Electric machine, drive assembly and vehicle

Abstract

This application provides an electric motor, drive assembly, and vehicle capable of cooling windings. According to an example of this application, the electric motor includes: a housing having an oil inlet, a housing flow channel, and a first oil outlet, the housing flow channel communicating with the oil inlet and the first oil outlet; a rotating shaft, at least partially located within the housing and rotatably connected to the housing; a rotor assembly located within the housing and fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft; a stator assembly located within the housing and surrounding the rotor assembly, the stator assembly including a stator core and windings wound around the stator core; and an oil guide ring surrounding the outer circumference of the windings, the oil guide ring having a stator-side oil injection channel and an abutment portion, the stator-side oil injection channel communicating with the first oil outlet, the outlet of the stator-side oil injection channel facing the windings, and the abutment portion surrounding the inlet of the stator-side oil injection channel and the outer side of the first oil outlet, and abutting against the inner wall of the housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric motor technology, and more specifically, to an electric motor, a drive assembly, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the electric vehicle industry has experienced explosive growth. Market demands for vehicle power performance, driving range, and cost control have continuously increased, driving the development of electric vehicle powertrains towards higher speeds and higher power density. As the core power source of electric vehicles, the motor is also evolving towards miniaturization, lower cost, and higher power density. This trend has led to a significant increase in internal electromagnetic and mechanical losses, a sharp rise in heat density, and motor overheating has gradually become a key bottleneck restricting motor performance and overall vehicle power output.

[0003] In the internal structure of an electric motor, the windings are the core component that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The copper and iron losses generated during their operation are among the main sources of heat in the motor. Overheating of the windings leads to increased wire resistance, increased copper losses, and reduced motor efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an electric motor, a drive assembly, and a vehicle capable of cooling windings.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an electric motor, comprising:

[0006] The housing is provided with an oil inlet, a housing flow channel and a first oil outlet, wherein the housing flow channel connects the oil inlet and the first oil outlet;

[0007] A rotating shaft, at least partially located within the housing, is rotatably connected to the housing.

[0008] The rotor assembly is located inside the housing and is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft;

[0009] A stator assembly, located within the housing and surrounding the rotor assembly, includes a stator core and windings wound around the stator core;

[0010] An oil guide ring is arranged around the outer periphery of the winding. The oil guide ring has a stator-side oil injection channel and an abutment portion. The stator-side oil injection channel is connected to the first oil outlet. The outlet of the stator-side oil injection channel faces the winding. The abutment portion surrounds the inlet of the stator-side oil injection channel and the outside of the first oil outlet, and abuts against the inner wall of the housing.

[0011] Optionally, an oil cavity is formed between the abutting portion and the inner wall of the housing, and the stator-side oil injection channel communicates with the first oil outlet through the oil cavity.

[0012] Optionally, there may be multiple stator-side oil injection channels, which are distributed at circumferential intervals along the oil guide ring.

[0013] Optionally, the plurality of stator-side fuel injection channels include at least a first fuel injection channel and a second fuel injection channel. The minimum distance between the inlet of the first fuel injection channel and the first fuel outlet is a first distance, and the minimum distance between the inlet of the second fuel injection channel and the first fuel outlet is a second distance. The first distance is less than the second distance, and the inlet area of ​​the first fuel injection channel is less than the inlet area of ​​the second fuel injection channel.

[0014] Optionally, the multiple stator-side injection channels include a third injection channel closest to the first oil outlet, wherein the inlet of the third injection channel is offset from the first oil outlet.

[0015] Optionally, the third fuel injection channel extends radially along the oil guide ring, and the projected area of ​​the inlet of the third fuel injection channel does not coincide with the projected area of ​​the first fuel outlet in the radial direction of the oil guide ring.

[0016] Optionally, all of the stator-side oil injection channels are located above the central axis of the stator core.

[0017] Optionally, the oil guide ring is further provided with an oil return notch, which is located below the central axis of the stator core.

[0018] Optionally, the abutting portion includes two first protrusions extending circumferentially along the oil guide ring and two second protrusions extending axially along the oil guide ring; wherein the two first protrusions are spaced apart axially along the oil guide ring, the two second protrusions are spaced apart circumferentially along the oil guide ring, and each second protrusion is connected to the two first protrusions.

[0019] And / or, the oil guide ring abuts against the stator core;

[0020] And / or, the oil guide ring is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, wherein the mass fraction of glass fiber is 25% to 35%.

[0021] Optionally, the housing is further provided with a second oil outlet communicating with the housing flow channel, and the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating shaft oil passage communicating with the second oil outlet. The rotor assembly is provided with a connecting oil passage and a rotor side injection oil passage. The rotor side injection oil passage is connected to the rotating shaft oil passage through the connecting oil passage. The oil outlet of the rotor side injection oil passage is arranged facing the winding, and the angle between the extension direction of the rotor side injection oil passage and the axial direction of the rotating shaft is an acute angle.

[0022] Secondly, this application provides a drive assembly, comprising:

[0023] The motor as described in any of the above; and

[0024] A speed reducer is connected to the motor.

[0025] Thirdly, this application provides a vehicle, comprising:

[0026] Motors as described in any of the above items;

[0027] Or, as described above, the drive assembly.

[0028] The electric motor, drive assembly, and vehicle provided in this application have at least the following advantages:

[0029] Cooling media such as oil enters from the oil inlet of the housing, flows along the housing flow channel, and flows into the stator-side oil injection channel from the first oil outlet. Finally, it is sprayed from the stator-side oil injection channel onto the external windings, where it exchanges heat with the external windings, quickly carrying away the heat generated by the external windings, thereby cooling the external windings and preventing them from overheating. Furthermore, the abutment portion surrounds the outside of the stator-side oil injection channel inlet and the first oil outlet, and abuts against the inner wall of the housing. This not only fixes the position of the oil guide ring but also prevents oil leakage. In other words, this solution eliminates the need for an additional sealing ring, reducing the number of components and lowering costs. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drive assembly shown in one embodiment;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a drive assembly shown in one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil guide ring shown in one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the oil guide ring shown in one embodiment from another perspective;

[0035] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part B;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the rotating shaft shown in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of an end plate according to one embodiment.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, motor; 10, housing; 11, oil inlet; 12, housing flow channel; 13, first oil outlet; 14, second oil outlet; 20, shaft; 21, shaft flow channel; 22, first oil outlet hole; 23, shaft oil inlet; 30, rotor assembly; 31, end plate; 311, connecting flow channel; 312, rotor side oil spray channel; 313, first side; 314, second side; 32, rotor core; 40, stator assembly; 41, stator core; 42, winding; 421, external winding; 4211, first winding portion; 4212, second winding portion; 50, oil guide ring; 51, stator side oil spray channel; 52, abutment portion; 521, first protrusion; 522, second protrusion; 53, oil chamber; 54, oil return notch; 200, reducer. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments (or "implementations") of this application will be clearly and completely described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements.

[0040] If the embodiments of this application contain terms relating to directional indications or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, top, bottom, center, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, transverse, length, width, counterclockwise, clockwise, axial, radial, circumferential, etc.), such terms are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and movements between components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figures); if the specific posture changes, the directional indications or positional relationships will also change accordingly. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments of this application are only for descriptive convenience and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0041] This application provides an electric motor, a drive assembly, and a vehicle. The electric motor and drive assembly are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 This application provides an electric motor 100, which can be applied to drive assemblies and vehicles.

[0043] The motor 100 includes a housing 10, a shaft 20, a rotor assembly 30, a stator assembly 40, and an oil guide ring 50. The housing 10 constitutes the outer shell of the motor 100, used to house components such as the shaft 20, rotor assembly 30, and stator assembly 40. The housing 10 also serves to assemble the entire motor 100 into a vehicle, but is not limited thereto. The housing 10 is provided with an oil inlet 11, a housing 10 flow channel, and a first oil outlet 13. The housing 10 flow channel connects the oil inlet 11 and the first oil outlet 13; in other words, cooling media such as oil can flow sequentially along the oil inlet 11, the housing 10 flow channel, and the first oil outlet 13.

[0044] At least a portion of the rotating shaft 20 is located within the housing 10 and is rotatably connected to the housing 10. In other words, the entire structure of the rotating shaft 20 is located within the housing 10, or only a portion of the rotating shaft 20 is located within the housing 10. The rotating shaft 20 may be rotatably connected to the housing 10 via bearings, but is not limited thereto.

[0045] The rotor assembly 30 is located within the housing 10 and is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 20. The stator assembly 40 is located within the housing 10 and surrounds the rotor assembly 30. The stator assembly 40 includes a stator core 41 and windings 42 wound around the stator core 41. The windings 42 include an outer winding 421 located outside the stator core 41 and an inner winding 42 wound inside the stator core 41. When alternating current is applied to the windings 42, the resulting alternating magnetic flux interacts with the magnetic flux generated by the rotor assembly 30, allowing the rotor assembly 30 to rotate relative to the stator assembly 40. The rotor assembly 30 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 20, allowing the rotating shaft 20 to rotate relative to the stator assembly 40. When the motor 100 is operating, the stator assembly 40 remains stationary, while the rotor assembly 30 and the rotating shaft 20 rotate synchronously.

[0046] An oil guide ring 50 is arranged around the outer periphery of the winding 42. The oil guide ring 50 is provided with a stator-side oil injection channel 51 and an abutment portion 52. The stator-side oil injection channel 51 is connected to the first oil outlet 13. The outlet of the stator-side oil injection channel 51 faces the outer winding 421. The abutment portion 52 is arranged around the inlet of the stator-side oil injection channel 51 and the outer side of the first oil outlet 13, and abuts against the inner wall of the housing 10.

[0047] With this configuration, cooling media such as oil can enter from the oil inlet 11 of the housing 10, flow along the flow channel of the housing 10, and flow into the stator-side oil spray channel 51 from the first oil outlet 13. Finally, it is sprayed from the stator-side oil spray channel 51 onto the external winding 421, where it exchanges heat with the external winding 421, quickly removing the heat generated by the external winding 421, thereby cooling the external winding 421 and preventing its temperature from becoming too high. Furthermore, the abutment portion 52 surrounds the inlet of the stator-side oil spray channel 51 and the outside of the first oil outlet 13, and abuts against the inner wall of the housing 10. This not only fixes the position of the oil guide ring 50 but also prevents oil leakage. In other words, this solution eliminates the need for an additional sealing ring, reducing the number of components and lowering costs.

[0048] In one embodiment, the oil guide ring 50 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, wherein the mass fraction of glass fiber is 25% to 35%.

[0049] Glass fiber, as a reinforcing material, can significantly improve the tensile strength, compressive strength, and flexural stiffness of the plastic matrix. During the operation of the motor 100, the oil guide ring 50 needs to withstand the pressure of oil flow and mechanical vibration. High strength and stiffness can prevent it from deforming or breaking, ensuring the stability of the cooling system. Furthermore, the housing 10 is usually made of aluminum. During the operation of the motor 100, high temperatures will cause the oil guide ring 50 and the housing 10 to deform to different degrees, and the deformation of the oil guide ring 50 will be greater than that of the housing 10. This allows the abutting part 52 of the oil guide ring 50 to abut against the housing 10 more firmly, improving the sealing performance.

[0050] For example, the mass fraction of glass fiber can be 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, or 35%, but is not limited thereto.

[0051] In some specific embodiments, the oil guide ring 50 can be made of PA66 (polyamide) + 30GF (glass fiber), that is, 30% by weight of glass fiber is added to polyamide 66. Alternatively, the oil guide ring 50 can also be made of PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) + 30GF (glass fiber), that is, 30% by weight of glass fiber is added to polyphenylene sulfide, but it is not limited to these.

[0052] In one embodiment, an oil cavity 53 is formed between the abutment portion 52 and the inner wall of the housing 10, and the stator-side oil injection channel 51 is connected to the first oil outlet 13 through the oil cavity 53.

[0053] The oil chamber 53 serves as an intermediate oil storage space, mitigating pressure fluctuations in the oil circuit caused by the operation of the power system. When oil flows into the oil chamber 53 from the first oil outlet 13, the oil chamber 53 can temporarily store the oil and balance the pressure, avoiding unstable oil injection flow caused by sudden pressure changes when directly connected. This ensures that the stator-side oil injection channel 51 sprays oil to the external winding 421 with more uniform pressure and flow, improving cooling stability. Of course, in some other embodiments, the stator-side oil injection channel 51 can be directly connected to the first oil outlet 13 or indirectly connected through a pipeline.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 4 and combined Figures 1 to 3 Furthermore, there are multiple stator-side oil injection channels 51, which are distributed circumferentially along the oil guide ring 50. These multiple stator-side oil injection channels 51 allow oil to be sprayed onto the outer circumferential surface of the external winding 421 from different angles, thus cooling the external winding 421 from different angles and improving its cooling efficiency. Moreover, the multiple stator-side oil injection channels 51 can be uniformly supplied with oil through the oil chamber 53, eliminating the need for additional complex oil distribution pipes on the oil guide ring 50. This reduces the number of pipe joints and lowers the risk of leakage.

[0055] In one embodiment, the plurality of stator-side fuel injection channels 51 include at least a first fuel injection channel and a second fuel injection channel. The minimum distance between the inlet of the first fuel injection channel and the first fuel outlet 13 is a first distance, and the minimum distance between the inlet of the second fuel injection channel and the first fuel outlet 13 is a second distance. The first distance is less than the second distance, and the inlet area of ​​the first fuel injection channel is less than the inlet area of ​​the second fuel injection channel.

[0056] It is easy to understand that the stator-side oil injection channel 51, which is closer to the first oil outlet 13, has lower flow resistance and higher oil pressure, thus achieving a larger flow rate. Conversely, the stator-side oil injection channel 51, which is farther from the first oil outlet 13, experiences a significant decrease in flow rate due to pressure loss along the flow path. Therefore, in this design, the first oil injection channel is closer to the first oil outlet 13, but its inlet area is small, which actively limits the flow rate of the first oil injection channel and avoids over-injection. The second oil injection channel is farther from the first oil outlet 13, but its inlet area is larger, which actively increases the flow rate of the second oil injection channel to compensate for the pressure loss along the flow path. Thus, the solution provided in this embodiment can make the actual flow rates of the first and second oil injection channels as consistent as possible, thereby improving the uniformity of cooling of the winding 42.

[0057] Furthermore, when the number of stator-side injection channels 51 is N (N≥3), along the circumference of the oil guide ring 50, each stator injection channel is sorted in ascending order of the minimum distance between its inlet and the first oil outlet 13, and denoted as injection channels D1, D2, ..., D... N (where D1 is the closest, D) NTo balance the flow rate of each stator side injection passage 51 (farthest distance), the inlet area A of each stator injection passage is... N and distance D N Positively correlated, that is:

[0058] A1 < A2 < ... < A N Among them, A N Let DN be the inlet area of ​​the fuel injection channel.

[0059] In one embodiment, the plurality of stator-side fuel injection channels 51 include a third fuel injection channel that is closest to the first fuel outlet 13, and the inlet of the third fuel injection channel is offset from the first fuel outlet 13.

[0060] It is easy to understand that if the inlet of the third fuel injection channel is aligned with the first fuel outlet 13, the high-pressure oil will directly impact the inlet of the third fuel injection channel at high speed. This will cause the third fuel injection channel to over-suction oil, resulting in insufficient flow in the other stator-side fuel injection channels 51. In this solution, the misalignment between the inlet of the third fuel injection channel and the first fuel outlet 13 ensures that at least some of the oil cannot be directly injected into the third fuel injection channel. Instead, it impacts the wall of the oil chamber 53 and diffuses, forming a more uniform circulation before entering each stator-side fuel injection channel 51, thus making the flow in each stator fuel injection channel more balanced.

[0061] It should be noted that the "misalignment setting" here means that the central axis of the first oil outlet 13 does not coincide with the central axis of the third oil injection channel inlet. The third oil injection channel here and the aforementioned first oil injection channel can be the same stator-side oil injection channel 51, but are not limited to this.

[0062] Furthermore, the third injection channel extends radially along the oil guide ring 50, and the projected area of ​​the inlet of the third injection channel does not coincide with the projected area of ​​the first oil outlet 13 in the radial direction of the oil guide ring 50. Thus, after the oil is ejected from the first oil outlet 13, it first enters the oil chamber 53, and then is distributed through the oil chamber 53 to each stator-side injection channel 51 to further balance the flow rate of each stator injection channel.

[0063] In one embodiment, multiple stator-side oil injection channels 51 are located above the central axis of the stator core 41.

[0064] In this way, by arranging all the stator-side oil injection channels 51 above the central axis of the stator core 41 (i.e., the upper half of the motor 100), the oil can achieve an additional flow rate increase under the influence of gravity. Simultaneously, under the effect of gravity, the oil is less likely to deposit within the stator-side oil injection channels 51, reducing the clogging rate. Furthermore, under the effect of gravity, the oil can also flow to the winding 42 region below the central axis of the stator core 41 to cool the winding 42 in that region.

[0065] In one embodiment, the oil guide ring 50 is further provided with an oil return notch 54, which is located below the central axis of the stator core 41.

[0066] It is easy to understand that some oil may seep out of the oil cavity 53 and flow to other parts of the oil guide ring 50. At this time, the oil return gap 54 provides an outlet space for this part of the oil to avoid the oil accumulating in the oil guide ring 50.

[0067] In one embodiment, the oil guide ring 50 also abuts against the stator core 41. Thus, on the one hand, the oil guide ring 50 abuts against the end face of the stator core 41, which can serve as an axial assembly reference, simplifying the installation process; on the other hand, it can save space and is conducive to the miniaturization of the overall structure.

[0068] In one embodiment, there may be two oil guide rings 50, with the two oil guide rings 50 located on opposite sides of the stator core 41 along its axial direction. That is, one oil guide ring 50 is located on one side of the stator core 41 along its axial direction, and the other oil guide ring 50 is located on the other side of the stator core 41 along its axial direction, which will not be described in detail here.

[0069] In one embodiment, the abutment portion 52 includes two first protrusions 521 extending circumferentially along the oil guide ring 50 and two second protrusions 522 extending axially along the oil guide ring 50; wherein the two first protrusions 521 are spaced apart axially along the oil guide ring 50, and the two second protrusions 522 are spaced apart circumferentially along the oil guide ring 50, and each second protrusion 522 is connected to the two first protrusions 521.

[0070] Thus, the first protrusion 521 provides a radial seal to prevent oil leakage along the outer wall of the oil guide ring 50, and the second protrusion 522 provides an axial seal to prevent oil leakage from the end face of the oil guide ring 50. Furthermore, the first protrusion 521 and the second protrusion 522 are connected to form a rectangular or "well"-shaped frame structure, which can improve the overall structural strength of the oil guide ring 50.

[0071] Please refer to Figures 6 to 8 and combined Figure 2 In one embodiment, the housing 10 is further provided with a second oil outlet 14 communicating with the flow channel of the housing 10, and the rotating shaft 20 is provided with a rotating shaft flow channel 21 communicating with the second oil outlet 14. Specifically, the end of the rotating shaft 20 is provided with a rotating shaft oil inlet 23, which communicates with the rotating shaft flow channel 21 and the second oil outlet 14. The second oil outlet 14 can be communicated with the rotating shaft oil inlet 23 through an oil guide pipe, but is not limited thereto.

[0072] The rotor assembly 30 is provided with a connecting oil passage and a rotor-side oil injection passage 312. The rotor-side oil injection passage 312 is connected to the shaft flow passage 21 through the connecting oil passage. The oil outlet of the rotor-side oil injection passage 312 is oriented towards the winding 42, and the angle between the extending direction of the rotor-side oil injection passage 312 and the axial direction of the shaft 20 is an acute angle (please refer to...). Figure 6 (α shown).

[0073] As described above, the rotating shaft 20 has a shaft flow channel 21 inside. When the rotating shaft 20 rotates, the oil in the shaft flow channel 21 is subjected to centrifugal force, allowing the oil to enter the connecting flow channel 311 from the shaft flow channel 21 and then be sprayed out from the rotor-side oil spray channel 312. Since the outlet of the rotor-side oil spray channel 312 faces the winding 42, the oil sprayed from the rotor-side oil spray channel 312 can wash the external winding 421 and exchange heat with the external winding 421, thereby cooling the external winding 421. Furthermore, the angle between the extension direction of the rotor-side oil spray channel 312 and the axis of the rotating shaft 20 is an acute angle. This means that when the oil is sprayed out from the rotor-side oil spray channel 312, it has not only an initial radial velocity but also an initial axial velocity. The oil can wash the external winding 421 with a larger contact area. Compared with oil sprayed only radially, this solution can improve the cooling efficiency of the winding 42.

[0074] In summary, the stator-side oil injection channel 51 of the oil guide ring 50 can spray oil onto the outer peripheral surface of the external winding 421, and the rotor-side oil injection channel 312 of the end plate 31 can spray oil onto the inner peripheral surface of the external winding 421, so as to achieve simultaneous cooling of the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the external winding 421 and improve the cooling effect.

[0075] It should be noted that the aforementioned acute angle can be 30°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 60°, etc., but is not limited to these. Furthermore, the aforementioned radial direction refers to the radial direction of the rotating shaft 20; the aforementioned axial direction refers to the direction of the central axis of the rotating shaft 20. Unless otherwise explained, the following radial and axial directions refer to this explanation and will not be elaborated further.

[0076] In one embodiment, the rotor assembly 30 includes a rotor core 32 and two end plates 31, with the rotor core 32 located between the two end plates 31. Each end plate 31 has the aforementioned connecting flow channel 311 and rotor-side oil injection channel 312. In other words, the two end plates 31 are respectively mounted on both sides of the rotor core 32 along its axial direction, and the end plates 31 perform the dual functions of supporting the rotor core 32 and guiding the oil.

[0077] With this configuration, both end plates 31 have rotor-side oil injection channels 312, which can cool the external windings 421 at both ends of the winding 42. Furthermore, the connecting flow channel 311 and the rotor-side oil injection channel 312 are directly machined into the end plate 31, without the need for additional changes to the structure of the rotor core 32, which facilitates processing.

[0078] Furthermore, the end plate 31 includes a first side 313 facing the rotor core 32 and a second side 314 facing away from the rotor core 32, with the first side 313 being closer to the connecting channel 311 than the second side 314. In other words, the connecting channel 311 is closer to the first side 313 than the second side 314.

[0079] It is easy to understand that the rotor-side injection passage 312 extends not only radially but also axially, requiring space in the axial direction (i.e., the thickness direction of the end plate 31) of the end plate 31. Therefore, by positioning the connecting passage 311 close to the first side 313, axial space in the end plate 31 can be saved, providing more space for the rotor-side injection passage 312 and avoiding excessive axial dimensions of the end plate 31. Thus, this design also facilitates the miniaturization of the overall structure.

[0080] Furthermore, the connecting channel 311 extends radially along the end plate 31. On the one hand, the connecting channel 311 extends only radially, which avoids occupying axial space and is beneficial for the miniaturization of the motor 100. On the other hand, when the shaft 20 and the rotor assembly 30 rotate, the direction of the centrifugal force is consistent with the direction of the connecting channel 311, which makes it easier for the oil in the shaft channel 21 to enter the connecting channel 311 and allows the oil to flow smoothly along the connecting channel 311, avoiding local blockage caused by the bending of the connecting channel 311 and improving the long-term reliability of the cooling system.

[0081] In one embodiment, the angle between the extending direction of the rotor-side injection passage 312 and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 20 is in the range of 30° to 60°.

[0082] It is easy to understand that if the included angle is too small (e.g., close to 0°, axial spray), the oil flows along the rotor axis and has difficulty reaching the outer winding 421; if the included angle is too large (e.g., close to 90°, pure radial spray), the axial coverage of the oil is limited, and it can only scour a local winding 42. An angle range of 30° to 60° ensures that the oil has both sufficient radial velocity to penetrate the gap in the outer winding 421 and axial velocity to expand the coverage length, so as to achieve more effective cooling of the winding 42.

[0083] For example, the angle between the extension direction of the rotor-side oil injection passage 312 and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 20 can be 30°, 40°, 50°, or 60°, but is not limited to this.

[0084] In one embodiment, the central axis of the rotor-side fuel injection passage 312 along its length direction intersects with the external winding 421. That is, if the rotor-side fuel injection passage 312 is extended along its central axis, the rotor-side fuel injection passage 312 can intersect with the external winding 421.

[0085] When the central axis of the rotor-side oil injection channel 312 along its length does not intersect with the external winding 421, the oil may only brush against the external winding 421 with a very small contact area, resulting in a significant reduction in cooling effect. Therefore, the solution provided in this embodiment ensures that the oil sprayed from the rotor-side oil injection channel 312 can directly impact the surface of the external winding 421, thereby increasing the contact area between the oil and the surface of the external winding 421 and efficiently removing the heat generated by the external winding 421. Furthermore, after the oil impacts the external winding 421, it will splash to form fine oil droplets / mist, which, under the action of centrifugal force and airflow, cover a larger area, thereby increasing the contact area between the oil and the external winding 421 and improving the overall cooling effect of the winding 42.

[0086] Furthermore, the external winding 421 includes a first winding portion 4211 away from the stator core 41 and a second winding portion 4212 adjacent to the stator core 41, and the central axis of the rotor-side oil injection passage 312 along its length direction intersects the area where the first winding portion 4211 is located.

[0087] As is easily understood, the first winding portion 4211 is far from the stator core 41 and cannot directly conduct heat through the stator core 41. Furthermore, due to the edge and end effects of the electromagnetic field, its current density and resistance loss are often higher, and its temperature is typically higher than other winding portions. Therefore, the solution provided in this embodiment ensures that the oil jet can directly and accurately impact this critical hot spot area (the first winding portion 4211), thereby more effectively cooling the first winding portion 4211.

[0088] In one embodiment, the rotating shaft 20 is further provided with a first oil outlet 22, which connects the rotating shaft flow channel 21 and the flow channel 311. Furthermore, the diameter of the first oil outlet 22 is larger than the maximum inner diameter of the flow channel 311.

[0089] Thus, during assembly, the first oil outlet 22 of the rotating shaft 20 and the connecting flow channel 311 of the end plate 31 may have an alignment error, which may lead to flow loss. However, when the diameter of the first oil outlet 22 is larger than the maximum inner diameter of the connecting flow channel 311, the potential alignment deviation between the oil outlet and the connecting flow channel 311 can be allowed, thereby improving the assembly error tolerance and reducing the assembly accuracy requirements and costs.

[0090] Furthermore, the first oil outlet 22 is circular, and the cross-section of the connecting channel 311 is square. The circular first oil outlet 22 is easy to machine on the rotating shaft 20 by drilling, which is low-cost and high-precision; while the square-section connecting channel 311 is easier to form on the end plate 31 by casting or milling, which is easy to manufacture and produce.

[0091] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8Secondly, this application also provides a drive assembly, which includes a motor 100 and a reducer 200 as described in any of the above embodiments or implementations. The output end of the rotating shaft 20 of the motor 100 is connected to the power input shaft of the reducer 200, and the motor 100 can transmit power to the power input shaft when it is working. Alternatively, the rotating shaft 20 of the motor 100 can be integrally formed with the power input shaft of the reducer 200, but it is not limited to this.

[0092] The reducer 200 and the motor 100 can be separate or integrated into one unit. In one specific embodiment, the reducer 200 and the motor 100 are integrated, and at least a portion of the reducer 200 is also housed within the housing 10.

[0093] In one embodiment, the powertrain may further include an oil pump and a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger being used to cool the returning cooling oil and the oil pump being used to drive the cooling oil to flow in the oil passage.

[0094] Specifically, the housing 10 also includes an oil return port at the bottom. The oil pump and heat exchanger are both located at the bottom of the housing 10. The heat exchanger is connected to the oil return port, the oil pump is connected to the heat exchanger, and the oil inlet 11 is connected to the heat exchanger, so as to input the oil cooled by the heat exchanger into the housing flow channel 12, and then deliver it to the required components.

[0095] Thirdly, this application also provides a vehicle including the motor 100 or drive assembly described in any of the above claims.

[0096] The vehicle can be a car, truck, van, SUV, or any other type of vehicle equipped with a battery. In one embodiment, the vehicle is a high-voltage traction battery-powered electric vehicle (e.g., a battery electric vehicle (BEV), a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), etc.). In another embodiment, the vehicle is an autonomous vehicle, wherein the vehicle's maneuverability is controlled without direct input from a human driver.

[0097] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An electric motor, characterized in that, include: The housing is provided with an oil inlet, a housing flow channel and a first oil outlet, wherein the housing flow channel connects the oil inlet and the first oil outlet; A rotating shaft, at least partially located within the housing, is rotatably connected to the housing. The rotor assembly is located inside the housing and is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft; A stator assembly, located within the housing and surrounding the rotor assembly, includes a stator core and windings wound around the stator core; An oil guide ring is arranged around the outer periphery of the winding. The oil guide ring has a stator-side oil injection channel and an abutment portion. The stator-side oil injection channel is connected to the first oil outlet. The outlet of the stator-side oil injection channel faces the winding. The abutment portion surrounds the inlet of the stator-side oil injection channel and the outside of the first oil outlet, and abuts against the inner wall of the housing.

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, An oil cavity is formed between the abutting part and the inner wall of the housing, and the stator-side oil injection channel communicates with the first oil outlet through the oil cavity.

3. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stator-side oil injection channels are multiple, and the multiple stator-side oil injection channels are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the oil guide ring.

4. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plurality of stator-side fuel injection channels include at least a first fuel injection channel and a second fuel injection channel. The minimum distance between the inlet of the first fuel injection channel and the first fuel outlet is a first distance, and the minimum distance between the inlet of the second fuel injection channel and the first fuel outlet is a second distance. The first distance is less than the second distance, and the inlet area of ​​the first fuel injection channel is less than the inlet area of ​​the second fuel injection channel.

5. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stator-side oil injection channels include a third oil injection channel that is closest to the first oil outlet, and the inlet of the third oil injection channel is offset from the first oil outlet.

6. The motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third fuel injection channel extends radially along the oil guide ring, and the projected area of ​​the inlet of the third fuel injection channel does not coincide with the projected area of ​​the first fuel outlet along the radial direction of the oil guide ring.

7. The motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multiple stator-side oil injection channels are all located above the central axis of the stator core.

8. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The oil guide ring is also provided with an oil return notch, which is located below the central axis of the stator core.

9. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abutting portion includes two first protrusions extending circumferentially along the oil guide ring and two second protrusions extending axially along the oil guide ring; wherein, the two first protrusions are spaced apart axially along the oil guide ring, and the two second protrusions are spaced apart circumferentially along the oil guide ring, and each second protrusion is connected to the two first protrusions. And / or, the oil guide ring abuts against the stator core; And / or, the oil guide ring is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, wherein the mass fraction of glass fiber is 25% to 35%.

10. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The housing is also provided with a second oil outlet communicating with the housing flow channel. The rotating shaft is provided with a rotating shaft oil passage communicating with the second oil outlet. The rotor assembly is provided with a connecting oil passage and a rotor side injection oil passage. The rotor side injection oil passage is connected to the rotating shaft oil passage through the connecting oil passage. The oil outlet of the rotor side injection oil passage is arranged facing the winding, and the angle between the extension direction of the rotor side injection oil passage and the axial direction of the rotating shaft is an acute angle.

11. A drive assembly, characterized in that, include: The motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; and A speed reducer is connected to the motor.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The motor as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; Or, the drive assembly as described in claim 11.

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