Linear rolling guide for a numerically controlled machine tool

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of rolling linear guide technology, and discloses a linear rolling guide for CNC machine tools, including a guide body. A slider is slidably connected to the outside of the guide body. Adjustment grooves are provided on both the left and right sides of the slider. Movable grooves are also provided on both the left and right sides of the slider. Fixed blocks are slidably connected inside the movable grooves. Ball bearings are movably connected to the adjacent side of the adjacent fixed blocks. Elastic elements for reducing slider noise are provided on the distant side of the adjacent fixed blocks. A positive screw is fixedly connected to the fixed blocks through the elastic elements. An adjustment head is fixedly connected to the end of the positive screw away from the fixed blocks. A reverse screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the outside of the positive screw. In this utility model, the ball bearing gap is quickly adjusted by utilizing the differential principle, thereby improving the rigidity and accuracy of the guide rail, compensating for wear gaps, and the elastic elements buffer impacts through their own deformation, reducing the vibration amplitude of the slider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rolling linear guide technology, and in particular to a linear rolling guide for CNC machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] A rolling linear guide can be understood as a rolling motion component, consisting of rolling steel balls or rollers that continuously roll and circulate between a slider and a guide rail, enabling the load platform to perform high-precision linear motion along the guide rail. A rolling linear guide pair consists of a guide rail with raceways, a slider mounted on the guide rail, rolling elements that circulate between the slider and the guide rail, a return mechanism, and sealing end caps.

[0003] As a key component for achieving precise linear motion in CNC machine tools, the clearance accuracy between the balls and the guide rail body and slider directly determines the positioning accuracy, repeatability, and surface quality of the machine tool. With the increasing demands for precision in parts manufacturing, even slight variations in the guide rail clearance can lead to machining errors exceeding tolerance limits. In continuous high-intensity production operations, friction between the balls and guide rail components inevitably causes wear, resulting in a gradual increase in the guide rail clearance. This leads to vibration and shaking during machine tool operation, resulting in a decrease in the dimensional accuracy of the machined workpiece. Therefore, this paper proposes a linear rolling guide for CNC machine tools to address these issues. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a linear rolling guide for CNC machine tools, aiming to improve the problem of gaps remaining after the guide is installed in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a linear rolling guide rail for a CNC machine tool, comprising a guide rail body, wherein a slider is slidably connected to the outside of the guide rail body;

[0006] It also includes: adjustment grooves on both the left and right sides of the slider, movable grooves on both the left and right sides of the slider, a fixed block slidably connected inside the movable groove, a ball movably connected to the adjacent side of the fixed block, an elastic element for reducing slider noise provided on the distant side of the adjacent fixed block, a positive screw fixedly connected to the fixed block through the elastic element, an adjustment head fixedly connected to the end of the positive screw away from the fixed block, a reverse screw sleeve connected to the external thread of the positive screw, a positive thread in the middle of the reverse screw sleeve, and adjustment elements for limiting the fixed block at the four corners of the bottom end of the slider;

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0008] The elastic element includes an inner cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the fixing block near the positive screw, and a sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the positive screw near the fixing block. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the side of the inner cylinder and the sleeve, and a spring is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The adjusting component includes a locking groove, which is opened at the four corners of the bottom end of the slider. A threaded block is threadedly connected inside the locking groove. An adjusting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the threaded block. Limiting grooves are opened on both the front and rear sides of the bottom end of the fixed block. The top of the adjusting rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The ball is externally slidably connected to the outside of the guide rail body, the external thread of the positive screw is connected to the inner wall of the positive thread, and the external thread of the negative thread sleeve is connected to the inner wall of the adjusting groove.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The sleeve is slidably connected to the outside of the inner cylinder;

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0017] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. In this utility model, by using a screwdriver to rotate the threaded block and the rotating adjustment head respectively, the adjusting rod abuts against the limiting groove of the fixing block to limit the position of the fixing block. Meanwhile, the positive screw rotates synchronously with the negative screw sleeve, thereby multiplying the displacement of the fixing block synchronously with the positive screw. Users can quickly adjust the ball gap by means of differential principle, thereby enhancing the rigidity and accuracy of the guide rail to compensate for the gap caused by wear.

[0019] 2. In this utility model, the spring and the telescopic rod work together to drive the sleeve to slide outside the inner cylinder, so as to absorb some of the vibration energy. The spring buffers the impact through its own deformation, and the sleeve contacts the inner cylinder to consume vibration energy through friction, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of the slider. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a linear rolling guide rail for a CNC machine tool proposed in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a linear rolling guide ball of a CNC machine tool according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a linear rolling guide slider for a CNC machine tool according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a linear rolling guide rail fixing block for a CNC machine tool proposed in this utility model.

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Guide rail body; 2. Slider; 3. Adjustment groove; 4. Movable groove; 5. Fixing block; 6. Ball bearing; 7. Positive screw; 8. Adjusting head; 9. Reverse screw sleeve; 10. Positive thread; 11. Locking groove; 12. Threaded block; 13. Adjusting roller; 14. Limiting groove; 15. Inner cylinder; 16. Sleeve; 17. Telescopic rod; 18. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides an embodiment of a linear rolling guide for a CNC machine tool, comprising a guide body 1. The guide body 1 serves as the basic load-bearing component of the linear rolling guide, providing a running track for the slider 2, thereby ensuring that the slider 2 slides stably along a straight line and guaranteeing the linear motion accuracy of the moving parts of the CNC machine tool.

[0028] The guide rail 1 is externally slidably connected to a slider 2, which is used to support the moving parts of the CNC machine tool, such as the worktable. With the support of the ball bearings 6, it can achieve low-friction, high-precision linear motion on the guide rail 1 and transfer the load of the moving parts to the guide rail 1.

[0029] It also includes: adjustment grooves 3 on both the left and right sides of the slider 2, the adjustment grooves 3 being reverse spiral-shaped concave-convex texture grooves. Movable grooves 4 are provided on both the left and right sides of the slider 2, and fixed blocks 5 are slidably connected inside the movable grooves 4. The movable grooves 4 provide guiding space for the sliding of the fixed blocks 5 and restrict the movement direction of the fixed blocks 5.

[0030] A ball bearing 6 is movably connected to the adjacent side of the fixed block 5. The ball bearing 6 is slidably connected to the outside of the guide rail body 1. The fixed block 5 is used to install and restrict the ball bearing 6. Through sliding cooperation with the movable groove 4, it can move within the movable groove 4, thereby adjusting the gap between the ball bearing 6 and the guide rail body 1 and the slider 2. As a rolling element between the slider 2 and the guide rail body 1, the ball bearing 6 converts the sliding friction between the slider 2 and the guide rail body 1 into rolling friction, which greatly reduces the frictional resistance, improves the motion efficiency and service life of the guide rail, and can withstand a large load to ensure the stable operation of the slider 2 on the guide rail body 1.

[0031] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 An elastic element for reducing noise of slider 2 is provided on the opposite side of adjacent fixed block 5. The elastic element includes an inner cylinder 15. The end of the inner cylinder 15 away from the positive screw 7 is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of fixed block 5 near the positive screw 7. The inner cylinder 15 serves to support and fix the spring 18 and the telescopic rod 17, providing a structural basis for the buffering and shock absorption function of the elastic element.

[0032] A sleeve 16 is fixedly connected to one end of the positive screw 7 near the fixed block 5. The inside of the sleeve 16 is slidably connected to the outside of the inner cylinder 15. The sliding fit between the sleeve 16 and the inner cylinder 15 allows the elastic element to generate relative displacement when it is impacted, dissipating some vibration energy through friction. At the same time, it provides guidance for the extension and retraction of the spring 18 and the telescopic rod 17, ensuring the stability of the elastic element's operation.

[0033] A telescopic rod 17 is fixedly connected to the adjacent side of the inner cylinder 15 and the sleeve 16. Under the action of the spring 18, the telescopic rod 17 can extend and retract with the vibration and impact of the slider 2, limiting the deformation direction of the spring 18 and preventing the spring 18 from twisting under force, thus ensuring the buffering effect of the elastic element. The spring 18 is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod 17. One end of the spring 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 15, and the other end of the spring 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 16. As the core component of the elastic element, the spring 18 uses its own elastic deformation to absorb and store the impact energy received by the slider 2. When the impact force disappears, the spring 18 releases the stored energy, allowing the slider 2 to return to its initial state, thus playing a role in buffering and shock absorption.

[0034] The fixed block 5 is fixedly connected to the positive screw 7 via an elastic element. The positive screw 7, as a key component for adjusting the guide rail clearance, rotates under the drive of the adjusting head 8. Through its threaded engagement with the anti-screw sleeve 9, it displaces the fixed block 5, thereby adjusting the clearance between the ball bearing 6 and the guide rail body 1 and the slider 2. The adjusting head 8 is fixedly connected to the end of the positive screw 7 furthest from the fixed block 5. The adjusting head 8 provides the operator with an operating point for adjusting the positive screw 7. By turning the adjusting head 8 with a screwdriver, the positive screw 7 can be easily driven to rotate, achieving rapid and precise adjustment of the guide rail clearance.

[0035] The positive screw 7 is externally threaded with a reverse screw sleeve 9. The reverse screw sleeve 9 and the positive screw 7 are threaded together. When the adjusting head 8 drives the positive screw 7 to rotate, the reverse screw sleeve 9 remains fixed under the restriction of the adjusting groove 3, causing the positive screw 7 to generate relative displacement, which in turn drives the fixed block 5 to move. The differential principle is used to achieve efficient adjustment of the guide rail gap.

[0036] The external thread of the reverse screw sleeve 9 is connected to the inner wall of the adjusting groove 3. This connection method fixes the reverse screw sleeve 9 inside the slider 2, ensuring that the reverse screw sleeve 9 will not rotate when the positive screw 7 rotates, thus guaranteeing the stability and accuracy of the adjustment process. A positive thread 10 is provided in the middle of the reverse screw sleeve 9, and the external thread of the positive screw 7 is connected to the inner wall of the positive thread 10. The thread engagement between the positive thread 10 and the positive screw 7 is the key structure for realizing differential adjustment. Through the thread transmission between the two, the actual displacement of the positive screw 7 nut is doubled, thereby realizing the rapid movement of the fixed block 5 and improving the adjustment efficiency of the guide rail clearance.

[0037] The bottom four corners of the slider 2 are equipped with adjusting components for limiting the position of the fixed block 5. The adjusting components ensure that the fixed block 5 slides accurately along a straight line during the adjustment process, preventing the fixed block 5 from shifting and ensuring the accuracy and stability of the guide rail gap adjustment. The adjusting components include locking grooves 11, which are opened at the bottom four corners of the slider 2, providing installation space and threaded connection structure for the threaded block 12. Through the threaded connection, the threaded block 12 can rotate and move within the locking grooves 11, realizing the limiting adjustment of the fixed block 5.

[0038] The locking groove 11 is internally threaded with a threaded block 12. The threaded block 12 moves up and down within the locking groove 11 by rotation, causing the adjusting rod 13 to abut against or release the limiting groove 14 of the fixing block 5, thereby limiting and unlocking the fixing block 5, facilitating adjustment of the fixing block 5 by the operator. The top of the threaded block 12 is fixedly connected to the adjusting rod 13, which abuts against the limiting groove 14 of the fixing block 5. By restricting the vertical movement of the fixing block 5, it ensures that the fixing block 5 can only slide linearly within the movable groove 4, improving the accuracy and stability of the movement of the fixing block 5.

[0039] Limiting grooves 14 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the bottom end of the fixed block 5. The top end of the adjusting rod 13 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 14. The limiting groove 14 cooperates with the adjusting rod 13 to provide guidance and limit for the movement of the fixed block 5, prevent the fixed block 5 from tilting or shifting during the adjustment process, and ensure the accuracy of the guide rail gap adjustment.

[0040] Working Principle: After the guide rail 1 and slider 2 are installed, first use a screwdriver to rotate the slot of the threaded block 12, causing the adjusting rod 13 to abut against the limiting groove 14 of the fixed block 5, thus ensuring that the fixed block 5 can slide precisely in a straight line during the adjustment process. Then, use a screwdriver to rotate the groove of the adjusting head 8. The adjusting head 8 will drive the main screw of the positive screw 7 to rotate, and rotate in the same direction within the positive thread 10 of the reverse screw sleeve 9, achieving synchronous rotation between the reverse screw sleeve 9 and the positive screw 7. This doubles the actual displacement of the nut of the positive screw 7, and the fixed block 5, indirectly connected to the positive screw 7, will also slide twice as much synchronously within the movable groove 4. This allows the user to quickly adjust the gap between the ball bearing 6 and the guide rail 1 and slider 2 using the differential principle, thereby improving the rigidity and motion accuracy of the guide rail and compensating for the wear gap generated by the ball bearing 6 after long-term use.

[0041] When slider 2 is subjected to impact load or high-frequency vibration, the elastic element, through the cooperation of spring 18 and telescopic rod 17, drives sleeve 16 to slide outside inner cylinder 15 to absorb some vibration energy. Spring 18 buffers the impact through its own deformation, while sleeve 16 contacts and rubs against inner cylinder 15, consuming vibration energy, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of slider 2.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A linear rolling guide for a CNC machine tool, comprising a guide body (1), wherein a slider (2) is slidably connected to the outside of the guide body (1); Its features are, Also includes: The slider (2) has adjustment grooves (3) on both the left and right sides, and movable grooves (4) on both the left and right sides. A fixed block (5) is slidably connected inside the movable groove (4). A ball (6) is movably connected to the side of the adjacent fixed block (5). An elastic element for reducing the noise of the slider (2) is provided on the side of the adjacent fixed block (5). A positive screw (7) is fixedly connected to the fixed block (5) through the elastic element. An adjustment head (8) is fixedly connected to the end of the positive screw (7) away from the fixed block (5). A reverse screw sleeve (9) is threaded to the outside of the positive screw (7). A positive thread (10) is provided in the middle of the reverse screw sleeve (9). Adjustment elements for limiting the position of the fixed block (5) are provided at the four corners of the bottom of the slider (2).

2. The linear rolling guide rail for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic element includes an inner cylinder (15), one end of which is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the fixing block (5) near the positive screw (7) away from the positive screw (7). A sleeve (16) is fixedly connected to the end of the positive screw (7) near the fixing block (5). A telescopic rod (17) is fixedly connected to the side of the inner cylinder (15) and the sleeve (16) close to each other. A spring (18) is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic rod (17).

3. A linear rolling guide for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting component includes a locking groove (11), which is located at the four corners of the bottom end of the slider (2). The locking groove (11) is threaded with a threaded block (12). An adjusting rod (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the threaded block (12). Limiting grooves (14) are provided on both the front and rear sides of the bottom end of the fixed block (5). The top of the adjusting rod (13) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove (14).

4. A linear rolling guide for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball (6) is externally slidably connected to the outside of the guide rail (1), the external thread of the positive screw (7) is connected to the inner wall of the positive thread (10), and the external thread of the reverse sleeve (9) is connected to the inner wall of the adjusting groove (3).

5. A linear rolling guide for a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeve (16) is slidably connected to the outside of the inner cylinder (15).

6. A linear rolling guide for a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the spring (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder (15), and the other end of the spring (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (16).

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