Building photovoltaic integrated system

Abstract

The utility model relates to photovoltaic technology field, concretely relates to a kind of building photovoltaic integrated system, including connecting mechanism and drainage mechanism, connecting mechanism is used to connect each photovoltaic module into photovoltaic row group in transverse direction, drainage mechanism is connected between the upper and lower two rows of photovoltaic row group, the interval of the two rows of photovoltaic row group is 0.5-5cm;The connecting mechanism includes the clamping piece of I-shaped, clamping piece includes detachably connected upper clamping plate and lower clamping plate, the drainage mechanism includes drainage assembly, drainage assembly is provided with water guide groove along its axial direction, the two side edges of drainage assembly are respectively installed in the lower surface of upper photovoltaic row group and the upper surface of lower photovoltaic row group. By implementing the present application, the waterproof effect of photovoltaic roof is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, specifically to a building-integrated photovoltaic system. Background Technology

[0002] Distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems are miniaturized, decentralized solar power generation systems primarily installed on the user side (such as building rooftops, industrial and commercial plants, etc.). Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) integrates PV modules into buildings, combining the advantages of architectural aesthetics and green energy to achieve the integration of PV power generation with building functionality. When PV modules are used as the building's roof, their waterproofing and drainage performance become key performance indicators that require close monitoring.

[0003] A photovoltaic (PV) module is an integrated unit formed by combining multiple solar cells in series and parallel, and then encapsulating them (covering them with glass, EVA film, backsheet, etc.) and adding a frame. A PV roof is assembled from multiple PV modules. Therefore, the connection between PV modules is one of the most important indicators. It must not only provide a connection and fixation function, but also prevent water leakage. Otherwise, it will cause water seepage problems inside the building. Existing waterproof installation solutions for PV modules usually use the overlapping of the upper and lower edges of the PV modules to achieve waterproofing. However, due to the limited contact area of ​​the overlap, rainwater can still overflow into the room from the overlap when the PV module is installed at a low angle or when the wind is too strong. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a building photovoltaic integrated system to improve the waterproofing effect of photovoltaic roofs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system, including photovoltaic modules, a connecting mechanism, and a drainage mechanism. The connecting mechanism is used to connect the horizontally arranged photovoltaic modules into photovoltaic arrays. The drainage mechanism is connected between two adjacent vertical photovoltaic arrays, with a spacing of 0.5-5 cm between the two adjacent photovoltaic arrays. The connecting mechanism includes an I-shaped clamping member, which includes a detachably connected upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate. The drainage mechanism includes a drainage component, which has a water guide groove along its axial direction. The two sides of the drainage component are respectively installed on the lower surface of the upper photovoltaic array and the upper surface of the lower photovoltaic array.

[0006] Preferably, as an improvement, both the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are T-shaped structures, including a clamping plate and a protrusion fixed on the clamping plate, wherein the protrusion on the lower clamping plate is provided with a slot, and the protrusion on the upper clamping plate is engaged in the slot.

[0007] Preferably, as an improvement, the two side walls of the slot are integrally formed with variable diameter protrusions, and the opening of the slot is flared.

[0008] Preferably, as an improvement, the depth of the water guide channel gradually increases from the middle to the end, with a variation range of 1cm-2cm.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the aluminum frame on the upper and lower sides of the photovoltaic module has an L-shaped cross-section, with one side of the aluminum frame located on the lower surface of the photovoltaic module and the other side located on the side end face of the photovoltaic module, and its height being less than the height of the side end face.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, the drainage component is provided with a plurality of mounting parts for connecting to the photovoltaic bracket, the mounting parts including a mounting plate fixed to the lower side of the drainage component, the mounting plate being provided with mounting holes.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the spacing between the two photovoltaic modules is 3-5 cm.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, it also includes drainage pipes installed on the side of each photovoltaic array and corresponding to the water guide channel.

[0013] The principle and advantages of this scheme are:

[0014] 1. In this solution, different connection methods are used for the longitudinal and lateral connections between photovoltaic modules, based on the water flow pattern on the photovoltaic roof. For longitudinal connections, clamps are used because they are aligned with the water flow direction and are angled, thus minimizing the risk of water accumulation. This clamp structure ensures both stable connections between photovoltaic modules and effective waterproofing in the longitudinal direction, while also providing quick and easy installation. For lateral connections, which are perpendicular to the water flow direction, direct water impact can easily lead to water accumulation. Therefore, a different connection method is used: a drainage mechanism. This not only secures the upper and lower photovoltaic modules but also effectively drains any accumulated water. In summary, this achieves excellent waterproofing for the photovoltaic roof.

[0015] 2. Regarding waterproofing at the horizontal joints of photovoltaic modules, traditional photovoltaic roofs typically aim to ensure waterproofing and drainage by installing adjacent photovoltaic modules as tightly as possible. However, this method is overly complex and difficult, requiring highly skilled installers. The applicant adopted a different approach. Since there will always be gaps between adjacent photovoltaic modules, this gap is utilized by installing drainage devices. Water flowing downwards through the joints of the two modules is directly drained through these devices. This "drainage rather than blocking" approach achieves waterproofing while reducing installation difficulty.

[0016] 3. This solution installs the first connector of the drainage component on the lower surface of the upper left photovoltaic module and the second connector on the upper surface of the lower right photovoltaic module. This achieves three effects simultaneously: 1) Effectively ensures the sealing between the drainage component and the lower photovoltaic module: Taking advantage of the photovoltaic module's sloping installation along the roof, the applicant installs the second connector on the upper surface of the lower photovoltaic module, so that the end of the lower photovoltaic module is surrounded by the drainage component. The only connection seam between the two faces to the lower right. Utilizing the principle of water flowing downhill, water flowing down from above flows directly downwards through this connection seam, preventing backflow and leakage; 2) Reduces the difficulty of sealing installation: No sealing treatment is required for the lower photovoltaic module and the second connector, greatly reducing installation difficulty; 3) The drainage component acts as an aluminum frame for the lower photovoltaic module, strengthening the reinforcement of the photovoltaic module.

[0017] 4. By designing the lower aluminum frame of the photovoltaic module in an L-shape, it is possible to ensure that the aluminum frame can fix the photovoltaic module, while not obstructing the water flow, allowing the water to drain quickly and avoiding dust residue that could affect power generation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The left view.

[0020] Figure 3 This is an assembly diagram showing the connection mechanism and the photovoltaic module.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure of A in the middle.

[0023] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: photovoltaic module 1, aluminum frame 2, drainage component 3, water guide channel 4, first connector 5, enclosure component 6, second connector 7, mounting plate 8, photovoltaic bracket 9, photovoltaic array 10, clamping component 11, upper clamping plate 12, lower clamping plate 13, protrusion 14, slot 15, variable diameter protrusion 16, and limiting groove 17. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0025] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figures 1-5 As shown: A building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system includes photovoltaic modules 1, a connecting mechanism, and a drainage mechanism. The connecting mechanism is used to connect the horizontally arranged photovoltaic modules 1 into a photovoltaic array 10. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the connecting mechanism includes an I-shaped clamping member 11, which includes a detachably connected upper clamping plate 12 and a lower clamping plate 13. Both the upper clamping plate 12 and the lower clamping plate 13 are T-shaped structures, each including a clamping plate and a protrusion 14 fixed on the clamping plate. The distance between the two clamping plates after installation is the thickness of the photovoltaic module 1, used to fix the left and right photovoltaic modules 1 together as one unit. The protrusion 14 of the lower clamping plate 13 has a slot 15, and the protrusion 14 on the upper clamping plate 12 is engaged in the slot 15. In order to facilitate the quick installation of the upper clamping plate 12 and the lower clamping plate 13, the opening end of the slot 15 is flared and larger than the width of the protrusion 14 of the lower clamping plate 13. A variable diameter protrusion 16 is integrally formed on both side walls of the slot 15, and a limiting groove 17 for accommodating the variable diameter protrusion 16 is correspondingly provided on the protrusion 14 of the lower clamping plate 13. The connection between the clamping member 11 and the photovoltaic module 1 is sealed with sealant.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, using the above method, multiple horizontal photovoltaic modules 1 are connected into a row of photovoltaic arrays 10 via a connecting mechanism. Then, a drainage mechanism connects the upper and lower rows of photovoltaic arrays 10. The distance between the upper and lower rows of photovoltaic arrays 10 is 0.5-5cm. Within this range, both the installation area of ​​the photovoltaic modules 1 and the subsequent cleaning of the drainage mechanism are ensured. Specifically, when the distance between the two photovoltaic arrays 10 is relatively small, such as 0.5-1cm, it helps to reduce the drainage burden on the drainage mechanism: when water flows downwards from the top of the photovoltaic array 10, a small portion of the water flows into the drainage mechanism due to the height difference between the upper and lower photovoltaic arrays 10, while the other portion flows directly across the drainage mechanism to the lower photovoltaic array 10. When the distance between the two photovoltaic arrays 10 is relatively large, such as 3-5cm, it facilitates the installation of the drainage mechanism and the subsequent cleaning of the drainage mechanism. This embodiment prefers the latter.

[0027] Considering that when water flows from high to low along the photovoltaic module 1, the aluminum frame 2 around the photovoltaic module 1 causes rainwater to remain at the lowest aluminum frame 2 for a long time, resulting in soil residue at that location. This residue will block the solar cells, causing a hot spot effect and severely affecting the power generation efficiency.

[0028] To address this issue, this solution designs the cross-section of the aluminum frame 2 on both the top and bottom sides of the photovoltaic module 1 to be L-shaped. The lower side of the aluminum frame 2 is mounted on the lower surface of the photovoltaic module 1, and its upper side is mounted on the side end face of the photovoltaic module 1. The height of the upper side is less than the height of the side end face. In this embodiment, the height of the upper side is three-quarters of the thickness of the photovoltaic module 1. This design ensures that the aluminum frame 2 is fixed to the photovoltaic module 1 without obstructing water flow, allowing water to drain quickly and preventing dust residue from affecting power generation efficiency.

[0029] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the drainage mechanism includes a drainage component 3, on which a water guide groove 4 is provided along its axial direction. The depth of the water guide groove 4 is 4-5cm, and the depth of the water guide groove 4 gradually increases from the middle to the end, varying from 1cm to 2cm. In this embodiment, it is 1.5cm. By setting the height difference of the water guide groove 4, the water accumulation in the water guide groove 4 can be accelerated, especially during heavy rain / storm seasons, it can accelerate the drainage of water in the water guide groove 4 to both ends, reducing the load on the drainage component 3. The drainage component 3 extends outward along both sides of the water guide groove 4 to form a first connector 5 and a second connector 7, respectively. The thickness of the second connector 7 is 1-2 times the thickness of the aluminum frame 2. The first connector 5 is installed on the lower surface of the upper left photovoltaic module 1, and the second connector 7 is installed on the upper surface of the lower right photovoltaic module 1. Specifically: the upper surface of the first connector 5 is attached to the lower surface of the aluminum frame 2. The free end of the first connector 5 protrudes upward to form a surrounding component 6. The height of the surrounding component 6 is the same as the thickness of the aluminum frame 2, and the right side of the surrounding component 6 is attached to the end face of the aluminum frame 2, while its upper side is attached to the photovoltaic module 1. The connections between the first connector 5 and the surrounding component 6 and the aluminum frame 2 and photovoltaic module 1 are fixed with sealant. In windy areas, bolts can be added for reinforcement. The second connector 7 and the photovoltaic module 1 below only need to be reinforced with bolts at the ends.

[0030] In this design, by installing the first connector 5 on the lower surface of the upper left photovoltaic module 1 and the second connector 7 on the upper right surface of the photovoltaic module 1, three effects can be achieved: 1. Reduced sealing installation difficulty: Since both are located on the top surface of the roof, it is necessary to ensure the sealing between them during installation to avoid the risk of water leakage. Initially, the two connectors of the drainage component 3 were installed on the lower surfaces of the upper and lower photovoltaic modules 1, requiring sealing treatment of their joints, which was a complex and time-consuming process. Later, it was considered to install the two connectors on the upper surfaces of the upper and lower photovoltaic modules 1, but the first connector 5 would obstruct the water flow of the photovoltaic module 1, which contradicts the L-shaped design of the aluminum frame 2. At the same time, its joint faces the water flow and therefore also requires sealing treatment. Finally, the above solution is adopted, eliminating the need for sealing treatment of the lower photovoltaic module 1 and the second connector 7, thus reducing the installation difficulty. 2. Effectively ensures the sealing of the drainage component 3 and the lower photovoltaic module 1: Taking into account the characteristic that the photovoltaic module 1 is installed at an angle along the roof, the applicant installed the second connector 7 on the upper surface of the lower photovoltaic module 1, so that the end of the lower photovoltaic module 1 is surrounded by the drainage component 3, and the only connection seam between the two faces to the lower right. In this way, taking advantage of the principle that water flows downhill, the water flowing down from above flows directly down through the connection seam, without backflowing upwards and causing leakage; 3. The drainage component 3 acts as the aluminum frame 2 of the lower photovoltaic module 1, which strengthens the reinforcement effect of the photovoltaic panel.

[0031] The drainage component 3 is provided with multiple mounting parts for connecting to the photovoltaic bracket 9. Each mounting part includes a mounting plate 8 fixed to the lower side of the drainage component 3, and the mounting plate 8 has mounting holes. During installation, the drainage component 3 is fixed to the photovoltaic bracket 9 by bolts passing through the mounting holes.

[0032] After the photovoltaic roof is fully installed, drainage pipes can be installed on both sides of the photovoltaic roof. The drainage pipes are used to receive the water accumulated in the drainage components 3 and discharge it into the drainage system of the building system.

[0033] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A building integrated photovoltaic system comprising a photovoltaic module, characterized by: It also includes a connecting mechanism and a drainage mechanism. The connecting mechanism is used to connect the horizontal photovoltaic modules into photovoltaic arrays. The drainage mechanism is connected between two adjacent rows of photovoltaic arrays, with a spacing of 0.5-5cm between the two adjacent rows of photovoltaic arrays. The connecting mechanism includes an I-shaped clamping member, which includes a detachably connected upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate. The drainage mechanism includes a drainage component, which has a water guide groove along its axial direction. The two sides of the drainage component are respectively installed on the lower surface of the upper row of photovoltaic arrays and the upper surface of the lower row of photovoltaic arrays.

2. The building-integrated photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are T-shaped structures, including clamping plates and protrusions fixed on the clamping plates. The protrusions on the lower clamping plate are provided with slots, and the protrusions on the upper clamping plate are engaged in the slots.

3. The building-integrated photovoltaic system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two side walls of the slot are integrally formed with variable diameter protrusions, and the opening of the slot is flared.

4. The building-integrated photovoltaic system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The depth of the water guide channel gradually increases from the middle to the end, with a range of 1cm-2cm.

5. A building-integrated photovoltaic system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The aluminum frame on the top and bottom sides of the photovoltaic module has an L-shaped cross-section. One side of the aluminum frame is located on the lower surface of the photovoltaic module, and the other side is located on the side end face of the photovoltaic module with a height less than that of the side end face.

6. A building-integrated photovoltaic system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drainage component is provided with multiple mounting parts for connecting to the photovoltaic bracket. Each mounting part includes a mounting plate fixed to the lower side of the drainage component, and the mounting plate is provided with mounting holes.

7. A building-integrated photovoltaic system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the two photovoltaic modules is 3-5cm.

8. A building-integrated photovoltaic system according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes drainage pipes, which are installed on the sides of each photovoltaic array and correspond to the water guide channel.

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