A wheat variety pulverizing device
By using a two-stage crushing structure and a dynamically adjustable crushing device, the problem of incomplete crushing of different wheat varieties by existing equipment has been solved, achieving efficient and uniform wheat crushing and adapting to the differentiated needs of different hardness and moisture content.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANDONG ZHIXINGHE SEED CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing crushing equipment is difficult to optimize for the differences in hardness and moisture content of different wheat varieties, resulting in unstable processing quality of high-value-added wheat varieties, especially high-hardness wheat varieties, which are prone to producing coarse particle residue.
It adopts a two-stage crushing structure, including a grinding mechanism and a crushing mechanism. The initial crushing is carried out by the relative movement of the upper and lower grinding discs, and then the crushing mechanism performs secondary crushing. Unqualified particles are intercepted by a screen. The crushing force is dynamically adjusted by a sliding mechanism and an eccentrically designed side grinding ring. The three-stage crushing path ensures thorough crushing.
It enables differentiated pulverization of different wheat varieties, avoids material accumulation in the transition zone, improves pulverization effect and efficiency, and ensures uniformity of wheat pulverization and continuous operation time.
Smart Images
Figure CN224443151U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of wheat crushing, and in particular to a wheat variety crushing device. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, with the development of refined agricultural processing, the demand for differentiated crushing of wheat varieties is becoming increasingly prominent. Different varieties of wheat have significant differences in characteristics such as hardness and moisture content. However, existing crushing equipment mostly adopts a general crushing structure, which makes it difficult to optimize the crushing process for specific varieties, resulting in unstable processing quality of high-value-added wheat varieties.
[0003] In the existing technology, the mainstream equipment, as shown in the patent publication number CN106853400A, adopts an integrated structure of "de-dusting cylinder-grinder": after the wheat is dispersed and dusted by the fan, it falls directly into the grinder for crushing through the bottom gap. Although this design integrates dust removal and crushing functions, the crushing process relies on only a single grinder, and the material is prone to local accumulation due to uneven gravity when passing through the bottom gap of the tray. Especially when processing high-hardness wheat varieties, uncrushed particles are prone to deposit in the transition area between the bottom of the de-dusting cylinder and the inlet of the grinder, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning.
[0004] The core flaw of existing technology lies in incomplete pulverization: single-stage grinders lack sufficient pulverization power for high-hardness wheat varieties, easily resulting in coarse particle residue. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can adapt to multiple wheat varieties, avoid bottom sedimentation, and achieve thorough pulverization. Utility Model Content
[0005] This application provides a wheat variety crushing device, which can at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0006] This application provides a wheat variety crushing device, which adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A wheat variety grinding device, comprising:
[0008] The crushing barrel has a crushing chamber and an inlet for filling materials is provided on the top wall;
[0009] A crushing mechanism is disposed within the crushing chamber and located at one end of the crushing chamber near the bottom;
[0010] A screen is installed inside the grinding barrel, dividing the grinding barrel into a working chamber and a collecting chamber, and is located on the lower side of the grinding mechanism;
[0011] A grinding mechanism, disposed within the grinding barrel, includes:
[0012] The upper grinding disc is rotatably disposed inside the crushing barrel and located near the inlet, with a discharge port in the middle;
[0013] The lower grinding disc is disposed inside the crushing barrel and corresponds to the upper grinding disc;
[0014] A drive assembly is disposed inside the grinding barrel and connected to the upper grinding disc, used to drive the upper grinding disc to rotate.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, wheat is fed into the grinding chamber through the inlet on the top wall and first falls into the grinding mechanism area. The drive component drives the upper grinding disc to rotate, forming relative motion with the fixed lower grinding disc. The wheat falls into the gap between the two grinding discs through the feed port in the middle of the upper grinding disc and is initially crushed. The initially crushed wheat falls to the crushing mechanism (located at the bottom of the crushing chamber) for secondary crushing. The crushed particles enter the collection chamber through the screen, and the non-compliant coarse particles are intercepted above the screen. Through the dual-stage design of the grinding mechanism and the crushing mechanism, the high-hardness wheat is first coarsely crushed by the grinding disc, and then finely processed by the bottom crushing mechanism, which completely solves the problem of coarse particle residue caused by insufficient grinding force in single stage. The screen is located below the crushing mechanism, directly intercepting non-compliant particles and guiding them to the crushing area for secondary processing, avoiding the accumulation of materials in the transition area. The dual-stage structure can flexibly adjust the crushing force to meet the differentiated needs of wheat with different hardness / moisture content.
[0016] Optionally, the grinding barrel is provided with a sliding mechanism, which includes a fixed ring, a sliding ring, a first wedge, and a second wedge. The fixed ring is disposed inside the grinding barrel, and the sliding ring rotates and slides on the fixed ring. The upper grinding disc is fixedly connected to the sliding ring. The first wedge is disposed on the fixed ring, and the second wedge is disposed on the sliding ring. The second wedge slides in contact with the first wedge, and when in contact, it drives the sliding ring to move closer to the lower grinding disc.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the drive component drives the upper grinding disc to rotate, it synchronously drives the sliding ring to rotate; the first wedge and the second wedge slide relative to each other, pushing the sliding ring to drive the upper grinding disc to move towards the lower grinding disc, reducing the grinding gap; the grinding disc is automatically pressed according to the hardness of wheat, and the lower wedge is forced to reduce the gap for high-hardness varieties, enhancing the crushing force and further improving the crushing effect.
[0018] Optionally, a compression spring is provided on the fixed ring, the compression spring abuts against the sliding ring, and drives the sliding ring away from the lower grinding disc.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the compression spring continuously pushes the sliding ring away from the lower grinding disc; when the wedge block is not triggered, it maintains the minimum grinding pressure; the spring preload ensures that there is still basic crushing force under low load, and avoids the material slipping in the gap; the wedge block structure works in conjunction with the spring to apply repeated pressure to the wheat and maintain crushing stability.
[0020] Optionally, the upper grinding disc is provided with a side grinding ring, which is sleeved on the outside of the lower grinding disc and has a gap between it and the lower grinding disc.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the side grinding ring of the upper grinding disc is sleeved on the outside of the lower grinding disc to form an annular grinding pair; after the material is crushed in the center of the grinding disc, some coarse particles are ground a second time along the gap between the side grinding ring and the lower grinding disc; additional grinding is carried out on the edge of the hard wheat grains that are easy to remain, reducing the escape of coarse particles; the material spirals downward in the annular gap, prolonging the crushing time and improving uniformity.
[0022] Optionally, a first protrusion is provided on the outer side wall of the lower grinding disc, and a second protrusion is provided on the side grinding ring. The first protrusion and the second protrusion correspond to each other and move relative to each other.
[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the first protrusion of the lower grinding disc and the second protrusion of the side grinding ring are staggered; when they rotate relative to each other, a shear force field is formed between the protrusions, which produces a tearing effect on high toughness / high moisture wheat; the protrusion structure produces strong shearing on sticky wheat, solving the problem of easy adhesion in traditional grinding; the edge ring area is upgraded from grinding to a dual mode of grinding and shearing, which expands the applicable varieties to high toughness varieties such as glutinous wheat, and improves the crushing effect.
[0024] Optionally, the contact surface between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc is conical.
[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the conical contact surface causes the material to diffuse outward under the action of centrifugal force; during the diffusion process, it is squeezed by the gradually narrowing gap to achieve gradient crushing; small particles fall rapidly in the inner ring, while large particles are thrown to the high-pressure zone of the outer ring to enhance crushing and improve efficiency; the conical structure amplifies the wedge adjustment effect, and the crushing force responds exponentially when the gap changes.
[0026] Optionally, the side grinding ring is eccentrically positioned relative to the lower grinding disc.
[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the eccentrically set side grinding ring and the lower grinding disc form a periodic variable-gap gap; the material undergoes a compression-release cycle in the gap, generating high-frequency vibration force; the periodic variable gap disturbs the material, preventing high-moisture wheat from adhering to the side wall; the eccentric motion causes alternating shearing and impact between the protrusions, improving crushing efficiency.
[0028] Optionally, the crushing mechanism is located below the lower grinding disc, corresponding to the gap between the side grinding ring and the lower grinding disc.
[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the coarse particles overflowing from the gap between the side grinding ring and the lower grinding disc fall directly into the feed inlet of the crushing mechanism below; when the blades of the crushing mechanism rotate, they are further crushed, forcibly guiding the coarse particles at the edge into the crushing mechanism, completely eliminating the dead cavity in the transition zone, forming a three-stage path of center grinding → edge shearing → bottom crushing, thereby improving the uniformity of crushing.
[0030] Optionally, the screen slides vertically on the grinding barrel, and the grinding barrel is provided with a vibration mechanism. The vibration mechanism includes a top block, a top plate, and a tension spring. The top block is disposed on the grinding mechanism and rotates with the grinding mechanism. The top plate is disposed on the screen, and the top block can abut against the top plate, causing the top plate and the screen to slide. The tension spring is disposed inside the grinding barrel and connected to the screen, and the tension spring causes the screen to move closer to the top block.
[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, when the crushing mechanism rotates, the top block periodically impacts the top plate of the screen; the impact force overcomes the resistance of the tension spring and pushes the screen upward, and when it rebounds, the tension spring resets the screen, forming a high-frequency vibration screening; the kinetic energy of the crushing mechanism is converted into screen vibration, preventing fine powder from clogging the mesh and improving screening efficiency; no additional power source is required, and the vibration intensity is positively correlated with the crushing load (the vibration frequency is automatically enhanced when the feed amount is high); the three-stage crushing and dynamic screening achieve closed-loop processing, extending the continuous operation time.
[0032] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0033] 1. The dual-stage structure allows for flexible adjustment of the crushing force to meet the diverse needs of wheat with different hardness and moisture content;
[0034] 2. The eccentrically positioned side grinding ring and the lower grinding disc form a periodically variable gap; the material undergoes a compression-release cycle within the gap, generating high-frequency vibration force; the periodically variable gap disturbs the material, preventing high-moisture wheat from adhering to the sidewall; the eccentric motion causes alternating shearing and impact between the protrusions, improving crushing efficiency.
[0035] 3. No additional power source is required; vibration intensity is positively correlated with crushing load (automatic increase in vibration frequency when the feed rate is high); three-stage crushing and dynamic screening achieve closed-loop processing, extending continuous operation time. Attached Figure Description
[0036] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the wheat variety crushing device in the embodiments of this application;
[0037] Figure 2 This is a front view of the pulverizing device in an embodiment of this application;
[0038] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the pulverizing barrel in an embodiment of this application;
[0039] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper grinding disc in an embodiment of this application;
[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle.
[0041] Reference numerals: 100, crushing barrel; 110, crushing chamber; 111, working chamber; 112, collecting chamber; 200, crushing mechanism; 210, cutter; 220, crushing motor; 300, screen; 400, grinding mechanism; 410, upper grinding disc; 420, lower grinding disc; 430, drive assembly; 431, drive motor; 432, gear; 433, gear ring; 500, sliding mechanism; 510, fixed ring; 520, sliding ring; 530, first wedge; 540, second wedge; 550, compression spring; 560, side grinding ring; 600, vibration mechanism; 610, top block; 620, top plate; 630, tension spring. Detailed Implementation
[0042] The following combination Figures 1 to 5 This application will be described in further detail.
[0043] Reference Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides a wheat pulverizing device, the core structure of which includes a pulverizing barrel 100, a grinding mechanism 400, a pulverizing mechanism 200, and a screen 300. The pulverizing barrel 100 has a feed inlet at the top, and inside, from top to bottom, are arranged the grinding mechanism 400 (including relatively rotating upper / lower grinding discs 420), the pulverizing mechanism 200, and the vibrating screen 300. Material enters the grinding zone through the feed inlet for initial pulverization, falls to the pulverizing mechanism 200 for secondary processing, and is finally collected in stages through the screen 300. Through a dual-stage pulverizing path and a dynamic adjustment mechanism, it adapts to the differentiated processing needs of wheat with different hardness, solving the technical defects of traditional equipment such as incomplete pulverization and easy sedimentation.
[0044] The grinding barrel 100 has a cylindrical cavity with a feed inlet at the center of its top wall and an openable and closable discharge door at the bottom. The interior is divided into upper and lower chambers by a screen 300: the upper grinding chamber 110 houses the grinding and crushing mechanism 200, and the lower collecting chamber 112 stores the finished powder. A vibration mechanism 600 is installed on the grinding barrel 100, allowing the screen 300 to slide elastically vertically.
[0045] The grinding mechanism 400 includes an upper grinding disc 410, a lower grinding disc 420, and a drive assembly 430. The upper grinding disc 410 is rotatably connected to the axis of the crushing barrel 100 via bearings, and has a funnel-shaped feeding port at its center. Its disc surface is concave and conical. The lower grinding disc 420 is coaxially fixed to the inner wall of the crushing barrel 100, and its disc surface matches the conical shape of the upper grinding disc 410 to form a gradually narrowing gap. The drive assembly 430 includes a motor, a gear 432, and a gear ring 433. The motor is located on the inner wall of the crushing barrel 100. The gear 432 is keyed to the output shaft of the motor. The gear ring 433 is connected to the upper grinding disc 410, and the gear 432 meshes with the gear ring 433. The motor drives the gear 432 and the gear ring 433 to rotate, thereby causing the upper grinding disc 410 to rotate.
[0046] Wheat falls from the inlet into the outlet, where it is dispersed outwards by centrifugal force and gradually crushed in the conical gap. Small particles fall directly to the bottom, while larger particles enter the edge reinforcement zone.
[0047] To address the issue of adaptive grinding pressure, a sliding mechanism 500 is installed on the inner wall of the grinding drum 100. The sliding mechanism 500 includes a fixed ring 510 fixed to the inner wall of the grinding drum 100, on which a sliding ring 520 slides vertically via a guide rail. The upper grinding disc 410 bearing seat is fixedly connected to the sliding ring 520, enabling synchronous vertical movement. It also includes a wedge assembly: three first wedges 530 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the fixed ring 510, and corresponding second wedges 540 are provided on the sliding ring 520. The second wedges 540 have inclined surfaces, allowing the first wedges 530 to abut against these inclined surfaces and slide along them as the ring rotates, bringing the sliding ring 520 closer to the ground. A compression spring 550 is installed between the fixed ring 510 and the sliding ring 520, normally pulling the sliding ring 520 away from the lower grinding disc 420 (maintaining a basic gap of 2mm).
[0048] When processing high-hardness wheat, the drive component 430 drives the sliding ring 520 to rotate, and the second wedge 540 moves down along the inclined surface of the first wedge 530, forcibly reducing the grinding gap and increasing the crushing force.
[0049] Based on the conical grinding process, a side grinding ring 560 is added to the outer edge of the upper grinding disc 410, with its inner diameter being 5mm larger than the outer diameter of the lower grinding disc 420, forming an annular gap. Further optimizations include: a raised structure: a trapezoidal first raised section is welded to the outer wall of the lower grinding disc 420, and a second raised section is welded to the inner wall of the side grinding ring 560, with the two interlocking; and an eccentric design: the mounting axis of the side grinding disc is offset by 1.5mm relative to the lower grinding disc 420, forming a periodic variable gap (fluctuation of 0.5-1.5mm).
[0050] Coarse particles are subjected to both shearing by protrusions and eccentric vibration within the annular gap, which improves the grinding efficiency of glutinous wheat with high moisture content.
[0051] A blade-type crushing mechanism 200 is provided at the bottom of the crushing chamber 110, including a crushing motor 220 and a cutter 210. The cutter 210 rotates inside the crushing chamber 110 and is located above the screen 300. The cutter 210 covers the annular gap between the side grinding ring 560 and the lower grinding disc 420 and is located below it. When coarse particles overflow from the gap, they fall directly into the rotating blade area for secondary crushing, completely eliminating the deposition in the transition zone.
[0052] The screen 300 slides vertically along the inner wall of the crushing barrel 100 via a telescopic rod. The vibration mechanism 600 includes a top block 610, a top plate 620, and a tension spring 630. The top block 610 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the crushing mechanism 200 and has an arc-shaped guide surface, which makes a circular motion as it rotates. The top plate 620 is welded to the middle of the screen 300. As the crushing mechanism 200 rotates, the side wall of the top block 610 abuts against the top plate 620, causing the top plate 620 to slide vertically, so that the top plate 620 abuts against the end of the top block 610 and the top plate 620 is close to the lower grinding disc 420. The upper end of the tension spring 630 is fixed to the bottom wall of the crushing barrel 100 and pulls the screen 300 close to the top block 610.
[0053] Self-driven screening: The rotating shaft drives the top block 610 to periodically abut against the top plate 620, pushing the screen 300 to move up 5mm and then disengaging. The tension spring 630 instantly resets and generates vibration, thus improving screening efficiency.
[0054] Workflow: Wheat is fed into the feed inlet and undergoes primary crushing by a conical grinding disc (with dynamic gap adjustment). Coarse particles enter the side grinding ring 560 reinforcement zone (shearing and vibration). The residue falls into the bottom crushing mechanism 200 for secondary processing. The powder is graded by a vibrating screen 300. Qualified powder enters the collection chamber 112, and coarse particles are recycled and crushed.
[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A wheat variety pulverizing device, characterized by: include: The crushing barrel (100) has a crushing chamber (110) and an inlet for filling materials is provided on the top wall; A crushing mechanism (200) is disposed in the crushing chamber (110) and located at one end of the crushing chamber (110) near the bottom; A screen (300) is disposed inside the crushing barrel (100) to divide the crushing barrel (100) into a working chamber (111) and a collecting chamber (112), and is located on the lower side of the crushing mechanism (200); A grinding mechanism (400), disposed within the grinding barrel (100), includes: The upper grinding disc (410) is rotatably disposed inside the crushing barrel (100) and located near the inlet, with a discharge port in the middle; The lower grinding disc (420) is disposed inside the crushing barrel (100) and corresponds to the upper grinding disc (410); A drive assembly (430) is disposed inside the crushing barrel (100) and connected to the upper grinding disc (410) for driving the upper grinding disc (410) to rotate.
2. The wheat variety pulverizing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The grinding barrel (100) is provided with a sliding mechanism (500), which includes a fixed ring (510), a sliding ring (520), a first wedge (530), and a second wedge (540). The fixed ring (510) is disposed inside the grinding barrel (100), and the sliding ring (520) rotates and slides on the fixed ring (510). The upper grinding disc (410) is fixedly connected to the sliding ring (520). The first wedge (530) is disposed on the fixed ring (510), and the second wedge (540) is disposed on the sliding ring (520). The second wedge (540) slides in contact with the first wedge (530), and when in contact, it drives the sliding ring (520) to move closer to the lower grinding disc (420).
3. The wheat variety pulverizing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by: A compression spring (550) is provided on the fixed ring (510). The compression spring (550) abuts against the sliding ring (520) and drives the sliding ring (520) away from the lower grinding disc (420).
4. The wheat variety pulverizing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by: A side grinding ring (560) is provided on the upper grinding disc (410). The side grinding ring (560) is sleeved on the outside of the lower grinding disc (420) and there is a gap between the side grinding ring (560) and the lower grinding disc (420).
5. The wheat variety pulverizing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by: A first protrusion is provided on the outer side wall of the lower grinding disc (420), and a second protrusion is provided on the side grinding ring (560). The first protrusion and the second protrusion correspond to each other and move relative to each other.
6. The wheat variety crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: The contact surface between the upper grinding disc (410) and the lower grinding disc (420) is conical.
7. The wheat variety pulverizing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by: The side grinding ring (560) is eccentrically positioned relative to the lower grinding disc (420).
8. The wheat variety pulverizing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by: The crushing mechanism (200) is located below the lower grinding disc (420) and corresponds to the gap between the side grinding ring (560) and the lower grinding disc (420).
9. The wheat variety pulverizing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by: The screen (300) slides vertically on the crushing barrel (100). The crushing barrel (100) is provided with a vibration mechanism (600). The vibration mechanism (600) includes a top block (610), a top plate (620), and a tension spring (630). The top block (610) is disposed on the crushing mechanism (200) and rotates with the crushing mechanism (200). The top plate (620) is disposed on the screen (300). The top block (610) can abut against the top plate (620) and drive the top plate (620) and the screen (300) to slide. The tension spring (630) is disposed inside the crushing barrel (100) and connected to the screen (300). The tension spring (630) drives the screen (300) to approach the top block (610).