A special shelf-type, soilless cultivation bin for high-quality ovarian bud mushrooms.

Abstract

This utility model discloses a high-quality, soil-free cultivation chamber for *M. ovo*, featuring a dedicated shelf system. The invention includes a cultivation chamber, an air conditioning unit, air supply ducts, return air ducts, exhaust air ducts, and a shelf system. A cultivation frame is placed on the shelf system. The air supply ducts, return air ducts, and exhaust air ducts are all located within the cultivation chamber. The air conditioning unit, air supply ducts, return air ducts, and exhaust air ducts facilitate air exchange within the cultivation chamber and adjust the temperature and humidity, providing a stable and suitable growth environment for *M. ovo* cultivation. This allows *M. ovo* spawn bags to be placed upright in the cultivation frame, which is then placed on the shelf for three-dimensional cultivation. No soil covering is required for fruiting. This cultivation method eliminates the need for traditional soil covering. After the fruiting bodies mature, they can be gently pulled out by hand. There are no false roots, no soil, and no need for trimming. They can be directly packaged and sold, saving significant labor costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cultivation technology of *Mammillaria ovalis*, specifically a high-quality *Mammillaria ovalis* special shelf-type cultivation bin without soil covering. Background Technology

[0002] The ovum-spore mushroom, commonly known as black-skinned chicken mushroom, scientifically named *Hymenopellis raphanipes*, gets its name from its resemblance to wild chicken mushrooms. It has a tender, white flesh, is rich in amino acids and polysaccharides, and possesses blood sugar-lowering and antioxidant properties. Traditionally, black-skinned chicken mushrooms are cultivated in greenhouses or plastic tunnels using a soil-covered cultivation method. After harvesting, manual sorting, top-cutting, and soil replacement are required, consuming significant manpower and increasing labor costs by approximately 20%.

[0003] In the traditional cultivation method described above, the lack of temperature and humidity control equipment in the greenhouse prevents proper air exchange, hindering effective moisture retention and temperature control on the substrate. Therefore, a soil covering method is necessary. This soil covering method necessitates removing the rhizoids and cleaning the soil after harvesting, followed by trimming the tops to prevent water loss and extend shelf life. Utility Model Content

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-quality, soil-free cultivation bin for the layered cultivation of small ovarian mushrooms, which can solve at least one of the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a special layered, soil-free cultivation bin for high-quality ootheca acuminata, comprising a cultivation bin, an air conditioning unit, an air supply pipe, a return air pipe, an exhaust air pipe, and a layered bin. The air conditioning unit is located outside the cultivation bin and is connected to the air supply pipe and the return air pipe. The layered bin is located inside the cultivation bin, and a cultivation frame is placed on the layered bin. The air supply pipe, the return air pipe, and the exhaust air pipe are all located inside the cultivation bin. The air supply pipe is located at the top of the cultivation bin, and the return air pipe and the exhaust air pipe are located at the bottom of the cultivation bin. The air supply pipe has an air supply outlet, the return air pipe has a return air outlet, and the exhaust air pipe has an exhaust outlet.

[0008] Preferably, there are two air supply ducts, which are arranged in parallel.

[0009] Preferably, there are two exhaust pipes, which are respectively located near the bottom of the planting chamber on both sides.

[0010] Preferably, there are two return air ducts, which are arranged in parallel and located between the two exhaust air ducts.

[0011] Preferably, the air conditioning unit is connected to the air supply duct via the air supply connection pipe, and the air conditioning unit is connected to the return air duct via the return air connection pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the shelf is provided with a receiving frame, and the planting frame is placed in the receiving frame.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the receiving frame is provided with a slot, and the bottom of the planting frame is locked in the slot.

[0014] Preferably, the planting chamber is equipped with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model provides a high-quality, soil-free cultivation chamber for *M. ovalis*, with the following advantages: This utility model includes a cultivation chamber, an air conditioning unit, air supply pipes, return air pipes, exhaust air pipes, and a shelf. A cultivation frame is placed on the shelf. The air supply pipes, return air pipes, and exhaust air pipes are all located inside the cultivation chamber. The air conditioning unit, air supply pipes, return air pipes, and exhaust air pipes can smoothly exchange the airflow within the cultivation chamber and adjust the temperature and humidity, providing a stable and suitable growth environment for the cultivation of *M. ovalis*. This allows the *M. ovalis* spawn bags to be placed upright in the cultivation frame, which is then placed on the shelf for three-dimensional cultivation. No soil covering is required for fruiting. This cultivation method eliminates the need for traditional soil covering. After the fruiting bodies mature, they can be gently pulled out by hand. There are no false roots, no soil, and no need to trim the tops; they can be directly packaged and sold, saving significant labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of a soilless cultivation bin for high-quality ovarian mushrooms.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the return air duct and exhaust air duct of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply duct of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of a soilless cultivation bin for high-quality ovarian mushrooms;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the receiving frame and the planting frame of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the planting frame of this utility model.

[0023] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Planting bin, 2. Air conditioning unit, 3. Air supply duct, 4. Return air duct, 5. Exhaust air duct, 6. Shelf, 7. Planting frame, 8. Air supply connection pipe, 9. Return air connection pipe, 10. Storage frame, 11. Exhaust fan, 12. Small Od mushroom with follicles. The arrows in the diagram indicate the wind direction. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] This utility model provides a high-quality, soil-free cultivation bin for the ovarian mushroom, comprising a cultivation bin 1, an air conditioning unit 2, an air supply pipe 3, a return air pipe 4, an exhaust air pipe 5, and a shelf 6. The air conditioning unit 2 is located outside the cultivation bin 1 and is connected to the air supply pipe 3 and the return air pipe 4. The shelf 6 is located inside the cultivation bin 1, and a cultivation frame 7 is placed on the shelf 6. The air supply pipe 3, the return air pipe 4, and the exhaust air pipe 5 are all located inside the cultivation bin 1. The air supply pipe 3 is located at the top of the cultivation bin 1, and the return air pipe 4 and the exhaust air pipe 5 are located at the bottom of the cultivation bin 1. The air supply pipe 3 is provided with an air supply outlet, the return air pipe 4 is provided with a return air outlet, and the exhaust air pipe 5 is provided with an exhaust outlet.

[0026] It is understandable that the air conditioning unit 2 delivers treated air (heated, cooled, humidified, or dehumidified) into the planting chamber 1 through the air outlet of the air supply duct 3, thereby stabilizing the temperature and humidity within the planting chamber 1 within a suitable range for cultivation. Meanwhile, the return air vent of the return air duct 4 recycles some air from the planting chamber 1 back to the air conditioning unit 2, mixes it with fresh air, and then sends it back into the planting chamber 1 through the air supply duct 3. This reduces the energy consumption for processing fresh air and, through circulating airflow, reduces local temperature and humidity differences within the planting chamber 1, avoiding localized overheating / overcooling problems caused by direct airflow from the air outlet. Furthermore, excess air (including exhaust gas, high-humidity / high-temperature air, etc.) or water vapor in the planting chamber 1 enters the exhaust duct 5 through the exhaust vent and is finally discharged to the outside of the planting chamber 1 through the exhaust duct 5, thus removing redundant air from the planting chamber 1 and regulating the air pressure within the planting chamber. In summary, the air conditioning unit 2, air supply duct 3, return air duct 4, and exhaust duct 5 can smoothly replace the air in the planting chamber 1 and adjust the temperature and humidity in the planting chamber 1, providing a stable and suitable growth environment for the cultivation of *Millettia foetida* 12. This allows the *Millettia foetida* spawn bags to be placed upright in the planting frame 7, and then the planting frame 7 is placed on the shelf 6 for three-dimensional cultivation, without the need for covering with soil for fruiting.

[0027] In this embodiment, there are two air supply ducts 3, which are arranged in parallel and have multiple air outlets along their length. There are also two exhaust ducts 5, which are located near the bottom sides of the planting chamber 1 and have multiple exhaust outlets along their length. Furthermore, there are two return air ducts 4, which are arranged in parallel between the two exhaust ducts 5 and have multiple return air outlets along their length. The air supply ducts 3 are preferably made of fabric ducts, which, by using fabric ducts, allow for a large air outlet area and low air velocity, avoiding the dead air zones of traditional metal ducts. The return air ducts 4 and exhaust ducts 5 are preferably made of thin-walled PVC round pipes.

[0028] Specifically, exhaust duct 5 is connected to exhaust fan 11; air conditioning unit 2 is connected to supply duct 3 via supply air connection duct 8, and air conditioning unit 2 is connected to return air duct 4 via return air connection duct 9. The air conditioning unit 2 of this utility model is prior art, and its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here.

[0029] Preferably, the shelf 6 is provided with a receiving frame 10, and the planting frame 7 is placed in the receiving frame 10. During cultivation, the *Millettia foetida* 12 spawn bag can be placed upright in the planting frame 7, and then the planting frame 7 is placed in the receiving frame 10 of the shelf 6 for three-dimensional cultivation. The shelf 6 can adopt a multi-layer design, and multiple receiving frames 10 can be set on one shelf 6, and multiple planting frames 7 can be placed in one receiving frame 10. In addition, the bottom of the receiving frame 10 is provided with a slot, and the bottom of the planting frame 7 is locked in the slot. This method can make the planting frame 7 stably placed in the receiving frame 10 and can easily remove the planting frame 7 from the receiving frame 10 for convenient handling after the *Millettia foetida* 12 matures.

[0030] In addition, temperature and humidity sensors can be installed in the planting chamber 1. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature in the planting chamber 1, and the humidity sensor is used to monitor the humidity in the planting chamber 1, so that the air conditioning unit 2 can more easily adjust the temperature and humidity in the planting chamber 1.

[0031] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model provides a high-quality, soil-free cultivation chamber for *M. ovalis*, with the following advantages: This utility model includes a cultivation chamber, an air conditioning unit, air supply pipes, return air pipes, exhaust air pipes, and a shelf. A cultivation frame is placed on the shelf. The air supply pipes, return air pipes, and exhaust air pipes are all located inside the cultivation chamber. The air conditioning unit, air supply pipes, return air pipes, and exhaust air pipes can smoothly exchange the airflow within the cultivation chamber and adjust the temperature and humidity, providing a stable and suitable growth environment for the cultivation of *M. ovalis*. This allows the *M. ovalis* spawn bags to be placed upright in the cultivation frame, which is then placed on the shelf for three-dimensional cultivation. No soil covering is required for fruiting. This cultivation method eliminates the need for traditional soil covering. After the fruiting bodies mature, they can be gently pulled out by hand. There are no false roots, no soil, and no need to trim the tops; they can be directly packaged and sold, saving significant labor costs. The mushrooms cultivated using the above cultivation method can be harvested with larger caps (the angle between the cap and the stem should not exceed 45 degrees). The caps are not only smoother and more fragrant, but also increase the yield by 30-40% compared to the traditional black-skinned chicken mushroom (i.e., small egg-shaped mushroom) harvesting method.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-quality, soil-free cultivation bin for *Mammillaria ovalis*, comprising a cultivation bin, an air conditioning unit, air supply ducts, return air ducts, exhaust ducts, and shelves, characterized in that: The air conditioning unit is located outside the planting chamber and is connected to the air supply duct and the return air duct. The shelf is located inside the planting chamber and a planting frame is placed on the shelf. The air supply duct, the return air duct, and the exhaust duct are all located inside the planting chamber. The air supply duct is located at the top of the planting chamber, and the return air duct and the exhaust duct are located at the bottom of the planting chamber. The air supply duct has an air supply outlet, the return air duct has a return air outlet, and the exhaust duct has an exhaust outlet.

2. The high-quality ovarian mushroom (Matsutake mushroom) special shelf-type soilless cultivation container according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two air supply pipes, which are arranged in parallel.

3. The high-quality follicle small oyster mushroom special layer frame without soil cultivation planting bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two exhaust pipes, which are respectively located near the bottom of the planting chamber on both sides.

4. The high-quality follicle small oyster mushroom special layer frame without soil cultivation planting bin according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are two return air ducts, which are arranged in parallel and located between the two exhaust air ducts.

5. The high-quality follicle small oyster mushroom special layer frame without soil cultivation planting bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air conditioning unit is connected to the air supply pipe via an air supply connection pipe, and the air conditioning unit is connected to the return air pipe via a return air connection pipe.

6. The high-quality follicle small oyster mushroom special layer frame without soil cultivation planting bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shelf is equipped with a receiving frame, and the planting frame is placed in the receiving frame.

7. The high-quality follicle small oyster mushroom special layer frame without soil cultivation planting bin according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the receiving frame is provided with a slot, and the bottom of the planting frame is locked in the slot.

8. The high-quality follicle small oyster mushroom special layer frame without soil cultivation planting bin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting chamber is equipped with temperature and humidity sensors.

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