Main paving mechanism of a slope paver
By designing an electric hoist and X-shaped clamp as the main paving mechanism on the slope paver, the safety hazards and low efficiency of manual paving of interlocking concrete blocks were solved, achieving efficient and safe mechanized construction.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HENAN PROVINCIAL WATER CONSERVANCY FIRST ENG BUREAU
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the paving process of concrete interlocking blocks relies on manual operation, which poses safety hazards, is inefficient, and is difficult to meet the high-efficiency requirements of large-scale slope protection projects. In particular, the construction stability is poor in sloping terrain, and there is a lack of standardized tools.
A main paving mechanism was designed and installed on a slope paver, including an electric hoist and an X-shaped clamp. Through the cooperation of the longitudinal track and the electric hoist, the automatic batch clamping and paving of interlocking concrete blocks can be realized, adapting to slope terrain with different slopes.
It significantly improves paving efficiency, reduces labor costs, enhances construction quality and safety, adapts to the high-precision construction needs of complex slope terrain, and realizes mechanized and intelligent construction.
Smart Images
Figure CN224338168U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to the paving technology of interlocking concrete blocks in slope protection engineering. Background Technology
[0002] Interlocking concrete blocks are highly durable and resistant to environmental erosion. Designed with an interlocking structure, they can be installed quickly and are generally more cost-effective than other building materials.
[0003] In the field of water conservancy engineering, concrete interlocking blocks are widely used in various slope protection projects, such as river slope protection and dam slope protection, and are also frequently used in lake and reservoir bank protection projects.
[0004] Interlocking concrete blocks are well-suited for various slope protection projects in hydraulic engineering due to their interlocking structure. The applicant has used interlocking concrete blocks for slope protection on multiple construction sites. Because the interlocking concrete blocks are interlocked, the scouring effect of water flow cannot disturb any single interlocking concrete block individually, thus significantly increasing the stability of the slope protection.
[0005] Laying concrete interlocking blocks on the slope is an essential step. Currently, the concrete interlocking blocks are typically modified from simple curb clamps and transported using wire ropes and a crane. This method requires frequent manual unloading and reloading throughout the entire process, which is not only labor-intensive but also poses significant safety hazards; operational errors can easily lead to accidents.
[0006] In addition, for some large-volume and heavy concrete interlocking blocks, it is difficult for people to stand and walk when they are manually moved on the slope. Multiple people are required to work together, which not only makes the moving difficult and the work inefficient, but also increases the project cost.
[0007] With the continuous expansion of engineering construction scale and the increasing demands for construction efficiency and safety, it has become necessary to develop a new type of mechanized paver.
[0008] While concrete interlocking blocks demonstrate significant advantages in slope protection engineering, their construction efficiency and safety remain limited by traditional manual operation methods. Current technologies, relying on cranes with simple clamps for lifting, require repeated loading and unloading of steel cables and result in a slow construction pace due to frequent manual intervention, making them unsuitable for the high-efficiency demands of large-scale slope protection projects. Especially on sloping terrain, workers face poor stability when handling large interlocking blocks, increasing the risk of slippage, and standardized tools are lacking for batch paving of multiple interlocking blocks. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a main paving mechanism integrating automated control and batch clamping to address the inefficiency and dangers of manual operation, while simultaneously meeting the high-precision, large-scale construction requirements on complex slope terrain, thus driving the transformation of slope protection engineering towards mechanization and intelligence. Utility Model Content
[0009] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a main paving mechanism for a slope paver, used to clamp and pave interlocking concrete blocks in batches.
[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the main paving mechanism of the slope paver of this utility model is installed on the main longitudinal movement mechanism; the main longitudinal movement mechanism includes a main gantry frame, the top of the main gantry frame has a longitudinal movement track, and the longitudinal movement track has a left track groove and a right track groove;
[0011] The main paving mechanism includes an electric hoist and an X-shaped clamp. The electric hoist is connected to the main longitudinal movement mechanism via a longitudinal movement frame. The longitudinal movement frame is equipped with a left track wheel and a right track wheel, which roll in contact with the left and right track grooves of the longitudinal movement track at the top of the main gantry frame, respectively. The X-shaped clamp includes a central shaft, a suspension shaft, a left clamping plate, and a right clamping plate.
[0012] The left and right clamping plates are hinged to the suspension shaft via a front X-shaped frame and a rear X-shaped frame. The suspension shaft is connected to the hook of the electric hoist, which has a remote control.
[0013] The longitudinal track is made of I-beams and includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and a vertical plate. The left and right sides of the vertical plate form a left track groove and a right track groove, respectively. The left track wheel and the right track wheel are embedded in the left track groove and the right track groove, respectively.
[0014] The front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame have the same structure, both including a first rotating plate and a second rotating plate, with the central shaft passing through the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate and rotatingly engaging with both the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate;
[0015] The lower ends of both the first and second rotating plates are bent downwards and have clamping parts.
[0016] The upper end of the first rotating plate is rotatably connected to a left connecting plate via a left hinge shaft, and the upper end of the second rotating plate is rotatably connected to a right connecting plate via a right hinge shaft; the other ends of the left and right connecting plates are both hinged to the end of the suspension shaft.
[0017] The front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame share the same left hinge axis and the same right hinge axis; the clamping part on the left side of the front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the left clamping plate, and the clamping part on the right side of the front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the right clamping plate. The length and spacing of the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate are matched to the need to clamp two rows of three concrete interlocking blocks.
[0018] The suspension shaft of the X-shaped clamp is hinged to a limiting rod. The lower middle part of the limiting rod is provided with a slot that matches the central shaft. The upper part of the slot is an inclined surface that facilitates upward disengagement of the central shaft, and the lower part of the slot is a flat surface.
[0019] The distance D1 between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate and the width D2 of the two columns of concrete interlocking blocks satisfy 5 cm ≥ D1 - D2 ≥ 2 cm, and probe rods are fixed to the bottom of the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate respectively.
[0020] The longitudinal transfer frame is equipped with a longitudinal transfer motor, which is connected to the left or right track wheel via a transmission mechanism.
[0021] The main paving mechanism achieves efficient longitudinal movement along the slope via a main longitudinal transfer mechanism; the X-shaped clamp is lifted or lowered by an electric hoist, capable of clamping multiple interlocking concrete blocks at once. Through mechanized batch clamping, paving efficiency can be significantly improved. Workers can conveniently control the electric hoist's operation via remote control, whether on the toe platform or at the top of the slope.
[0022] I-beam track troughs are low-cost, easy to manufacture, and enhance longitudinal movement stability, preventing derailment. The symmetrical structure of the track troughs also facilitates smooth movement of the main paving mechanism.
[0023] The left and right track wheels are positioned on both sides of the longitudinal track and are located within corresponding track grooves. This structure allows the main paving mechanism to move longitudinally along the longitudinal track while preventing it from detaching from the track. The front and rear X-shaped frames are simple in structure and can extend and retract in both vertical and horizontal directions. Specifically, the X-shaped frame extends vertically while narrowing horizontally, and expands horizontally while shortening vertically, facilitating the clamping or releasing of concrete interlocking blocks using the characteristics of the X-shaped frame.
[0024] The limiting rod can temporarily fix the opening and closing degree of the X-shaped clamp, and the beveled surface of the slot facilitates disengagement. The probe provides a clear signal that the clamp is in place, supporting precise clamping and paving actions. Specifically, after the probe contacts the concrete interlocking block, it triggers the worker to lift the block via remote control, preventing excessive lowering. The specifications of D1 and D2 facilitate clamping the concrete interlocking block while avoiding excessive width that would reduce work efficiency.
[0025] The longitudinal traverse motor can easily drive the main paving mechanism to move longitudinally along the longitudinal traverse track via the left or right track wheel. In this invention, the electric hoist lifts or lowers the concrete interlocking blocks through X-shaped clamps, operating multiple concrete interlocking blocks at once, thus significantly improving paving efficiency.
[0026] This utility model and its supporting slope paving machine have been practically applied in the Baiguishan Reservoir slope reinforcement and protection project. At the beginning of the Baiguishan Reservoir slope reinforcement and protection project in Henan Province, the traditional precast interlocking block paving process mainly relied on a combination of crane lifting and manual handling. Given the problems of low efficiency, high cost, and significant safety hazards associated with the traditional operation mode, the project's R&D team successfully developed a new type of intelligent construction equipment integrating automatic material handling, precise stacking, and efficient paving functions. This equipment, through the establishment of a complete automated operation system, has demonstrated the following core technical features in engineering practice:
[0027] I. Overall Innovative Structural Design and Functional Implementation:
[0028] This equipment innovatively adopts a dual support structure of retaining walls and wave-breaking walls as the motion carrier, realizing coordinated operation of lateral movement and continuous paving. Its core structure includes an adjustable angle adaptation mechanism, which can accurately adapt to slope gradient changes of 5°-45° (inclusive of the two extremes) and completely eliminate personal safety hazards such as falling objects from heights and heavy object handling.
[0029] II. Automated Slope Adaptation System
[0030] With its adjustable upper and lower angle structures, this invention can automatically match different slope gradients. Field tests show that the terrain adaptation time is reduced from 2.5 hours / 100㎡ in the traditional process to 1.2 hours / 100㎡, and the planar positioning accuracy reaches ±2mm / ㎡, significantly improving the construction quality stability and construction efficiency under special working conditions of water conservancy projects.
[0031] III. Comprehensive Benefit Analysis of the Project
[0032] In large-scale revetment projects, this equipment demonstrates significant advantages in large-scale construction.
[0033] Work efficiency indicators: Continuous paving speed reaches 25-30 m² / h, which is 2-3 times faster than traditional methods. Cost control: Overall construction cost is reduced by 42%, with labor cost savings accounting for 68%.
[0034] Quality assurance: The first-pass yield rate of interlocking block joints has increased from 83% to 98.5%.
[0035] Safety performance: Achieve 100% mechanization of high-risk operations.
[0036] The successful application of this equipment and the entire slope paver marks a new stage of mechanization in the construction of slope protection in water conservancy projects. Its modular design concept provides a replicable technical paradigm for similar projects and has significant industry promotion value. Attached Figure Description
[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model installed on a slope paver.
[0038] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention installed on a slope paver.
[0039] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A-A sectional view.
[0040] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of point C in the middle.
[0041] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point D in the middle. Detailed Implementation
[0042] In this invention, "forward" refers to the direction from the bottom of the slope to the top of the slope, and "leftward" refers to the left side when facing forward.
[0043] Before implementing this utility model, if there is a lack of a retaining wall or wave-breaking wall at the slope, the retaining wall or wave-breaking wall should be constructed and improved at the bottom and top of the slope respectively.
[0044] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the main paving mechanism of the slope paver of this utility model is installed on the main longitudinal movement mechanism; the main longitudinal movement mechanism includes a main gantry frame 26, the top of the main gantry frame 26 has a longitudinal movement track 31, and the longitudinal movement track 31 has a left track groove 49 and a right track groove 50;
[0045] The main paving mechanism includes an electric hoist 35 and an X-shaped clamp. The electric hoist 35 is connected to the main longitudinal movement mechanism via a longitudinal movement frame 36. The longitudinal movement frame 36 is equipped with a left track wheel 37 and a right track wheel 38. The left track wheel 37 and the right track wheel 38 are respectively rolled in the left track groove 49 and the right track groove 50 of the longitudinal movement track 31 at the top of the main gantry frame 26. The X-shaped clamp includes a central shaft 40, a suspension shaft 41, a left clamping plate 47, and a right clamping plate 48.
[0046] The left clamping plate 47 and the right clamping plate 48 are hinged to the suspension shaft 41 through the front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame. The suspension shaft 41 is connected to the hook of the electric hoist 35, which has a remote control.
[0047] The main paving mechanism achieves efficient longitudinal movement along the slope via the main longitudinal transfer mechanism; the X-shaped clamp is lifted or lowered by the electric hoist 35, which can clamp multiple interlocking concrete blocks at once. Through mechanized batch clamping, paving efficiency can be greatly improved. Whether the worker is at the foot protection platform or at the top of the slope, the operation of the electric hoist 35 can be conveniently controlled by remote control.
[0048] The longitudinal track 31 is made of I-beams and includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a vertical plate. The left track groove 49 and the right track groove 50 are formed on the left and right sides of the vertical plate, respectively. The left track wheel 37 and the right track wheel 38 are respectively embedded in the left track groove 49 and the right track groove 50.
[0049] I-beam track troughs are low-cost, easy to manufacture, and enhance longitudinal movement stability, preventing derailment. The symmetrical structure of the track troughs also facilitates smooth movement of the main paving mechanism.
[0050] The front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame have the same structure, both including a first rotating plate 43 and a second rotating plate 44, and the central shaft 40 passes through the first rotating plate 43 and the second rotating plate 44 and is in rotational engagement with both the first rotating plate 43 and the second rotating plate 44;
[0051] The lower ends of the first rotating plate 43 and the second rotating plate 44 are both bent downwards and provided with clamping parts 45.
[0052] The upper end of the first rotating plate 43 is rotatably connected to the left connecting plate 46 via the left hinge shaft, and the upper end of the second rotating plate 44 is rotatably connected to the right connecting plate 42 via the right hinge shaft; the other ends (relative to the upper ends) of the left connecting plate 46 and the right connecting plate 42 are both hinged to the end of the suspension shaft 4141.
[0053] The front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame share the same left hinge axis and the same right hinge axis; the clamping part 45 on the left side of the front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the left clamping plate 47, and the clamping part 45 on the right side of the front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the right clamping plate 48. The length and spacing of the left clamping plate 47 and the right clamping plate 48 are matched to the need to clamp two columns and three rows of concrete interlocking blocks; that is, there are three rows in the front-to-back direction and two columns in the left-to-right direction.
[0054] The left track wheel 37 and the right track wheel 38 are positioned on both sides of the longitudinal track 31 and are located in their respective track grooves. This structure allows the main paving mechanism to move along the longitudinal track 31 in the longitudinal direction (forward and backward) while preventing it from detaching from the track 31. The front and rear X-shaped frames are simple in structure and can extend and retract in both the vertical and horizontal directions. Specifically, the X-shaped frame extends vertically while narrowing horizontally, and expands horizontally while shortening vertically, making it convenient to use the characteristics of the X-shaped frame to clamp or release the concrete interlocking blocks.
[0055] The suspension shaft 41 of the X-shaped clamp is hinged to a limiting rod 51. The lower middle part of the limiting rod 51 is provided with a slot 52 that is adapted to the central shaft 40. The upper part of the slot 52 is an inclined surface that facilitates the upward disengagement of the central shaft 40, and the lower part of the slot 52 is a flat surface.
[0056] The limiting rod 51 can temporarily fix the opening and closing degree of the X-shaped clamp, and the inclined surface of the slot facilitates disengagement.
[0057] The distance D1 between the left clamping plate 47 and the right clamping plate 48 and the width D2 of the two columns of concrete interlocking blocks satisfy 5 cm ≥ D1 - D2 ≥ 2 cm, and probe rods 53 are fixed to the bottom of the left clamping plate 47 and the right clamping plate 48 respectively. The probe rods 53 are made of wear-resistant alloy steel and coated with an anti-rust coating.
[0058] The probe 53 provides a clear signal indicating that the concrete is clamped in place, supporting precise clamping and paving actions. Specifically, after the probe 53 contacts the concrete interlocking block, it triggers the operator to lift the block via remote control, preventing excessive lowering. The specifications of D1 and D2 facilitate clamping the concrete interlocking block while avoiding excessive width that could reduce work efficiency.
[0059] The longitudinal transfer frame 36 is equipped with a longitudinal transfer motor 39, which is connected to the left track wheel 37 or the right track wheel 38 via a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism of the longitudinal transfer motor 39 can be a belt drive mechanism, a chain drive mechanism, or a gear drive mechanism, all of which are conventional technologies and are not detailed here, nor are they shown in the figure.
[0060] The longitudinal traverse motor 39 can easily drive the main paving mechanism to move longitudinally along the longitudinal traverse track 31 via the left track wheel 37 or the right track wheel 38.
[0061] In this invention, the electric hoist 35 lifts or lowers the concrete interlocking blocks using an X-shaped clamp, allowing multiple concrete interlocking blocks to be operated at once, thus significantly improving paving efficiency.
[0062] In use, the main paving mechanism of the slope paver of this invention is mounted on the main longitudinal movement mechanism and powered by a generator, thus freeing it from the constraints of grid power supply and meeting the needs of slope protection engineering in water conservancy projects. The longitudinal position of the main paving mechanism is roughly determined by the main longitudinal movement mechanism, and precisely controlled by the longitudinal movement motor, ensuring that the movement of the main paving mechanism reaches the toe protection platform at the bottom of the slope. Using a remote-controlled electric hoist 35, it is possible to batch pick up concrete interlocking blocks at the toe protection platform at the bottom of the slope and batch lower concrete interlocking blocks at the paving location, enabling mechanized batch paving construction.
[0063] Concrete interlocking blocks to be laid are pre-piled on the toe protection platform at the bottom of the slope. The specific action of clamping the concrete interlocking blocks on the toe protection platform is as follows: the worker controls the electric hoist 35 to lower the X-shaped lifting device through the remote control. After the left clamping plate 47 and the right clamping plate 48 or each probe 53 contact the concrete interlocking block to be clamped, the two rows of three concrete interlocking blocks to be clamped are located between the left clamping plate 47 and the right clamping plate 48. The worker controls the electric hoist 35 to lift the X-shaped lifting device through the remote control. The X-shaped lifting device extends vertically and shortens horizontally, so that the left clamping plate 47 and the right clamping plate 48 clamp and lift the two rows of three concrete interlocking blocks.
[0064] Under the traction of the main longitudinal movement mechanism, when the main paving mechanism of this utility model reaches the predetermined paving position, the action of lowering the concrete interlocking block is as follows: the worker controls the electric hoist 35 to lower the X-shaped lifting device through the remote control. When the concrete interlocking block touches the ground, the bottom end of the X-shaped lifting device stops falling while the top end still falls a short distance, thereby shortening the vertical direction of the X-shaped lifting device and expanding it in the left and right directions. This increases the distance between the left clamping plate 47 and the right clamping plate 48, causing the concrete interlocking block to detach from the left clamping plate 47 and the right clamping plate 48, thus paving it in the predetermined paving position.
[0065] With the longitudinal movement dominated by the main longitudinal movement mechanism, the above clamping and lowering paving actions are repeated cyclically, and concrete interlocking blocks can be quickly paved on the slope with high paving quality.
[0066] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of this utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Any modifications or partial substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. The main paving mechanism of a slope paver, mounted on the main longitudinal movement mechanism; characterized in that: The main longitudinal movement mechanism includes a main gantry (26), the top of which has a longitudinal movement track (31), and the longitudinal movement track (31) has a left track groove (49) and a right track groove (50); The main paving mechanism includes an electric hoist (35) and an X-shaped clamp. The electric hoist (35) is connected to the main longitudinal movement mechanism via a longitudinal movement frame (36). The longitudinal movement frame (36) is equipped with a left track wheel (37) and a right track wheel (38). The left track wheel (37) and the right track wheel (38) are respectively rolled in the left track groove and the right track groove of the longitudinal movement track (31) at the top of the main gantry frame (26). The X-shaped clamp includes a central shaft (40), a suspension shaft (41), a left clamping plate (47), and a right clamping plate (48). The left clamping plate (47) and the right clamping plate (48) are hinged to the suspension shaft (41) via the front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame. The suspension shaft (41) is connected to the hook of the electric hoist (35), which has a remote control.
2. The main paving mechanism of the ramp paver according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal track (31) is made of I-beams and includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a vertical plate. The left and right sides of the vertical plate form a left track groove (49) and a right track groove (50) respectively. The left track wheel (37) and the right track wheel (38) are respectively embedded in the left track groove (49) and the right track groove (50).
3. The main paving mechanism of the ramp paver according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame have the same structure, both including a first rotating plate (43) and a second rotating plate (44). The central shaft (40) passes through the first rotating plate (43) and the second rotating plate (44) and is in rotational engagement with both the first rotating plate (43) and the second rotating plate (44). The lower ends of the first rotating plate (43) and the second rotating plate (44) are both bent downwards and provided with clamping parts (45). The upper end of the first rotating plate (43) is rotatably connected to the left connecting plate (46) via the left hinge shaft, and the upper end of the second rotating plate (44) is rotatably connected to the right connecting plate (42) via the right hinge shaft; the other ends of the left connecting plate (46) and the right connecting plate (42) are both hinged to the end of the suspension shaft (41). The front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame share the same left hinge axis and the same right hinge axis; the clamping part (45) on the left side of the front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the left clamping plate (47), and the clamping part (45) on the right side of the front X-shaped frame and the rear X-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the right clamping plate (48). The length and spacing of the left clamping plate (47) and the right clamping plate (48) are matched to the need to clamp two rows of three concrete interlocking blocks.
4. The main paving mechanism of the slope paver according to claim 3, characterized in that: The suspension shaft (41) of the X-shaped clamp is hinged to a limiting rod. The lower middle part of the limiting rod is provided with a slot that is adapted to the central shaft (40). The upper part of the slot (52) is an inclined surface that facilitates the upward disengagement of the central shaft (40), and the lower part of the slot (52) is a plane.
5. The main paving mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance D1 between the left clamping plate (47) and the right clamping plate (48) and the width D2 of the two columns of concrete interlocking blocks satisfy 5 cm ≥ D1 - D2 ≥ 2 cm, and probe rods (53) are fixed at the bottom of the left clamping plate (47) and the right clamping plate (48).
6. The main paving mechanism of the slope paver according to claim 5, characterized in that: The longitudinal transfer frame (36) is equipped with a longitudinal transfer motor (39), which is connected to the left track wheel (37) or the right track wheel (38) through a transmission mechanism.