Automatic cleaning wiping mechanism for perovskite photovoltaic coating head

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of automatic cleaning wiping mechanism for perovskite photovoltaic coating head, including bottom plate and the vertical plate of installation in the rear side of bottom plate, driven wiping assembly multiaxial movement and realizes the wiping processing of coating head above in multiaxis transmission unit of installation on vertical plate;Wiping assembly includes wiping base, and wiping mechanism is installed in wiping base, and wiping mechanism includes the flexible profiling wiping head matched with above-mentioned coating head and the wiping head mounting seat for installing profiling wiping head;The outside of wiping head mounting seat is connected with wiping base by pressure-sensitive servo device.The utility model is by profiling wiping head plus pressure-sensitive servo device, so that it can better fit coating head lip, improve wiping effect.The utility model is by the cooperation of micro-spray device and profiling wiping head, can reduce the probability of secondary pollution, and waste liquid is collected by liquid receiving box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic perovskite cell production equipment, and in particular to an automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head. Background Technology

[0002] Existing coating heads are susceptible to slurry residue during photovoltaic cell production (coating process), leading to problems such as uneven coating and broken lines. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly clean and wipe the coating heads through a coating wiping process.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN218341748U, which discloses a pressure roller wiping device for a coating machine, belonging to the field of coating machine technology. The device includes a mounting frame, a drive housing, a drive motor, a drive rod, and a pressure roller. The drive housing is connected to one side of the mounting frame, and the drive motor is installed inside the drive housing. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the drive rod, and the drive housing, drive motor, and drive rod constitute a drive mechanism. One end of the drive rod passes through the mounting frame and is connected to the pressure roller. The drive mechanism can drive the pressure roller to rotate, and the pressure roller is rotatably connected to one side of the mounting frame.

[0004] Existing wiping materials have poor compatibility with the curved surface of the coating head; the solvent supply system is prone to secondary pollution and lacks automatic waste liquid collection function.

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, the designer actively researched and innovated to create an automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for perovskite photovoltaic coating heads, making it more valuable for industrial applications. Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for perovskite photovoltaic coating heads.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head includes a base plate and a vertical plate mounted on the rear side of the base plate. A multi-axis transmission unit mounted on the vertical plate drives the wiping assembly to move in multiple axes and perform wiping treatment on the coating head above.

[0009] The wiping assembly includes a wiping base, in which a wiping mechanism is installed. The wiping mechanism includes a flexible, contoured wiping head adapted to the coating head described above, and a wiping head mounting base for mounting the contoured wiping head.

[0010] The outer side of the wiping head mounting base is connected to the wiping base via a pressure-sensitive follower device.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the multi-axis transmission unit includes a Z-axis transmission module and an X-axis transmission module. The Z-axis transmission module mounted on the vertical plate drives the front Z-axis motion plate to move up and down, and the X-axis transmission module mounted on the Z-axis motion plate drives the upper X-axis motion plate to move left and right. The wiping base is mounted on the X-axis motion plate.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, both the left and right sides of the Z-axis motion plate are connected to the Z-axis guide rail assembly mounted on the vertical plate.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, a Z-axis sensing plate is installed on the Z-axis motion plate, and at least one Z-axis sensor adapted to the above-mentioned Z-axis sensing plate is installed on the vertical plate along the Z-axis direction.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the bottom of the X-axis motion plate is connected to the X-axis guide rail assembly mounted on the Z-axis motion plate below.

[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model, an X-axis sensing plate is installed on the X-axis motion plate, and at least one X-axis sensor adapted to the aforementioned X-axis sensing plate is installed on the Z-axis motion plate along the X-axis direction.

[0016] As a further improvement of this utility model, a visual positioning mechanism is installed on at least one of the front and rear sides and the left and right sides of the coating head.

[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, the visual positioning mechanism is an industrial camera.

[0018] As a further improvement of this utility model, a micro-spray device is also installed in the wiping head mounting base. The micro-spray device includes a piezoelectric nozzle. A liquid receiving box is installed at the bottom of the wiping base, and a solvent recovery channel connected to the liquid receiving box below is opened on the wiping base.

[0019] By means of the above solution, this utility model has at least the following advantages:

[0020] This invention uses a contoured wiping head with a pressure-sensitive follower device to better fit the lip of the coating head and improve the wiping effect.

[0021] This invention, through the combination of a micro-spray device and a contour wiping head, can reduce the chance of secondary pollution and collect waste liquid through a collection box.

[0022] The multiple visual positioning mechanisms of this invention can intuitively present the wiping effect on the operation panel and record and archive it, which is beneficial for later data integration and retrospective analysis.

[0023] This invention uses a multi-axis transmission unit to complete the positioning, movement, and wiping of the wiping component, effectively improving the overall coating cycle time and increasing production efficiency.

[0024] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following are the preferred embodiments of this utility model and are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head according to this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Side view;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0029] The meanings of the labels in the figures are as follows.

[0030] 1. Base plate; 2. Vertical plate; 3. Z-axis transmission module; 4. Z-axis motion plate; 5. Z-axis guide rail assembly; 6. X-axis transmission module; 7. Wiping assembly; 8. X-axis guide rail assembly; 9. Coating head; 10. Vision positioning mechanism; 11. X-axis motion plate; 12. Wiping base; 13. Wiping mechanism; 14. Pressure-sensitive follow-up device; 15. Liquid receiving box. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The first embodiment of this utility model:

[0034] like Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, an automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head in this embodiment mainly includes a base plate 1, a vertical plate 2, a multi-axis transmission unit and a wiping assembly 7. The multi-axis transmission unit drives the wiping assembly 7 to move in multiple axes and realize the wiping treatment of the coating head 9 above.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 A vertical plate 2 is installed on the rear side of the base plate 1. The multi-axis transmission unit mainly includes a Z-axis transmission module 3 and an X-axis transmission module 6.

[0036] A Z-axis transmission module 3 is installed on the front center of the upright plate 2. The Z-axis transmission module 3 drives the Z-axis motion plate 4 to move up and down. An X-axis transmission module 6, an X-axis motion plate 11, and a wiping assembly 7 are installed on the Z-axis motion plate 4.

[0037] The X-axis transmission module 6 drives the X-axis motion plate 11 to move left and right. A wiping component 7 is installed on the X-axis motion plate 11. Through the Z-axis transmission module 3 and the X-axis transmission module 6, the wiping component 7 can achieve dual-axis movement in the X-axis and Z-axis directions.

[0038] like Figure 3 The wiping assembly 7 mainly includes a wiping base 12, a wiping mechanism 13, and a pressure-sensitive follower device 14.

[0039] The wiping base 12 is mounted on the X-axis moving plate 11. A wiping mechanism 13 is installed inside the wiping base 12, and the outer side of the wiping head mounting seat is connected to the wiping base 12 through a pressure-sensitive follower device 14.

[0040] The wiping mechanism 13 mainly includes a wiping head mounting seat installed in the wiping base 12. A flexible, contoured wiping head adapted to the coating head 9 is installed in the wiping head mounting seat, and the coating head 9 is wiped and cleaned through the contoured wiping head.

[0041] In this embodiment, the contour wiping head that conforms to the coating head is made of a flexible material. The main purpose is to achieve thorough cleaning by elastically deforming and conforming to the complex curved surfaces of the coating head (such as the lip of a slit coating head, the arc surface of the coating roller, etc.), while avoiding damage to the coating head surface by hard contact.

[0042] The flexible material of the contour wiping head is generally silicone, nitrile rubber, fluororubber, etc. The selection can be made according to the surface characteristics of the coating head (such as curvature and precision, material compatibility, etc.), the characteristics of the slurry and cleaning medium (such as slurry composition, cleaning solvent, etc.), and the equipment operating parameters (such as wiping pressure, temperature and speed, etc.).

[0043] The following is one example (cleaning the lip of the slit coating head):

[0044] 1. Coating head characteristics: lip width 50-200μm, surface roughness Ra<0.2μm, scratches should be avoided.

[0045] 2. Contour-shaped wiping head design:

[0046] Material: Food-grade silicone with a Shore hardness of 15A, cut into V-shaped strips to match the contours of the lips;

[0047] Structure: A silicone strip is embedded in an elastic metal support (such as a spring steel sheet). A pressure of 0.5-1 N / cm² is applied by a pressure-sensitive follower device, and the tip of the silicone strip is embedded in the lip gap to achieve contour wiping.

[0048] The pressure-sensitive follow-up device 14 generally includes a pressure sensing module, a transmission adjustment module, a control module, and a mechanical support and connection module.

[0049] 1. The pressure sensing module mainly consists of a pressure sensor, which can be selected from strain gauge pressure sensors, piezoelectric pressure sensors, and capacitive pressure sensors, etc. The pressure sensor is generally installed at the connection between the wiping head mounting base and the wiping base 12 to directly sense the contact pressure.

[0050] 2. The transmission adjustment module, i.e., the drive actuator, is generally a rotary motor drive mechanism, a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder drive mechanism, or a flexible hinge mechanism. A pressure sensor sends a signal to drive this actuator, achieving precise displacement through guide components such as guide rails, sliders, or guide shafts.

[0051] 3. The control module typically includes a microcontroller (MCU): such as STM32 or Arduino, responsible for acquiring sensor signals, running control algorithms (such as PID closed-loop control), and outputting drive commands. Signal conditioning circuitry: amplifies and filters the weak electrical signals from the sensor to improve anti-interference capabilities. Human-machine interface: used to set parameters such as pressure thresholds and adjust modes (e.g., remote control via device panel or APP).

[0052] 4. Mechanical support and connection modules generally include a support frame: made of high-strength, lightweight materials (such as aluminum alloy or carbon fiber), which secures the sensors and transmission mechanisms, ensuring structural rigidity. A floating connection structure: creates a movable connection between the wiping assembly and the main body (such as a universal ball joint or flexible coupling), allowing for minute angle and displacement adjustments.

[0053] The pressure-sensitive servo device achieves adaptive pressure adjustment through a closed-loop control process of sensing, processing, and execution, specifically in the following steps:

[0054] 1. Pressure signal acquisition:

[0055] When the contour wiping head contacts the surface being cleaned by the coating head, the pressure sensor detects the magnitude and direction of the contact force in real time.

[0056] For example:

[0057] If the surface to be cleaned is uneven, the pressure on the contour wiping head will increase, and the electrical signal output by the pressure sensor will be amplified.

[0058] If the contour wiping head detaches from the surface, the pressure decreases and the signal weakens.

[0059] 2. Signal processing and logical judgment:

[0060] The control module performs analog-to-digital conversion (A / D conversion) on the pressure sensor signal and compares it with a preset pressure threshold (such as the optimal wiping pressure range).

[0061] For example:

[0062] Excessive pressure: This indicates that the contour wiping head is excessively pressed against the surface, which may lead to wear or increased energy consumption. It is necessary to control the transmission adjustment module to move the contour wiping head away from the surface (e.g., back 0.5mm).

[0063] Low pressure: This indicates insufficient contact of the contour wiping head, resulting in reduced cleaning effectiveness. The contour wiping head needs to be moved closer to the surface (e.g., forward 0.3mm).

[0064] 3. Position fine-tuning execution:

[0065] The control module sends commands to the transmission adjustment module to drive the execution of actions:

[0066] If a motor and lead screw structure is used, the motor rotates forward or backward, driving the lead screw nut to move and pushing the contour wiping head to slide along the guide rail.

[0067] If pneumatic drive is used, the solenoid valve controls the extension and retraction of the cylinder piston to adjust the distance between components.

[0068] Feedback correction: After adjustment, the pressure sensor collects the pressure signal again to form a closed-loop control until the pressure stabilizes within the preset range.

[0069] 4. Dynamic adaptation:

[0070] When the curvature of the cleaning surface changes or the direction of equipment movement changes, the pressure-sensitive follower device continuously adjusts in real time to ensure that the contour-following wiping head always adheres to the surface with constant pressure.

[0071] In addition, the Z-axis motion plate 4 and the X-axis motion plate 11 are guided by guide rail assemblies during their operation.

[0072] The left and right sides of the Z-axis motion plate 4 are connected to the Z-axis guide rail assembly 5 (including guide rail and slider) installed on the vertical plate 2. The Z-axis motion plate 4 moves up and down by the guidance of the Z-axis guide rail assembly 5.

[0073] The bottom of the X-axis motion plate 11 is connected to the X-axis guide rail assembly 8 below and mounted on the Z-axis motion plate 4. The X-axis motion plate 11 moves left and right by the guidance of the X-axis guide rail assembly 8.

[0074] Furthermore, the operation of the Z-axis motion plate 4 and the X-axis motion plate 11 is further achieved through position sensing by sensors and sensing plates.

[0075] A Z-axis sensing plate is mounted on the Z-axis motion plate 4, and at least one Z-axis sensor adapted to the aforementioned Z-axis sensing plate is mounted on the vertical plate 2 along the Z-axis direction. An X-axis sensing plate is mounted on the X-axis motion plate 11, and at least one X-axis sensor adapted to the aforementioned X-axis sensing plate is mounted on the Z-axis motion plate 4 along the X-axis direction. Both the Z-axis sensor and the X-axis sensor can be position sensors, etc.

[0076] The second embodiment of this utility model:

[0077] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 Based on the first embodiment described above, a visual positioning module is also included. The visual positioning module mainly includes three visual positioning mechanisms 10, namely, visual positioning mechanisms 10 are installed on the front, rear, and right sides of the coating head 9, and the visual positioning mechanism 10 is an industrial camera.

[0078] One of the industrial cameras is used for relative positioning of the wiping head and the coating head. A machine learning-based residue recognition algorithm: using industrial cameras (2D cameras) positioned on both sides of the wiping module, images are taken of both sides of the coating head's lip to determine whether the lip of the coating head has been wiped clean.

[0079] One industrial camera is used to position and fine-tune the wiping component, while another set of industrial cameras is used to detect, judge, and archive the wiping results.

[0080] The visual module can intuitively present the wiping effect on the operation panel and record and archive it, which is beneficial for later data integration and retrospective analysis.

[0081] The third embodiment of this utility model:

[0082] Based on the first embodiment described above, a micro-spray device is also installed in the wiping head mounting base. The micro-spray device includes a piezoelectric nozzle. A liquid receiving box 15 is installed at the bottom of the wiping base 12, and a solvent recovery channel communicating with the liquid receiving box 15 below is opened on the wiping base 12.

[0083] The micro-spray device described above is used to clean the coating head, precisely supply solvent, and recycle waste liquid.

[0084] The fourth embodiment of this utility model:

[0085] Taking the coating head of the 1200A slot coater as an example:

[0086] 1. After filling or coating, the coating head 9 moves to a fixed position above the contour wiping head. The contour wiping head moves along the left and right directions to the outside of the coating area of ​​the coating head 9, and rises in the Z-axis direction to fit with the lip of the coating head 9. At this time, the industrial camera starts to work, takes pictures and judges the degree of fit between the two: if they fit, the preparation before wiping is completed; if they do not fit, the position of the wiping component is automatically adjusted.

[0087] 2. The contour wiping head wipes the coating head 9 in the left-right direction with the assistance of the pressure-sensitive follower device.

[0088] 3. You can choose to have the solvent spray (piezoelectric nozzle of the micro-spray device) move synchronously with the wiping action, with a relative lag, and the parameters can be set; or you can choose to have the solvent spray move synchronously, and then wipe again after the process is complete.

[0089] 4. After the wiping action is completed, the wiping component 7 automatically returns to its original position. The industrial cameras on both sides take pictures of both sides of the coating head 9 lip to determine whether it is clean. The pictures are archived for data integration and backtracking.

[0090] 5. After wiping, the waste liquid will automatically flow into the collection box for centralized treatment.

[0091] In summary, the cleaning and wiping mechanism of this invention determines the relative position of the coating head lip and the contour wiping head through two methods: position calculation and visual positioning (the working principle of which is existing technology in this field). Then, a motor drives a transmission mechanism to move the contour wiping head horizontally and vertically to clean the coating head. Compared to manual wiping, this significantly reduces consumable costs (tests show that one wiping head can be used an average of 300-500 times, while manual wiping requires 10 sheets of approximately 100*100 lint-free cloths per wipe), effectively improving the overall coating cycle time and increasing production efficiency. Compared to existing rigid automatic wiping (usually epoxy resin wiping heads, etc.), the wiping head of this invention uses a flexible material and a pressure-sensitive follow-up device, allowing it to better conform to the coating head lip and improve the wiping effect. The visual positioning module of this invention can visually display the wiping effect on the operation panel and record and archive it, which is beneficial for later data integration and retrospective analysis.

[0092] The X-axis direction mentioned in this article is as follows: Figure 1 The left and right directions, the Z-axis direction mentioned in this article is as follows: Figure 1 The up and down directions.

[0093] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0094] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0095] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head, comprising a base plate (1) and a vertical plate (2) mounted on the rear side of the base plate (1), wherein a multi-axis transmission unit mounted on the vertical plate (2) drives the wiping assembly (7) to move in multiple axes and perform wiping treatment on the coating head (9) above. Its features are: The wiping assembly (7) includes a wiping base (12), in which a wiping mechanism (13) is installed. The wiping mechanism (13) includes a flexible contoured wiping head adapted to the coating head (9) and a wiping head mounting base for mounting the contoured wiping head. The outer side of the wiping head mounting base is connected to the wiping base (12) via a pressure-sensitive follower device (14).

2. The automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-axis transmission unit includes a Z-axis transmission module (3) and an X-axis transmission module (6). The Z-axis transmission module (3) mounted on the vertical plate (2) drives the front Z-axis motion plate (4) to move up and down. The X-axis transmission module (6) mounted on the Z-axis motion plate (4) drives the upper X-axis motion plate (11) to move left and right. The wiping base (12) is mounted on the X-axis motion plate (11).

3. The automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The left and right sides of the Z-axis motion plate (4) are connected to the Z-axis guide rail assembly (5) installed on the vertical plate (2).

4. The automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A Z-axis sensing plate is installed on the Z-axis moving plate (4), and at least one Z-axis sensor adapted to the Z-axis sensing plate is installed on the vertical plate (2) along the Z-axis direction.

5. The automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the X-axis motion plate (11) is connected to the X-axis guide rail assembly (8) below and mounted on the Z-axis motion plate (4).

6. The automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An X-axis sensing plate is installed on the X-axis motion plate (11), and at least one X-axis sensor adapted to the X-axis sensing plate is installed on the Z-axis motion plate (4) along the X-axis direction.

7. The automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A visual positioning mechanism (10) is installed on at least one of the front and rear sides and the left and right sides of the coating head (9).

8. The automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The visual positioning mechanism (10) is an industrial camera.

9. The automatic cleaning and wiping mechanism for a perovskite photovoltaic coating head as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A micro-spray device is also installed in the wiping head mounting base. The micro-spray device includes a piezoelectric nozzle. A liquid receiving box (15) is installed at the bottom of the wiping base (12), and a solvent recovery channel connected to the liquid receiving box (15) below is opened on the wiping base (12).

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