A shearing apparatus
By employing a casing, baffle, and probe design in the shearing device, and utilizing repose angle calculation and drive components, the problems of probe loss and signal shielding caused by borehole wall collapse were solved, enabling accurate reception and propagation of shear waves, and ensuring data reliability and equipment safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGZHOU MUNICIPAL ENG DESIGN & RES INST CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing shearing equipment is prone to borehole wall collapse during drilling exploration, which can lead to probe loss, and the casing can affect the propagation of shear wave signals and data accuracy.
A shearing device comprising a casing, a baffle, and a probe is designed. The casing has an opening, the baffle is slidably installed along the axial direction, and the probe is ensured not to be covered by the collapsed material by the angle of repose calculation. A first driving component is set at the opening of the casing to realize the axial movement of the probe and the baffle, ensuring the smooth propagation and reception of the shearing wave.
This effectively prevents the probe from being buried, ensures accurate reception and propagation of shear wave signals, and improves data accuracy and equipment safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN224398799U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of exploration technology, and in particular to a shearing device. Background Technology
[0002] In geotechnical engineering investigations, shear wave velocity testing is a commonly used method. Current shear wave velocity testing typically relies on boreholes, where a probe is placed inside the borehole. Shear waves are excited by a surface seismic source device, and the probe receives the wave signals to calculate the shear wave velocity at different depths. However, boreholes using existing shear wave velocity testing equipment are prone to collapse during investigations. In the event of a collapse, the probe is easily buried and lost. To prevent borehole collapse, the conventional method is to place a casing inside the borehole. However, the casing can affect or even shield the shear wave signal, weakening the signal strength, preventing data transmission, or causing distortion, thus affecting the accuracy of the test results. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. This application provides a shearing device that can prevent the probe from being buried by the collapsing cone while ensuring the smooth propagation and accurate reception of the shearing wave.
[0004] The shearing device according to an embodiment of this application includes:
[0005] A casing, wherein the casing is disposed inside the borehole and the casing has at least one opening;
[0006] A baffle, which is slidably disposed at the opening of the protective cylinder along the axial direction of the protective cylinder;
[0007] The probe is disposed inside the protective casing, and the relationship between the probe and the baffle is limited as follows:
[0008]
[0009] in, The horizontal distance between the probe and the bottom side of the baffle is [missing information]. The vertical distance between the probe and the bottom side of the baffle. The angle of repose of the accumulated slope;
[0010] A first driving component is used to drive the baffle and the probe to move axially.
[0011] The shearing device according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0012] The shearing device of this application includes a casing, a baffle, a probe, and a first drive assembly. The casing is disposed within a pre-drilled hole to form a detection channel. The casing has at least one opening along its axial length. The probe is disposed inside the casing. The opening ensures that the shear wave generated by the seismic source can pass through the casing and be received by the probe, preventing the casing from affecting or even shielding the wave propagation. The baffle is slidably mounted at the opening of the casing along its axial direction. The first drive assembly drives the probe and baffle to move axially up and down within the casing, thereby enabling segmented shear wave velocity testing at different depths. The positional relationship between the probe and the baffle is limited as follows:
[0013]
[0014] ( The horizontal distance between the probe and the bottom of the baffle. This is the vertical distance between the probe and the bottom side of the baffle. (The angle of repose of the accumulated slope) so that the baffle can block some of the collapsed material as the probe moves upward, ensuring that the probe is in an area not covered by the collapse cone, thereby preventing the probe from being buried.
[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, a first connecting component is also included, through which the probe is fixedly connected to the baffle.
[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, the first driving assembly includes a first driving component, which is used to drive the overall movement of the baffle, the probe and the first connecting component.
[0017] According to some embodiments of this application, the first driving component includes a second driving component and a third driving component, wherein the second driving component is used to drive the probe to move, and the third driving component is used to drive the baffle to move.
[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the two sides of the baffle are connected to the two ends of the opening of the protective cylinder via slide rails.
[0019] According to some embodiments of this application, the opening of the protective sleeve is provided with grooves at both ends, and the baffle is provided with protrusions at both ends that cooperate with the grooves.
[0020] According to some embodiments of this application, a seismic source generating device is also included. The seismic source generating device includes a support, a drop hammer, a second connecting component, and a second driving component. The two ends of the second connecting component are respectively connected to the drop hammer and the second driving component. The second driving component pulls the drop hammer to the top of the support through the second connecting component.
[0021] According to some embodiments of this application, the vibration source generating device further includes a buffer pad disposed on the underside of the drop hammer.
[0022] According to some embodiments of this application, the opening faces the vibration source generating device.
[0023] According to some embodiments of this application, the probe is disposed at the center of the protective sleeve. Attached Figure Description
[0024] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shearing device according to an embodiment of this application;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shearing device according to another embodiment of this application.
[0027] Figure label:
[0028] Casing 1; Opening 11;
[0029] baffle 2;
[0030] Probe 3;
[0031] First connecting component 4;
[0032] First driving component 5;
[0033] Slide rail 6;
[0034] Earthquake source generating device 7; support 71; drop hammer 72; second connecting component 73; second driving component 74; buffer pad 75. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.
[0036] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "center," "middle," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" to indicate orientation or positional relationships is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0037] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0038] The following reference Figures 1 to 2 Describe the shearing device in the embodiments of this application.
[0039] according to Figure 1 As shown, a shearing device according to one embodiment of this application includes a casing 1, a baffle 2, a probe 3, and a first driving assembly. The casing 1 is disposed within a pre-drilled hole to form a detection channel. The casing 1 has at least one opening 11 along its axial length. The probe 3 is disposed within the casing 1. The opening 11 ensures that the shear wave generated by the seismic source can pass through the casing 1 and be received by the probe 3, preventing the casing 1 from affecting or even shielding the wave propagation. The baffle 2 is slidably mounted along the axial direction of the casing 1 at the opening 11. The baffle 2 and the casing 1 form a guide through a sliding fit. The first driving assembly can drive the probe 3 and the baffle 2 to move axially within the casing 1, causing the probe 3 and the baffle 2 to move upwards layer by layer, thereby achieving segmented shear wave velocity testing at different depths. The positional relationship between the probe 3 and the baffle 2 is limited as follows:
[0040]
[0041] in, The horizontal distance between probe 3 and the bottom side of baffle 2. The vertical distance between probe 3 and the bottom side of baffle 2. The angle of repose (also known as the angle of repose, is the smallest angle between the slope and the horizontal surface when the slope is at the critical point where an object placed on it is about to slide down the slope) is used to ensure that the baffle 2 can block part of the collapsed sand layer during the upward movement of the probe 3, and ensure that the probe 3 is in an area not covered by the collapse cone.
[0042] During operation, the casing 1 is first placed inside the borehole, and the baffle 2 and probe 3 are lowered to the target depth. Shear waves are excited by a seismic source and received by the probe 3 to complete the test at that depth. Then, the first drive assembly moves the baffle 2 and probe 3 synchronously upward to a new depth test position for another test. Because the relative position of the probe 3 and the baffle 2 meets the conditions for calculating the angle of repose, the cone formed by the collapse of the sand layer at the lower opening 11 of the baffle 2 will not cover the position of the probe 3, thus preventing the probe 3 from being buried.
[0043] The shearing device of this application can ensure that the probe 3 is always outside the coverage area of the collapsed cone by using the angle of repose calculation, so as to avoid the probe 3 being buried and form a collapse-proof hole protection; at the same time, the opening 11 of the casing 1 ensures that the shearing wave can propagate smoothly, avoids the complete coverage of the casing 1 causing wave velocity distortion, and ensures the accuracy of the data.
[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there is only one opening 11.
[0045] In one embodiment of this application, the protective sleeve 1 is cylindrical in shape, with a cylindrical detection channel formed inside, and the probe 3 is set at the center of the protective sleeve 1, so that the shear wave signal reception is more balanced.
[0046] according to Figure 1 As shown in one embodiment of this application, the shearing device further includes a first connecting component 4. The probe 3 is fixedly connected to the baffle 2 through the first connecting component 4, so that the probe 3 and the baffle 2 maintain a stable positional connection and will not shift due to vibration or the impact of collapsing sand. At the same time, since the baffle 2 itself can slide along the opening 11 of the casing 1, the probe 3 can also move with the baffle 2 to achieve detection at different depths.
[0047] In some embodiments, the first connecting component 4 can be configured as a fixing frame, and the two ends of the fixing frame can be fixedly connected to the probe 3 and the baffle 2 by means of screws or welding, respectively.
[0048] according to Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the probe 3 is fixed to the baffle 2 via the first connecting component 4, thereby forming an integral structure. The first driving assembly includes a first driving component 5, which is connected to the baffle 2. When the first driving component 5 is working, the output end of the first driving component 5 drives the baffle 2 to move up and down along the axial direction of the protective sleeve 1. Since the probe 3 is fixed to the baffle 2 as a whole, the probe 3 also moves as a whole with the baffle 2.
[0049] In another embodiment of this application, the first driving assembly includes a second driving component and a third driving component. The second driving component is connected to the probe 3 and is used to drive the probe 3 to move. The second driving component directly drives the probe 3 to move independently along the axial direction of the casing 1. The third driving component is connected to the baffle 2 and is used to drive the baffle 2 to move. The third driving component drives the baffle 2 to slide independently along the axial direction at the opening 11 of the casing 1. When needed, the probe 3 can be moved up or down to adjust its positional connection with the baffle 2 to adapt to different angles of repose of the sand layer in different working situations, so as to realize the protection of the probe 3 by the baffle 2, which greatly improves the practicality of the shearing equipment of this application.
[0050] In some embodiments, the first driving component 5, the second driving component, and the third driving component can all be configured as other driving components such as a click driving component, a pneumatic driving component, or a hydraulic driving component.
[0051] according to Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the two sides of the baffle 2 are connected to the two ends of the opening 11 of the protective cylinder 1 via a slide rail 6 structure. Specifically, both ends of the opening 11 of the protective cylinder 1 are provided with slide grooves along the axial direction, and both ends of the baffle 2 are provided with protrusions that cooperate with the slide grooves, and the protrusions can slide relative to each other in the slide grooves.
[0052] During assembly, the protrusion of the baffle 2 is inserted into the grooves at both ends of the opening 11 of the protective cylinder 1, allowing the baffle 2 to move up and down along the axial direction of the opening 11 of the protective cylinder 1 under the guidance of the grooves. The protrusion is constrained by the trajectory of the grooves, preventing the baffle 2 from shifting laterally and ensuring that the baffle 2 remains at the opening 11 of the protective cylinder 1 during movement.
[0053] When the first driving component 5 applies driving force, the probe 3, the first connecting component 4 and the baffle 2 slide smoothly up and down under the sliding cooperation of the protrusion and the groove.
[0054] In some embodiments, the opening 11 of the sleeve 1 is provided with protrusions at both ends, and the two ends of the baffle 2 are provided with grooves that cooperate with the protrusions.
[0055] according to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in one embodiment of this application, the shearing device further includes a vibration source generating device 7, which includes a support 71, a drop hammer 72, a second connecting component 73, and a second driving assembly 74. The support 71 is fixedly installed on the ground of the drilling attachment. One end of the second connecting component 73 is fixedly connected to the drop hammer 72, and the other end of the second connecting component 73 is fixedly connected to the second driving assembly 74. The second driving assembly 74 is used to drive the retraction and extension of the second connecting component 73, thereby pulling the drop hammer 72 to the top of the support 71 and driving the rise and fall of the drop hammer 72.
[0056] During operation, the second drive component 74 is activated, pulling the second connecting component 73 to tighten and lifting the drop hammer 72 to the top of the support 71; then the control release is activated, and the drop hammer 72 falls under the action of gravity, hitting the ground or impact plate, generating a vibration signal. The vibration signal propagates to the stratum in the form of shear waves and is transmitted to the probe 3 installed on the baffle 2 through the opening 11 of the casing 1, thereby completing the wave velocity test at this depth.
[0057] The shearing device of this application raises the drop hammer 72 to a preset height through the second drive component 74. After release, it falls naturally and generates a strong impact, generating a stable shear wave signal. At the same time, the second drive component 74 can precisely control the raising height of the drop hammer 72, thereby adjusting the intensity of the excitation signal to meet the testing requirements of different depths.
[0058] In some embodiments, the second connecting member 73 may be a steel wire rope.
[0059] according to Figure 2 As shown in one embodiment of this application, the seismic source generating device 7 further includes a buffer pad 75, which is disposed on the underside of the drop hammer 72. When the drop hammer 72 falls freely, the underside of the drop hammer 72 first contacts the buffer pad 75, which absorbs part of the impact force, reducing the direct hard collision between the drop hammer 72 and the ground, and extending the service life of the drop hammer 72. The buffer pad 75 can also reduce the risk of the drop hammer 72 rebounding, improving the safety of on-site operations.
[0060] according to Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the opening 11 of the casing 1 faces the direction of the vibration source generating device 7, and the shear wave can smoothly pass through the opening 11 and enter the interior of the casing 1 during propagation, and be received by the probe 3.
[0061] The shearing device of this application designs the relative position of the probe 3 and the baffle 2 using the angle of repose parameter, ensuring that the probe 3 is always in an area not covered by the collapse cone. As the baffle 2 moves upward, it simultaneously blocks the collapsing sand, further reducing the risk of the probe 3 being buried. An opening 11 is provided in the casing 1, facing the seismic source generating device 7, ensuring that the shear wave can effectively pass through the opening 11, reducing the shielding effect. During borehole exploration, the shearing device of this application can both prevent borehole collapse from burying the probe 3 and ensure the true propagation and accurate reception of the shear wave signal, balancing equipment safety and signal effectiveness.
[0062] In the description of this specification, the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "some examples," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" indicates that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0063] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application.
Claims
1. A shearing device, characterized in that: include A casing, wherein the casing is disposed inside the borehole and the casing has at least one opening; A baffle, which is slidably disposed at the opening of the protective cylinder along the axial direction of the protective cylinder; The probe is disposed inside the protective casing, and the positional relationship between the probe and the baffle is limited as follows: in, The horizontal distance between the probe and the bottom side of the baffle is [missing information]. The vertical distance between the probe and the bottom side of the baffle. The angle of repose of the accumulated slope; A first driving component is used to drive the baffle and the probe to move axially.
2. The shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first connecting component, through which the probe is fixedly connected to the baffle.
3. The shearing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first driving assembly includes a first driving component, which is used to drive the overall movement of the baffle, the probe and the first connecting component.
4. The shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving component includes a second driving component and a third driving component. The second driving component is used to drive the probe to move, and the third driving component is used to drive the baffle to move.
5. The shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sides of the baffle are connected to the two ends of the opening of the protective cylinder via slide rails.
6. The shearing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The opening of the casing is provided with grooves at both ends, and the baffle is provided with protrusions at both ends that cooperate with the grooves.
7. The shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a seismic source generating device, which includes a support, a drop hammer, a second connecting component, and a second driving component. The two ends of the second connecting component are respectively connected to the drop hammer and the second driving component. The second driving component pulls the drop hammer to the top of the support through the second connecting component.
8. The shearing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration source generating device also includes a buffer pad, which is disposed on the underside of the drop hammer.
9. The shearing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The opening faces the vibration source generating device.
10. The shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probe is positioned at the center of the protective casing.