Claw-pole stepping motor with encoder
By designing a cover plate to cover the rotating shaft and vertical shaft in the claw-pole stepper motor, and by using a clearance fit between the output shaft and the bushing, the problems of dust intrusion and loose cover connection are solved by using a hook and reinforcing plate structure, thus improving stability and robustness.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HUNAN RUIYI MOTOR MFG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing claw-pole stepper motors are susceptible to dust and debris intrusion, output shaft misalignment, and loose cover connections that can easily detach.
The design employs a cover plate to conceal the rotating shaft and vertical shaft, with the output shaft fitted with a clearance within the bushing. A hook structure secures the cover, and reinforcement plates and fasteners enhance the connection.
It effectively prevents dust and debris from entering, improves the rotational stability of the output shaft and the firmness of the cover connection, reduces offset, and is easy to install and not easy to fall off.
Smart Images
Figure CN224401321U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of motor technology, specifically to a claw-pole stepper motor with an encoder. Background Technology
[0002] The stator phase windings of a claw-pole stepper motor are axially positioned, and the stator magnetic poles, called claw poles, are stamped from magnetically conductive steel plates. The rotor is a cylindrical permanent magnet with an output shaft mounted at its center. Its working principle is based on the interaction between a magnetic field and an electric current. When current is supplied to the motor windings through the driver, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the windings. This rotating magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, causing the claw pole assembly to experience force and begin to rotate. By controlling the direction and magnitude of the current, the rotation angle and speed of the motor can be controlled.
[0003] Claw-pole stepper motors with encoders combine the advantages of both claw-pole stepper motors and encoders. An encoder is a sensor used to detect the motor's rotation angle, speed, and position. Claw-pole stepper motors use the encoder to provide feedback signals, enabling closed-loop control.
[0004] Existing stepper motors suffer from several drawbacks. Dust and debris can easily get between the gears, increasing resistance and even causing them to jam. The output shaft may also experience significant offset during rotation. Furthermore, the upper and lower covers, as well as the lower cover and the top cover, are secured using either adhesive or screws. Adhesive bonding is prone to failure and detachment, while screw installation is cumbersome due to the large number of screws. Additionally, the thin top cover (typically less than 1 mm) results in limited contact area between the screws and their holes, further contributing to the risk of screws coming loose. Utility Model Content
[0005] This invention provides a claw-pole stepper motor with an encoder to solve the problems of foreign objects such as dust and debris entering between the gears, causing the output shaft to deviate during rotation, and the top cover, bottom cover, and top cover easily falling off.
[0006] A claw-pole stepper motor with an encoder includes a motor body, a top cover fixed to the top of the motor body, a lower cover and an upper cover sequentially mounted on the top of the top cover. The motor body includes a housing, a lead box mounted on the side wall of the housing, a rotating shaft, four vertical shafts arranged in an arc around the output shaft, and an output shaft. Each shaft is equipped with sequentially meshing gears to transmit power from the rotating shaft to the output shaft. A cover plate is installed inside the lower cover, covering the upper ends of the rotating shaft and the four vertical shafts. A bushing is installed on the top cover, and a shaft hole is opened on the upper cover. One end of the output shaft is rotatably mounted in the bushing, and the other end is fitted with a clearance between the shaft and the shaft hole. The cover plate is fitted with a communication terminal that is electrically connected to the encoder. A magnetic ring is sleeved on the output shaft between the cover plate and the upper cover. The cover plate has multiple lower slots along the radial direction, and the outer wall of the upper cover has multiple upper slots along the radial direction. The lower and upper slots are arranged in a regular ring. The lower outer wall of the lower cover has multiple lower hooks along the axial direction. The lower hooks are inserted into the lower slots to fix the cover plate and the lower cover. The upper outer wall of the lower cover has multiple upper hooks along the axial direction. The upper hooks are inserted into the upper slots to fix the cover plate and the upper cover.
[0007] In some embodiments, both the lower and upper slots are U-shaped slots, and a baffle is provided at the lower end of the upper slot; both the lower and upper hooks include a locking plate and a trapezoidal locking block disposed inside the free end of the locking plate, a guide slope is provided inside the trapezoidal locking block, and a locking surface is provided at the upper end of the trapezoidal locking block, with a gap formed between the locking surface and the end face of the lower cover; the trapezoidal locking block of the lower hook is located at the lower end of the cover, and the locking surface of the lower hook abuts against the lower end plane of the cover; the trapezoidal locking block of the upper hook is located in the upper slot at the upper end of the baffle, and the locking surface of the upper hook abuts against the upper end plane of the baffle.
[0008] In some embodiments, the top of the outer shell is regularly provided with multiple limiting grooves, and the outer wall of the cover is provided with multiple protruding limiting plates along the radial direction. The multiple limiting plates are correspondingly placed in the multiple limiting grooves to prevent the cover from rotating axially.
[0009] In some embodiments, the lower and upper hooks are elastic and can expand outward and automatically reset under external force.
[0010] In some embodiments, the lower hook and the upper hook are staggered and are not on the same vertical line.
[0011] In some embodiments, two reinforcing plates are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the housing and the lower cover, each reinforcing plate extending radially, and the two reinforcing plates on the same side are locked together by fasteners.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages:
[0013] 1. The cover plate covers the upper ends of the rotating shaft and the four vertical shafts and also covers each transmission gear, reducing the entry of foreign matters such as dust and debris;
[0014] 2. One end of the output shaft is rotatably installed in the shaft sleeve, and the other end has a clearance fit with the shaft hole, improving the rotational stability of the output shaft, reducing offset, and enhancing the accuracy of the rotational angle of the encoder sensing magnetic steel ring;
[0015] 3. Multiple lower hooks are correspondingly placed in multiple lower slots to make the face cover and the lower cover snap - fit and fixed; multiple upper hooks are axially arranged on the outer wall of the upper end of the lower cover, and the multiple upper hooks are placed in the positions of multiple upper slots to make the lower cover and the upper cover snap - fit and fixed; through the above - mentioned structure, the snap - fit and fixation between the face cover and the lower cover and between the lower cover and the upper cover are realized, which is convenient for installation, has a firm connection, and is not easy to fall off;
[0016] 4. Two reinforcing plates are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the housing and the lower cover, and each reinforcing plate extends radially. The two reinforcing plates on the same side are locked by fasteners. Through the above - mentioned structure, the connection firmness between components is further improved.
[0017] The additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will be further given in the following description. Some will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present utility model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The above - mentioned and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, where:
[0019] Figure 1 is the three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;
[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the split - structure schematic diagram of
[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the further split - structure schematic diagram of
[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged view of part A in
[0023] Figure 5 is the combined - structure schematic diagram of the face cover, the lower cover, and the upper cover;
[0024] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the split - structure schematic diagram of
[0025] Figure 7 is the structure schematic diagram of the upper cover;
[0026] Figure 8Yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the upward view structure;
[0027] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower cover.
[0028] Reference numerals:
[0029] Motor main body 1, face cover 2, lower cover 3, upper cover 4, outer shell 5, lead box 6,
[0030] Rotating shaft 7, vertical shaft 8, output shaft 9, cover plate 11, shaft sleeve 12, shaft hole 13,
[0031] Communication terminal 14, magnetic steel ring 15, lower card slot 16, upper card slot 17, lower hook
[0032] 18, upper hook 19, baffle 20, trapezoidal block 21, guiding inclined surface 22, card
[0033] Contact surface 23, card plate 24, limit slot 25, limit plate 26, reinforcement plate 27, screw
[0034] Hole 28. Specific embodiments
[0035] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that for the orientation description, such as the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
[0037] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. are understood as not including the present number, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood as including the present number. If the first and second are described only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of the indicated technical features.
[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0039] Reference Figures 1-9A claw-pole stepper motor with encoder includes a motor body 1, a cover 2 fixed to the top of the motor body 1, a lower cover 3 and an upper cover 4 sequentially mounted on the top of the cover 2. The motor body 1 includes a housing 5, a lead box 6 mounted on the side wall of the housing 5, a rotating shaft 7, four vertical shafts 8 arranged in an arc around an output shaft 9, and an output shaft 9. Each of the rotating shaft 7, the four vertical shafts 8, and the output shaft 9 is equipped with a gear. The multiple gears mesh sequentially to transmit the power of the rotating shaft 7 to the output shaft 9. The stepper motor's rotating shaft 7 driving the output shaft 9 through multiple gears is a common mechanical transmission method. This design can achieve multiple functions, including but not limited to deceleration, speed increase, and changing the direction of rotation. A cover plate 11 is installed inside the lower cover 3, which covers the upper ends of the rotating shaft 7 and the four vertical shafts 8, while simultaneously blocking the power of the output shaft 9. A gear cover; a lead box 6 is used to protect the motor leads, facilitate wiring and improve aesthetics. A through hole is provided on the cover plate 11 for the output shaft 9 to pass through; a bushing 12, which is roughly cylindrical, is installed on the face cover 2. A shaft hole 13 is provided on the upper cover 4. One end of the output shaft 9 is rotatably installed in the bushing 12, and the other end is clearance-fitted with the shaft hole 13 and extends vertically from the shaft hole 13 to keep the output shaft 9 in a vertical state and reduce offset and maintain stability when it rotates at high speed; an encoder and a communication terminal 14 electrically connected to the encoder are installed on the top of the cover plate 11. The communication terminal 14 can be used to convert the electrical signals generated inside the encoder into signals that can be recognized and processed by external devices, and plays a role in signal transmission, power connection, signal conditioning, forward and reverse judgment, zero position reference and fault diagnosis. A magnetic ring 15 is sleeved on the output shaft 9 between the cover plate 11 and the upper cover 4; multiple lower slots 16 are radially provided on the face cover 2, and multiple upper slots 17 are radially provided on the outer wall of the upper cover 4. The lower slots 16 and upper slots 17 are arranged in a regular ring; multiple lower hooks 18 are axially provided on the lower outer wall of the lower cover 3, and the multiple lower hooks 18 are correspondingly placed in the multiple lower slots 16 to fix the face cover 2 and the lower cover 3; multiple upper hooks 19 are axially provided on the upper outer wall of the lower cover 3, and the multiple upper hooks 19 are placed in the positions of the multiple upper slots 17 to fix the lower cover 3 and the upper cover 4. The above structure allows the cover plate to cover the upper ends of the rotating shaft and the four vertical shafts, and also covers each transmission gear, reducing the entry of foreign objects such as dust and debris; one end of the output shaft is rotatably installed in the bushing, and the other end is clearance-fitted with the shaft hole, improving the rotational stability of the output shaft, reducing offset, and improving the accuracy of the encoder sensing magnet ring rotation angle; the front cover and the lower cover are snap-fitted together, and the lower cover and the upper cover are snap-fitted together, making installation convenient, the connection firm, and not easy to fall off.
[0040] In some embodiments, both the lower slot 16 and the upper slot 17 are U-shaped slots. A baffle 20, a flat plate, is provided at the lower end of the upper slot 17 and is located within the upper slot 17, forming a stepped shape with the outer wall of the upper cover 4. Both the lower hook 18 and the upper hook 19 include a locking plate 24 with an arc-shaped outer wall, and a trapezoidal locking block 21 disposed on the inner side of the free end of the locking plate 24. A guide slope 22 is provided on the inner side of the trapezoidal locking block 21. During insertion into the slot, the guide slope 22 is compressed, causing the lower hook 18 and the upper hook 19 to deform and expand radially. When the compressive force dissipates... After being lost, it will automatically reset and lock; the upper end of the trapezoidal locking block 21 is provided with a locking surface 23, which is a plane, and a U-shaped gap is formed between the locking surface 23 and the end face of the lower cover 3; the trapezoidal locking block 21 of the lower hook 18 is located at the lower end of the cover 2, and the locking surface 23 of the lower hook 18 abuts against the lower end plane of the cover 2, and the two are in surface-to-surface contact, locking and fixing to prevent loosening; the trapezoidal locking block 21 of the upper hook 19 is located in the upper slot 17 at the upper end of the baffle 20, and the locking surface 23 of the upper hook 19 abuts against the upper end plane of the baffle 20, and the two are in surface-to-surface contact, locking and fixing to prevent loosening.
[0041] In some embodiments, the top of the outer shell 5 is regularly provided with three limiting grooves 25, and the outer wall of the cover 2 is provided with three outwardly protruding limiting plates 26. The three limiting plates 26 are correspondingly placed in the three limiting grooves 25 to prevent the cover 2 from rotating axially and to ensure a firm connection.
[0042] In some embodiments, the lower hook 18 and the upper hook 19 are elastic, capable of expanding outward and automatically resetting under external force; after the hooks are inserted into the slots, the two are automatically connected and fixed; specifically, the lower cover 3, the lower hook 18, and the upper hook 19 can be integrally injection molded from plastic, which is convenient and quick, and has a certain degree of elasticity.
[0043] In some embodiments, the lower hook 18 and the upper hook 19 are staggered and not on the same vertical line; the staggered arrangement facilitates processing and installation, and ensures uniform force distribution.
[0044] In some embodiments, two reinforcing plates 27 are symmetrically arranged on the outer walls of the outer shell 5 and the lower cover 3. Each reinforcing plate 27 extends radially and has corresponding screw holes 28. The two reinforcing plates 27 on the same side are locked together by fasteners passing through the screw holes 28. The fasteners can be screws, bolts or bolts. The above structure further improves the connection between components, and only one or two fasteners are needed on each side for fixation, which is simple and convenient.
[0045] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A claw-pole stepper motor with an encoder, comprising a motor body, a cover fixed to the top of the motor body, a lower cover and an upper cover sequentially mounted on the top of the cover, the motor body comprising a housing, a lead box mounted on the side wall of the housing, a rotating shaft, four vertical shafts arranged in an arc around the output shaft, and an output shaft, each shaft having sequentially meshing gears mounted on it to transmit power from the rotating shaft to the output shaft, characterized in that: A cover plate is installed inside the lower cover, covering the upper ends of the rotating shaft and four vertical shafts; a bushing is installed on the front cover, and a shaft hole is opened on the upper cover. One end of the output shaft is rotatably installed in the bushing, and the other end is clearance-fitted with the shaft hole and extends vertically from the shaft hole; a communication terminal electrically connected to the encoder is installed on the top of the cover plate, and a magnetic steel ring is sleeved on the output shaft between the cover plate and the upper cover; multiple lower slots are radially opened on the front cover, and multiple upper slots are radially opened on the outer wall of the upper cover. The lower and upper slots are regularly distributed in a ring; multiple lower hooks are axially arranged on the lower outer wall of the lower cover, and the multiple lower hooks are correspondingly inserted into the multiple lower slots to lock the front cover and the lower cover in place; multiple upper hooks are axially arranged on the upper outer wall of the lower cover, and the multiple upper hooks are inserted into the multiple upper slots to lock the lower cover and the upper cover in place.
2. The claw-pole stepper motor with encoder as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the lower and upper slots are U-shaped slots, with a baffle at the lower end of the upper slot. Both the lower and upper hooks include a locking plate and a trapezoidal locking block located inside the free end of the locking plate. The trapezoidal locking block has a guide slope on its inner side and a locking surface at its upper end, forming a gap between the locking surface and the end face of the lower cover. The trapezoidal locking block of the lower hook is located at the lower end of the cover, and the locking surface of the lower hook abuts against the lower end plane of the cover. The trapezoidal locking block of the upper hook is located in the upper slot at the upper end of the baffle, and the locking surface of the upper hook abuts against the upper end plane of the baffle.
3. The claw-pole stepper motor with encoder as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the outer shell has multiple limiting grooves, and the outer wall of the cover has multiple protruding limiting plates along the radial direction. The multiple limiting plates are placed into the multiple limiting grooves to prevent the cover from rotating axially.
4. The claw-pole stepper motor with encoder as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The lower and upper hooks are elastic, allowing them to expand outward and automatically reset under external force.
5. The claw-pole stepper motor with encoder as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The lower and upper hooks are staggered and not on the same vertical line.
6. The claw-pole stepper motor with encoder as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Two reinforcing plates are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the outer shell and the lower cover. Each reinforcing plate extends radially and is locked together by fasteners on the same side.