A motor vehicle exhaust emission reduction and purification treatment device
By combining multi-stage purification components and cold start heat compensation components, the problem of uneven purification effect of motor vehicle exhaust gas treatment devices under different operating conditions is solved, achieving efficient treatment of volatile organic compounds and fine metal particles, and improving purification efficiency and stability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NANJING YUANHENG ENVIRONMENT INST CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing vehicle exhaust treatment devices exhibit significant differences in purification efficiency under different operating conditions, particularly during low-temperature start-up and high-load operation, and have limited capacity to treat volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine metal particles.
It adopts multi-stage purification components and cold start heat compensation components, including a primary purification chamber, a secondary purification chamber and a tertiary purification chamber, combined with temperature sensors, heating rods, electrostatic adsorption dust collection plates, three-way catalytic converters, VOCs catalysts and activated carbon filter blocks, etc., to improve purification efficiency through multi-stage purification and temperature regulation.
It achieves synergistic treatment of multiple pollutants, improves purification capacity, enhances the adaptability and purification efficiency of the device, and ensures the purification effect of waste gas under different operating conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN224326326U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of motor vehicle environmental protection technology, and in particular to a motor vehicle exhaust gas purification treatment device for emission reduction. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of the global automotive industry, vehicle exhaust emissions have become one of the main sources of air pollution. Although existing exhaust purification devices have achieved certain results in reducing pollutant emissions, there are still many shortcomings.
[0003] Most existing motor vehicle exhaust treatment devices are traditional three-way catalytic converters, which have significantly different exhaust purification effects under different operating conditions. The purification efficiency is significantly reduced during low-temperature start-up and high-load operation. Moreover, they have limited capacity to treat some new pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine metal particles.
[0004] Therefore, a vehicle exhaust gas purification treatment device for emission reduction is proposed. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vehicle exhaust gas purification device that can solve the problems of existing vehicle exhaust gas treatment devices, most of which are traditional three-way catalytic converters, which have large differences in exhaust gas purification effect under different operating conditions. The purification efficiency is significantly reduced when starting at low temperatures and running under high load. Moreover, the device has limited capacity to treat some new pollutants, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and fine metal particles.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a motor vehicle exhaust gas purification treatment device, comprising an exhaust pipe, a purification pipe fixedly connected to the right side of the exhaust pipe, an exhaust pipe fixedly connected to the right side of the purification pipe, a multi-stage purification component being respectively arranged inside the purification pipe, and a cold start heat compensation component being arranged inside the multi-stage purification component.
[0007] The multi-stage purification assembly includes a primary purification chamber located on the left side inside the purification pipe. The left side of the primary purification chamber is connected to the exhaust gas pipe. The right side of the primary purification chamber is fixedly connected to a secondary purification chamber. The right side of the secondary purification chamber is fixedly connected to a tertiary purification chamber. The right side of the tertiary purification chamber is connected to the exhaust gas pipe.
[0008] Preferably, the cold start heat compensation component includes a temperature sensor, which is attached to the left side of the bottom of the primary purification chamber.
[0009] Preferably, a humidity sensor is attached to the bottom of the primary purification chamber on the side furthest from the temperature sensor.
[0010] Preferably, a plurality of heating rods are provided on the left side of the bottom of the secondary purification chamber, and a purification effect monitoring sensor is provided on the left side inside the air outlet pipe.
[0011] Preferably, an airflow dispersion plate is provided on the left side of the primary purification chamber, and several electrostatic adsorption dust collection plates are provided on the right side of the primary purification chamber.
[0012] Preferably, the interior of the secondary purification chamber is equipped with a three-way catalytic converter and a VOCs catalytic converter.
[0013] Preferably, a metal particle interception filter is provided on the left side of the three-stage purification chamber, and an activated carbon filter block is provided on the right side of the three-stage purification chamber.
[0014] Preferably, a mounting block is bolted to the front side of the purification pipe, and a controller and a protective cover are bolted to the front side of the mounting block, with the controller located inside the protective cover.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0016] 1. This application, by setting up multi-stage purification components and cooperating with the components installed inside them, can achieve synergistic treatment of multiple pollutants, comprehensively improve the purification capacity of the device, and effectively reduce the pollution of the atmospheric environment by motor vehicle exhaust.
[0017] 2. By setting up a cold start heat compensation component, this application can automatically adjust the temperature of the purification environment according to the actual working conditions of the exhaust gas, ensuring the catalytic activity of the three-way catalytic converter and the VOCs catalytic converter, ensuring purification efficiency and stability, and enhancing adaptability to different working conditions. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the motor vehicle emission reduction and exhaust gas purification treatment device of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the purification tube of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the multi-stage purification component and the purification pipe of this utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the cold start heat compensation component and the multi-stage purification component of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the purification tube and the controller of this utility model.
[0023] In the diagram, 1. Exhaust pipe; 2. Purification pipe; 3. Exhaust pipe; 4. Multi-stage purification assembly; 41. Primary purification chamber; 42. Secondary purification chamber; 43. Tertiary purification chamber; 5. Cold start heat compensation assembly; 51. Temperature sensor; 52. Humidity sensor; 53. Heating rod; 54. Purification effect monitoring sensor; 6. Airflow dispersion plate; 7. Electrostatic adsorption dust collection plate; 8. Three-way catalytic converter; 9. VOCs catalytic converter; 10. Metal particle interception filter; 11. Activated carbon filter block; 12. Mounting block; 13. Controller; 14. Protective cover. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0026] A motor vehicle exhaust gas purification treatment device includes an exhaust pipe 1, a purification pipe 2 fixedly connected to the right side of the exhaust pipe 1, an exhaust pipe 3 fixedly connected to the right side of the purification pipe 2, and a multi-stage purification component 4 respectively installed inside the purification pipe 2, and a cold start heat compensation component 5 installed inside the multi-stage purification component 4.
[0027] The multi-stage purification component 4 includes a primary purification chamber 41, which is located on the left side inside the purification pipe 2. The left side of the primary purification chamber 41 is connected to the exhaust pipe 1. The right side of the primary purification chamber 41 is fixedly connected to a secondary purification chamber 42. The right side of the secondary purification chamber 42 is fixedly connected to a tertiary purification chamber 43. The right side of the tertiary purification chamber 43 is connected to the exhaust pipe 3.
[0028] In this embodiment: When the vehicle is started, the exhaust gas generated by the engine enters the purification pipe 2 through the exhaust pipe 1. The exhaust gas first arrives at the primary purification chamber 41, which is located on the left side inside the purification pipe 2 and is connected to the exhaust pipe 1. Preliminary purification is carried out here. After the primary purification is completed, the exhaust gas flows into the secondary purification chamber 42, which is fixedly connected to it on the right side, for further purification. Then, the exhaust gas enters the tertiary purification chamber 43, which is connected to the right side of the secondary purification chamber 42, for more refined purification. After being purified layer by layer by the multi-stage purification components 4, the exhaust gas is finally discharged from the exhaust pipe 3, which is connected to the right side of the tertiary purification chamber 43. During the entire purification process, if it is in the cold start stage, the cold start heat compensation component 5 set inside the multi-stage purification components 4 will play a role to ensure the purification effect and efficiency.
[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cold start heat compensation component 5 includes a temperature sensor 51, which is attached to the left side of the bottom of the primary purification chamber 41.
[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, a humidity sensor 52 is attached to the bottom of the primary purification chamber 41 on the side away from the temperature sensor 51.
[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, several heating rods 53 are installed on the left side of the bottom of the secondary purification chamber 42, and a purification effect monitoring sensor 54 is installed on the left side inside the air outlet pipe 3.
[0032] In this embodiment: When the vehicle is cold-started, the temperature sensor 51, which is attached to the bottom left side of the primary purification chamber 41, starts to work and monitors the temperature inside the primary purification chamber 41 in real time. At the same time, the humidity sensor 52, located on the side of the bottom of the primary purification chamber 41 away from the temperature sensor 51, also operates synchronously to detect the humidity inside the chamber. The data from these two sensors can reflect the environmental state inside the primary purification chamber 41. If the temperature sensor 51 detects a low temperature, it indicates that the chamber is in a cold-start low-temperature state. Several heating rods 53 located on the bottom left side of the secondary purification chamber 42 will then be activated to heat the exhaust gas and provide suitable temperature conditions for the purification process, thereby improving the purification effect. After being processed by the primary purification chamber 41 and the secondary purification chamber 42, the exhaust gas flows to the exhaust pipe 3. The purification effect monitoring sensor 54 inside the exhaust pipe 3 on the left side will detect the purified exhaust gas and evaluate the purification effect of the entire exhaust gas purification treatment device. This allows for adjustment of the power of the heating rods 53 to enhance the purification efficiency in the secondary purification chamber 42 and ensure that the emitted exhaust gas meets relevant standards.
[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 3 , Figure 2 As shown, an airflow dispersion plate 6 is provided on the left side of the primary purification chamber 41, and several electrostatic adsorption dust collection plates 7 are provided on the right side of the primary purification chamber 41.
[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 3 , Figure 2 As shown, the interior of the secondary purification chamber 42 is equipped with a three-way catalytic converter 8 and a VOCs catalytic converter 9.
[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 3 , Figure 2 As shown, a metal particle interception filter 10 is installed on the left side of the three-stage purification chamber 43, and an activated carbon filter block 11 is installed on the right side of the three-stage purification chamber 43.
[0036] In this embodiment: After the exhaust gas enters the primary purification chamber 41, it first encounters the airflow dispersion plate 6 on the left side inside the primary purification chamber 41. The airflow dispersion plate 6 evenly disperses the exhaust gas, allowing it to pass more evenly through subsequent purification components. Next, the exhaust gas passes through several electrostatic adsorption dust collection plates 7 on the right side inside the primary purification chamber 41. The electrostatic adsorption dust collection plates 7 use the principle of electrostatic adsorption to adsorb larger particles in the exhaust gas onto the dust collection plates, completing the primary purification of the exhaust gas and initially reducing particulate pollutants in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas after primary purification enters the secondary purification chamber 42. The secondary purification chamber 42 is equipped with a three-way catalytic converter 8 and a VOCs catalyst 9. Under suitable temperature conditions (if the temperature is too low during cold start, the cold start heat compensation component 5 has already heated the exhaust gas), the three-way catalytic converter 8 removes carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the exhaust gas. x The catalytic conversion is carried out simultaneously. At the same time, the VOCs catalyst 9 catalytically decomposes the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the exhaust gas, converting them into harmless substances, further reducing harmful pollutants in the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas from the secondary purification chamber 42 enters the tertiary purification chamber 43. The metal particle interception filter 10 on the left side of the tertiary purification chamber 43 first intercepts the exhaust gas, intercepting any metal particles that may remain in the exhaust gas, preventing the metal particles from damaging subsequent components or affecting the purification effect. Then, the exhaust gas passes through the activated carbon filter block 11 on the right side of the tertiary purification chamber 43. The activated carbon filter block 11 has a rich pore structure and strong adsorption capacity, which can adsorb the remaining small particles, odors, and some pollutants that have not been completely purified in the exhaust gas, completing the three-stage purification of the exhaust gas.
[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, a mounting block 12 is bolted to the front of the purification pipe 2, and a controller 13 and a protective cover 14 are bolted to the front of the mounting block 12. The controller 13 is located inside the protective cover 14.
[0038] In this embodiment: throughout the purification process, the controller 13, installed on the mounting block 12 on the front side of the purification pipe 2 and located inside the protective cover 14, plays a core control role. It receives data from the temperature sensor 51, humidity sensor 52, and purification effect monitoring sensor 54, and automatically adjusts the working state of the heating rod 53 based on this data to ensure the catalytic activity of the three-way catalytic converter 8 and the VOCs catalytic converter 9, thereby ensuring purification efficiency and stability. At the same time, the controller 13 can also intelligently regulate the entire purification treatment device according to the actual working conditions of the exhaust gas, such as temperature, humidity, and purification effect, to enhance the adaptability of the device to different working conditions. The protective cover 14 provides protection for the controller 13 to prevent it from being damaged by external factors, ensuring that the controller 13 can work stably and reliably.
[0039] Working principle: When the vehicle starts, the exhaust gas generated by the engine enters the primary purification chamber 41 of the purification pipe 2 through the exhaust pipe 1. This chamber is located on the left side inside the purification pipe 2 and is connected to the exhaust pipe 1. The exhaust gas is first evenly dispersed by the airflow dispersion plate 6 on the left side of the primary purification chamber 41, and then passes through several electrostatic adsorption dust collection plates 7 on the right side. Larger particles are adsorbed using the principle of electrostatic adsorption, completing the primary purification and initially reducing particulate pollutants. After primary purification, the exhaust gas flows into the secondary purification chamber 42 connected on the right side. If the vehicle is cold-started, the temperature sensor 51 on the bottom left side of the primary purification chamber 41 and the humidity sensor 52 on the other side work synchronously. If the temperature sensor 51 detects a low temperature, the heating rod 53 on the bottom left side of the secondary purification chamber 42 is activated to provide a suitable temperature for heating the exhaust gas. At the suitable temperature, the three-way catalytic converter 8 in the secondary purification chamber 42 catalyzes the conversion of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides. The VOCs catalyst 9 catalyzes the decomposition of volatile organic compounds. Then, the exhaust gas enters the three-stage purification chamber 43. Inside, the metal particle interception filter 10 on the left intercepts residual metal particles, and the activated carbon filter block 11 on the right adsorbs fine particulate matter, odors, and some incompletely purified pollutants, completing the three-stage purification. Finally, the purified exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 3 connected to the right side of the three-stage purification chamber 43. The purification effect monitoring sensor 54 on the left side of the exhaust pipe 3 detects the purification effect. Throughout the process, the controller 13, installed on the mounting block 12 on the front side of the purification pipe 2 and located inside the protective cover 14, receives data from the temperature, humidity, and purification effect monitoring sensor 54, automatically adjusts the working state of the heating rod 53 to ensure the catalytic activity of the catalyst, and can also intelligently control the purification device according to the actual working conditions of the exhaust gas, enhancing its adaptability to different working conditions. The protective cover 14 protects the controller 13 to ensure stable and reliable operation.
[0040] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A motor vehicle exhaust gas purification and treatment device, comprising an exhaust pipe (1), characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (1) is fixedly connected to the purification pipe (2) on the right side, and the purification pipe (2) is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe (3) on the right side. The purification pipe (2) is equipped with a multi-stage purification component (4) and a cold start heat compensation component (5) is installed inside the multi-stage purification component (4). The multi-stage purification component (4) includes a primary purification chamber (41), which is located on the left side inside the purification pipe (2). The left side of the primary purification chamber (41) is connected to the exhaust pipe (1). The right side of the primary purification chamber (41) is fixedly connected to a secondary purification chamber (42). The right side of the secondary purification chamber (42) is fixedly connected to a tertiary purification chamber (43). The right side of the tertiary purification chamber (43) is connected to the exhaust pipe (3).
2. The motor vehicle exhaust gas purification and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold start heat compensation component (5) includes a temperature sensor (51), which is attached to the left side of the bottom of the primary purification chamber (41).
3. The motor vehicle exhaust gas purification and treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A humidity sensor (52) is attached to the bottom of the primary purification chamber (41) on the side away from the temperature sensor (51).
4. The motor vehicle exhaust gas purification and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several heating rods (53) are provided on the left side of the bottom of the secondary purification chamber (42), and a purification effect monitoring sensor (54) is provided on the left side inside the air outlet pipe (3).
5. The motor vehicle exhaust gas purification and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An airflow dispersion plate (6) is provided on the left side inside the primary purification chamber (41), and several electrostatic adsorption dust collection plates (7) are provided on the right side inside the primary purification chamber (41).
6. The motor vehicle exhaust gas purification and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary purification chamber (42) is equipped with a three-way catalytic converter (8) and a VOCs catalytic converter (9).
7. The motor vehicle exhaust gas purification and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal particle interception filter (10) is provided on the left side of the three-stage purification chamber (43), and an activated carbon filter block (11) is provided on the right side of the three-stage purification chamber (43).
8. The motor vehicle exhaust gas purification and treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting block (12) is bolted to the front side of the purification pipe (2), and a controller (13) and a protective cover (14) are bolted to the front side of the mounting block (12). The controller (13) is located inside the protective cover (14).