An even temperature device, a battery module and an energy storage battery

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a temperature equalizing device, a battery module and an energy storage battery. The temperature equalizing device is used for connecting two adjacent battery cells in the battery module. The temperature equalizing device comprises two temperature equalizing plates, which are arranged at intervals; and a heat insulation plate and a foam plate, which are connected with each other, arranged between the two temperature equalizing plates, and connected with the two temperature equalizing plates respectively. The heat insulation plate is used for hindering heat transfer between the two temperature equalizing plates, and the foam plate is used for dispersing the expansion stress of the adjacent battery cells. The temperature equalizing device provided by the embodiment of the present application has the heat insulation plate and the foam plate connected with each other arranged between the two temperature equalizing plates, and the heat insulation plate and the foam plate are connected with the two temperature equalizing plates respectively. The heat insulation plate can reduce the generation of heat spread problems, and the foam plate can reduce the generation of the battery cell rupture problem caused by the expansion of the battery cell, thereby improving the safety performance and service life of the battery module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of energy storage battery technology, specifically relating to a temperature equalization device, a battery module, and an energy storage battery. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage battery modules typically incorporate heat dissipation structures to cool the module and prevent thermal runaway caused by excessive temperature increases during charging and discharging. These heat dissipation structures are usually liquid cooling plates, typically positioned on the bottom surface of multiple battery cells within the module to dissipate heat across the entire assembly.

[0003] In related technologies, uneven temperature distribution within the battery cell occurs because only the bottom surface of the cell contacts the liquid cooling plate. A common solution is to place a heat spreader between adjacent cells to achieve a more uniform temperature distribution. However, existing heat spreader placement methods can lead to heat propagation and cell breakage between adjacent cells, reducing the safety performance and lifespan of the battery module. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to provide a temperature equalization device, a battery module, and an energy storage battery to solve the problem that the existing temperature equalization device settings can lead to heat spread and cell breakage between adjacent cells, which reduces the safety performance and lifespan of the battery module.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application discloses a temperature equalization device, which is used to connect between two adjacent cells in a battery module, the temperature equalization device comprising:

[0007] Two temperature equalization plates are arranged at an interval;

[0008] The device includes a heat insulation board and a foam board, which are interconnected and disposed between two heat equalization plates, and are respectively connected to the two heat equalization plates. The heat insulation board is used to impede heat transfer between the two heat equalization plates, and the foam board is used to disperse the expansion stress of adjacent cells.

[0009] Optionally, the heat spreader is either an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate or an alumina ceramic substrate.

[0010] Optionally, the heat insulation board is either a silica nanoplate or an aerogel heat insulation board.

[0011] Optionally, the foam board is any one of ceramic silicone foam board, polyurethane foam board, or silicone foam.

[0012] Optionally, the heat insulation board is bonded to the foam board.

[0013] Optionally, the heat insulation board and the foam board are respectively bonded to the two heat equalization plates.

[0014] Optionally, each of the heat spreaders includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion connected at an angle, the heat insulation plate is connected to the first connecting portion of one of the heat spreaders, the foam plate is connected to the first connecting portion of another heat spreader, and the second connecting portion is used to connect to the liquid cooling plate of the battery module.

[0015] Secondly, this application also discloses a battery module having a first direction, the battery module including: a temperature equalization device as described in any of the above claims, the temperature equalization device being multiple, and a plurality of battery cells arranged side by side along the first direction, the temperature equalization device being connected between two adjacent battery cells.

[0016] Optionally, it further includes a liquid cooling plate, each of the battery cells including a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along a second direction; the liquid cooling plate is connected to the second surface of each of the battery cells and is connected to the temperature equalization device, the second direction intersecting the first direction.

[0017] Thirdly, this application also discloses an energy storage battery, which includes: a battery module as described in any of the above claims.

[0018] In this embodiment, by providing an interconnected heat insulation plate and a foam plate between two heat spreaders, and with the heat insulation plate and foam plate respectively connected to the two heat spreaders, the heat insulation plate can hinder heat transfer between the two heat spreaders, reduce heat transfer between adjacent cells, and reduce the occurrence of heat spread problems. The foam plate can disperse the expansion stress of adjacent cells, reduce the occurrence of cell rupture caused by cell expansion, thereby improving the safety performance and service life of the battery module.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature equalization device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the temperature equalization device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the battery module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the battery module provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Reference numerals: 1. Temperature equalization device; 11. Temperature equalization plate; 111. First connecting part; 112. Second connecting part; 12. Heat insulation plate; 13. Foam plate; 2. Battery module; 21. Battery cell; 22. Liquid cooling plate; 23. Cable tie; 24. First end plate; 25. Second end plate; X, First direction; Z, Second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] Energy storage battery modules typically incorporate heat dissipation structures to cool the module and prevent thermal runaway caused by excessive temperature increases during charging and discharging. These heat dissipation structures are usually liquid cooling plates, which are typically positioned on the bottom surfaces of multiple battery cells within the module. The liquid cooling plates contact the bottom surfaces of each cell to dissipate heat.

[0031] In related technologies, because only the bottom surface of the battery cell contacts the liquid cooling plate, the bottom surface of the cell dissipates heat quickly and has a lower temperature, while the top surface, far from the liquid cooling plate, dissipates heat more slowly and has a higher temperature. This large temperature difference between the top and bottom surfaces of the cell results in uneven temperature distribution, which affects the cell's lifespan and charge / discharge performance. Typically, a heat spreader is placed between adjacent cells, with the heat spreader in contact with the surface of the adjacent cells. When the liquid cooling plate dissipates heat from the cells, the heat spreader allows heat to be conducted between the top and bottom surfaces of the cells, transferring heat from the top surface to the relatively cooler bottom surface, reducing the temperature difference between the top and bottom surfaces and resulting in a more uniform temperature distribution. However, existing heat spreaders are usually placed in direct contact with the cells, which can lead to heat propagation between adjacent cells, cell breakage, and other problems, reducing the safety performance and lifespan of the battery module.

[0032] Based on the above analysis, this application provides a temperature equalization device 1, which can be used in battery modules of energy storage batteries in practical applications. The temperature equalization device 1 of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a temperature equalization device 1, which is used to connect two adjacent cells 21 in a battery module 2. The temperature equalization device 1 includes: two temperature equalization plates 11, which are spaced apart; and a heat insulation plate 12 and a foam plate 13, which are connected to each other and disposed between the two temperature equalization plates 11 and respectively connected to the two temperature equalization plates 11. The heat insulation plate 12 is used to impede the heat transfer between the two temperature equalization plates 11, and the foam plate 13 is used to disperse the expansion stress of adjacent cells 21.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, two heat spreaders 11 are respectively bonded to the surfaces of two adjacent battery cells 21 in the battery module 2. The heat spreaders 11 are plate-shaped structures made of materials with high thermal conductivity and high insulation performance. The heat spreaders 11 have high thermal conductivity, which allows heat to be conducted to the surface of the battery cells 21, resulting in a uniform temperature distribution on the surface of the battery cells 21. This gives the battery cells 21 good charge and discharge performance and a long service life. The heat spreaders 11 also have high electrical insulation, avoiding the risk of short circuits and improving safety performance.

[0035] Both the heat insulation board 12 and the foam board 13 are plate-shaped structures. The heat insulation board 12 and the foam board 13 have the same size and shape. The heat insulation board 12 and the foam board 13 can be fixedly connected together to form a whole by means of adhesive bonding or other methods. The heat insulation board 12 and the foam board 13 are arranged between two heat spreaders 11. The heat insulation board 12 is fixedly connected to one heat spreader 11 by means of adhesive bonding or other methods, and the foam board 13 is fixedly connected to the other heat spreader 11 by means of adhesive bonding or other methods. The heat insulation board 12 has a plate-shaped structure made of a material with low thermal conductivity. The heat insulation board 12 can isolate the heat conduction and heat radiation between the two heat spreaders 11, thereby reducing the heat transfer between adjacent cells 21.

[0036] During charging and discharging, the battery cell 21 experiences expansion stress due to the volume change of the active material. This expansion stress can cause the heat spreader 11 to shift and compress the battery cell 21, leading to its rupture. The foam board 13 is a porous, lightweight board made of a material with low thermal conductivity. The multi-microporous structure of the foam board 13 can disperse the expansion stress between two adjacent battery cells 21, reducing the likelihood of the battery cell 21 rupture due to expansion.

[0037] In this embodiment, a heat insulation plate 12 and a foam plate 13 are connected to each other between two heat spreaders 11, and the heat insulation plate 12 and the foam plate 13 are respectively connected to the two heat spreaders 11. The heat insulation plate 12 can hinder the heat transfer between the two heat spreaders 11, reduce the heat transfer between adjacent cells 21, and reduce the occurrence of heat spread problems. The foam plate 13 can disperse the expansion stress of adjacent cells 21, reduce the occurrence of cell 21 rupture caused by cell 21 expansion, and thus improve the safety performance and service life of the battery module 2.

[0038] Optionally, the heat spreader 11 can be either an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate or an alumina ceramic substrate.

[0039] Specifically, the ceramic substrate includes a main layer made of ceramic material and an outer metal layer. The metal layer is bonded to the outside of the main layer at high temperature. The main layer of the aluminum nitride ceramic substrate is aluminum nitride, and the main layer of the alumina ceramic substrate is alumina. The metal layer is copper foil. The main layer of the ceramic material has high insulation performance, and both the main layer of the ceramic material and the outer metal layer have high thermal conductivity. That is, both the aluminum nitride ceramic substrate and the alumina ceramic substrate have high thermal conductivity and insulation performance.

[0040] In practical applications, by making the heat spreader 11 either an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate or an alumina ceramic substrate, since both aluminum nitride and alumina ceramic substrates have high thermal conductivity and high insulation performance, heat can be effectively conducted to the surface of the battery cell 21 through the heat spreader 11. This can further enable the battery cell 21 to have good charge and discharge performance and a long service life. At the same time, the heat spreader 11 can also effectively avoid the risk of short circuit, further improving the safety performance of the battery cell 21.

[0041] Preferably, the heat spreader 11 is an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate. Compared with an alumina ceramic substrate, the aluminum nitride ceramic substrate has higher thermal conductivity and insulation performance. It can more effectively conduct heat to the surface of the battery cell 21 through the heat spreader 11, which can further enable the battery cell 21 to have good charging and discharging performance and a longer service life. At the same time, it can also more effectively avoid the risk of short circuit through the heat spreader 11, which further improves the safety performance of the battery cell 21.

[0042] Optionally, the heat insulation board 12 is either a silica nanoplate or an aerogel heat insulation board.

[0043] Specifically, the silica nanoplate is a heat insulation board 12 made of nano-sized silica as the main material, with a low thermal conductivity, specifically as low as 0.02 W / (m·K). The aerogel heat insulation board is a heat insulation board 12 made of aerogel as the main raw material and composited with fiber or substrate through a special process, with a low thermal conductivity, specifically as low as 0.013 W / (m·K) to 0.016 W / (m·K).

[0044] In this embodiment, by making the heat insulation plate 12 either a silica nanoplate or an aerogel heat insulation plate 12, since both silica nanoplate and aerogel heat insulation plate 12 have very low thermal conductivity, the heat insulation plate 12 can effectively hinder the heat transfer between the two heat spreader plates 11, further reduce the heat transfer between adjacent cells 21, further reduce the occurrence of heat spread problems, and thus further improve the safety performance and service life of the battery module 2.

[0045] Preferably, the heat insulation plate 12 is a silica nanoplate. Compared with the aerogel heat insulation plate 12, the silica nanoplate has a lower thermal conductivity, which allows the heat insulation plate 12 to better hinder the heat transfer between the two heat spreader plates 11, further reduce the heat transfer between adjacent cells 21, further reduce the occurrence of heat spread problems, and thus further improve the safety performance and service life of the battery module 2.

[0046] Optionally, the foam board 13 is any one of ceramic silicone foam board, polyurethane foam board, or silicone foam board.

[0047] Specifically, ceramic silicone foam board is a porous foam board 13 made of silicone rubber as the base material and filled with ceramic powder; polyurethane foam board is a porous foam board 13 generated by the reaction of isocyanate and polyol; and silicone foam board 13 is a porous foam board 13 made of silicone rubber as the base material through a foaming process.

[0048] In practical applications, by making the foam board 13 any one of ceramic silicone foam board, polyurethane foam board, or silicone foam board, since ceramic silicone foam board, polyurethane foam board, and silicone foam board are all porous foam boards 13, the expansion stress of adjacent cells 21 can be dispersed, reducing the occurrence of cell 21 cracking caused by cell 21 expansion, thereby improving the safety performance and service life of battery module 2.

[0049] Optionally, the heat insulation board 12 is bonded to the foam board 13. In practical applications, the heat insulation board 12 and the foam board 13 can be bonded together with double-sided adhesive. Since bonding is a relatively simple and convenient connection method, it can simplify the installation process of the temperature equalization device 1.

[0050] Optionally, the heat insulation board 12 and the foam board 13 are respectively bonded to the two heat spreaders 11. In practical applications, the heat insulation board 12 can be bonded to one heat spreader 11 with double-sided adhesive, and the foam board 13 can be bonded to the other heat spreader 11 with double-sided adhesive. Since bonding is a relatively simple and convenient connection method, it can simplify the installation process of the heat spreader 1.

[0051] Optionally, each heat spreader 11 includes a first connecting portion 111 and a second connecting portion 112 connected at an angle. The heat insulation plate 12 is connected to the first connecting portion 111 of one heat spreader 11, the foam plate 13 is connected to the first connecting portion 111 of another heat spreader 11, and the second connecting portion 112 is used to connect to the liquid cooling plate 22 of the battery module 2.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the first connecting part 111 and the second connecting part 112 are both flat plate structures. The first connecting part 111 is disposed between two adjacent battery cells 21. The two first connecting parts 111 of the two heat spreaders 11 are spaced apart. The heat insulation plate 12 and the foam plate 13 are disposed between the two first connecting parts 111 and are respectively connected to the two first connecting parts 111.

[0053] The second connecting part 112 is disposed at one end of the first connecting part 111 near the liquid cooling plate 22 of the battery module 2, and is set at an angle to the first connecting part 111, the angle being 90°. The second connecting part 112 is connected to the liquid cooling plate 22 of the battery module 2.

[0054] In this embodiment, by making the heat spreader 11 include a first connecting portion 111 and a second connecting portion 112 connected at an angle, and connecting the second connecting portion 112 to the liquid cooling plate 22, the contact area between the heat spreader 11 and the liquid cooling plate 22 can be increased. The large contact area allows the liquid cooling plate 22 to absorb heat from the heat spreader 11 evenly, avoiding local overheating or uneven cooling, reducing the temperature difference of the battery cell 21, and further enabling the battery cell 21 to have good charging and discharging performance and a long service life.

[0055] In summary, the temperature equalization device 1 of this application embodiment may include at least the following advantages:

[0056] In this embodiment, by providing an interconnected heat insulation plate 12 and a foam plate 13 between two heat spreaders 11, and with the heat insulation plate 12 and the foam plate 13 respectively connected to the two heat spreaders 11, the heat insulation plate 12 can hinder the heat transfer between the two heat spreaders 11, reduce the heat transfer between adjacent cells 21, and reduce the occurrence of heat spread problems. The foam plate 13 can disperse the expansion stress of adjacent cells 21, reduce the occurrence of cell 21 rupture caused by cell 21 expansion, thereby improving the safety performance and service life of the battery module 2.

[0057] This application embodiment also provides a battery module 2, which specifically may include a temperature equalization device 1 of any of the above embodiments. There are multiple temperature equalization devices 1, and multiple battery cells 21 arranged side-by-side along a first direction X. The temperature equalization device 1 is connected between two adjacent battery cells 21. The first direction X is as follows: Figure 3 The X-axis direction is shown.

[0058] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the structure of the temperature equalization device 1 is the same as that of the temperature equalization device 1 in any of the above embodiments, and its beneficial effects are similar, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0059] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the battery module 2 further includes a first end plate 24, a second end plate 25, and cable ties 23. The first end plate 24 is disposed at one end of the battery module 2 along a first direction X, and the second end plate 25 is disposed at the other end of the battery module 2 along the first direction X. Cable ties 23, such as steel strips, are wrapped around the outer sides of multiple battery cells 21, multiple temperature equalization devices 1, the first end plate 24, and the second end plate 25 to fix the multiple battery cells 21, multiple temperature equalization devices 1, the first end plate 24, and the second end plate 25, making them a single mounting unit. Furthermore, there are multiple cable ties 23, which are spaced apart, thereby making the connection between the multiple battery cells 21, multiple temperature equalization devices 1, the first end plate 24, and the second end plate 25 more secure.

[0060] Optionally, it also includes a liquid cooling plate 22, each battery cell 21 including a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along the second direction Z; the liquid cooling plate 22 is connected to the second surface of each battery cell 21 and is connected to the temperature equalization device 1, the second direction Z intersects the first direction X.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the second direction Z is the height direction of battery module 2, and the second direction Z is... Figure 3 In the Z-axis direction shown, each battery cell 21 includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along the second direction Z. The first surface is the top surface of the battery cell 21 along the second direction Z, and the second direction Z is the bottom surface of the battery cell 21 along the second direction Z. The first connecting part 111 of the temperature equalization device 1 is disposed between two battery cells 21 disposed side by side along the first direction X. The second connecting part 112 of the temperature equalization device 1 is in contact with the second surface. The liquid cooling plate 22 is connected to the second surface and the second connecting part 112 of the battery cell 21. The liquid cooling plate 22 can cool the second surface of the battery cell 21 and the second connecting part 112 of the temperature equalization plate 11.

[0062] In practical applications, by connecting the liquid cooling plate 22 to the second surface of the cell 21 and the temperature equalization device 1, the liquid cooling plate 22 can cool the battery module 2, and the temperature equalization device 1 can keep the temperature of the cell 21 uniform, reducing the occurrence of thermal runaway, thermal propagation and cell 21 rupture, and improving the service life and safety performance of the battery module 2.

[0063] This application also provides an energy storage battery, which includes: the battery module 2 of any of the above embodiments.

[0064] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the structure of the battery module 2 is the same as that of the battery module 2 in any of the above embodiments, and its beneficial effects are similar, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0065] This application also provides an energy storage battery, which includes the battery module of any of the above embodiments.

[0066] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the structure of the battery module is the same as that of the battery module in any of the above embodiments, and its beneficial effects are similar, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0067] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0068] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A temperature equalization device, characterized in that, The temperature equalization device (1) is used to connect between two adjacent cells (21) in the battery module (2), and the temperature equalization device (1) includes: Two temperature equalization plates (11) are arranged at intervals; The heat insulation board (12) and the foam board (13) are connected to each other. The heat insulation board (12) and the foam board (13) are disposed between the two heat equalization plates (11) and are respectively connected to the two heat equalization plates (11). The heat insulation board (12) is used to impede the heat transfer between the two heat equalization plates (11), and the foam board (13) is used to disperse the expansion stress of the adjacent cells (21).

2. The temperature equalization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat spreader (11) is either an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate or an alumina ceramic substrate.

3. The temperature equalization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation board (12) is either a silica nanoplate or an aerogel heat insulation board (12).

4. The temperature equalization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The foam board (13) is any one of ceramic silicone foam board (13), polyurethane foam board (13), and silicone foam board (13).

5. The temperature equalization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat insulation board (12) is bonded to the foam board (13).

6. The temperature equalization device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat insulation board (12) and the foam board (13) are respectively bonded to the two heat equalization plates (11).

7. The temperature equalization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the heat spreaders (11) includes a first connecting portion (111) and a second connecting portion (112) connected at an angle. The heat insulation plate (12) is connected to the first connecting portion (111) of one of the heat spreaders (11), the foam plate (13) is connected to the first connecting portion (111) of the other heat spreader (11), and the second connecting portion (112) is used to connect to the liquid cooling plate (22) of the battery module (2).

8. A battery module, characterized in that, The battery module (2) has a first direction (X), and the battery module (2) includes: a temperature equalization device (1) as described in any one of claims 1-7, wherein there are multiple temperature equalization devices (1), and multiple battery cells (21) arranged side by side along the first direction (X), wherein the temperature equalization device (1) is connected between two adjacent battery cells (21).

9. The battery module according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a liquid cooling plate (22), and each of the battery cells (21) includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along a second direction (Z); The liquid cooling plate (22) is connected to the second surface of each of the battery cells (21) and is connected to the temperature equalization device (1), wherein the second direction (Z) intersects the first direction (X).

10. An energy storage battery, characterized in that, The energy storage battery includes: the battery module (2) as described in claim 8 or 9.

Images