A lithium ion battery box external composite fire detection device

Abstract

The application discloses a lithium ion battery box external composite fire detection device, relates to the field of energy storage fire safety, and is installed at any position on a battery pack panel.The device comprises a composite detection module, a main control module and a communication module.The composite detection module is used for detecting smoke concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, hydrogen concentration and temperature, and sending detection results to the main control module.The main control module stores an address identification code of the lithium ion battery box external composite fire detection device, is used for judging whether a fire will occur according to the detection results, and is further used for sending the address identification code, original data collected by the composite detection module and fire warning results to external equipment through the communication module when it is judged that a fire will occur.The device increases fire judgment accuracy and fire positioning accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage fire safety, specifically to an external composite fire detection device for lithium-ion battery boxes. Background Technology

[0002] With systematic planning in the energy storage industry and the entry of leading energy companies into the sector, countless energy storage systems are now operational in my country. Among these, energy storage power stations, as a crucial component of the new energy system, are directly related to grid stability and personnel safety. During charging and discharging, energy storage devices may ignite due to thermal runaway, short circuits, or other issues. These fires are characterized by rapid combustion and are difficult to extinguish, making traditional single-detection methods insufficient to meet safety requirements.

[0003] Thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries is a major source of fire in energy storage power stations, and its development process typically exhibits three stages: initially, gases such as CO are generated inside the battery pack; in the smoldering stage, the amount of smoke is small but the CO concentration rises sharply; and in the open flame stage, the temperature rises rapidly. Currently, there is no unified technical standard for lithium-ion battery fire detection in China, and fire detection solutions for energy storage power stations on the market mainly rely on the traditional combination of smoke detectors, heat detectors, and combustible gas detectors.

[0004] First, traditional smoke detectors, heat detectors, and combustible gas detectors are all installed on top of the energy storage power station's cabin structure, far from the battery pack below, resulting in low detection sensitivity, slow response, and delayed alarm output. Second, because these are all independent devices, each with only a single data acquisition and detection function, the false alarm rate is high and there are many problems. Furthermore, these devices are large, heavy, difficult to install, and difficult to replace. Finally, these devices only support data acquisition and transmission functions and do not support outputting active signals to activate electrically controlled valves for fire extinguishing. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a lithium-ion battery-box-mounted composite fire detection device that can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an external composite fire detection device for lithium-ion battery packs. The device is directly installed on the battery pack panel. If the battery pack catches fire, it can detect changes in smoke concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, hydrogen concentration, and temperature immediately. Since the composite detector can detect multiple data, it achieves device integration and reduces space occupation. In addition, since the main control module stores an address identification code, it can determine the location of the fire immediately when a fire occurs, increasing the accuracy of fire location.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an externally mounted composite fire detection device for lithium-ion battery packs. The externally mounted composite fire detection device for lithium-ion battery packs is installed at any position on the battery pack panel. The device includes: a composite detection module, a main control module, and a communication module.

[0007] The composite detection module is used to detect smoke concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, hydrogen concentration and temperature, and sends the detection results to the main control module;

[0008] The main control module stores the address identification code of the external composite fire detection device for the lithium-ion battery box. The main control module is used to determine whether a fire will occur based on the detection results. When it is determined that a fire will occur, the main control module is also used to send the address identification code, the raw data collected by the composite detection module, and the fire warning result to an external device through the communication module.

[0009] In another embodiment, the device further includes an active output module;

[0010] The active output module is used to output power when a fire is detected, and to control the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire.

[0011] In another embodiment, the composite detection module includes a carbon monoxide sensor;

[0012] The carbon monoxide sensor is used to detect carbon monoxide concentration.

[0013] In another embodiment, the composite detection module includes a hydrogen sensor;

[0014] The hydrogen sensor is used to detect hydrogen concentration.

[0015] In another embodiment, the composite detection module includes a smoke sensor;

[0016] The smoke sensor is used to detect smoke concentration.

[0017] In another embodiment, the composite detection module includes a temperature sensor;

[0018] The temperature sensor is used to detect temperature.

[0019] In another embodiment, the device further includes a power module;

[0020] The power module is used to supply power to the circuit modules within the external lithium-ion battery box composite fire detection device.

[0021] In another embodiment, the power module includes a first buck unit, a second buck unit, and a third buck unit;

[0022] The first step-down unit is used to convert 24V voltage to 5V voltage and output 5V voltage;

[0023] The second step-down unit is used to convert 5V voltage to 3.3V voltage and output 3.3V voltage;

[0024] The third step-down unit is used to convert the 3.3V voltage to 1.8V voltage and output the 1.8V voltage.

[0025] In another embodiment, the power module further includes a filtering unit;

[0026] The filtering unit is used to filter out common-mode interference in the input voltage.

[0027] In another embodiment, the power module further includes a protection unit;

[0028] The protection unit consists of a Schottky diode, a fuse, a varistor, and a transient suppression diode, and is used to protect the power module.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The external composite fire detection device for lithium-ion battery packs is installed at any position on the battery pack panel. The device includes a composite detection module, a main control module, and a communication module. The composite detection module detects smoke concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, hydrogen concentration, and temperature, and sends the detection results to the main control module. The main control module stores the address identification code of the external composite fire detection device for lithium-ion battery packs. The main control module determines whether a fire will occur based on the detection results. When a fire is detected, the main control module also sends the address identification code, the raw data collected by the composite detection module, and the fire warning result to an external device via the communication module. By directly installing the device on the battery pack panel, changes in smoke concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, hydrogen concentration, and temperature can be detected immediately if the battery pack catches fire. Furthermore, because the composite detector can detect multiple data types, the device is integrated, reducing space occupation. Additionally, since the main control module stores the address identification code, the location of the fire can be determined immediately upon occurrence, increasing the accuracy of fire location.

[0030] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an externally mounted composite fire detection device for lithium-ion batteries, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a main control module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of a communication module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a carbon monoxide sensor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a hydrogen sensor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of a smoke sensor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of a temperature sensor according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of an active output module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a circuit diagram of a first step-down unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a circuit diagram of a second step-down unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of a third step-down unit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a circuit diagram of an LED module according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0044] It should be noted that references to "an embodiment," "embodiment," "example embodiment," etc., in this specification refer to the described embodiment including specific features, structures, or characteristics; however, not every embodiment must include these specific features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, such expressions do not refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when describing specific features, structures, or characteristics in conjunction with embodiments, whether or not explicitly described, it is indicated that incorporating such features, structures, or characteristics into other embodiments is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0045] Furthermore, certain terms are used in the specification and subsequent claims to refer to specific components or parts. Those skilled in the art will understand that manufacturers may use different names or terms to refer to the same component or part. This specification and subsequent claims do not distinguish components or parts by differences in name, but rather by differences in function. The terms "comprising" and "including" used throughout the specification and subsequent claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "including but not limited to." Additionally, the term "connection" here includes any direct and indirect electrical connection means. Indirect electrical connection means include connections made through other means.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an externally mounted composite fire detection device for lithium-ion battery packs. The device is installed at any position on the battery pack panel. The device includes a composite detection module, a main control module, and a communication module. The composite detection module detects smoke concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, hydrogen concentration, and temperature, and sends the detection results to the main control module. The main control module stores the address identification code of the externally mounted composite fire detection device. The main control module determines whether a fire will occur based on the detection results. When a fire is detected, the main control module also sends the address identification code, the raw data collected by the composite detection module, and the fire warning result to an external device via the communication module.

[0047] For the specific circuit diagram of the main control module, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 This circuit section mainly consists of the main control module and its minimum system, including: multiple filter capacitors, RC power-on reset, SWD program burning, debugging serial port, etc. The main control module mainly uses different ADC ports to collect analog voltage values ​​of temperature, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sensors, uses the IIC interface to collect smoke sensor data, uses the CAN port to transmit data with external devices, and uses some general-purpose I / O ports to implement functions such as lighting and switching MOS.

[0048] For the specific circuit diagram of the communication module, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 U3 is a CAN transceiver chip, powered by 5V. Pins 1 and 4 are connected to the CAN function port of the main control module, and pins 6 and 7 are differential level ports. After being filtered and protected by common mode inductor L301, ESD diode D301, fuses F301 and F302, it is connected to the external CAN bus.

[0049] Optionally, the composite detection module includes a carbon monoxide sensor; the carbon monoxide sensor is used to detect carbon monoxide concentration, and its circuit diagram can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 An electrochemical carbon monoxide sensor S3 is used. In static state, the two electrodes of the sensor are balanced by a JFET element Q31. During operation, the JFET is disconnected by the bias voltage of the operational amplifier (OP1.1, OP1.2), and the sensor output signal enters the operational amplifier circuit. Pin 8 is the positive terminal of the operational amplifier power supply, which is filtered by a ferrite bead and a capacitor. Pin 4 is the negative terminal of the operational amplifier. Pins 5-7 realize DC bias and are input to pin 3. Pin 2 is connected to the sensor current pin, which is amplified into voltage through a resistor R36. Pin 1 is the signal output terminal, which is filtered by a resistor and a capacitor to output an analog voltage for acquisition by the ADC port of the main control module.

[0050] Optionally, the composite detection module includes a hydrogen sensor; the hydrogen sensor is used to detect hydrogen concentration, and its circuit diagram can be found here. Figure 5 In this application, a semiconductor hydrogen sensor S4 is used. It is a single-channel sensor. Pins 1 and 7 are the two ends of the heating material resistor, which are connected to 1.8V and GND respectively. Pins 2 and 8 are the two ends of the gas response material resistor, with one end connected to 3.3V and the other end connected to the voltage divider resistor R21 and the filter capacitor C13, so that a voltage divider signal is input to the ADC port of the main control module.

[0051] Optionally, the composite detection module includes a smoke sensor; the smoke sensor is used to detect smoke concentration, and its circuit diagram can be found here. Figure 6 The smoke detection circuit uses a processing chip S1, which supports dual-path (2-channel) acquisition. The chip is supplied with three voltages: 5V, 3.3V, and 1.8V. It is connected to the main control module through an IIC interface. The main control module performs parameter configuration, calibration, and data communication functions on the chip S1. The IIC signal output of the chip S1 is 1.8V, which is converted to 3.3V by the level conversion chip A1 circuit before it can establish correct communication with the main control module.

[0052] Optionally, the composite detection module includes a temperature sensor; the temperature sensor is used to detect temperature, and its circuit diagram can be found here. Figure 7The temperature is measured using an NTC component S2, powered by 3.3V. A voltage divider signal is formed by a 100K voltage divider resistor and the NTC component, filtered by capacitor C21, and the output analog voltage signal is sent to the MCU ADC port for acquisition.

[0053] Optionally, the device further includes an active output module; the active output module is used to provide active output when a fire is detected, controlling the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire. See the circuit diagram of the active output module. Figure 8 R11, R12, and Q1 form an N-MOS circuit, while R13, R14, and Q2 form a P-MOS circuit. D11 is used as a freewheeling diode. VO_CNTL is connected to the MCU IO port. When this port is set high, the V_FIRE voltage is transferred to VO+. When this port is set low or floating, there is no voltage on VO+.

[0054] Optionally, the device further includes a power supply module; the power supply module is used to supply power to the external composite fire detection device with lithium-ion battery box, and the power supply module includes a first step-down unit, a second step-down unit, and a third step-down unit; the first step-down unit is used to convert 24V voltage to 5V voltage and output 5V voltage; the second step-down unit is used to convert 5V voltage to 3.3V voltage and output 3.3V voltage; the third step-down unit is used to convert 3.3V voltage to 1.8V voltage and output 1.8V voltage; the power supply module further includes a filtering unit; the filtering unit is used to filter out common-mode interference in the input voltage; the power supply module further includes a protection unit; the protection unit consists of a Schottky diode, a fuse, a varistor, and a transient suppression diode, and the protection unit is used to protect the power supply module.

[0055] For the specific circuit diagram of the first step-down unit, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 9 The external input power supply VIN is filtered for common-mode interference by common-mode inductor L1, Schottky diode D1 provides reverse connection protection, fuse F1 provides current limiting protection, and TVS diode D2 and varistor R1 provide surge protection. After filtering by multiple capacitors, a high-quality 24V power signal is obtained. The filtered 24V power signal is converted to DC 5V by DC-DC chip U1. The 5V output includes multiple filter capacitors, ESD diode D102, Zener diode D103, and ferrite bead L102, providing both filtering and safety protection. The circuit diagram of the second step-down unit is shown below. Figure 10 The DC 5V output is converted to 3.3V via fuse F201, TVS diode D201, filter capacitor, and LDO component U2. The output terminal includes multiple filter capacitors, a ferrite bead L201, and an ESD diode D202 to obtain a high-quality 3.3V power signal. The circuit diagram for the third step-down unit is shown below. Figure 11The DC 3.3V output is converted to 1.8V through TVS diode D41, filter capacitor C41, and LDO component P1. The output terminal contains multiple filter capacitors and ESD diode D42 to obtain a high-quality 1.8V power signal.

[0056] In another embodiment, the lithium-ion battery box external composite fire detection device further includes an LED module, which is connected to the main control module. The circuit diagram of the LED module is shown below. Figure 12 The power indicator is green and stays on continuously when 3.3V is applied. The fault indicator is yellow, controlled by the main control module's I / O port: LED_Y. The alarm indicator is red, controlled by the main control module's I / O port: LED_R.

[0057] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0058] The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A composite fire detection device with an external lithium-ion battery box, characterized in that, The external composite fire detection device for lithium-ion batteries is installed at any position on the battery pack panel. The device includes: a composite detection module, a main control module, and a communication module. The composite detection module is used to detect smoke concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, hydrogen concentration and temperature, and sends the detection results to the main control module; The main control module stores the address identification code of the external composite fire detection device for the lithium-ion battery box. The main control module is used to determine whether a fire will occur based on the detection results. When it is determined that a fire will occur, the main control module is also used to send the address identification code, the raw data collected by the composite detection module, and the fire warning result to an external device through the communication module.

2. The lithium-ion battery box external composite fire detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes an active output module; The active output module is used to output power when a fire is detected, and to control the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire.

3. The lithium-ion battery box external composite fire detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The composite detection module includes a carbon monoxide sensor; The carbon monoxide sensor is used to detect carbon monoxide concentration.

4. The lithium-ion battery box external composite fire detection device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The composite detection module includes a hydrogen sensor; The hydrogen sensor is used to detect hydrogen concentration.

5. The lithium-ion battery box external composite fire detection device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The composite detection module includes a smoke sensor; The smoke sensor is used to detect smoke concentration.

6. The lithium-ion battery box external composite fire detection device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The composite detection module includes a temperature sensor; The temperature sensor is used to detect temperature.

7. The lithium-ion battery box external composite fire detection device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a power module; The power module is used to supply power to the circuit modules within the external lithium-ion battery box composite fire detection device.

8. The lithium-ion battery box external composite fire detection device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The power module includes a first step-down unit, a second step-down unit, and a third step-down unit; The first step-down unit is used to convert 24V voltage to 5V voltage and output 5V voltage; The second step-down unit is used to convert 5V voltage to 3.3V voltage and output 3.3V voltage; The third step-down unit is used to convert the 3.3V voltage to 1.8V voltage and output the 1.8V voltage.

9. The lithium-ion battery box external composite fire detection device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The power module also includes a filtering unit; The filtering unit is used to filter out common-mode interference in the input voltage.

10. The lithium-ion battery box external composite fire detection device as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The power module also includes a protection unit; The protection unit consists of a Schottky diode, a fuse, a varistor, and a transient suppression diode, and is used to protect the power module.

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