Wireless monitoring terminal and wireless ad hoc network device
By using wireless monitoring terminals and self-organizing network devices, the problem of slow gas flow inside coal piles was solved, enabling rapid real-time monitoring of designated depth areas in coal piles, improving detection efficiency and accuracy, and ensuring production safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XUZHOU JI AN MINING TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the slow gas flow inside coal piles leads to a lag in temperature and gas parameter monitoring, making it impossible to achieve rapid real-time monitoring. This affects the timeliness of early warning for spontaneous combustion of coal, resulting in resource waste and economic losses.
The device employs a wireless monitoring terminal, with an air inlet at the top and a gas sensor and guide fan at the bottom. The guide fan increases the gas flow speed, and the device, combined with a wireless self-organizing network, enables real-time data transmission and rapid acquisition of temperature and gas parameters at a specified depth in the coal pile.
It enables rapid acquisition and real-time monitoring of gas data in a specified depth area of a coal pile, improving detection efficiency and accuracy, reducing the risk of damage to circuit components, and ensuring production safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN224416159U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal monitoring technology, and in particular to a wireless self-organizing network device. Background Technology
[0002] Coal mines, thermal power plants, ports, and open-pit coal yards are important places for storing or using coal. Their coal storage yards store large amounts of coal. After being transported to the coal storage yard, the coal is dumped and piled up to form coal piles. These coal piles are exposed to the open environment for a long time, and are affected by natural environmental factors such as wind, sun, and rain. They come into full contact with oxygen in the air. When the temperature of the coal in some areas inside the coal pile reaches the ignition point, spontaneous combustion of the coal is likely to occur. Once spontaneous combustion occurs, its spread is rapid, and the affected area gradually increases, eventually leading to the spontaneous combustion of the entire coal pile, resulting in a large waste of coal resources and economic losses.
[0003] In related technologies, as the temperature of coal gradually rises in certain areas within a coal pile, its location becomes difficult to pinpoint. Furthermore, the combustion process of coal piles produces large amounts of toxic and harmful gases, such as carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide, causing environmental pollution. Spontaneous combustion of coal piles seriously threatens the production safety of coal storage or consumption sites. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor carbon monoxide, a hallmark gas of fire, while simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the coal pile. By observing the rising trend of carbon monoxide, timely intervention and prevention can be implemented to ensure production and environmental safety. Due to the large volume and compacted nature of coal piles, existing monitoring methods for coal pile temperature and flammable gases such as carbon monoxide typically involve vertically inserting a monitoring probe into the coal pile. Multiple parameter sensors inside the probe are distributed along its length. To ensure the accuracy of the monitoring results, the air inlet of the monitoring probe is located at its end.
[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the gas inside a coal pile tends to be concentrated and flows slowly. When a monitoring probe is inserted to a designated depth in the coal pile, the gas in that area rises very slowly after entering the probe, requiring a considerable amount of time to collect and monitor gas parameters such as temperature and carbon monoxide in that area. This results in a delay in fire early warning due to temperature and gas detection, making it impossible to quickly achieve real-time monitoring of temperature and gas parameters in that area. Consequently, it affects the timeliness of subsequent intervention and prevention. If spontaneous combustion of coal occurs, it will lead to a waste of coal resources and economic losses. Utility Model Content
[0005] To achieve rapid acquisition and real-time monitoring of temperature and gas parameters at a specified depth in a coal pile, this application provides a wireless monitoring terminal and a wireless self-organizing network device.
[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] On one hand, this application provides a wireless monitoring terminal, which is hollow and includes a pole body, a pole head, and a pole tail. The two ends of the pole body are detachably connected to the pole head and the pole tail, respectively. The pole head is equipped with a temperature sensor and has several air inlets along its circumference. The pole tail is equipped with a gas sensor and a sensor adapter plate. Both the temperature sensor and the gas sensor are electrically connected to the sensor adapter plate. The sensor adapter plate is electrically connected to a wireless terminal circuit board. The wireless terminal circuit board is electrically connected to a power supply and a drive motor. The output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a guide fan blade. The gas sensor is located between the guide fan blade and the sensor adapter plate. The wireless terminal circuit board is electrically connected to a wireless module for transmitting and receiving data. The wireless module is electrically connected to a wireless data transmitter for transmitting data.
[0008] Optionally, the rod tail is provided with a number of ventilation holes adapted to the guide fan blades, and the ventilation holes are arranged circumferentially along the guide fan blades.
[0009] Optionally, a rain cap adapted to the ventilation hole is fitted on the outside of the rod tail, and there is a gap between the rain cap and the ventilation hole.
[0010] Optionally, a heat insulation sleeve is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the rod tail, and the heat insulation sleeve is located between the sensor adapter plate and the rod tail.
[0011] Optionally, a waterproof pad is fixedly connected to one end of the wireless terminal circuit board near the pole body, and the waterproof pad abuts against the inner wall of the pole tail in the circumferential direction.
[0012] Optionally, a folding guide plate is fixed inside the rod body, and the folding guide plate is arranged along the length direction of the rod body.
[0013] Optionally, the rod head is provided with a double-layer filter screen that matches the air inlet. The double-layer filter screen includes an inner screen and an outer screen, both of which have filter holes. The outer screen is positioned close to the air inlet.
[0014] Optionally, the rod head is fixed with tapered heads at both ends along its length.
[0015] On the other hand, this application provides a wireless self-organizing network device. Based on the aforementioned wireless monitoring terminal, the wireless data transmitter is wirelessly connected to a wireless monitoring receiver, and the wireless monitoring receiver is wired to a host computer. A wireless repeater is provided between the wireless monitoring receiver and the wireless data transmitter. The wireless repeater is used to forward the received data and is wirelessly connected to both the wireless monitoring receiver and the wireless data transmitter.
[0016] Optionally, the wireless monitoring receiver and the wireless data transmitter use LoRa wireless communication; the wireless repeater, the wireless data transmitter, and the wireless monitoring receiver all use LoRa wireless communication.
[0017] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0018] 1. Insert the rod head into the designated depth area of the coal pile. The gas in this area enters the rod head through the air inlet. The temperature sensor and gas sensor transmit the collected temperature and gas data to the wireless module on the wireless terminal circuit board. The wireless module then transmits the temperature and gas data to the wireless data transmitter. The wireless data transmitter then transmits the data to the wireless monitoring receiver. The wireless monitoring receiver then transmits the data to the host computer. The drive motor output shaft drives the guide fan blades to rotate. The gas sensor is located between the guide fan blades and the sensor adapter plate. The rotation of the guide fan blades increases the gas flow speed from bottom to top, allowing the gas to flow to the gas sensor more quickly, thus realizing rapid acquisition and real-time monitoring of gas data within the designated depth area of the coal pile.
[0019] 2. A folding guide plate is installed so that after the high-temperature gas moves upward, the condensed water vapor adheres to the surface of the folding guide plate, which condenses the water vapor at the rod body in advance, reducing the amount of water vapor entering the rod tail and avoiding excessive water vapor at the top from damaging the circuit components.
[0020] 3. The double-layer filter screen effectively blocks coal dust, reducing the probability of coal dust clogging the air inlet. The filter holes on the inner and outer screens ensure normal gas flow into the wireless monitoring terminal, which helps to ensure detection speed and improve detection efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wireless monitoring terminal provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rod tail structure.
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clubhead structure.
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the folding guide vane.
[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-layer filter.
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control mechanism of a wireless self-organizing network device provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Wireless monitoring terminal; 2. Wireless monitoring receiver; 3. Host computer; 4. Pole body; 5. Pole head; 6. Pole tail; 7. Temperature sensor; 8. Air inlet; 9. Gas sensor; 10. Sensor adapter board; 11. Guide fan blade; 12. Wireless module; 13. Wireless data transmitter; 14. Ventilation vent; 15. Rain cap; 16. Heat insulation sleeve; 17. Waterproof gasket; 18. Folding guide plate; 19. Double-layer filter; 20. Inner mesh; 21. Outer mesh; 22. Conical head; 23. Wireless repeater; 24. Top cover; 25. Wireless terminal circuit board. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to all the accompanying drawings.
[0029] Example 1
[0030] Embodiment 1 of this application discloses a wireless monitoring terminal.
[0031] Reference Figure 1 A wireless monitoring terminal 1 is described. The wireless monitoring terminal 1 is hollow and includes a pole body 4, a pole head 5, and a pole tail 6. The two ends of the pole body 4 are detachably connected to the pole head 5 and the pole tail 6, respectively. The pole body 4, pole head 5, and pole tail 6 are made of alloy steel to ensure overall rigidity. The two ends of the pole body 4 can be connected to the pole head 5 and pole tail 6 as a single unit using threaded connections or other methods.
[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The rod head 5 houses a temperature sensor 7, which can be a PT100 temperature sensor. The rod tail 6 houses a gas sensor 9, which can be a carbon monoxide sensor, a methane sensor, etc. A ZE730 type carbon monoxide sensor can be used, and an MH-441D type methane gas sensor can be used. The specific type of gas sensor can be installed and used according to the actual monitoring requirements. The rod head 5 has multiple circumferential air inlets 8, and a sensor adapter plate 10 is installed inside the rod tail 6. Both the temperature sensor 7 and the gas sensor 9 are electrically connected to the sensor adapter plate 10.
[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The sensor adapter board 10 is electrically connected to a wireless terminal circuit board 25, which is electrically connected to a power supply. The power supply is a lithium battery and powers the sensor adapter board 10. The wireless terminal circuit board 25 is electrically connected to a wireless module 12 for transmitting and receiving data. The wireless module 12 is electrically connected to a wireless data transmitter 13 for transmitting data, which uses an antenna. A top cover 24, adapted to the wireless data transmitter 13, is threaded onto the end of the pole tail 6 opposite to the pole body 4. The top cover 24 protects the wireless data transmitter 13 and ensures normal data transmission.
[0034] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 When in use, the wireless monitoring terminal 1 inserts the rod head 5 into a designated depth area of the coal pile. The gas in the environment of this area enters the rod head 5 through the air inlet 8. Then, the temperature sensor 7 collects and monitors the gas temperature data, and the gas sensor 9 collects and monitors the gas composition and content. The temperature sensor 7 and the gas sensor 9 transmit the collected temperature data and gas data to the sensor adapter board 10, and then the sensor adapter board 10 transmits the data to the wireless module 12 of the wireless terminal circuit board 25. The wireless module 12 then forwards the temperature data and gas data to the wireless data transmitter 13.
[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The wireless terminal circuit board 25 is electrically connected to a drive motor, and the output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a guide fan blade 11. The wireless terminal circuit board 25 provides power to the drive motor, which in turn drives the output shaft of the drive motor to rotate, thereby rotating the guide fan blade 11. Since the air inlet 8 is located at the rod head 5 and the gas sensor 9 is located at the rod tail 6, the gas rises slowly after entering the air inlet 8. The gas sensor 9 is located between the guide fan blade 11 and the sensor adapter plate 10. The rotation of the guide fan blade 11 increases the upward flow speed of the gas, allowing the gas to flow to the gas sensor 9 more quickly, thus enabling rapid acquisition and real-time monitoring of gas data within a specified depth area of the coal pile.
[0036] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 When the wireless monitoring terminal 1 is inserted into the coal pile, the upper end of the rod 4 and the rod tail 6 are located above the coal pile and exposed to the external environment. The rod tail 6 has multiple ventilation holes 14 that are adapted to the guide fan blades 11. The ventilation holes 14 are arranged circumferentially along the guide fan blades 11. Gas flows from bottom to top through the guide fan blades 11 and is discharged from the ventilation holes 14, preventing high-temperature gas from accumulating at the rod tail 6 and causing an increase in gas temperature and concentration, which helps to ensure the accuracy of the collected parameter results.
[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The pole tail 6 is fitted with a rigid rain cap 15 that matches the ventilation hole 14. There is a gap between the rain cap 15 and the ventilation hole 14. The rain cap 15 protects the ventilation hole 14, preventing external rainwater and other impurities from entering the pole tail 6 through the ventilation hole 14. It also prevents debris from clogging the ventilation hole 14 and prevents external air from flowing back into the wireless monitoring terminal 1. Furthermore, the rain cap 15, together with the ventilation hole 14, the pole body 4, and the hot air inside the pole body 4, forms a "chimney effect," which can enhance the air intake and exhaust effect of the wireless monitoring terminal 1. It can accelerate the introduction of new gas at the air intake hole 8 and accelerate the exhaust of gas from the wireless monitoring terminal 1 through the ventilation hole 14.
[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Since the pole tail 6 is exposed to sunlight for a long time, a heat insulation sleeve 16 is fixed to the inner wall of the pole tail 6. The heat insulation sleeve 16 is located between the sensor adapter plate 10 and the pole tail 6. The heat insulation sleeve 16 is made of ceramic fiber, which has a certain rigidity and good heat insulation effect. The heat insulation sleeve 16 helps to reduce the influence of the external environment on the internal temperature of the wireless monitoring terminal 1, which is conducive to ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring data of the temperature sensor 7.
[0039] Reference Figure 2 A waterproof gasket 17 is fixedly connected to one end of the wireless terminal circuit board 25 near the pole body 4. The waterproof gasket 17 abuts against the inner wall of the pole tail 6 in the circumferential direction. Water vapor is present in the high-temperature gas. After entering the wireless monitoring terminal 1, the high-temperature gas is prone to condensation when it flows upward. The waterproof gasket 17 can block the high-temperature gas and prevent it from flowing to the wireless terminal circuit board 25, thus avoiding the condensation of water vapor on the wireless terminal circuit board 25. This helps to protect the wireless terminal circuit board 25, ensure its normal use, and extend its service life.
[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 A folding guide plate 18 is installed inside the rod body 4. The folding guide plate 18 is set along the length of the rod body 4, and is made of stainless steel with a "Z"-shaped cross-section. The folding guide plate 18 is set so that after the high-temperature gas moves upward, the condensed water vapor adheres to the surface of the folding guide plate 18, and the water vapor is condensed in advance at the rod body 4, reducing the amount of water vapor entering the rod tail 6, and avoiding damage to the circuit components caused by excessive water vapor at the top.
[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5The rod head 5 is equipped with a double-layer filter 19 that mates with the air inlet 8. The double-layer filter 19 includes an inner mesh 20 and an outer mesh 21, both of which have filter holes. Both the inner mesh 20 and the outer mesh 21 are made of stainless steel, with the inner mesh 20 having a larger mesh count than the outer mesh 21. The outer mesh 21 is positioned closer to the air inlet 8. The double-layer filter 19 effectively blocks coal dust, reducing the probability of coal dust clogging the air inlet 8. The filter holes on the inner mesh 20 and the outer mesh 21 ensure normal gas flow into the wireless monitoring terminal 1, which helps to ensure detection speed and improve detection efficiency. At the same time, the double-layer filter 19 can be removed from the end of the rod head 5 near the rod body 4, facilitating regular disassembly and cleaning to ensure normal air intake.
[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The rod head 5 has tapered heads 22 fixed at both ends along its length, which facilitates the rapid insertion of the wireless monitoring terminal 1 into the coal pile and reduces the compression of the air inlet 8 caused by the coal pile. The tapered heads 22 are made of alloy steel to ensure the rigidity of the wireless monitoring terminal 1 when it is inserted.
[0043] The implementation principle of a wireless self-organizing network device according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: A rod head 5 is inserted into a designated depth area of a coal pile. Gas in this area enters the rod head 5 through the air inlet 8. Temperature sensor 7 collects and monitors gas temperature data, and gas sensor 9 collects and monitors gas composition and content. The temperature sensor 7 and gas sensor 9 transmit the collected temperature and gas data to a sensor adapter board 10, which then transmits the data to the wireless module 12 of the wireless terminal circuit board 25. The wireless module 12 then transmits the temperature and gas data to the wireless data transmitter 13. The output shaft of the drive motor rotates the guide fan blades 11. The gas sensor 9 is located between the guide fan blades 11 and the sensor adapter board 10. The rotation of the guide fan blades 11 increases the upward flow speed of the gas, allowing the gas to flow quickly to the gas sensor 9, thus achieving rapid collection of gas data within the designated depth area of the coal pile.
[0044] Example 2
[0045] Reference Figure 6 A wireless self-organizing network device includes a wireless data transmitter 13 wirelessly connected to a wireless monitoring receiver 2. The wireless monitoring receiver 2 and the wireless data transmitter 13 communicate wirelessly via LoRa. The wireless monitoring receiver 2 is connected to a host computer 3 via a wired network cable, enabling real-time communication and ensuring data upload.
[0046] Reference Figure 6The wireless data transmitter 13 then transmits the data to the wireless monitoring receiver 2, which in turn transmits it to the host computer 3. Operators can then monitor the coal pile temperature and gas parameters in real time via the host computer 3. It should be understood that the physical network cable used in this application does not refer to a specific network cable; it can be selected based on the actual connection relationship of the devices. For example, it can be a regular wire, network cable, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, or other bus cable, etc., all capable of signal transmission.
[0047] Reference Figure 6 A wireless repeater 23 is installed between the wireless monitoring receiver 2 and the wireless data transmitter 13. The wireless repeater 23 is used to forward the received data. The wireless repeater 23, the wireless data transmitter 13, and the wireless monitoring receiver 2 all use LoRa wireless communication. The wireless repeater 23 is placed in an open environment, ensuring no obstructions between it and the communication equipment. The wireless repeater 23 is powered by AC220V or DC12V according to the equipment requirements. The wireless repeater 23 increases the wireless transmission distance and extends the monitoring range, enabling operators to remotely monitor the temperature and gas parameters of the coal pile in real time.
[0048] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0049] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0050] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A wireless monitoring terminal, characterized by: The wireless monitoring terminal (1) is hollow and includes a pole body (4), a pole head (5), and a pole tail (6). The two ends of the pole body (4) are detachably connected to the pole head (5) and the pole tail (6), respectively. The pole head (5) is equipped with a temperature sensor (7) and several air inlets (8) are opened around the pole head (5). The pole tail (6) is equipped with a gas sensor (9) and a sensor adapter plate (10). The temperature sensor (7) and the gas sensor (9) are electrically connected to the sensor adapter plate (10). The sensor adapter board (10) is electrically connected to the wireless terminal circuit board (25). The wireless terminal circuit board (25) is electrically connected to a power supply and a drive motor. The output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a guide fan blade (11). The gas sensor (9) is located between the guide fan blade (11) and the sensor adapter board (10). The wireless terminal circuit board (25) is electrically connected to a wireless module (12) for transmitting and receiving data. The wireless module (12) is electrically connected to a wireless data transmitter (13) for transmitting data.
2. The wireless monitoring terminal of claim 1, wherein: The tail of the rod (6) is provided with a number of ventilation holes (14) that are adapted to the guide fan blades (11), and the ventilation holes (14) are arranged circumferentially along the guide fan blades (11).
3. A wireless monitoring terminal according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tail of the rod (6) is fitted with a rain cap (15) that is compatible with the ventilation hole (14), and there is a gap between the rain cap (15) and the ventilation hole (14).
4. A wireless monitoring terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat insulation sleeve (16) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the rod tail (6), and the heat insulation sleeve (16) is located between the sensor adapter plate (10) and the rod tail (6).
5. A wireless monitoring terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waterproof pad (17) is fixedly connected to one end of the wireless terminal circuit board (25) near the rod body (4), and the waterproof pad (17) abuts against the inner wall of the rod tail (6) in the circumferential direction.
6. A wireless monitoring terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: A folding guide plate (18) is fixed inside the rod (4), and the folding guide plate (18) is arranged along the length direction of the rod (4).
7. A wireless monitoring terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod head (5) is provided with a double-layer filter (19) that cooperates with the air inlet (8). The double-layer filter (19) includes an inner mesh (20) and an outer mesh (21). Both the inner mesh (20) and the outer mesh (21) are provided with filter holes. The outer mesh (21) is located close to the air inlet (8).
8. A wireless monitoring terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod head (5) has tapered heads (22) fixed at both ends along its length.
9. A wireless self-organizing network device, characterized in that: Based on the wireless monitoring terminal according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the wireless data transmitter (13) is wirelessly connected to the wireless monitoring receiver (2), and the wireless monitoring receiver (2) is wired to the host computer (3); a wireless repeater (23) is provided between the wireless monitoring receiver (2) and the wireless data transmitter (13), the wireless repeater (23) is used to forward the received data, and the wireless repeater (23) is wirelessly connected to the wireless monitoring receiver (2) and the wireless data transmitter (13) respectively.
10. A wireless ad hoc network device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The wireless monitoring receiver (2) and the wireless data transmitter (13) use LoRa wireless communication; the wireless repeater (23) and the wireless data transmitter (13) and the wireless monitoring receiver (2) all use LoRa wireless communication.