Firestop, battery pack and energy storage device

Abstract

This application relates to the field of battery technology, specifically disclosing a flame arrester, a battery pack, and an energy storage device. The battery pack includes a battery pack casing, battery cells, and an explosion-proof valve. The battery cells are installed inside the battery pack casing, and the explosion-proof valve is installed on the battery pack casing. The flame arrester includes a flame arrester housing, a first flame arresting core, and a second flame arresting core. The flame arrester housing has an airflow channel, and both the first and second flame arresting cores are installed within the airflow channel, with the first and second flame arresting cores spaced apart. The flame arrester housing is configured to be installed on the battery pack casing, and the airflow channel is positioned opposite the explosion-proof valve. The aforementioned flame arrester can effectively prevent fires from spreading through the battery pack, reducing the risk of fires outside the battery pack caused by flames or molten particles erupting from inside the battery pack, thus improving the safety of the battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a flame arrester, a battery pack, and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, when a battery experiences thermal runaway, a very high amount of energy is instantly generated inside the battery, accompanied by the combustion of high-temperature gases and solid particles, which can easily cause catastrophic accidents such as fires and explosions, posing a significant safety hazard. For example, in energy storage power supplies, when the battery in the energy storage power supply is stimulated by external environmental factors (such as mechanical, electrical, or thermal effects), the battery cell will produce a large amount of high-temperature runaway gas and particle mixture, which will be ejected as combustion flames and high-temperature sparks, thereby causing a fire or explosion. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, this application provides a flame arrester, a battery pack, and an energy storage device to improve the technical problems of existing battery packs being prone to fire and having poor safety.

[0004] One embodiment of this application provides a flame arrester. The flame arrester is applied to a battery pack. The battery pack includes a battery pack casing, battery cells, and an explosion-proof valve. The battery cells are installed inside the battery pack casing, and the explosion-proof valve is installed in the battery pack casing and configured to connect the interior of the battery pack casing to the external environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells. The flame arrester includes a flame arrester housing, a first flame arrestor core, and a second flame arrestor core. The flame arrester housing has an airflow channel, and both the first and second flame arrestor cores are installed in the airflow channel, with the first and second flame arrestor cores spaced apart. The flame arrester housing is configured to be installed in the battery pack casing, and the airflow channel is opposite to the explosion-proof valve. When the battery cells experience thermal runaway, the combustion ejecta generated by the battery cells can flow along the airflow channel and pass sequentially through the first and second flame arrestor cores. The flame arrester housing, the first flame arrestor core, and the second flame arrestor core jointly absorb the heat of the combustion ejecta, and the first and second flame arrestor cores jointly filter the combustion ejecta to prevent the spread of flames generated by the combustion ejecta.

[0005] When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, it produces combustible ejecta (specifically, high-temperature gases and burning particles). This ejecta rushes through the explosion-proof valve into the flame arrester's airflow channel. The first and second flame arrestor cores intercept and retain the burning particles within the airflow channel (i.e., filter the burning particles from the high-temperature gas). Simultaneously, the flame arrester housing, the first flame arrestor core, and the second flame arrestor core collectively absorb the heat from the burning particles, lowering their temperature below their ignition point and hindering the spread of flames generated by the ejecta. This effectively prevents flame spread within the battery pack, reducing the risk of external fires caused by flames or molten particles erupting from inside the battery pack, thus improving battery pack safety.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, the first flame arrestor core is provided with a first channel, and the second flame arrestor core is provided with a second channel. Along the jetting direction of the burning ejected material, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel.

[0007] Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel is larger than that of the second channel, when the combustion ejection flows along the airflow channel, the first flame arrestor core performs preliminary screening of the combustion particles in the combustion ejection through the first channel (filtering out larger combustion particles). The second flame arrestor core performs fine screening of the combustion particles in the combustion ejection through the second channel (filtering out smaller combustion particles). By adopting a "coarse screening-fine screening" filtration method, not only is the risk of combustion particles clogging the first and second flame arrestor cores reduced, but the interception rate of combustion particles in the combustion ejection is also improved, thus enhancing the flame arrestor's flame-arresting effect and reducing the risk of combustion particles being ejected to the outside of the battery pack casing.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the first flame-arresting core is constructed as a metallic component. The second flame-arresting core is constructed as a non-metallic component. Both the first and second flame-arresting cores are constructed as a loose, porous structure.

[0009] The first flame arrestor core utilizes the high thermal conductivity of metal to rapidly absorb the heat from burning particles. The second flame arrestor core utilizes the low coefficient of thermal expansion of non-metals to maintain the stability of its porous structure at high temperatures, precisely intercepting residual burning particles. By employing a composite flame arrestor core of "metal + non-metal" (specifically referring to the first and second flame arrestor cores), the problem of insufficient high-temperature resistance of single-stage metal flame arrestor cores can be overcome, thus improving the flame arrestor's flame-arresting effect.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the first fire-arresting core is any one of a stainless steel corrugated fire-arresting core, a metal wire mesh fire-arresting core, a stainless steel powder sintered fire-arresting core, or a brass powder sintered fire-arresting core. The second fire-arresting core is any one of a basalt fiber fire-arresting core, an aluminum silicate fiber fire-arresting core, a glass fiber cloth fire-arresting core, or a high-silica fiber fire-arresting core.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the flame arrester housing has an inlet end and an outlet end disposed opposite to each other, the inlet end being configured to abut against the battery pack housing. An airflow passage extends through the inlet end and the outlet end. The airflow passage is constructed with a gradually expanding structure. The cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow passage along the direction of combustion gradually increases from the inlet end to the outlet end.

[0012] By employing a gradually expanding airflow channel, the cross-sectional area of ​​the combustion ejection material can be increased, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the combustion ejection material. This increases the residence time of the combustion ejection material within the flame arrester, allowing the flame arrester shell, first flame arrestor core, and second flame arrestor core to absorb more heat. Furthermore, it reduces the risk of combustion particles in the combustion ejection material breaking through the corresponding flame arrestor cores (specifically the first and second flame arrestor cores) and surging to the outside due to excessive flow velocity, thus improving the flame arrester's flame-arresting effect.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the flame arrester housing includes a first sub-shell and a second sub-shell. The first sub-shell is configured to be installed on the battery pack housing, and the second sub-shell is connected to the first sub-shell. The first sub-shell has a first sub-channel, and the second sub-shell has a second sub-channel communicating with the first sub-channel. The first and second sub-channels together form an airflow channel. A first flame arrestor core is installed in the first sub-channel, and a second flame arrestor core is installed in the second sub-channel.

[0014] The flame arrester housing adopts a segmented structure, with the first and second flame arrestor cores respectively installed in corresponding sub-shells (specifically, the first and second sub-shells). This facilitates the inspection or replacement of the corresponding flame arrestor cores by production and installation personnel. For example, when the first flame arrestor core is damaged or fails, production and installation personnel only need to disassemble the first sub-shell and replace the first flame arrestor core, without having to replace the entire flame arrester.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the flame arrester further includes multiple heat dissipation fins, which are arranged on the outer wall of the flame arrester housing.

[0016] By setting up heat dissipation fins, the heat absorbed by the flame arrester housing can be quickly dissipated, thereby reducing the risk of the flame arrester's flame-arresting effect weakening due to excessively high temperature, and thus improving the flame-arresting effect of the flame arrester.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the flame arrester further includes an end cap, which is disposed on the outlet end of the flame arrester housing and has a through hole for gas flow.

[0018] By installing end caps, the risk of external contaminants (such as dust, fallen leaves, etc.) entering the airflow channel and causing blockage of the first and second flame arrestor cores can be reduced, which helps to ensure the stable operation of the flame arrester and extend its service life.

[0019] One embodiment of this application provides a battery pack. The battery pack includes a battery pack housing, battery cells, an explosion-proof valve, and a flame arrester as described in any of the above embodiments. The battery cells are installed inside the battery pack housing, and the explosion-proof valve is installed in the battery pack housing. The explosion-proof valve is configured to connect the interior of the battery pack to the external environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells. The flame arrester is installed in the battery pack housing, and the airflow passage in the flame arrester is opposite to the explosion-proof valve.

[0020] The aforementioned battery pack utilizes the flame arrester described above. When a cell experiences thermal runaway, the cell generates combustion ejecta (specifically, high-temperature gases and burning particles). This ejecta flows through the explosion-proof valve into the flame arrester's airflow channel. The first and second flame arrestor cores intercept and retain the burning particles in the ejecta within the airflow channel (i.e., filtering the burning particles from the high-temperature gas). Simultaneously, the flame arrester housing, the first flame arrestor core, and the second flame arrestor core collectively absorb the heat from the burning particles, lowering their temperature below their ignition point to prevent the spread of flames generated by the ejecta. This effectively prevents flame spread within the battery pack, reducing the risk of external fires caused by flames or molten particles erupting from inside the battery pack, thus improving the battery pack's safety.

[0021] One embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device. The energy storage device includes a housing and a battery pack as described above, with the battery pack installed inside the housing.

[0022] The aforementioned energy storage device utilizes the aforementioned battery pack. When a cell experiences thermal runaway, the cell generates combustion ejecta (specifically, high-temperature gases and burning particles). This ejecta flows through an explosion-proof valve into the airflow channel of the flame arrester. The first and second flame arrestor cores intercept and retain the burning particles in the ejecta within the airflow channel (i.e., filtering the burning particles from the high-temperature gas). Simultaneously, the flame arrester housing, the first flame arrestor core, and the second flame arrestor core jointly absorb the heat from the burning particles, lowering their temperature below their ignition point to prevent the spread of flames generated by the ejecta. This effectively prevents flame spread within the battery pack, reducing the risk of fires outside the battery pack caused by flames or molten particles erupting from within the pack, thus improving the safety of the battery pack and consequently, the safety of the energy storage device. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery pack structure is provided for one embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1The diagram shows the exploded structural design of the battery pack.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional structure of the battery pack after it has been cut along line III-III.

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a flame arrester is provided for one embodiment of this application.

[0028] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0029] 100. Battery pack; 10. Battery pack casing; 20. Battery cell; 30. Explosion-proof valve; 40. Flame arrester; 41. Flame arrester casing; 42. First flame arrester core; 43. Second flame arrester core; 44. End cap; 411. Airflow channel; 412. Inlet end; 413. Outlet end; 414. First sub-casing; 415. Second sub-casing; 421. First channel; 431. Second channel; 441. Through hole; 4111. First sub-channel; 4112. Second sub-channel. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0032] In related technologies, when a battery experiences thermal runaway, a very high amount of energy is instantly generated inside the battery, accompanied by the combustion of high-temperature gases and solid particles, which can easily cause catastrophic accidents such as fires and explosions, posing a significant safety hazard. For example, in energy storage power supplies, when the battery in the energy storage power supply is stimulated by external environmental factors (such as mechanical, electrical, or thermal effects), the battery cell will produce a large amount of high-temperature runaway gas and particle mixture, which will be ejected as combustion flames and high-temperature sparks, thereby causing a fire or explosion.

[0033] One embodiment of this application provides a flame arrester. The flame arrester is applied to a battery pack. The battery pack includes a battery pack casing, battery cells, and an explosion-proof valve. The battery cells are installed inside the battery pack casing, and the explosion-proof valve is installed in the battery pack casing and configured to connect the interior of the battery pack casing to the external environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells. The flame arrester includes a flame arrester housing, a first flame arrestor core, and a second flame arrestor core. The flame arrester housing has an airflow channel, and both the first and second flame arrestor cores are installed in the airflow channel, with the first and second flame arrestor cores spaced apart. The flame arrester housing is configured to be installed in the battery pack casing, and the airflow channel is opposite to the explosion-proof valve. When the battery cells experience thermal runaway, the combustion ejecta generated by the battery cells can flow along the airflow channel and pass sequentially through the first and second flame arrestor cores. The flame arrester housing, the first flame arrestor core, and the second flame arrestor core jointly absorb the heat of the combustion ejecta, and the first and second flame arrestor cores jointly filter the combustion ejecta to prevent the spread of flames generated by the combustion ejecta.

[0034] When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, it produces combustible ejecta (specifically, high-temperature gases and burning particles). This ejecta rushes through the explosion-proof valve into the flame arrester's airflow channel. The first and second flame arrestor cores intercept and retain the burning particles within the airflow channel (i.e., filter the burning particles from the high-temperature gas). Simultaneously, the flame arrester housing, the first flame arrestor core, and the second flame arrestor core collectively absorb the heat from the burning particles, lowering their temperature below their ignition point and hindering the spread of flames generated by the ejecta. This effectively prevents flame spread within the battery pack, reducing the risk of external fires caused by flames or molten particles erupting from inside the battery pack, thus improving battery pack safety.

[0035] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0036] One embodiment of this application provides an energy storage device (not shown). The energy storage device has the functions of storing and discharging electricity for use as backup power for homes, production facilities, outdoor work, and outdoor recreation. In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes a housing (not shown) and a battery pack 100, which is installed inside the housing. The battery pack 100 is used to store and supply electricity to the energy storage device.

[0037] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes a power conversion module (not shown) electrically connected to the battery pack 100. The power conversion module is used to control the AC / DC conversion of the output current of the battery pack 100. The energy storage device equipped with the power conversion module can be a small portable power bank, a residential energy storage power supply, an industrial or commercial energy storage power supply, or a containerized energy storage power supply, etc.

[0038] In some embodiments, the power conversion module may be omitted. Energy storage devices without a power conversion module can be used independently. Energy storage devices without a power conversion module typically only output DC power. When used independently, energy storage devices without a power conversion module can be used in conjunction with energy storage devices that have a power conversion module as a power system providing additional battery capacity.

[0039] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, the battery pack 100 includes a battery pack housing 10 and battery cells 20. The battery cells 20 are installed inside the battery pack housing 10. The battery pack housing 10 isolates the battery cells 20 from the external environment.

[0040] In some embodiments, the battery pack 100 further includes an explosion-proof valve 30, which is mounted on the battery pack housing 10. The explosion-proof valve 30 is configured to connect the internal environment of the battery pack 100 to the external environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 20.

[0041] In other words, the explosion-proof valve 30 can connect the interior of the battery pack 100 with the external environment when thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 occurs, so as to form a pressure relief channel for continuous gas outflow (not shown).

[0042] Understandably, when cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, it will produce combustion ejecta (specifically, high-temperature gases and combustion particles, such as the melted outer casing of cell 20, molten internal materials, etc.). At this time, the explosion-proof valve 30 connects the interior of the battery pack 100 with the external environment and forms a pressure relief channel, through which the combustion ejecta are continuously discharged to the outside of the battery pack casing 10.

[0043] By setting the explosion-proof valve 30, the combustion ejected by the battery cell 20 can be discharged in time, which helps to reduce the risk of damage or explosion of the battery pack casing 10 due to excessive internal pressure, and improves the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0044] It should be noted that the explosion-proof valve 30 can be a metal spring return valve, a non-metallic explosion-proof valve, or a vent valve, etc. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0045] Please continue to refer to the following: Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, the battery pack 100 further includes a flame arrester 40. The flame arrester 40 includes a flame arrester housing 41, a first flame arrester core 42, and a second flame arrester core 43. The flame arrester housing 41 is provided with an airflow channel 411, and the first flame arrester core 42 and the second flame arrester core 43 are both installed in the airflow channel 411, and the first flame arrester core 42 and the second flame arrester core 43 are distributed at intervals.

[0046] The flame arrester housing 41 is installed on the battery pack housing 10, and the airflow channel 411 is positioned opposite the explosion-proof valve 30. It is worth noting that the airflow channel 411 is positioned opposite the explosion-proof valve 30, specifically meaning that along the direction of the ejection of the burning material, the projection of the explosion-proof valve 30 is located within the airflow channel 411.

[0047] Understandably, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 20, the combustion ejecta (specifically, high-temperature gas and combustion particles) generated by the battery cell 20 will surge through the explosion-proof valve 30 into the airflow channel 411 of the flame arrester 40. The first flame arrestor core 42 and the second flame arrestor core 43 intercept and retain the combustion particles in the combustion ejecta within the airflow channel 411 (i.e., filter the combustion particles in the high-temperature gas). At the same time, the flame arrester housing 41, the first flame arrestor core 42, and the second flame arrestor core 43 together absorb the heat from the combustion particles, reducing the temperature of the combustion particles below their ignition point, thereby hindering the spread of flame generated by the combustion ejecta.

[0048] By setting the flame arrester 40, the battery pack 100 can be effectively flame-arrested, reducing the risk of fire on the outside of the battery pack 100 caused by flames or molten particles ejected from inside the battery pack 100, and improving the safety of the battery pack 100.

[0049] In some embodiments, the flame arrester housing 41 and the battery pack housing 10 are connected by a detachable connection, such as a threaded connection, which facilitates subsequent assembly and disassembly by production and installation personnel. In other embodiments, the flame arrester housing 41 and the battery pack housing 10 may also be connected by a non-detachable connection, such as welding, which helps to ensure the sealing of the airflow channel 411.

[0050] In other embodiments, the flame arrester 40 may also be provided with a third flame arresting core, a fourth flame arresting core, etc. In other words, the flame arrester 40 may also be provided with 3, 4, or other numbers of flame arresting cores. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0051] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the first flame arrestor core 42 is provided with a first channel 421, and the second flame arrestor core 43 is provided with a second channel 431. Along the direction of the ejection of the burning material, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel 421 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel 431.

[0052] When the combustion ejection material is ejected along the airflow channel 411, the first flame arrestor core 42 performs a preliminary screening of the combustion particles in the combustion ejection material through the first channel 421 (filtering out larger combustion particles). The second flame arrestor core 43 performs a fine screening of the combustion particles in the combustion ejection material through the second channel 431 (filtering out smaller combustion particles).

[0053] By setting the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel 421 to be larger than that of the second channel 431, the flame arrester 40 can achieve "coarse sieving-fine sieving" of the combustion ejection. This not only helps reduce the risk of combustion particles clogging the first flame arrestor core 42 and the second flame arrestor core 43, but also helps improve the interception rate of combustion particles in the combustion ejection by the flame arrester 40, thus better improving the flame arresting effect of the flame arrester 40 and reducing the risk of combustion particles surging to the outside of the battery pack casing 10.

[0054] For example, the first flame arrestor core 42 is circular in shape, and the first channel 421 in the first flame arrestor core 42 is a triangular channel. Specifically, the first flame arrestor core 42 is formed by corrugated thin plate material and flat plate material alternately wound along the radial direction of the first flame arrestor core 42 on the central axis of the first flame arrestor core 42, forming a plurality of triangular pores (i.e. a plurality of first channels 421 with a triangular cross-section).

[0055] The second flame arrestor core 43 has the same structure as the first flame arrestor core 42, that is, the second flame arrestor core 43 is circular, and the second channel 431 in the second flame arrestor core 43 is also a triangular channel. Among them, the cross-sectional area of ​​the triangular channel in the first flame arrestor core 42 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the triangular channel in the second flame arrestor core 43, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel 421 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second channel 431.

[0056] In other embodiments, the structures of the first flame arrestor core 42 and the second flame arrestor core 43 may also be different. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first flame-arresting core 42 is constructed as a metal component, and the second flame-arresting core 43 is constructed as a non-metallic component. Both the first flame-arresting core 42 and the second flame-arresting core 43 are constructed as a loose, porous structure.

[0058] By adopting a composite flame arrestor core of "metal + non-metal" (specifically referring to the first flame arrestor core 42 and the second flame arrestor core 43), the problem of insufficient high temperature resistance of the single-stage metal flame arrestor core (specifically referring to the first flame arrestor core 42) can be made up for, which is conducive to improving the flame arrestor effect of the flame arrestor 40.

[0059] Understandably, when the burning ejecta rushes into the airflow channel 411, the first flame arrestor core 42 can utilize the high thermal conductivity of metal to quickly absorb the heat from the burning particles. Meanwhile, the second flame arrestor core 43 can utilize the low thermal expansion coefficient of non-metals to maintain the stability of its own pore structure at high temperatures, thereby achieving precise interception of residual burning particles and thus better hindering the spread of flames generated by the burning ejecta.

[0060] It should be noted that the above-mentioned metal flame arrestor core is not resistant to high temperatures. Specifically, the first flame arrestor core 42 of the metal component is prone to softening and deformation under long-term high temperatures, which leads to a decrease in the flame arresting effect of the first flame arrestor core 42.

[0061] In some embodiments, the first flame-arresting core 42 is a corrugated stainless steel flame-arresting core, which has high mechanical strength. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first flame-arresting core 42 is a metal wire mesh flame-arresting core, which is flexible, easy to install, and inexpensive. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first flame-arresting core 42 is a sintered stainless steel powder flame-arresting core, which has strong corrosion resistance and is an integrated, weld-free design. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the first flame-arresting core 42 is a sintered brass powder flame-arresting core, which has high thermal conductivity and good electromagnetic shielding compatibility.

[0062] In some embodiments, the second flame-arresting core 43 is a basalt fiber flame-arresting core, which has strong high-temperature resistance and is environmentally friendly and non-toxic. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second flame-arresting core 43 is an aluminosilicate fiber flame-arresting core, which has strong thermal shock resistance and is not easily broken. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second flame-arresting core 43 is a glass fiber cloth flame-arresting core, which is lightweight, easy to cut, and inexpensive. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the second flame-arresting core 43 is a high-silica fiber flame-arresting core, which has strong ablation resistance.

[0063] In other embodiments, the first flame arrestor core 42 and the second flame arrestor core 43 may also be other suitable structures and materials. This application does not limit this, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0064] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the flame arrester housing 41 has an inlet end 412 and an outlet end 413 disposed opposite to each other, the inlet end 412 being configured to abut against the battery pack housing 10. An airflow passage 411 extends through the inlet end 412 and the outlet end 413. The airflow passage 411 is configured with a gradually expanding structure. The cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow passage 411 along the direction of combustion gradually increases from the inlet end 412 to the outlet end 413.

[0065] By employing a gradually expanding airflow channel 411, the cross-sectional area of ​​the combustion ejection material can be increased, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the combustion ejection material. This increases the residence time of the combustion ejection material within the flame arrester 40, allowing the flame arrester housing 41, the first flame arrestor core 42, and the second flame arrestor core 43 to absorb more heat. Furthermore, it reduces the risk of combustion particles in the combustion ejection material breaking through the corresponding flame arrestor cores (specifically the first flame arrestor core 42 and the second flame arrestor core 43) and surging to the outside of the battery pack casing 10 due to excessive flow velocity, thus improving the flame arresting effect of the flame arrester 40.

[0066] In some embodiments, the flame arrester housing 41 includes a first sub-housing 414 and a second sub-housing 415, the first sub-housing 414 being configured to be mounted on the battery pack housing 10, and the second sub-housing 415 being connected to the first sub-housing 414.

[0067] The first sub-shell 414 is provided with a first sub-channel 4111, and the second sub-shell 415 is provided with a second sub-channel 4112 that communicates with the first sub-channel 4111. The first sub-channel 4111 and the second sub-channel 4112 together form the aforementioned airflow channel 411. The first flame arrestor 42 is installed in the first sub-channel 4111, and the second flame arrestor 43 is installed in the second sub-channel 4112.

[0068] The flame arrester housing 41 adopts a segmented structure, and the first flame arrester core 42 and the second flame arrester core 43 are respectively installed in the corresponding sub-housing (specifically the first sub-housing 414 and the second sub-housing 415), which is beneficial for production and installation personnel to inspect or replace the corresponding flame arrester cores (specifically the first flame arrester core 42 and the second flame arrester core 43).

[0069] For example, when the first flame arrestor core 42 is damaged or fails, the production and installation personnel only need to disassemble the first sub-shell 414 and replace the first flame arrestor core 42, without having to replace the entire flame arrestor 40.

[0070] In some embodiments, the flame arrester 40 further includes a plurality of heat dissipation fins (not shown), which are arranged on the outer wall of the flame arrester housing 41. By providing heat dissipation fins, the heat absorbed by the flame arrester housing 41 can be quickly dissipated, thereby reducing the risk of the flame arrester 40's flame-arresting effect weakening due to excessively high temperature, and further improving the flame-arresting effect of the flame arrester 40.

[0071] In some embodiments, the heat dissipation fins are constructed of stainless steel and are fan-shaped. Stainless steel has good thermal conductivity, and the fan shape can increase the heat dissipation area, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the heat dissipation fins.

[0072] In other embodiments, the heat dissipation fins may also be made of other refractory materials with high thermal conductivity, and the heat dissipation fins may also be in other shapes. This application does not limit these shapes, and those skilled in the art can choose according to the actual situation.

[0073] Please continue to refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the flame arrester 40 further includes an end cap 44, which covers the outlet end 413 of the flame arrester housing 41 and has a through hole 441 for gas flow.

[0074] By setting the end cap 44, the risk of the first flame arrestor core 42 and the second flame arrestor core 43 being blocked due to the entry of external pollutants (such as dust, fallen leaves, etc.) into the airflow channel 411 can be reduced, which helps to ensure the stable operation of the flame arrester 40 and extend the service life of the flame arrester 40.

[0075] For example, the flame arrester 40 operates as follows: When the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, it produces combustible ejecta, causing a sudden increase in pressure inside the battery pack casing 10. The explosion-proof valve 30 connects the interior of the battery pack casing 10 with the external environment, forming a pressure relief path. The combustible ejecta then rushes along the pressure relief path into the airflow channel 411 of the flame arrester 40.

[0076] The first flame arrestor core 42 intercepts most of the large-sized burning particles in the burning ejection, and the second flame arrestor core 43 further intercepts the remaining small-sized burning particles in the burning ejection. At the same time, the flame arrestor housing 41, the first flame arrestor core 42 and the second flame arrestor core 43 together absorb the heat of the burning particles that are intercepted and retained in the airflow channel 411, so that the temperature of the burning particles is reduced to below the ignition point, thereby hindering the spread of flame generated by the burning ejection.

[0077] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any appropriate changes and variations made to the above embodiments within the essential spirit and scope of this application fall within the scope of this application's disclosure.

Claims

1. A flame arrester applied to a battery pack, the battery pack comprising a battery pack housing, battery cells, and an explosion-proof valve, wherein the battery cells are installed inside the battery pack housing, and the explosion-proof valve is installed in the battery pack housing and configured to connect the interior of the battery pack housing to the external environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells, characterized in that... The flame arrester includes a flame arrester housing, a first flame arresting core, and a second flame arresting core. The flame arrester housing is provided with an airflow channel. The first flame arresting core and the second flame arresting core are both installed in the airflow channel, and the first flame arresting core and the second flame arresting core are distributed at intervals. The flame arrester housing is configured to be installed on the battery pack housing, and the airflow channel is opposite to the explosion-proof valve. When the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the combustion ejecta generated by the battery cell can flow along the airflow channel and pass through the first flame arrestor core and the second flame arrestor core in sequence. The flame arrester housing, the first flame arrestor core, and the second flame arrestor core jointly absorb the heat of the combustion ejecta. The first flame arrestor core and the second flame arrestor core jointly filter the combustion ejecta to prevent the spread of flames generated by the combustion ejecta.

2. The flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first flame arrestor core has a first channel, and the second flame arrestor core has a second channel. Along the direction of the ejection of the combustion ejection, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel is larger than that of the second channel.

3. The flame arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first flame-arresting core is constructed as a metal component, the second flame-arresting core is constructed as a non-metallic component, and both the first and second flame-arresting cores are constructed as a loose porous structure.

4. The flame arrester according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first flame arrestor core is any one of stainless steel corrugated flame arrestor core, metal wire mesh flame arrestor core, stainless steel powder sintered flame arrestor core or brass powder sintered flame arrestor core. The second flame arrestor core is any one of basalt fiber flame arrestor core, aluminum silicate fiber flame arrestor core, glass fiber cloth flame arrestor core, or high silica fiber flame arrestor core.

5. The flame arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The flame arrester housing has an inlet end and an outlet end that are disposed opposite to each other. The inlet end is configured to abut against the battery pack housing. The airflow channel passes through the inlet end and the outlet end. The airflow channel is configured as a gradually expanding structure, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow channel along the direction of combustion gradually increases from the inlet end to the outlet end.

6. The flame arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The flame arrester housing includes a first sub-shell and a second sub-shell, the first sub-shell being configured to be installed on the battery pack housing, and the second sub-shell being connected to the first sub-shell; The first sub-shell has a first sub-channel, and the second sub-shell has a second sub-channel that communicates with the first sub-channel. The first sub-channel and the second sub-channel together form the airflow channel. The first flame arrestor is installed in the first sub-channel, and the second flame arrestor is installed in the second sub-channel.

7. The flame arrester according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The flame arrester also includes multiple heat dissipation fins, which are arranged on the outer wall of the flame arrester housing.

8. The flame arrester according to claim 5, characterized in that, The flame arrester also includes an end cap, which is disposed on the outlet end of the flame arrester housing, and the end cap is provided with a through hole for gas to flow through.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, The device includes a battery pack housing, battery cells, an explosion-proof valve, and a flame arrester as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. The battery cells are installed inside the battery pack housing, the explosion-proof valve is installed in the battery pack housing, the explosion-proof valve is configured to connect the inside of the battery pack to the external environment in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cells, the flame arrester is installed in the battery pack housing, and the airflow channel in the flame arrester is opposite to the explosion-proof valve.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that, It includes a housing and a battery pack as described in claim 9, wherein the battery pack is installed inside the housing.

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