scenarios, whether in an environment with an external power supply or in an offline scenario.

[0093] The lithium battery provides offline upgrade capabilities with a runtime of ≥2 hours. In scenarios such as after-sales workshops and field operations without external power sources, the lithium battery ensures normal system operation and completes upgrades. Furthermore, its 2A charging current allows for rapid charging, guaranteeing continuous system availability. This self-powered design increases the system's flexibility and adaptability, expanding its application scenarios.

[0094] Here is an explanation of some abbreviations:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] This invention provides a controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols. Addressing the problems of poor protocol compatibility, complex operation, and low hardware adaptability in traditional vehicle ECU upgrade technologies, it utilizes a domestically produced GD32H757 MCU to construct a multi-protocol fusion architecture. The system integrates communication interfaces such as CAN / CAN FD, LIN, Ethernet, and USB, supports dynamic storage of upgrade files via SD card / NorFlash, and achieves "one-click" visual operation through a 4.3-inch serial touchscreen. It is compatible with the UDS diagnostic protocol and DOIP flashing standard. The hardware design includes a self-powered module (5V to 12V) and a 4000mAh lithium battery, supporting offline upgrades and battery charging management. The software is based on the Free RTOS real-time system and the FatFS file system, achieving efficient framing, CRC verification, and breakpoint resumption of upgrade data. This invention breaks down protocol barriers and hardware dependencies, significantly reducing development costs and operational difficulty. It is suitable for intelligent upgrades of diverse ECUs such as air conditioning controllers, water pump controllers, and domain controllers, promoting the standardization and universality of vehicle equipment upgrades.

[0098] This utility model provides a controller upgrade system that supports multiple vehicle communication protocols, and has the following features:

[0099] Beneficial effects:

[0100] 1. Significantly improved ease of use:

[0101] The touchscreen visual interface (graphical buttons, progress bar, error prompts) eliminates the need to memorize complex commands, and the upgrade can be initiated in just 3 steps.

[0102] USB plug-and-play transfer of upgrade files, supports drag-and-drop operation, completely eliminating the need for dedicated host computer software.

[0103] 2. Technical compatibility and scalability:

[0104] It supports mainstream in-vehicle communication protocols and can be expanded to support protocols such as SOME / IP through future software upgrades to adapt to the iteration of automotive electronics technology.

[0105] It reserves peripheral interfaces such as PWM / UART / I2C to facilitate the integration of debugging functions for equipment such as water pumps and air conditioning controllers, and to build a one-stop upgrade platform for vehicle equipment.

[0106] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to the utility model should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model. Furthermore, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of explanation and do not constitute any limitation on this utility model.

Claims

1. A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols, comprising a microcontroller, a human-machine interface device, a transceiver, and a power supply; wherein the microcontroller is electrically connected to the human-machine interface device and the transceiver, and the power supply is electrically connected to the microcontroller; characterized in that, The microcontroller is equipped with an integrated controller and a communication interface unit; the integrated controller is electrically connected to the transceiver, and the communication interface unit includes a data storage interface, a peripheral debugging interface, and an external upgrade interface; The integrated controller includes a multi-protocol communication module, a storage module, and a power management module; The power management module is electrically connected to the power supply device; the storage module is electrically connected to the data storage interface; the multi-protocol communication module is electrically connected to the external upgrade interface; and the peripheral debugging interface is connected to external devices.

2. The controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data storage interface includes a serial peripheral interface and a secure digital input / output interface.

3. A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols according to claim 2, characterized in that, The storage module is equipped with a security digital card and a flash memory card; the security digital card is electrically connected to the storage module through a security digital input / output interface, and the flash memory card is electrically connected to the storage module through a serial peripheral interface.

4. A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data storage interface also includes a USB interface, which can be either a Type-A or Type-C interface, and is used to connect to a computer.

5. A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols according to claim 1, characterized in that, The peripheral debugging interface includes a PWM interface, a UART interface, and an I2C interface. The peripheral debugging interface is connected to external devices through a pin header or socket structure.

6. A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external upgrade interfaces include LIN interface, CAN and CAN FD interfaces, and Ethernet interface.

7. A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transceiver includes a LIN communication electronic control unit, a CAN communication electronic control unit, and an Ethernet electronic control unit.

8. A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols according to claim 7, characterized in that, The LIN communication electronic control unit is connected to the LIN interface, the CAN communication electronic control unit is connected to the CAN and CAN FD interfaces, and the Ethernet electronic control unit is connected to the Ethernet interface.

9. A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols according to claim 1, characterized in that, The human-computer interaction device is a serial touch screen, which is electrically connected to the microcontroller via a UART interface.

10. A controller upgrade system supporting multiple vehicle communication protocols according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module is equipped with an integrated boost circuit to convert 5V to 12V, with an output current not exceeding 1A.

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