Tab structure and battery

Abstract

The utility model belongs to battery technical field discloses a kind of tab structure and battery, tab structure includes conducting layer and filling layer, conducting layer includes oppositely arranged first connecting part and second connecting part, first connecting part is configured to be located outside battery shell, second connecting part is configured to be located inside battery shell, conducting layer is equipped with exhaust passage, exhaust passage extends from first connecting part to second connecting part, exhaust passage penetrates at least one side wall of first connecting part and at least one side wall of second connecting part, filling layer is filled in exhaust passage, melting point of filling layer is lower than 200 DEG C, when the temperature in battery shell rises to the melting point of filling layer, filling layer melts and is extruded to outside battery shell by high-pressure gas in battery shell to form filling liquid, whereby high-temperature high-pressure gas in battery shell can be discharged to outside battery shell by exhaust passage, so that battery is rapidly cooled and depressurized, and further thermal runaway of battery is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a tab structure and a battery. Background Technology

[0002] Pouch batteries are widely used in everyday electronic products, and their safety has become a major concern.

[0003] When a pouch battery malfunctions, the internal pressure and temperature of its casing rise sharply. If the internal pressure is not reduced and the heat is not dissipated in time, it can easily lead to thermal runaway, fire, or even explosion.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a tab structure and battery to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a tab structure that can prevent further thermal runaway of the battery when an abnormality occurs, thereby improving the safety of battery use.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The electrode structure includes:

[0008] The conductive layer includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion disposed opposite to each other, the first connecting portion being configured to be located outside the battery case and the second connecting portion being configured to be located inside the battery case;

[0009] The conductive layer is provided with an exhaust channel, which extends from the first connecting portion to the second connecting portion and penetrates at least one side wall of the first connecting portion and at least one side wall of the second connecting portion.

[0010] A filler layer is placed inside the exhaust channel, and the melting point of the filler layer is below 200°C.

[0011] Optionally, the conductive layer further includes an encapsulation portion, the first connection portion being connected to the second connection portion through the encapsulation portion, the encapsulation portion being configured to be sealed between the two sealing edges of the battery case, and the venting channel extending from the first connection portion through the encapsulation portion to the second connection portion.

[0012] Optionally, in the width direction of the conductive layer, the exhaust channel extends through the two opposite sidewalls of the package.

[0013] Optionally, an adhesive layer is provided on both outer walls of the encapsulation portion in the thickness direction of the conductive layer.

[0014] Optionally, the exhaust passage extends through both side walls of the first connecting part and the exhaust passage extends through both side walls of the second connecting part.

[0015] Optionally, in the width direction of the conductive layer, the exhaust channel passes through the two opposite sidewalls of the first connecting portion, and the exhaust channel also passes through the two opposite sidewalls of the second connecting portion.

[0016] Optionally, in the length direction of the conductive layer, the exhaust channel is spaced apart from the sidewall of the first connection portion, and the exhaust channel is also spaced apart from the sidewall of the second connection portion.

[0017] Optionally, the filler layer is a PP layer.

[0018] Optionally, a conductive sealing layer is provided on the outer wall of the conductive layer, and the conductive sealing layer covers at least the joint between the filling layer and the edge of the exhaust channel.

[0019] The second objective of this invention is to provide a battery with high safety.

[0020] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0021] The battery includes a cell, a battery casing, and the aforementioned tab structure. The cell is disposed inside the battery casing, a conductive layer penetrates the battery casing, a first connection portion is located outside the battery casing, and a second connection portion is located inside the battery casing and connected to the cell.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] The conductive layer is provided with an exhaust channel extending from the first connection portion to the second connection portion. The exhaust channel penetrates at least one sidewall of the first connection portion and at least one sidewall of the second connection portion. The exhaust channel is filled with a filling layer with a melting point below 200°C. When the battery malfunctions, the pressure and temperature inside the battery casing rise sharply. When the temperature inside the battery casing reaches the melting point of the filling layer, the filling layer melts to form a filling liquid. The high-pressure gas inside the battery casing enters the exhaust channel and forces the filling liquid in the exhaust channel out of the battery casing. Thus, the internal environment of the battery casing is connected to the external environment of the battery casing through the exhaust channel. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the battery casing can be discharged to the outside of the battery casing through the exhaust channel, which allows the battery to cool down and depressurize rapidly, preventing further thermal runaway and improving the safety of battery use. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode structure provided in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along the AA direction;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view along the BB direction;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first assembly structure of the battery casing edge sealing and tab structure (when the filling layer is not melted) provided by this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second assembly structure of the battery casing sealing edge and electrode tab structure (after the filling liquid is squeezed out of the exhaust channel) provided by this utility model.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the third assembly structure of the battery casing sealing edge and electrode tab structure (after the filling liquid is squeezed out of the exhaust channel) provided by this utility model.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Conductive layer; 11. First connecting part; 12. Second connecting part; 13. Exhaust channel; 14. Encapsulation part; 2. Filling layer; 3. Adhesive layer; 4. Conductive sealing layer; 5. Sealing edge; 61. Battery casing exterior; 62. Battery casing interior. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0036] This embodiment provides a tab structure suitable for pouch batteries. This tab structure can prevent further thermal runaway of the battery when an abnormality occurs, thereby improving the safety of battery use.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the tab structure includes a conductive layer 1 and a filling layer 2. The conductive layer 1 includes a first connecting portion 11 and a second connecting portion 12 disposed opposite to each other. The first connecting portion 11 is configured to be located outside the battery casing 61 and is used to connect with the solder pads (not shown) of the protection board. The second connecting portion 12 is configured to be located inside the battery casing 62 and is used to connect with the battery cell (not shown). The conductive layer 1 has an exhaust channel 13 that extends from the first connecting portion 11 to the second connecting portion 12 and penetrates at least one sidewall of the first connecting portion 11 and at least one sidewall of the second connecting portion 12. The filling layer 2 is filled in the exhaust channel 13. The melting point of the filling layer 2 is below 200°C. For example, the melting point of the filling layer 2 can be 200°C, 150°C, or 100°C, etc.

[0038] Based on the above design, when the battery malfunctions, the pressure and temperature inside the battery casing 62 rise sharply. When the temperature inside the battery casing 62 reaches the melting point of the filling layer 2, the filling layer 2 melts to form a filling liquid. The high-pressure gas inside the battery casing 62 enters the exhaust channel 13 and forces the filling liquid in the exhaust channel 13 to the outside of the battery casing 61. Thus, the internal environment of the battery casing is connected to the external environment of the battery casing through the exhaust channel 13, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the battery casing 62 can be discharged to the outside of the battery casing 61 through the exhaust channel 13. Figure 6 The direction indicated by the bold arrow is the flow direction of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas from inside the battery casing 62 to outside the battery casing 61, which allows the battery to cool down and depressurize rapidly, preventing further thermal runaway and improving the safety of battery use.

[0039] Furthermore, the filler layer 2 is a PP (polypropylene) layer. PP material has a melting point of approximately 100℃-150℃. Using a PP layer as the filler layer 2 allows it to melt and form a filling liquid when the battery is about to experience thermal runaway. This enables the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside the battery casing 62 to be discharged to the outside of the battery casing 61 as early as possible through the exhaust channel 13, ensuring battery safety. Secondly, when the temperature inside the battery casing 62 does not reach 100℃, the filler layer 2 will not melt, avoiding the problem of the filler layer 2 melting during normal charging and discharging, thus ensuring normal battery use. Thirdly, PP material has a low density; using a PP layer as the filler layer 2 can reduce the weight of the tab structure, thereby reducing the battery weight and improving the battery's energy density. Of course, in other embodiments, the filler layer 2 can also be a polyethylene layer, a polyvinyl chloride layer, or a polystyrene layer, etc.

[0040] In this embodiment, conductive layer 1 is a nickel layer. Of course, in other embodiments, conductive layer 1 can also be an aluminum layer or a copper layer, etc.

[0041] Optionally, the conductive layer 1 further includes an encapsulation portion 14, the first connection portion 11 is connected to the second connection portion 12 through the encapsulation portion 14, the encapsulation portion 14 is configured to be sealed between the two sealing edges 5 of the battery case, and the exhaust channel 13 extends from the first connection portion 11 through the encapsulation portion 14 to the second connection portion 12.

[0042] Furthermore, in the thickness direction of the conductive layer 1 (i.e., the x direction in the figure), an adhesive layer 3 is provided on both outer walls of the encapsulation part 14 so that the encapsulation part 14 is sealed and bonded to the two sealing edges 5 of the battery case through the adhesive layer 3.

[0043] Optionally, in the width direction of the conductive layer 1 (i.e., the y direction in the figure), the exhaust channel 13 penetrates the two opposite sidewalls of the encapsulation portion 14 to expand the flow space of high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the exhaust channel 13, thereby improving the exhaust efficiency.

[0044] Optionally, the exhaust channel 13 penetrates both side walls of the first connecting portion 11, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside the exhaust channel 13 to be discharged from both positions of the first connecting portion 11. The exhaust channel 13 also penetrates both side walls of the second connecting portion 12, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas inside the battery casing 62 to enter the exhaust channel 13 from both positions of the second connecting portion 12. This structure increases the exhaust volume and improves exhaust efficiency. Furthermore, this structure ensures that both the first connecting portion 11 and the second connecting portion 12 have sufficient structural strength, thus guaranteeing the stability of the connection between the first connecting portion 11 and the solder pad, and the stability of the connection between the second connecting portion 12 and the battery cell.

[0045] Furthermore, in the width direction of the conductive layer 1 (i.e., the y-direction in the figure), the exhaust channel 13 penetrates the two opposite sidewalls of the first connecting portion 11 to form two exhaust zones on opposite sides of the first connecting portion 11, so that the two exhaust zones do not interfere with each other and are conducive to rapid exhaust. In the width direction of the conductive layer 1 (i.e., the y-direction in the figure), the exhaust channel 13 penetrates the two opposite sidewalls of the second connecting portion 12 to form two air intake zones on opposite sides of the second connecting portion 12, so that the two air intake zones do not interfere with each other and are conducive to rapid air intake.

[0046] Furthermore, along the length direction of the conductive layer 1 (i.e., the z-direction in the figure), the exhaust channel 13 and the sidewall of the first connecting portion 11 are spaced apart to ensure that the areas of the first connecting portion 11 on both sides of the exhaust channel 13 are electrically connected. Along the length direction of the conductive layer 1 (i.e., the z-direction in the figure), the exhaust channel 13 and the sidewall of the second connecting portion 12 are spaced apart to ensure that the areas of the second connecting portion 12 on both sides of the exhaust channel 13 are electrically connected.

[0047] Optionally, a conductive sealing layer 4 is provided on the outer wall of the conductive layer 1. The conductive sealing layer 4 covers at least the seam between the filling layer 2 and the edge of the exhaust channel 13 to prevent the electrolyte inside the battery case 62 from seeping out of the battery case 61 through the gap between the filling layer 2 and the conductive layer 1.

[0048] Furthermore, except for the area where the second connection part 12 is connected to the battery cell, the outer wall of the remaining area of ​​the conductive layer 1 is provided with a conductive sealing layer 4 to further improve the conductivity of the tab structure and ensure the reliability of the connection between the second connection part 12 and the battery cell.

[0049] Furthermore, the conductive sealing layer 4 is a copper-plated layer, and its thickness is 0.04 to 1 times the thickness of the filler layer 2. Consequently, the conductive sealing layer 4 has relatively low structural strength and can be broken under high pressure. That is, when the filler layer 2 in the exhaust channel 13 melts to form a filling liquid, it expands and breaks through the conductive sealing layer 4, allowing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the battery casing 62 to enter the exhaust channel 13 and be discharged from the exhaust channel 13 to the outside of the battery casing 61. In addition, copper material has good conductivity, and using a copper-plated layer on the outer wall of the conductive layer 1 is beneficial to improving the conductivity of the tab structure. In this embodiment, the thickness of the filler layer 2 is 10μm-50μm, and the thickness of the conductive sealing layer 4 is 2μm-10μm. In practical applications, the thickness can be determined according to the usage requirements.

[0050] When preparing the tab structure provided in this embodiment, two nickel metal layers with a thickness of 30μm-120μm can be used, and a PP layer with a thickness of 10μm-50μm can be laminated between the two nickel metal layers. The PP layer is the filler layer 2, and the two nickel metal layers laminated together form the conductive layer 1. The above-mentioned lamination method can be electroplating or pressure-sensitive bonding. Then, a copper layer is plated on the outer wall of the conductive layer 1, and finally, an adhesive layer 3 is provided on the outer wall of the encapsulation part 14. In this embodiment, in the width direction of the conductive layer 1, the first connecting part 11, the second connecting part 12, the encapsulation part 14, and the two sidewalls of the filler layer 2 are flush. In the length direction of the conductive layer 1, the side of the first connecting part 11 facing away from the second connecting part 12 is spaced apart from the filler layer 2, and the side of the second connecting part 12 facing away from the first connecting part 11 is also spaced apart from the filler layer 2. In the width direction of the conductive layer 1, the distance between the side of the filling layer 2 facing the first connection portion 11 and the encapsulation portion 14 is about 0-10 mm, and the distance between the side of the filling layer 2 facing the second connection portion 12 and the encapsulation portion 14 is about 0-10 mm, so as to ensure that the exhaust channel 13 can connect the inside and outside of the battery case 62 after the filling layer 2 melts.

[0051] This embodiment also provides a battery, which includes a battery cell, a battery casing, and the aforementioned tab structure. The battery cell is disposed inside the battery casing 62, and the conductive layer 1 penetrates the battery casing. The first connecting part 11 is located outside the battery casing 61, and the second connecting part 12 is located inside the battery casing 62 and connected to the battery cell. The battery adopts the aforementioned tab structure. When the battery malfunctions and the temperature inside the battery casing 62 reaches the melting point of the filling layer 2, the filling layer 2 melts to form a filling liquid. The filling liquid expands and breaks through the conductive sealing layer 4. The high-pressure gas inside the battery casing 62 enters the exhaust channel 13 and squeezes the filling liquid in the exhaust channel 13 to the outside of the battery casing 61. Thus, the internal environment of the battery casing is connected to the external environment of the battery casing through the exhaust channel 13. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the battery casing 62 is discharged to the outside of the battery casing 61 through the exhaust channel 13, which allows the battery to cool down and depressurize rapidly, preventing further thermal runaway of the battery and improving the safety of battery use.

[0052] The battery provided in this embodiment is a soft-pack battery, wherein the battery casing includes two aluminum-plastic panels, which are arranged opposite to each other, and the edges of the two aluminum-plastic panels are sealed together to form a sealing edge 5, and the encapsulation part 14 is sealed and clamped inside the sealing edge 5.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A tab structure, characterized in that, include: The conductive layer (1) includes a first connecting portion (11) and a second connecting portion (12) disposed opposite to each other. The first connecting portion (11) is configured to be located outside the battery case (61), and the second connecting portion (12) is configured to be located inside the battery case (62). The conductive layer (1) is provided with an exhaust channel (13), which extends from the first connecting portion (11) to the second connecting portion (12), and the exhaust channel (13) penetrates at least one side wall of the first connecting portion (11) and the exhaust channel (13) penetrates at least one side wall of the second connecting portion (12). A filling layer (2) is filled in the exhaust channel (13), and the melting point of the filling layer (2) is below 200°C.

2. The electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive layer (1) further includes an encapsulation portion (14), the first connection portion (11) is connected to the second connection portion (12) through the encapsulation portion (14), the encapsulation portion (14) is configured to be sealed between the two sealing edges (5) of the battery case, and the exhaust channel (13) extends from the first connection portion (11) through the encapsulation portion (14) to the second connection portion (12).

3. The electrode structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the width direction of the conductive layer (1), the exhaust channel (13) penetrates the two opposite sidewalls of the encapsulation part (14).

4. The electrode structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the thickness direction of the conductive layer (1), an adhesive layer (3) is provided on both outer walls of the encapsulation part (14).

5. The electrode structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The exhaust passage (13) penetrates the two side walls of the first connecting part (11), and the exhaust passage (13) penetrates the two side walls of the second connecting part (12).

6. The electrode structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the width direction of the conductive layer (1), the exhaust channel (13) penetrates the two opposite sidewalls of the first connecting part (11), and the exhaust channel (13) penetrates the two opposite sidewalls of the second connecting part (12).

7. The electrode structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, Along the length of the conductive layer (1), the exhaust channel (13) is spaced apart from the sidewall of the first connecting portion (11), and the exhaust channel (13) is spaced apart from the sidewall of the second connecting portion (12).

8. The electrode structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The filling layer (2) is a PP layer.

9. The electrode structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The conductive layer (1) has a conductive sealing layer (4) on its outer wall, and the conductive sealing layer (4) covers at least the seam between the filling layer (2) and the edge of the exhaust channel (13).

10. A battery, characterized in that, The battery includes a battery cell, a battery casing, and a tab structure as described in any one of claims 1-9. The battery cell is disposed inside the battery casing (62), the conductive layer (1) passes through the battery casing, the first connecting part (11) is located outside the battery casing (61), and the second connecting part (12) is located inside the battery casing (62) and connected to the battery cell.

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