A sorting and protection organization for a type of sweet potato

Abstract

This invention provides a sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism, including a placement box, a material discharge control mechanism, a seed-sorting mechanism, and a transmission mechanism. The placement box, through an inverted V-shaped partition and two arc-shaped guide plates on the left and right sides of the inner wall, forms two gradually narrowing material discharge channels that converge towards the center. The material discharge channels have discharge ports equipped with a material discharge control mechanism to control the material discharge. This control mechanism is connected to the output end of the planting machine's engine via the transmission mechanism to obtain power. The material discharge control mechanism transmits power to the seed-sorting mechanism, whose rotating seed-sorting disc transports the falling seeds circumferentially to the planting holes in the bottom plate for sowing. This sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism reduces damage to sweet potato seeds during the sowing process and, in conjunction with the transportation system, improves the uniformity of dense planting, thus increasing sweet potato planting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of planting machinery technology, specifically a sorting and protection mechanism for sweet potato seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Sweet potatoes are a key crop in my country, and their cultivation efficiency has always been a major research focus. Seed damage and transport efficiency during cultivation have a significant impact on overall efficiency; both seed damage and uneven planting density reduce the germination efficiency of sweet potato seeds.

[0003] Current mainstream planting machines, including four-bar linkage planters, Russian-style plow planters, and push-type potato planters, are often equipped with a drum-type sorting mechanism to transport seeds sequentially to the planting inlet. However, drum-type sorting devices often suffer from uneven seed size and weight, resulting in inconsistent seed rolling time and transport speed within the mechanism, leading to unstable planting intervals and affecting planting density. Furthermore, the drum-based seed transport increases the squeezing and collision between seeds and the drum wall, causing significant damage to the seeds during transport. This damage directly impacts seed germination rates. Moreover, existing seed sorting mechanisms are usually independent of the transport system and cannot coordinate with its movement, which is detrimental to ensuring optimal planting density.

[0004] Based on the above problems, it is necessary to propose a sorting and protection mechanism for sweet potato seeds that can reduce seed damage during seed acquisition and sowing, and improve the uniformity of dense planting, so as to improve the germination and planting efficiency of sweet potatoes. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides a sorting and protection mechanism for sweet potato seeds, which can reduce damage to sweet potato seeds during the process from acquisition to sowing, and works in conjunction with the transportation system to improve the uniformity of dense planting, thereby improving the efficiency of sweet potato planting.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives and effects, this utility model solves the above-mentioned problems through the following technical solution:

[0007] A sorting and protection mechanism for sweet potato seeds includes a placement box, a material discharge control mechanism, a seed sorting mechanism, and a transmission mechanism. The placement box includes a box body with an inclined inner bottom surface. An inverted V-shaped partition plate set in the middle of the inclined surface and two arc-shaped guide plates on the left and right sides of the inner wall of the box form two material discharge channels that gradually narrow and move towards the center. The material discharge port of the material discharge channel is equipped with a material discharge control mechanism to control the material discharge. A seed sorting mechanism is set below the material discharge control mechanism.

[0008] The material feeding control mechanism includes a slide base mounted below the material feeding port and a slide plate slidably connected to the slide base. The slide plate is equipped with two left and right levers that synchronously control the opening and closing of the left and right material feeding ports. The slide base has a longitudinal through hole for the seeds to fall. Two opposing racks are mounted on the slide plate, and a half gear is provided between the two racks. The half gear meshes with the two racks one after the other, driving the slide plate to reciprocate left and right. The upper and lower parts of the half gear are coaxially connected to a driving gear and a driven gear, respectively. The driving gear is connected to the output end of the planter's engine through a transmission mechanism to obtain power.

[0009] The seeding mechanism includes a base plate mounted on the frame of the planting machine, a seeding rotating disk rotatably connected to the base plate, and a rotating disk gear mounted on the rotating shaft of the seeding rotating disk. The rotating disk gear meshes with the driven gear to obtain rotational power. The seeding rotating disk has N fan-shaped transport holes arranged in a circumferential array. The base plate has one sowing hole for transporting seeds through the transport holes. The transport holes rotate to a position corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the discharge port to collect the falling seeds and drive them to move circumferentially to the sowing hole for sowing. N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the gear ratio between the rotating disk gear and the driven gear is N:1.

[0010] In this scheme, sweet potato seeds are transported in an orderly manner to the feeding port under the guidance of the feeding channel. A lever, under the reciprocating motion of the feeding control mechanism, synchronously controls the opening and closing of the two feeding ports. The seeds fall from the feeding port into the transport passage of the seeding rotary disc and are transported circumferentially along the transport passage. When the seeds rotate to the planting hole, they fall and are planted. This scheme uses a two-stage transport system—the feeding channel and the seeding rotary disc—to effectively control the quantity and speed of seed transport, reducing damage caused by squeezing and collisions during transport. The feeding control mechanism is powered by the engine, and the feeding control mechanism and the seeding mechanism are linked. This linkage reduces the need for a separate power source and allows the sorting and protection mechanism to coordinate with the transport system, ensuring optimal planting density.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a drive bevel gear mounted on the output end of the planter engine, a first transmission bevel gear meshing with the drive bevel gear, a second transmission bevel gear meshing with the drive gear of the material discharge control mechanism, and a connecting rod connected at both ends to the first transmission bevel gear and the second transmission bevel gear respectively via universal joints.

[0012] Furthermore, the material discharge channel has a square opening of 80mm*80mm, and a limiting block is installed on the push block to slide left and right along the inner wall of the material discharge opening to limit the maximum reciprocating displacement of the push block.

[0013] Furthermore, the slide block and the slide plate are connected by a slide rail, with the main rail and the auxiliary rail of the slide rail respectively installed on the slide block and the slide plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the seeding hole is a fan-shaped seeding hole 311 coaxial with the transport through hole 321, and the central angle of the seeding hole is equal to that of the transport through hole and the radius is greater than or equal to that of the fan-shaped through hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the gear ratio between the turntable gear and the driven gear is 3:1, and the rotating disk has three fan-shaped transport through holes arranged in a circumferential array, N=3.

[0016] The advantages and effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. The sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism proposed in this solution is equipped with a material discharge channel and a seed sorting rotary disc for two-stage seed transportation. A material discharge control mechanism is set up during the transportation interval to control the transportation quantity and speed, which can reduce damage and jamming caused by squeezing and collision during seed transportation and improve sweet potato planting efficiency.

[0018] 2. In this solution, the material discharge control mechanism obtains power from the planter's engine, and the material discharge control mechanism and the seeding mechanism are linked by a transmission relationship. This transmission coordination reduces the need for separate power sources and improves the coordination and uniformity of each stage of operation. Using an engine power source enables the sorting and protection mechanism to coordinate with the transportation system, achieving synchronization between sowing and the planter's movement, which is beneficial for reasonable planting density. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the material feeding control mechanism and the sorting mechanism;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial exploded view of the structure shown;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of this utility model and the seeder.

[0024] Drawing number identifier:

[0025] 1. Placement box; 11. Box body; 12. Inverted V-shaped partition plate; 13. Arc-shaped guide plate; 2. Material dropping control mechanism; 21. Slide block; 22. Slide plate; 23. Pulley block; 231. Limiting block; 24. Rack; 25. Half gear; 26. Drive gear; 27. Driven gear; 3. Seeding mechanism; 31. Base plate; 311. Seeding hole; 32. Seeding rotating disk; 321. Transport through hole; 33. Turntable gear; 4. Transmission mechanism; 41. Drive bevel gear; 42. First transmission bevel gear; 43. Second transmission bevel gear; 44. Connecting rod; 45. Universal joint; 5. Engine; 6. Engine output gear. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0027] The sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism described in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the device includes a placement box 1, a material dispensing control mechanism 2, a seed dispensing mechanism 3, and a transmission mechanism 4. The placement box 1 comprises a box body 11 with a 30° inclined inner bottom surface. An inverted V-shaped partition plate 12 is located in the middle of the inclined surface, dividing the bottom of the box body into left and right parts. The inverted V-shaped partition plate 12 and two curved guide plates 13 on the left and right sides of the inner wall of the box form two gradually narrowing material dispensing channels that converge towards the center. An 80mm*80mm square dispensing opening is provided at the bottom of the dispensing channel, a size matching the size of sweet potato seeds. The material dispensing control mechanism 2 is located below the dispensing opening and controls the dispensing of seeds from the placement box 1.

[0028] As attached Figure 3 As shown, the material feeding control mechanism 2 includes a slide 21, a slide plate 22, a lever 23, a rack 24, a half gear 25, a drive gear 26, and a driven gear 27. The slide 21 is mounted below the material feeding port, with both ends fixed to the planter frame, and has longitudinal through holes for seed feeding. The slide plate 22 is mounted above the slide 21 via a ball bearing slide rail. Two levers 23 are fixed to the side of the slide plate 22 near the material feeding port with screws. The gap and size of the two levers 23 match the two material feeding ports. The two levers 23 slide left and right with the slide plate 22 to the bottom of the two material feeding ports, simultaneously closing the two material feeding ports. The levers 23 are equipped with limiting blocks 231 that slide left and right along the inner wall of the material feeding port. The limiting blocks 231 limit the left and right sides of the material feeding port, restricting their maximum displacement during the reciprocating motion of the levers 23.

[0029] Two racks 24 are mounted opposite each other on the slide plate 22. A half gear 25 is mounted between the two racks 24. During rotation, the half gear 25 meshes with the two racks 24 successively, driving the slide plate 22 to reciprocate left and right. The driving gear 26 and the driven gear 27 are coaxially connected to the upper and lower ends of the half gear 25, respectively. The driving gear 26 is connected to the transmission mechanism 4 to obtain the power source from the engine output, and the driven gear 27 outputs rotational power to the sorting mechanism 3.

[0030] As attached Figure 4 As shown, the transmission mechanism 4 includes a drive bevel gear 41 mounted on the main shaft of the transmission system at the output end of the planter engine. The transmission main shaft is connected to the engine output gear 6 mounted on the output shaft of the planter engine 5 via a sprocket mechanism to obtain power. The drive bevel gear 41 can be mounted on the engine output shaft or a transmission component connected to the output shaft, and the power source of the drive bevel gear 41 comes from the planter engine. The transmission mechanism 4 also includes a first transmission bevel gear 42 meshing with the drive bevel gear 41, a second transmission bevel gear 43 meshing with the drive gear 26 of the material discharge control mechanism 2, and a connecting rod 44 connected to the first transmission bevel gear 42 and the second transmission bevel gear 43 respectively through universal joints 45 at both ends. The drive gear 26 is a bevel gear that meshes with the second transmission bevel gear 43. The first transmission bevel gear 42 and the second transmission bevel gear 43 are mounted on the frame of the planter through bearing seats. Through the combination structure of bevel gears, universal joints, and connecting rods, horizontal rotation can be converted into vertical rotation and then into horizontal rotation at another height, overcoming the problem that the sorting protection mechanism and the main drive shaft 5 are not at the same working height.

[0031] As attached Figure 5 As shown, the seeding mechanism 3 is installed below the material feeding control mechanism 2, and includes a base plate 31, a seeding rotary disk 32, and a rotary gear 33. The base plate 31 is fixed to the planter frame. The two ends of the central rotating shaft of the seeding rotary disk 32 are rotatably connected to the slide 21 and the base plate 31, respectively. The rotary gear 33 is installed on the upper part of the central rotating shaft. The rotary gear 33 meshes with the driven gear 27 to obtain rotational power, thereby driving the seeding rotary disk 32 to rotate. In this embodiment, the gear ratio of the rotary gear 33 and the driven gear 27 is preferably 3:1.

[0032] The seeding rotating disk 32 has three 60° fan-shaped transport holes 321 arranged in a circular array. The vertical projection of the material discharge port of the material discharge channel is located within the rotation area of ​​the transport holes 321. The base plate 31 has one 60° fan-shaped seeding hole 311 coaxial with the transport holes 321. The radius of the seeding hole 311 is greater than or equal to that of the transport holes 321 (the radius of the transport holes 321 is 150 mm, and the radius of the seeding hole 311 is 160 mm). The seeding hole 311 is offset from the material discharge port on the circumference. That is, when the transport holes 321 of the seeding rotating disk 32 rotate to a position corresponding longitudinally to the material discharge port of the material discharge channel, the pusher block 23 opens and the seeds fall into the transport holes 321. The seeds rotate with the circumference of the transport holes 321 to the seeding hole 311 and fall for sowing.

[0033] In this design, the gear ratio N:1 between the turntable gear 33 and the driven gear 27 matches the number N of the fan-shaped transport through holes 321. This means that for every revolution of the seeding turntable 32, the paddle block 23 reciprocates N times (the material outlet opens and closes N times), ensuring that the seeds enter precisely and evenly into the N fan-shaped transport through holes 321. By designing the gear ratio, the ratio between the sowing frequency and the planter's operating speed can be adjusted, which is more conducive to achieving reasonable dense planting.

[0034] When using the sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism described in this embodiment, the sweet potato blocks in the box 1 are guided and diverted into the discharge port after passing through the discharge channel formed by the inverted V-shaped baffle 12 and the arc-shaped guide plate 13; the transmission mechanism 4 drives the drive gear 26 to rotate, causing the slide plate 22 to reciprocate, which in turn drives the paddle block 23 to reciprocate to achieve intermittent and precise seed discharge. The paddle block 23 reciprocates once for every one revolution of the drive gear 26, releasing two seeds each time;

[0035] Simultaneously, the power is reduced by the driven gear 27 and the turntable gear 33 and then transmitted to the seeding rotating disk 32, driving the seeding rotating disk 32 to rotate according to a set cycle. Its rotation cycle matches the movement cycle of the toggle block. Each rotation of the seeding rotating disk 32 corresponds to three reciprocating cycles of the toggle block, which allows the seeds to fall evenly into the three transport through holes 321 set along the circumference of the seeding rotating disk 32. The seeding rotating disk 32 drives the seeds to rotate to the fan-shaped sowing holes 311 on the bottom plate 31 for sowing. The entire process is controlled by gear transmission and reciprocating mechanism to ensure the continuity and stability of seed sorting, feeding and sowing, which is conducive to reasonable dense planting.

[0036] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this utility model is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations of these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A sorting and protection mechanism for sweet potato seeds, characterized in that: The system includes a placement box (1), a material discharge control mechanism (2), a sorting mechanism (3), and a transmission mechanism (4). The placement box (1) includes a box body (11) with an inclined inner bottom surface. An inverted V-shaped partition plate (12) set in the middle of the inclined surface and two arc-shaped guide plates (13) on the left and right sides of the inner wall of the box form two material discharge channels that gradually shrink and move towards the middle. The material discharge port of the material discharge channel is equipped with a material discharge control mechanism (2) to control the material discharge. A sorting mechanism (3) is set at the bottom of the material discharge control mechanism (2). The material feeding control mechanism (2) includes a slide (21) mounted below the material feeding port and a slide plate (22) slidably connected to the slide (21) on the slide (21). The slide plate (22) is equipped with two left and right levers (23) to synchronously control the opening and closing of the left and right material feeding ports. The slide (21) has a longitudinal through hole for the seeds to fall. Two opposing racks (24) are mounted on the slide plate (22). A half gear (25) is provided between the two racks (24). The half gear (25) meshes with the two racks (24) one after the other, driving the slide plate (22) to move back and forth. The upper and lower parts of the half gear (25) are coaxially connected to the driving gear (26) and the driven gear (27). The driving gear (26) is connected to the output end of the planter's engine through the transmission mechanism (4) to obtain power. The seeding mechanism (3) includes a base plate (31) mounted on the frame of the planter, a seeding rotary disk (32) rotatably connected to the base plate (31), and a rotary gear (33) mounted on the shaft of the seeding rotary disk (32). The rotary gear (33) meshes with the driven gear (27) to obtain rotational power. The seeding rotary disk (32) has N fan-shaped transport holes (321) arranged in a circular array. The base plate (31) has one sowing hole (311) for transporting seeds to fall from the transport holes (321). The transport holes (321) rotate to a position corresponding to the longitudinal direction of the discharge port to obtain the falling seeds and drive them to move along the circumference to the sowing hole (311) for sowing. N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the gear ratio between the rotary gear (33) and the driven gear (27) is N:

1.

2. The sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (4) includes a drive bevel gear (41) installed at the output end of the planter engine, a first transmission bevel gear (42) meshing with the drive bevel gear (41), a second transmission bevel gear (43) meshing with the drive gear (26) of the material discharge control mechanism (2), and a connecting rod (44) connected at both ends to the first transmission bevel gear (42) and the second transmission bevel gear (43) respectively via universal joints (45).

3. The sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material discharge channel has a square opening of 80mm*80mm. A limiting block (231) is installed on the push block (23) and slides left and right along the inner wall of the material discharge opening to limit the maximum reciprocating displacement of the push block (23).

4. The sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide block (21) and the slide plate (22) are connected by a slide rail, with the main rail and the auxiliary rail of the slide rail respectively installed on the slide block (21) and the slide plate (22).

5. The sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeding hole (311) is a fan-shaped seeding hole (311) coaxial with the transport through hole 321. The central angle of the seeding hole (311) is equal to that of the transport through hole (321), and the radius is greater than or equal to that of the fan-shaped through hole (321).

6. The sweet potato seed sorting and protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear ratio between the turntable gear (33) and the driven gear (27) is 3:1, and the rotating disk (32) has 3 fan-shaped transport through holes (321) arranged in a circular array, N=3.

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