Glass structure and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a glass structure and photovoltaic module, including glass base material, interconnect strip and bus bar, glass base material is provided with through -hole, and interconnect strip and bus bar all set up in the first surface of glass base material, and interconnect strip is provided with conductive pad, and bus bar is connected with interconnect strip, and bus bar is provided with the lead -out contact point in through -hole and is located in. Interconnect strip and bus bar all set up in the first surface of glass base material, can realize prefabricated circuit in the first surface of glass base material, when composing photovoltaic module, interconnect strip replaces traditional solder strip, thereby reaches the purpose of canceling solder strip welding process, can avoid the welding of solder strip and lead to the warping or fragment of battery piece, wherein the conductive pad of interconnect strip is connected with the battery piece, and the lead -out contact point of bus bar is used for transmitting electric energy to the outside.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a glass structure and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic cell technology, back contact (BC) technology improves conversion efficiency by removing the front grid lines of the cell and placing electrodes only on the back, thus reducing front shading. However, the encapsulation of back contact cell modules uses a solder ribbon welding process. When the back electrode of the cell is welded to the solder ribbon, the cell is heated as a whole. The localized high temperature at the solder ribbon connection point (e.g., 200~300℃) can cause thermal stress concentration in the cell, which can easily lead to warping after cooling, and in severe cases, even fragmentation. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a glass structure and photovoltaic module that enables prefabrication of circuits on a glass substrate, thereby eliminating the need for soldering.

[0004] On one hand, this utility model embodiment provides a glass structure, including:

[0005] Glass substrate with through holes;

[0006] An interconnecting strip is disposed on the first surface of the glass substrate, and conductive pads are provided on the interconnecting strip;

[0007] A busbar is disposed on the first surface of the glass substrate and connected to the interconnecting strip. Lead-out contacts are provided on the busbar and located within the through hole.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the interconnecting strip includes an N-type interconnecting strip and a P-type interconnecting strip, and the N-type interconnecting strip and the P-type interconnecting strip are respectively connected to the corresponding busbar.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the conductive pad protrudes from the surface of the interconnect strip.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the conductive pad is coated with flux.

[0011] On the other hand, this utility model embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, including a back glass, wherein the back glass adopts the glass structure described above.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes a solar cell and a back film, the back film and the solar cell being stacked sequentially on the back glass, the solar cell having conductive solder joints, the positions of the conductive solder joints being adapted to the positions of the conductive pads, and the back film having openings adapted to the conductive pads.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes a front glass and a front encapsulating film, wherein the front glass and the front encapsulating film are sequentially stacked on the solar cell.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the gap between the back glass and the battery cell is filled with an elastic buffer pad or coated with a buffer adhesive.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes a junction box, the bottom of which is provided with an extended conductive contact, the conductive contact being inserted into the through hole and conductively connected to the lead-out contact.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the photovoltaic module further includes: a solar cell, a back adhesive film, a front glass, a front adhesive film, and a junction box. The solar cell and the front glass are sequentially stacked on the back glass. The back adhesive film is adhered to the solar cell and the back glass. The front adhesive film is adhered to the solar cell and the front adhesive film. The solar cell is provided with conductive solder joints, which are welded to the conductive pads. The junction box is attached to the back glass and is conductively connected to the lead-out contacts.

[0017] The embodiments of this utility model have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] Both interconnect strips and busbars are located on the first side of the glass substrate, allowing for pre-fabrication of circuits on the first side. When assembling photovoltaic modules, interconnect strips replace traditional solder ribbons, thereby eliminating the need for solder ribbon welding and preventing cell warping or breakage caused by solder ribbon welding. The conductive pads of the interconnect strips are connected to the cells, while the lead-out contacts of the busbars are used for external power transmission.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the glass structure stacking according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the stacked structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the stacked structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the third schematic diagram of the stacked structure of the photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the back glass of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] Back glass 100, through hole 101, interconnect strip 110, conductive pad 111, busbar 120, lead-out contact 121, glass substrate 130, battery cell 200, conductive solder joint 210, back adhesive film 300, window opening 301, front glass 400, front adhesive film 500, junction box 600, conductive contact 610. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If "first," "second," etc., are used in the description, they are only for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the sequential relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "setting", "installation", "connection", etc. should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0033] The traditional manufacturing process of photovoltaic cells includes material preparation, cell welding, layout, stacking, and lamination. The cell welding process involves using welding ribbons to weld multiple cells 200 arranged on an assembly line, achieving series connection between them. Layout involves neatly stacking multiple sets of series-connected cells 200 onto the back glass 100 according to a preset arrangement. Stacking involves welding the busbar 120 to the welding ribbons of the multiple sets of cells 200 stacked on the back glass 100, achieving interconnection between them. Lamination refers to pressing the stacked back glass 100, back film 300, cells 200, front film 500, and front glass 400 together. During the cell welding process, when the back electrode of the cell 200 is welded to the welding ribbons, localized high temperatures (e.g., 200~300℃) can cause thermal stress concentration in the cell 200, leading to warping after cooling and, in severe cases, fragmentation. In addition, there is contact resistance at the welding interface between the welding ribbon and the electrode of the solar cell 200, which is usually ≥200mΩ, accounting for 300%~400% of the internal loss of the photovoltaic cell, resulting in low conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell. Furthermore, the tension of the welding ribbon during the welding process can easily cause microcracks in the solar cell 200, which will further increase the current transmission loss.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1This embodiment discloses a glass structure including a glass substrate 130, interconnecting strips 110, and busbars 120. The glass substrate 130 has a through hole 101. The interconnecting strips 110 and busbars 120 are both disposed on the first surface of the glass substrate 130. The interconnecting strip 110 has conductive pads 111, and the busbar 120 is connected to the interconnecting strip 110. The busbar 120 has lead-out contacts 121 disposed on the through hole 101. Typically, glass structures used in photovoltaic modules are flat and smooth, without any circuitry. However, this embodiment provides pre-fabricated circuitry on the glass substrate 130, including the interconnecting strips 110 and the busbars 120. The glass substrate 130 can be made of tempered glass, which has sufficient mechanical strength. Interconnect strips 110 and busbars 120 are prefabricated on the glass substrate 130 to provide electrical signal transmission channels. When the glass structure is applied to photovoltaic modules, the interconnect strips 110 on the glass substrate 130 can replace traditional solder strips to achieve interconnection between different solar cells 200. The conductive pads 111 on the interconnect strips 110 are used to connect with the solar cells 200. The interconnect strips 110 are connected to the busbars 120, which can output electrical signals to the outside. Through holes 101 are formed on the glass substrate 130, and lead-out contacts 121 are set on the busbars 120 and located in the through holes 101. The electrical signals collected by the busbars 120 can be output to the outside through the lead-out contacts 121.

[0035] With the above scheme, both the interconnect strip 110 and the busbar 120 are set on the first surface of the glass substrate 130, and the pre-fabricated circuit can be realized on the first surface of the glass substrate 130. When assembling the photovoltaic module, the interconnect strip 110 replaces the traditional solder strip, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating the solder strip welding process. This can avoid the solder strip welding causing the cell 200 to warp or break. The conductive pad 111 of the interconnect strip 110 is connected to the cell 200, and the lead-out contact 121 of the busbar 120 is used to transmit electrical energy to the outside.

[0036] The preparation method of glass structures is briefly described below:

[0037] A glass substrate 130 is provided and the glass substrate 130 is cleaned. A through hole 101 is formed on the glass substrate 130, and the through hole 101 penetrates through two opposite sides of the glass substrate 130.

[0038] The through hole 101 is plugged. The plugging material can be EVA material. EVA is short for Polyethylene Vinylacetate. The plugging treatment can fill the through hole 101, so that the glass substrate 130 can obtain a flat surface.

[0039] A first metal layer is processed on the first surface of the glass substrate 130 by magnetron sputtering to obtain a first semi-finished product;

[0040] A first photoresist is coated onto the surface of the first metal layer, and the first photoresist is exposed and developed to expose the area to be etched in the first metal layer; the area to be etched is then etched to form interconnect strips 110 and bus strips 120 in the first metal layer, resulting in a second semi-finished product; (Please refer to...) Figure 5 The interconnecting strip 110 includes N-type interconnecting strips and P-type interconnecting strips, which are respectively connected to the corresponding busbars 120. In use, the N-type interconnecting strip is used to connect to the negative terminal of the battery cell 200. The N-type interconnecting strip is equipped with N-type conductive pads, such as... Figure 5 The square pads shown on the left are P-type interconnects used to connect the positive electrode of the solar cell 200. The P-type interconnects have P-type conductive pads, such as... Figure 5 The circular pads are shown on the right. It should be noted that the shape of the conductive pads 111 shown in the figure is only for distinguishing types and is not the actual shape of the pads. Interconnect strips 110 of the same type are connected to corresponding busbars 120 to output electrical energy through the busbars 120. The N-type interconnect strips, the battery cells 200, and the P-type interconnect strips form a conductive path.

[0041] The first photoresist of the second semi-finished product is removed, and a second photoresist is coated on the second semi-finished product and exposed and developed to expose the busbar 120, wherein the busbar 120 can cover the through hole 101; the busbar 120 is electroplated to increase the thickness of the busbar 120.

[0042] Remove the plugging material from the through hole 101 to expose the through hole 101. The removal method is selected according to the plugging material and can be laser etching or chemical etching.

[0043] The second photoresist is removed, and a third photoresist is coated onto the second semi-finished product, followed by exposure and development to expose the electroplating areas of the interconnect strip 110 and the bus strip 120. Electroplating is then performed on the electroplating areas of the interconnect strip 110 and the bus strip 120 to form conductive pads 111 on the interconnect strip 110 and lead-out contacts 121 on the bus strip 120, respectively, to obtain the third semi-finished product. The conductive pads 111 protrude from the surface of the interconnect strip 110. For example, the thickness of the interconnect strip 110 is 20~30μm, while the thickness of the conductive pads 111 is 50~100μm. It is worth mentioning that when applied to photovoltaic modules, the conductive pads 111 on the glass substrate 130 are melted by the local alloying welding technology, so that the conductive pads 111 and the conductive solder joints 210 of the cell 200 are welded. Therefore, the conductive pads 111 protrude from the surface of the interconnect strip 110, which facilitates the melting of the conductive pads 111 without affecting the interconnect strip 110, and facilitates the connection between the conductive pads 111 and the conductive solder joints 210.

[0044] Remove the third photoresist from the third semi-finished product to obtain the fourth semi-finished product; coat the fourth photoresist on the fourth semi-finished product and perform exposure and development treatment to expose the lead-out contact 121; perform electroplating treatment on the lead-out contact 121 to increase the thickness of the lead-out contact 121.

[0045] Flux is applied to the surface of the conductive pad 111 for surface treatment. Thus, the surface of the conductive pad 111 is coated with flux, which facilitates the soldering of the conductive pad 111 to the conductive solder joint 210 of the battery cell 200.

[0046] This embodiment also provides a photovoltaic module, including a back glass 100, which adopts the glass structure described above. Thus, the interconnect strips 110 and busbars 120 are both disposed on the first surface of the glass substrate 130, allowing pre-fabricated circuitry to be implemented on the first surface of the glass substrate 130. When assembling the photovoltaic module, the interconnect strips 110 replace traditional solder ribbons, thereby eliminating the need for solder ribbon welding and preventing warping or breakage of the solar cells 200 caused by solder ribbon welding. The conductive pads 111 of the interconnect strips 110 are connected to the solar cells 200, and the lead-out contacts 121 of the busbars 120 are used for external power transmission.

[0047] To facilitate understanding of the technical concept of the photovoltaic module in this embodiment, the following explanation will be provided in conjunction with the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module.

[0048] At the beginning of production, materials need to be prepared, including back glass 100, solar cells 200, and back adhesive film 300, etc., with multiple solar cells 200. In traditional processes, the back glass 100 is a flat and smooth glass structure. However, in this embodiment, a pre-fabricated circuit is set on the back glass 100. The pre-fabricated circuit includes interconnecting strips 110 and busbars 120. The interconnecting strips 110 can replace traditional solder ribbons to achieve series connection between different solar cells 200. The solar cells 200 in this embodiment are XBC cells. The metal contacts (such as conductive solder joints 210) of the solar cells 200 are all located on the same side to facilitate connection with the interconnecting strips 110. XBC cell technology is a back contact solar cell technology. "X" represents that it can be combined with various technologies, such as TOPCon (tunneling oxide passivated contact) and HJT (heterojunction technology). It can be combined with TOPCon technology to form TBC, or with HJT technology to form HBC. The XBC battery places both the PN junction and metal contacts on the back of the battery, while the front is covered with an anti-reflective passivation film. This avoids the metal electrodes blocking the front surface, maximizing the utilization of incident light, reducing optical losses, and increasing the effective power generation area, thereby achieving high conversion efficiency and making the battery module more aesthetically pleasing. The busbar 120 and interconnecting strip 110 are pre-connected, eliminating the need for the traditional lap welding process; that is, there is no need to weld the busbar 120 to the solder strip.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 2 The photovoltaic module also includes a solar cell 200 and a back film 300. The back film 300 and the solar cell 200 are stacked sequentially on the back glass 100. The solar cell 200 is provided with conductive solder joints 210. The position of the conductive solder joints 210 is adapted to the position of the conductive pads 111. The back film 300 is provided with an opening position 301 adapted to the conductive pads 111.

[0050] The back adhesive film 300 can be made of EVA film, EPE film, or POE film, etc. EVA film is a thermosetting and adhesive film. EVA is short for Polyethylene vinylacetate. EPE stands for Expandable Polyethylene, a non-crosslinked closed-cell material made of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) through a physical foaming process. POE stands for Polyolefin Elastomer, a synthetic biodegradable polymer material. The back adhesive film 300 needs to be pre-processed with openings 301 whose position and size are adapted to the conductive pads 111, so that the conductive pads 111 and conductive solder joints 210 can be connected to each other after lamination assembly.

[0051] After stacking and assembling the back glass 100, the back adhesive film 300, and the solar cell 200, the aforementioned semi-finished structure of the photovoltaic module can be obtained. The back adhesive film 300, after subsequent lamination, serves to bond the back glass 100 and the solar cell 200 together.

[0052] In some application examples, the stacking assembly process includes: placing the back glass 100 on a platform for fixation, stacking the back adhesive film 300 on the back glass 100, and then stacking the solar cell 200 on the back adhesive film 300 to complete the stacking assembly. It should be noted that the stacking assembly process is usually completed by automated equipment with high alignment accuracy, ensuring precise alignment of the back glass 100, the back adhesive film 300, and the solar cell 200. For example, the position of the window 301 on the back adhesive film 300 can be adapted to the position of the conductive pad 111 on the back glass 100, and the position of the conductive solder joint 210 on the solar cell 200 can be adapted to the position of the conductive pad 111 on the back glass 100.

[0053] After completing the stacked assembly, the conductive pads 111 of the back glass 100 and the conductive solder joints 210 of the battery cell 200 need to be welded. Since the back glass 100 and the battery cell 200 are stacked together, and the conductive pads 111 and conductive solder joints 210 are located on opposite inner sides of the back glass 100 and the battery cell 200, it is difficult to weld them using conventional welding methods. In this embodiment, the conductive pads 111 and conductive solder joints 210 are locally alloyed. After local alloying welding, the conductive pads 111 melt and are welded to the conductive solder joints 210, thus achieving welding between the two. Furthermore, the short duration of local alloying welding avoids thermal stress concentration and effectively prevents the battery cell 200 from warping or fragmenting after welding cooling. Local alloying welding can be achieved using pulsed thermocompression welding technology. Pulsed thermocompression welding involves applying a certain pulse voltage to the hot press head, heating the hot press head, and raising the temperature of the object connected to the hot press head, thereby achieving the purpose of fusion welding. Conventional cell welding uses infrared heating to heat the entire cell 200, which then heats the solder strips on the cell 200 to connect with the main grid lines of the cell 200. This process is prone to uneven stress, which can cause the cell 200 to warp after welding. In this embodiment, the working temperature is controlled at 220~240℃, which can reduce the heat of welding to a certain extent. Moreover, the heating time is 8~10 seconds. While ensuring that the melting depth of the solder joint is ≥70%, the heating time is shortened, which can further reduce the concentration of thermal stress. Local heating is performed at the position where the back glass 100 and the conductive pad 111 are adapted, and the heat is radiated to the conductive solder joint 210 of the battery cell 200, so that the conductive pad 111 is in a hot melt state and connected to the conductive solder joint 210. There is no need to weld the battery cell 200, which can greatly reduce the stress problem of the battery cell 200. The pressure of the hot press head is 3~5N, and the applied pressure is small and evenly applied to the welding area. Since the solder strip is eliminated and the battery cell 200 is directly connected through the interconnecting strip 110, ultra-low stress is achieved, which can avoid local stress concentration and prevent the battery cell 200 from warping or breaking after cooling, thus ensuring the reliability of the battery cell 200.

[0054] In some application examples, the conductive pad 111 and the conductive solder joint 210 are mutually adaptable concave-convex structures. For example, the conductive pad 111 is an annular structure and the conductive solder joint 210 is a circular structure. The circular conductive solder joint 210 can be inserted into the middle of the annular conductive pad 111 to achieve a tight fit. Alternatively, in other application examples, the conductive pad 111 and the conductive solder joint 210 can both be mirror-symmetric structures, such as circular structures, and their surfaces are suitable for interconnection.

[0055] In some application examples, the surface of the conductive pad 111 is coated with flux. Flux helps improve the soldering performance between the conductive pad 111 and the conductive solder joint 210.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 2 After the back glass 100 and the solar cell 200 are welded together, the front glass 400, the front encapsulant film 500, and the aforementioned semi-finished structure can be stacked and assembled. Therefore, the photovoltaic module also includes the front glass 400 and the front encapsulant film 500, which are sequentially stacked on top of the solar cell 200. It should be considered that the front glass 400 and the front encapsulant film 500 can be prepared in advance during the material preparation stage. The material of the front glass 400 can be the same as that of the back glass 100, and the material of the front encapsulant film 500 can be the same as that of the back encapsulant film 300. It is worth mentioning that in traditional processes, the welding strips need to be welded using busbars 120 before the front encapsulant film 500 and the front glass 400 are stacked and assembled. Since the prefabricated circuit of the back glass 100 in this embodiment has already completed the interconnection of the busbars 120 and the interconnecting strips 110, and the conductive connection of the conductive pads 111 and the conductive solder joints 210 has been completed in the aforementioned steps, the basic circuit of the photovoltaic cell has been connected, and it can be directly laminated. Compared with the conventional process, the method of this embodiment can eliminate the welding process between the busbars 120 and the solder strips, which is beneficial to save materials and shorten production time, thereby reducing production costs and improving production efficiency. It is worth mentioning that no circuit structure is provided on the front glass 400 in this embodiment, therefore, the alignment accuracy requirements between the front glass 400 and the solar cell 200 and the back glass 100 can be reduced.

[0057] After the lamination assembly is completed, an elastic buffer pad or a buffer adhesive can be applied to the gap between the back glass 100 and the solar cell 200. Therefore, in some photovoltaic modules used in applications, the gap between the back glass 100 and the solar cell 200 is filled with an elastic buffer pad or coated with a buffer adhesive. Filling the gap between the solar cell 200 and the back glass 100 with an elastic buffer pad allows for the formation of a stress-relieving layer after lamination and curing, effectively preventing warping of the solar cell 200. The elastic buffer pad is typically a silicone sheet with a thickness of 0.1~0.2mm and a hardness of 50~60 Shore A. Alternatively, a buffer adhesive can be pre-applied to the gap between the edge of the solar cell 200 and the pre-fabricated circuitry of the back glass 100. This adhesive is then used to fill the gap during lamination, and after curing, forms a buffer layer with a hardness of 40~50 Shore A, preventing mechanical stress concentration. The buffer adhesive can be silicone rubber with a viscosity of 500~800 cP (centipoise). By filling gaps and applying segmented pressure, the uniformity of lamination pressure distribution can be effectively improved, reducing internal residual stress to below 5MPa, which is far lower than the ≥15MPa of traditional processes. This helps to improve the resistance to mechanical loads and thus avoid cell warping.

[0058] After the stacked assembly is completed, the semi-finished structure of the photovoltaic module in the stacked assembly state is sent into the lamination equipment for pressing, so that the back film 300 and the front film 500 undergo a chemical cross-linking reaction, thereby achieving bonding between the back glass 100 and the cell 200 through the back film 300, and bonding between the cell 200 and the front glass 400 through the front film 500.

[0059] Please refer to Figure 3 After the pressing is completed, the basic structure of the photovoltaic module is obtained. The junction box 600 can be installed on the back glass 100 so that the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module can be output to the outside through the junction box 600. Therefore, in some application examples, the photovoltaic module also includes a junction box 600. The bottom of the junction box 600 is provided with an extended conductive contact 610. The conductive contact 610 is inserted into the through hole 101 and conductively connected to the lead-out contact 121. Since the busbar 120 in this embodiment is prefabricated on the back glass 100, unlike the traditional bendable structure, the busbar 120 in this embodiment is directly connected to the conductive contact 610 of the junction box 600 through the lead-out contact 121. For example, the conductive contact 610 at the bottom of the junction box 600 protrudes from the bottom surface of the junction box 600 and has a certain mechanical strength. When the back glass 100 has a through hole 101, during assembly, the conductive contact 610 of the junction box 600 is inserted into the through hole 101 of the back glass 100 until the conductive contact 610 abuts against the lead-out contact 121 of the busbar 120, thereby realizing the conductive connection between the junction box 600 and the busbar 120. The assembly method is simple and convenient.

[0060] This embodiment utilizes a back glass 100 with pre-fabricated circuitry to interconnect multiple battery cells 200, eliminating the need for solder strips and soldering processes. This avoids warping or fragmentation of the battery cells 200 caused by solder strip welding, simplifies the manufacturing process, and improves processing efficiency.

[0061] After processing using the above-described preparation method, photovoltaic module products can be obtained. Therefore, please refer to... Figure 4 and Figure 6The photovoltaic module also includes: solar cells 200, a back film 300, a front glass 400, a front film 500, and a junction box 600. Solar cells 200 and the front glass 400 are stacked sequentially on the back glass 100. The back film 300 is bonded to the solar cells 200 and the back glass 100, and the front film 500 is bonded to the solar cells 200 and the front film 500. The solar cells 200 are provided with conductive solder joints 210, which are soldered to conductive pads 111. The junction box 600 is mounted on the back glass 100 and is conductively connected to lead-out contacts 121. Embedded grid lines are provided on the solar cells 200, and the conductive solder joints 210 are connected to these embedded grid lines, thereby transmitting the electrical energy generated by the solar cells 200 to the pre-fabricated circuitry of the back glass 100 through the conductive solder joints 210. The N-type interconnecting bar, the battery cell 200, and the P-type interconnecting bar form a current loop, thereby transmitting electrical energy to the lead-out contact 121 of the busbar 120, and then outputting electrical energy to the outside through the junction box 600.

[0062] With the above scheme, both the interconnect strip 110 and the busbar 120 are set on the first surface of the glass substrate 130, and the pre-fabricated circuit can be realized on the first surface of the glass substrate 130. When assembling the photovoltaic module, the interconnect strip 110 replaces the traditional solder strip, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating the solder strip welding process. This can avoid the solder strip welding causing the cell 200 to warp or break. The conductive pad 111 of the interconnect strip 110 is connected to the cell 200, and the lead-out contact 121 of the busbar 120 is used to transmit electrical energy to the outside.

[0063] The embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A glass structure, characterized by, include: The glass substrate (130) is provided with a through hole (101). An interconnecting strip (110) is disposed on the first surface of the glass substrate (130), and a conductive pad (111) is disposed on the interconnecting strip (110). A busbar (120) is disposed on the first surface of the glass substrate (130) and connected to the interconnecting strip (110). A lead-out contact (121) is provided on the busbar (120) and located in the through hole (101).

2. The glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interconnecting strip (110) includes an N-type interconnecting strip and a P-type interconnecting strip, which are respectively connected to the corresponding busbar (120).

3. The glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive pad (111) protrudes from the surface of the interconnect strip (110).

4. The glass structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The surface of the conductive pad (111) is coated with flux.

5. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Includes a back glass (100), which adopts the glass structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes a solar cell (200) and a back film (300). The back film (300) and the solar cell (200) are stacked on the back glass (100). The solar cell (200) is provided with conductive solder joints (210). The position of the conductive solder joints (210) is adapted to the position of the conductive pads (111). The back film (300) is provided with an opening (301) adapted to the conductive pads (111).

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes a front glass (400) and a front encapsulant film (500), which are stacked sequentially on the solar cell (200).

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The gap between the back glass (100) and the battery cell (200) is filled with an elastic cushioning pad or coated with a cushioning adhesive.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes a junction box (600), the bottom of which is provided with an extended conductive contact (610), the conductive contact (610) being inserted into the through hole (101) and conductively connected to the lead-out contact (121).

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module further includes: a solar cell (200), a back film (300), a front glass (400), a front film (500), and a junction box (600). The solar cell (200) and the front glass (400) are stacked sequentially on the back glass (100). The back film (300) is bonded to the solar cell (200) and the back glass (100). The front film (500) is bonded to the solar cell (200) and the front film (500). The solar cell (200) is provided with conductive solder joints (210). The conductive solder joints (210) are welded to the conductive pads (111). The junction box (600) is attached to the back glass (100) and is conductively connected to the lead-out contacts (121).

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