A molding die for molding mortise and tenon structures of composite materials

Abstract

This invention proposes a molding die for forming mortise and tenon structures of composite materials, belonging to the field of deep-sea exploration equipment. It solves the problem that existing composite material frame molding dies are complex to operate during demolding, easily leading to structural damage. It includes a baffle, a central shaft, and segmented stringer blocks. The two ends of the central shaft are connected to the baffle by bolts. Multiple segmented stringer blocks are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the central shaft, forming axially extending longitudinal channels between adjacent segments. Each segmented stringer block includes multiple stringer units spaced apart along the length of the central shaft. An annular channel is formed between adjacent stringer units, and the stringer units are detachably connected to the central shaft by bolts. It is mainly used for forming composite material frames for the deployment of exploration equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of support structure for deep-sea exploration equipment, and in particular relates to a molding die for forming mortise and tenon structures of composite materials. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of marine exploration equipment manufacturing, composite material frames are widely used in the support structures of deep-sea exploration equipment due to their excellent lightweight, high strength, and corrosion resistance. These frames typically require pre-embedded axial longitudinal stiffeners and circumferential ring support structures to jointly withstand the complex loads brought by the high-pressure environment of the deep sea, ensuring the overall rigidity and stability of the structure. Currently, the industry generally uses integral steel molds to manufacture such composite material frames with longitudinal and transverse stiffeners. However, existing steel molds are difficult to demold. During the curing process, the composite material will be tightly attached to the mold surface and shrink. The integral mold structure is closed, making it difficult to achieve effective separation after curing. Forced disassembly not only requires the use of large lifting equipment for overall operation, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, but more importantly, the huge separation force can easily damage and crack the delicate composite material frame structure. This can even lead to damage and product scrapping. Furthermore, existing steel molds cannot achieve segmented demolding. For frames with complex internal structures, the overall mold lacks effective segmentation design, meaning demolding can only involve pulling or ejecting the entire frame as a whole, without the ability to separate it systematically and locally according to structural characteristics. This is one of the root causes of the aforementioned risks of violent demolding and damage. Additionally, traditional mold cavities are typically designed with straight walls or lack specific demolding draft angles. This results in a large contact friction surface between the cured composite material ring frame and the mold cavity during demolding, easily scratching the composite material surface during forced demolding, affecting the product's appearance quality and structural performance. Moreover, integral molds are usually designed for specific product dimensions and lack adjustability. When producing frames of different sizes or specifications, it is often necessary to redesign and manufacture the entire mold, resulting in high costs and long lead times. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a molding die for molding mortise and tenon structures of composite materials, so as to solve the problem that the existing composite material frame molding die is complicated to operate during demolding and is prone to damage to the product structure.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a molding die for forming mortise and tenon structures of composite materials, comprising a baffle, a central shaft, and segmented stringer blocks, wherein the two ends of the central shaft are connected to the baffle by bolts; multiple segmented stringer blocks are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the central shaft, and an axially extending longitudinal channel is formed between adjacent segmented stringer blocks; each segmented stringer block includes multiple stringer units spaced apart along the length direction of the central shaft; an annular channel is formed between adjacent stringer units, and the stringer units are detachably connected to the central shaft by bolts.

[0005] Furthermore, the truss unit includes a central truss and two side trusses, with a side truss provided on each side of the central truss.

[0006] Furthermore, the axial sections of both the side truss and the middle truss are tapered structures. The width of the middle truss near the central axis is greater than the width away from the central axis, and the width of the side truss near the central axis is less than the width away from the central axis.

[0007] Furthermore, the cross-section of the annular channel has a tapered structure that tapers towards the central axis.

[0008] Furthermore, the baffle is a circular ring structure, and the outer diameter of the baffle is equal to the diameter of the central axis.

[0009] Furthermore, the surface of the central shaft is evenly distributed with multiple rows of bolt holes along the axial direction, and each row of bolt holes is arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the baffle, central shaft, and segmented truss assembly are all made of metal.

[0011] Furthermore, the two end faces of the central shaft are provided with axial bolt holes, and the baffle is connected to the end face of the central shaft by bolts.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] 1. This utility model uses the axial cross section of the middle girder to form a tapered mating surface with the tapered shape of the side girder, which is wider on the inside and narrower on the outside. After the product is cured and the central shaft is removed, the middle girder falls inward along the tapered mating surface under external force. After the middle girder is removed, the circumferential constraint of the side girder is released, and it can be separated by moving it outward directly. This avoids the generation of transverse shear force during demolding, which would damage the product structure. At the same time, it solves the problem of complicated demolding operation.

[0014] 2. The modular truss unit of this utility model is independently connected to the central shaft by bolts, thereby enabling independent disassembly and replacement, which facilitates independent disassembly and replacement and shortens maintenance time;

[0015] 3. This utility model can change the width of the longitudinal channel by changing the distance between the segmented truss blocks, and can change the depth of the annular channel by changing the distance between the truss units, thereby adapting to multi-specification production. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of the utility model. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial side structure of a molding die for molding mortise and tenon structures of composite materials according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front structural diagram of a molding die for molding mortise and tenon structures of composite materials according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a molding die for forming mortise and tenon structures of composite materials according to the present invention, along point AA.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a molding die for molding mortise and tenon structures of composite materials according to the present invention, along the BB section.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axial side structure of the composite material mortise and tenon structure formed by a molding die for forming composite material mortise and tenon structures according to the present invention.

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] 1. Baffle; 2. Side truss; 3. Middle truss; 4. Central axis; 5. Longitudinal channel; 6. Annular channel; 7. Longitudinal reinforcement; 8. Ring frame. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments.

[0025] Detailed implementation method: See Figure 1-5 This embodiment describes a molding die for forming mortise and tenon structures of composite materials, comprising baffles 1, a central shaft 4, and segmented stringer blocks. The two ends of the central shaft 4 are connected to the baffles 1 by bolts, and two baffles 1 are coaxially arranged with the central shaft 4. Multiple segmented stringer blocks are spaced apart along the circumference of the central shaft 4, and an axially extending longitudinal channel 5 is formed between adjacent segmented stringer blocks. The longitudinal channel 5 is used to process the longitudinal ribs 7 of the composite material frame. Each segmented stringer block includes multiple stringer units spaced apart along the length of the central shaft 4. An annular channel 6 is formed between adjacent stringer units, and the annular channel 6 is used to process the ring frame 8 of the composite material frame. The stringer units are detachably connected to the central shaft 4 by bolts, facilitating subsequent demolding and die reuse.

[0026] The truss unit includes a central truss 3 and two side trusses 2, with one side truss 2 on each side of the central truss 3. The split truss unit facilitates subsequent demolding and allows for partial replacement when the mold is damaged, reducing maintenance costs.

[0027] Both the side girder 2 and the middle girder 3 have tapered cross sections. The width of the middle girder 3 on the side closer to the central axis 4 is greater than the width on the side farther from the central axis 4. The width of the side girder 2 on the side closer to the central axis 4 is less than the width on the side farther from the central axis 4. When demolding, the middle girder 3 is struck from the outside of the mold, and it will fall towards the center of the mold. At this time, the side girder 2 on both sides of the middle girder 3 is then removed to prevent damage to the mold during demolding.

[0028] The cross-section of the annular channel 6 is a tapered structure that gradually tapers toward the central axis 4. The taper of the tapered structure provides a curing shrinkage gap, avoiding damage from violent demolding in traditional molds. The tapering structure allows the ring frame 8 to form a natural wedge after curing, which forms a tenon and mortise structure with the longitudinal rib 7.

[0029] The baffle 1 is a ring structure, and the outer diameter of the baffle 1 is equal to the diameter of the central shaft 4. The baffle 1 is a flange-type disc, and the baffle 1 is coaxially fixed to both ends of the central shaft 4 by bolts to constrain the axial boundary of the mold.

[0030] The surface of the central shaft 4 is evenly distributed with multiple rows of bolt holes along the axial direction. Each row of bolt holes is arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction, which can change the distance of the stringer unit on the central shaft 4 according to the size of the product, thereby realizing the production of composite material frames of different sizes.

[0031] The baffle 1, the central shaft 4, and the segmented truss assembly are all made of metal, thus enabling them to be reused.

[0032] The central shaft 4 has axial bolt holes at both ends. The baffle 1 is connected to the end face of the central shaft 4 by bolts, which constrains the axial boundary of the mold while ensuring the stability of the structural connection.

[0033] The following is a method for using a molding die for molding mortise and tenon structures of composite materials:

[0034] According to the design dimensions of the composite material frame, the truss units are bolted onto the central axis 4, forming axially extending longitudinal channels 5 between adjacent segmented truss groups and annular channels 6 between adjacent truss units. Longitudinal ribs 7 are prefabricated, and dovetail-shaped grooves are machined at the connection points between the longitudinal ribs 7 and the ring frame 8. The longitudinal ribs 7 with dovetail-shaped grooves are installed within the longitudinal channels 5 of the mold, ensuring that the sidewalls of the longitudinal ribs 7 fit snugly against the surface of the longitudinal channels 5, and that the ends of the longitudinal ribs 7 contact the inner surface of the baffle 1. The position of the dovetail-shaped grooves on the longitudinal ribs 7 corresponds to the position where the ring frame 8 is machined. Then, carbon fiber or glass fiber is wound into the ring frame 8 using a wet winding process. By controlling the winding tension and the change in fiber layer width, the carbon fiber... Alternatively, the glass fiber gradually widens at the intersection of the longitudinal ribs 7 and fills the dovetail groove, then cures. During the winding process, due to the change in the width of the dovetail groove, the two sides are wider than the middle under the action of fiber tension. After the carbon fiber or glass fiber is cured, it restricts the movement in the circumferential direction. After curing, it forms an integrated structure in which the longitudinal ribs 7 and the ring frame 8 are connected by mortise and tenon joints. The slope of the ring frame 8 fits with the slope of the groove of the longitudinal ribs 7. After curing, the shrinkage generates radial pressure, which inhibits the axial displacement of the ring frame 8. After the product is cured, demolding is performed. First, the central shaft 4 is pulled out. Then, the middle truss 3 is knocked from the side away from the central shaft 4, causing the middle truss 3 to fall inward. Then, the side trusses 2 on both sides of the middle truss 3 can be removed to achieve demolding, resulting in a cylindrical composite material frame with mortise and tenon structure.

[0035] The specific embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These specific embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to only the described embodiments. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it.

Claims

1. A forming die for forming a composite mortise and tenon joint, characterised in that: It includes a baffle (1), a central shaft (4) and segmented truss blocks. The two ends of the central shaft (4) are connected to the baffle (1) by bolts. Multiple segmented truss blocks are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the central shaft (4), and an axially extending longitudinal channel (5) is formed between adjacent segmented truss blocks. The segmented truss blocks include multiple truss units spaced apart along the length direction of the central shaft (4). An annular channel (6) is formed between adjacent truss units. The truss units are detachably connected to the central shaft (4) by bolts.

2. A forming die for forming a composite mortise and tenon joint according to claim 1, characterised in that: The truss unit includes a central truss (3) and two side trusses (2), with a side truss (2) provided on each side of the central truss (3).

3. A molding die for forming mortise and tenon structures of composite materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial sections of the side truss (2) and the middle truss (3) are both tapered structures. The width of the middle truss (3) on the side closer to the central axis (4) is greater than the width on the side farther from the central axis (4). The width of the side truss (2) on the side closer to the central axis (4) is less than the width on the side farther from the central axis (4).

4. A forming die for forming a composite mortise and tenon joint according to claim 3, wherein: The cross-section of the annular channel (6) is a tapered structure that tapers toward the central axis (4).

5. A forming die for forming a composite mortise and tenon joint according to claim 1, wherein: The baffle (1) is a ring structure, and the outer diameter of the baffle (1) is equal to the diameter of the central axis (4).

6. A forming die for forming a composite mortise and tenon joint according to claim 1, wherein: The surface of the central shaft (4) is evenly distributed with multiple rows of bolt holes along the axial direction, and each row of bolt holes is arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.

7. A forming die for forming a composite mortise and tenon joint according to claim 1, wherein: The baffle (1), the central shaft (4) and the segmented truss assembly are all made of metal.

8. A forming die for forming a composite mortise and tenon joint according to claim 1, wherein: The central shaft (4) has axial bolt holes at both ends, and the baffle (1) is connected to the end face of the central shaft (4) by bolts.

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