Train bottom photographing device based on miniaturized TFDS system

Abstract

A kind of train bottom photographing device based on miniaturization TFDS system, it relates to track traffic equipment fault detection technical field.The utility model discloses to solve the problems of many and large size of prior art TFDS system equipment box, time-consuming and laborious installation, and the influence of work section big machine tamping.The utility model discloses a caisson box body, a door assembly and multiple photographing modules, caisson box body is fixedly connected on train track as sleeper, door assembly is arranged on the upper end surface of caisson box body, multiple shooting windows are arranged on door assembly, multiple photographing modules are all arranged in caisson box body, and photographing module and shooting window are set one by one, photographing module is photographed through shooting window when operating.The utility model is used for railway image detection system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fault detection technology for rail transit equipment, specifically to a train bottom photographing device based on a miniaturized TFDS system. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional TFDS systems typically use an image acquisition caisson installed between two sleepers inside the track, with auxiliary boxes such as water tanks and junction boxes placed outside the track. The camera inside the caisson takes pictures of the underside of the passing train, while the auxiliary boxes outside the track house components such as a water tank for cleaning the camera's windshield wipers, a control circuit board, and a laser.

[0003] Because the existing image acquisition caisson is placed between two sleepers in the track, and the caisson is relatively deep, it occupies a large amount of space in the vertical direction. When installing the equipment, a large amount of ballast needs to be excavated or even the sleepers need to be moved, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Moreover, the space between adjacent sleepers is occupied by the caisson. When the track maintenance section carries out tamping with large machines, it is necessary to skip the image acquisition caisson or temporarily dismantle and then restore the equipment, which affects the safety of equipment operation and work efficiency.

[0004] Furthermore, when the existing TFDS system takes pictures of the bottom of the train, it will completely open the top cover of the entire caisson. During winter in northern regions, when encountering snow, the train will pick up the falling snowflakes and snow accumulated on the track and bring them into the caisson for taking pictures, which will affect the normal operation of the camera, resulting in blurry images or false or missed detections. In some cases, the top cover of the caisson may even be frozen by ice and snow and cannot be opened, posing a safety hazard to the safe operation of the train. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the large number and size of equipment boxes in the existing TFDS system, which makes installation time-consuming and labor-intensive and affects the tamping of the main equipment by the engineering section, this utility model proposes a train bottom photography device based on a miniaturized TFDS system.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] A train bottom photography device based on a miniaturized TFDS system includes a caisson body, a cover assembly, and multiple photography modules. The caisson body is fixed to the train track as a sleeper. The cover assembly is located on the upper surface of the caisson body and has multiple shooting windows. The multiple photography modules are all located inside the caisson body, and the photography modules are set one-to-one with the shooting windows. When the photography modules are in operation, they take pictures through the shooting windows.

[0008] Furthermore, the caisson body is a hollow rectangular shell in the shape of a rail sleeper, with an open upper end. A set of reinforcing plates is provided on each side of the caisson body. A set of track fastener bolt assemblies is provided on both sides of the upper end of the caisson body, corresponding to the train track, to achieve connection and fixation with the train track. A cable conduit is provided below the track fastener bolt assembly, and the cable conduit passes through the reinforcing plate. Waterproof joints are provided at both ends of the caisson body.

[0009] Furthermore, the reinforcing plate and the bottom edge of the caisson body are provided with flow guide holes, and the lowest points at both ends of the caisson body are provided with drainage holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the caisson body is provided with a sealing cover at the opening located outside the track fastener bolt assembly, and the sealing cover is provided with threaded holes and wiring holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the cover assembly includes a fixed cover plate, a movable cover, and an opening mechanism. The fixed cover plate is fixed to the caisson body at the opening between two sets of track fastener bolt assemblies. The viewing window is opened on one side of the fixed cover plate. The movable cover is opened or closed above the fixed cover plate via the opening mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper opening of the caisson body is provided with a water-retaining edge along the circumferential direction, and the fixed cover plate is provided with downward bends around its perimeter, the bends being snapped onto the outside of the water-retaining edge.

[0013] Furthermore, the door opening mechanism includes a door opening motor, a transmission shaft, two transmission mechanisms, and two shaft seats. The door opening motor is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the fixed cover plate. The output shaft of the door opening motor is connected to the middle part of the transmission shaft through a coupling. Shaft seats are provided on both sides of the door opening motor. The end of the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the shaft seats. The transmission mechanisms are respectively set at both ends of the transmission shaft. The transmission mechanisms include swing arm I and swing arm II. One end of swing arm I is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft, and one end of swing arm II is hinged to the shaft seats. Connecting seats are fixedly connected to both sides of the lower end face of the movable cover. The other ends of swing arm I and swing arm II are respectively hinged to the connecting seats.

[0014] Furthermore, the train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system also includes a snow protection module. The snow protection module includes multiple external snow deflector assemblies and multiple internal air curtain assemblies. An external snow deflector assembly is provided on one side of the outer side of each shooting window. The external snow deflector assembly is fixed to the upper surface of the movable cover. An internal air curtain assembly is provided on one side of the inner side of each shooting window. The internal air curtain assembly is fixed to the lower surface of the fixed cover and is positioned facing the shooting window.

[0015] Furthermore, the train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system also includes an antifreeze module, which includes multiple electric heating cables that are fixed to the lower end face of one side of the fixed cover plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a waterproof edge is provided around the outer edge of the shooting window.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0018] 1. This utility model adopts a special image acquisition caisson with a specially designed camera installed inside. The equipment is miniaturized and compact. The top of the caisson has track fastener bolts and can be used as a sleeper. When the equipment is installed, it replaces one sleeper on the original line. The distance from the caisson to the adjacent sleeper is the same as the spacing of the other sleepers. The installation is simple, and there is no need to skip or remove the equipment during tamping operations, which ensures the safe operation of the equipment and improves work efficiency.

[0019] 2. The camera window of the train bottom photography device in this utility model has a snow-proof function, which can reduce the entry of snow accumulation on the track and falling snow into the box body during winter operation, reduce the impact of snowfall on the camera, and improve the camera's image quality and the accuracy of system fault identification.

[0020] 3. The cover of the train bottom photography device in this utility model has an anti-freezing function, which can avoid the problem of the cover failing to open due to ice and snow, thus preventing the camera from taking pictures. It is applicable to a wider geographical range.

[0021] 4. The train bottom photography device in this utility model has reserved expansion equipment installation interfaces at both ends of the caisson, which can add wheel flange detection function and wheel temperature detection function. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photographing module in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the caisson body in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a front view of the cover door assembly in the open state of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a top view of the cover door assembly in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a bottom schematic diagram of the cover door assembly in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 6This embodiment describes a train bottom photographing device based on a miniaturized TFDS system, which includes a caisson body 2, a cover assembly 3, and multiple photographing modules 1. The caisson body 2 is fixed to the train track as a sleeper. The cover assembly 3 is located on the upper surface of the caisson body 2 and has multiple shooting windows 311. The multiple photographing modules 1 are all located inside the caisson body 2, and the photographing modules 1 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the shooting windows 311. When the photographing modules 1 are in operation, they take pictures through the shooting windows 311.

[0029] In this embodiment, a dedicated image acquisition caisson box 2 is used, with a specially designed photography module 1 installed inside. The caisson box 2 can be used as a sleeper. When the equipment is installed, it replaces one sleeper on the original line. The distance from the caisson box 2 to the adjacent sleeper is the same as the spacing of the other sleepers. The installation is simple, and there is no need to skip or remove the equipment during tamping operations, which ensures the safe operation of the equipment and improves work efficiency.

[0030] The photographing module 1 is a linear array photographing module. It has a flat, horizontal structure and contains a linear array camera and a fill light. The camera and fill light are installed horizontally, and a 45° reflector is provided in front of the camera and fill light. The light path direction of the two is changed from horizontal to vertical upward through the refraction of the mirror, thereby reducing the overall height of the camera and equipment.

[0031] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figure 1 and Figure 3 This embodiment describes a caisson body 2 as a hollow rectangular shell in the shape of a railway sleeper. The upper end of the caisson body 2 is open. A set of reinforcing plates 201 are provided on each side inside the caisson body 2. A set of track fastener bolt assemblies 202 are provided on both sides of the upper end of the caisson body 2, corresponding to the train track, to achieve connection and fixation with the train track. A cable conduit 203 is provided below the track fastener bolt assembly 202, and the cable conduit 203 passes through the reinforcing plate 201. Waterproof joints 210 are provided at both ends of the caisson body 2.

[0032] Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0033] The caisson body 2 is a welded or cast steel box, or a composite box with a steel frame and an outer concrete or other materials. The length, width, and height dimensions of the caisson body 2 do not exceed the dimensions of a conventional concrete sleeper. The caisson body 2 has internal reinforcing plates 201 to prevent deformation caused by train passage or ballast pressure. The top of the caisson body 2 has two sets of rail fastener bolt assemblies 202, and the bolt spacing of the rail fastener bolt assemblies 202 is matched to the corresponding railway rail spacing and rail base dimensions. A cable conduit 203 is installed below the rail fastener bolt assemblies 202, passing through the reinforcing plates 201, to facilitate wired connections between equipment inside the box. Waterproof connectors 210 are located at the middle of both ends of the caisson body 2, allowing cables to be introduced into the box from the outside and sealed.

[0034] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figure 3 In this embodiment, the reinforcing plate 201 and the bottom edge of the caisson body 2 are provided with guide holes 205, and the lowest points at both ends of the caisson body 2 are provided with drainage holes 204.

[0035] Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0036] The guide hole 205 can guide water that accidentally enters the middle of the tank to both ends of the tank and then discharge it from the tank through the drain hole 204.

[0037] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the caisson body 2 is provided with a sealing cover 207 at the opening outside the track fastener bolt assembly 202. The sealing cover 207 is provided with a threaded hole 208 and a wiring hole 209.

[0038] Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 2.

[0039] The two openings of the caisson body 2 located outside the track fastener bolt assembly 202 are equipped with sealing caps 207, which are installed using bolts and washers for sealing. The top of the sealing cap 207 has a threaded hole 208 and a wiring hole 209 reserved as a reserved interface for equipment expansion functions. It is normally sealed with a threaded plug and can be activated when needed.

[0040] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figure 1 and Figures 4 to 6 This embodiment describes a door assembly 3 comprising a fixed cover plate 310, a movable door 320, and an opening mechanism 330. The fixed cover plate 310 is fixedly connected to the caisson body 2 at an opening located between two sets of track fastener bolt assemblies 202. A viewing window 311 is opened on one side of the fixed cover plate 310. The movable door 320 is opened or closed above the fixed cover plate 310 via the opening mechanism 330.

[0041] Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0042] A shooting window 311 is set at the location where the fixed cover plate 310 corresponds to the light outlet of the camera inside the caisson body 2. The shooting window 311 is a narrow strip area, which greatly reduces the open area at the top.

[0043] The fixed cover plate 310 is rectangular, and its external dimensions match the opening size in the middle of the caisson body 2. The fixed cover plate 310 is detachably installed on the top of the caisson body 2 by bolts.

[0044] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the upper opening of the caisson body 2 is provided with a water-retaining edge 206 along the circumferential direction, and the fixed cover plate 310 is provided with downward bends around its perimeter, which are snapped onto the outside of the water-retaining edge 206.

[0045] Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 5.

[0046] The top opening of the caisson body 2 is surrounded by a water-retaining edge 206, which reduces the risk of water leakage from the top cover. The bent structure can be nested with the water-retaining edge 206 to prevent water from entering the caisson body.

[0047] Specific implementation method seven: Combining Figure 1 and Figures 4 to 6 This embodiment describes a door opening mechanism 330, which includes a door opening motor 331, a transmission shaft 332, two transmission mechanisms, and two bearing seats 335. The door opening motor 331 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the fixed cover plate 310. The output shaft of the door opening motor 331 is connected to the middle part of the transmission shaft 332 through a coupling. Bearing seats 335 are provided on both sides of the door opening motor 331. The end of the transmission shaft 332 is rotatably connected to the bearing seats 335. The transmission mechanisms are respectively provided at both ends of the transmission shaft 332. The transmission mechanisms include a swing arm I 333 and a swing arm II 334. One end of the swing arm I 333 is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft 332, and one end of the swing arm II 334 is hinged to the bearing seat 335. Connecting seats 321 are fixedly connected to both sides of the lower end face of the movable cover 320. The other ends of the swing arms I 333 and II 334 are respectively hinged to the connecting seats 321.

[0048] Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 5.

[0049] The door motor 331 can rotate in both directions at a fixed angle to achieve the opening and closing action of the door.

[0050] Specific implementation method eight: Combination Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6This embodiment describes a train bottom photographing device based on a miniaturized TFDS system, which further includes a snow protection module 4. The snow protection module 4 includes multiple external snow deflector assemblies 410 and multiple internal air curtain assemblies 420. An external snow deflector assembly 410 is provided on one side of the outer side of each photographing window 311. The external snow deflector assembly 410 is fixed to the upper surface of the movable cover 320. An internal air curtain assembly 420 is provided on one side of the inner side of each photographing window 311. The internal air curtain assembly 420 is fixed to the lower surface of the fixed cover 310 and is positioned facing the photographing window 311.

[0051] Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 5.

[0052] When there are three camera modules 1, three shooting windows 311 are set accordingly. The snow protection module 4 includes three external snow deflector assemblies 410, namely the first snow deflector 411, the second snow deflector 412, and the third snow deflector 413, which are welded to the upper part of the movable cover door 320. The welding position is set in accordance with the three shooting windows 311 to block the snow on the track that is rolled up by the train.

[0053] Each shooting window 311 has an internal air curtain assembly 420 at one end. The internal air curtain assembly 420 includes a brushless fan 421 and a fan base 422. The fan base 422 is located at the bottom of the fixed cover plate 310. The brushless fan 421 is fixed to the fan base 422 with bolts. The air outlet faces the shooting window 311. The brushless fan 421 is installed with a certain tilt angle, which is adapted to the shooting window 311 so that the air outlet range of the brushless fan 421 covers the width of the shooting window 311.

[0054] Specific Implementation Method Nine: Combining Figure 6 This embodiment describes a train bottom photographing device based on a miniaturized TFDS system, which further includes an antifreeze module 5. The antifreeze module 5 includes multiple electric heating cables, which are fixed to the lower end face of one side of the fixed cover plate 310.

[0055] Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 5.

[0056] The antifreeze module 5 mainly consists of an electric heating tape, which is attached to the bottom of the fixed cover plate 310. The attachment position corresponds to the outline of the movable cover 320 after it is closed. It can melt the ice and snow around the movable cover 320 and prevent the movable cover 320 from being unable to open due to freezing. The antifreeze module 5 can also be an electric heating film.

[0057] Specific Implementation Method Ten: Combining Figure 5 To illustrate this embodiment, a waterproof edge 312 is provided around the outer edge of the shooting window 311 described in this embodiment.

[0058] Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Implementation Method 1.

[0059] The waterproof edge 312 prevents rainwater or snowmelt from flowing into the shooting window 311 along the fixed cover plate 310.

[0060] Working principle

[0061] This utility model discloses a train bottom photography device based on a miniaturized TFDS system. It uses a linear array photography module installed inside a caisson to take pictures of the train bottom as it passes by, collects key point image information of the train bottom, and performs fault identification.

[0062] The caisson possesses sufficient strength, and its dimensions do not exceed those of concrete sleepers. During installation, it can be used as a sleeper, secured to the rails via rail fastener bolts on top of the caisson using railway-specific pressure plates, elastic clips, washers, and nuts. This replaces the existing concrete sleepers on the track. During installation, the distance between the caisson and adjacent sleepers should be consistent with the spacing of other sleepers. After installation, tamping operations can proceed normally without skipping or dismantling the equipment, ensuring safe operation and improving work efficiency. An insulating pad is placed between the caisson and the rails during installation to insulate the two rails.

[0063] The caisson body is a welded or cast steel box, or a composite box with a steel frame and concrete or other materials. The line array photography module is installed in the central space of the caisson, typically using three sets of modules in combination. The line array photography modules on both sides can be arranged horizontally or tilted to the sides according to the required shooting angle. Correspondingly, one or two sets of line array photography modules can also be used for photography as needed.

[0064] The space at both ends of the caisson body, outside the track fastener bolt assembly, can be used to install auxiliary equipment such as cleaning water tanks, control panels, and solenoid valves. Both ends of the caisson body have drainage holes, and the internal reinforcing plate has guide holes to drain water that seeps into the caisson body. The drainage holes can also be connected to external drainage pipes to lead the drainage to the trackside drainage ditch. Both ends of the caisson body also have waterproof connectors, allowing cables to be introduced from the end face of the caisson body to power the equipment inside. The sealing caps at the top of both ends of the caisson body are bolted and sealed to the open top of both ends of the caisson. The top of the sealing cap has threaded holes and wiring holes, and is normally sealed with threaded plugs and waterproof connectors. When the testing equipment requires expanded functionality, wheel flange testing equipment, wheel temperature testing equipment, etc., can be installed on the top of the sealing cap.

[0065] The fixed cover plate of the cover assembly is bolted to the caisson body and can be disassembled for maintenance. During operation, the movable cover door is opened to expose the imaging window, through which the camera emits light to photograph the bottom of the train. The movable cover door opens towards the oncoming train. Three snow deflectors on the top of the cover door prevent snow kicked up by the passing train from falling into the caisson. Simultaneously with the opening of the cover door, three brushless fans installed at the bottom of the fixed cover plate start, creating an upward air curtain within the imaging window to further prevent snowflakes from falling into the caisson. After the photographing is complete, the cover door closes, and the corresponding brushless fans stop operating. The brushless fans start and stop automatically with the opening and closing of the cover door, and in summer, they can also be used as a rainproof function to prevent raindrops from entering the caisson.

[0066] The anti-freeze module's heating element is an electric heating tape, which is attached to the bottom of the fixed cover, its placement aligning with the contours of the movable cover when closed. To prevent the movable cover from freezing due to extreme weather, the anti-freeze module can be activated beforehand to continuously heat the area around the movable cover, ensuring the gap between the movable cover and the fixed cover remains unfrozen and allowing the cover to be opened at any time for photographing. In seasons or locations without ice or snow hazards, the anti-freeze module can be manually shut off to avoid wasting energy. For ease of installation, the electric heating tape can be a single piece or multiple sections connected in parallel, and the heating element can also be an electric heating film.

[0067] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0068] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A train bottom photographing device based on a miniaturized TFDS system, characterized in that: It includes a caisson body (2), a cover assembly (3) and multiple camera modules (1). The caisson body (2) is fixed to the train track as a sleeper. The cover assembly (3) is set on the upper surface of the caisson body (2). The cover assembly (3) is provided with multiple camera windows (311). Multiple camera modules (1) are set inside the caisson body (2), and the camera modules (1) and camera windows (311) are set one-to-one. When the camera modules (1) are working, they take pictures through the camera windows (311).

2. The train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The caisson body (2) is a hollow rectangular shell in the shape of a sleeper. The upper end of the caisson body (2) is open. A set of reinforcing plates (201) is provided on each side inside the caisson body (2). A set of track fastener bolt assemblies (202) is provided on both sides of the upper end of the caisson body (2) corresponding to the train track to achieve connection and fixation with the train track. A cable conduit (203) is provided below the track fastener bolt assembly (202). The cable conduit (203) passes through the reinforcing plate (201). Waterproof joints (210) are provided at both ends of the caisson body (2).

3. The train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reinforcing plate (201) and the bottom edge of the caisson body (2) are provided with a flow guide hole (205), and the lowest point at both ends of the caisson body (2) is provided with a drainage hole (204).

4. The train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The caisson body (2) is provided with a sealing cover (207) at the opening outside the track fastener bolt assembly (202). The sealing cover (207) is provided with a threaded hole (208) and a wiring hole (209).

5. The train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover assembly (3) includes a fixed cover plate (310), a movable cover (320), and an opening mechanism (330). The fixed cover plate (310) is fixed to the caisson body (2) at the opening between two sets of track fastener bolt assemblies (202). The shooting window (311) is opened on one side of the fixed cover plate (310). The movable cover (320) is opened or closed above the fixed cover plate (310) via the opening mechanism (330).

6. The train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper opening of the caisson body (2) is provided with a water-blocking edge (206) along the circumferential direction, and the fixed cover plate (310) is provided with downward bends around its perimeter, which are snapped onto the outside of the water-blocking edge (206).

7. The train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The door opening mechanism (330) includes a door opening motor (331), a drive shaft (332), two transmission mechanisms, and two bearing seats (335). The door opening motor (331) is fixed to the lower end face of the fixed cover plate (310). The output shaft of the door opening motor (331) is connected to the middle of the drive shaft (332) through a coupling. Bearing seats (335) are provided on both sides of the door opening motor (331). The end of the drive shaft (332) is rotatably connected to the bearing seats (335). The mechanism is set at both ends of the transmission shaft (332). The transmission mechanism includes a swing arm I (333) and a swing arm II (334). One end of the swing arm I (333) is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission shaft (332), and one end of the swing arm II (334) is hinged to the shaft seat (335). Connecting seats (321) are fixedly connected to both sides of the lower end face of the movable cover (320). The other ends of the swing arm I (333) and the swing arm II (334) are respectively hinged to the connecting seats (321).

8. The train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a snow protection module (4), which includes multiple external snow deflector assemblies (410) and multiple internal air curtain assemblies (420). Each shooting window (311) has an external snow deflector assembly (410) on one side of its outer side. The external snow deflector assembly (410) is fixed to the upper surface of the movable cover (320). Each shooting window (311) has an internal air curtain assembly (420) on one side of its inner side. The internal air curtain assembly (420) is fixed to the lower surface of the fixed cover (310) and is positioned facing the shooting window (311).

9. The train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an antifreeze module (5), which includes multiple electric heating tapes that are fixed to the lower end face of one side of the fixed cover plate (310).

10. The train bottom photographing device based on the miniaturized TFDS system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edge of the shooting window (311) is provided with a waterproof edge (312).

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