Nucleic acid processing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a nucleic acid processing device belongs to nucleic acid extraction technical field. Nucleic acid processing device includes processing container, pressurizing unit and collection container, and processing container has first containing cavity, one end of processing container is provided with first interface, the other end of processing container is provided with second interface, and the lateral wall of processing container is provided with sample adding pipe, and sample adding pipe, first interface and second interface all are connected with first containing cavity, and the first containing cavity is filled with impurity removing material, and the filter screen is arranged below impurity removing material, pressurizing unit communicates with first interface, and pressurizing unit is used for increasing the pressure in first containing cavity, and collection container has second containing cavity, and collection container communicates with second interface through first connecting pipe. The utility model is helpful to the nucleic acid extraction purification of efficient low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nucleic acid extraction technology, and in particular to a nucleic acid processing device. Background Technology

[0002] Molecular detection, a high-precision analytical method based on molecular biology techniques, focuses on the accurate detection and in-depth analysis of nucleic acids (including DNA and RNA) in biological materials such as bodily fluids (e.g., blood, urine, saliva), tissue samples, or cell lysates. By extracting nucleic acids from samples and performing operations such as amplification, sequencing, or hybridization, molecular detection can reveal key biological characteristics such as gene sequence information, mutation status, expression levels, and the presence or absence of pathogens, providing irreplaceable technical support for disease diagnosis, genetic screening, pathogen identification, tumor research, and drug development. Depending on the technology platform, molecular detection can be categorized into polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gene sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), gene chips, and nucleic acid mass spectrometry.

[0003] Currently, mainstream nucleic acid extraction instruments in the field of molecular detection generally adopt the magnetic bead method or centrifugal column method for automated extraction. However, the equipment has low processing efficiency and high purchase cost, which limits the application and popularization of nucleic acid extraction technology in primary medical institutions, field research sites and resource-limited areas. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nucleic acid processing device that facilitates efficient and low-cost extraction and purification of nucleic acids.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is provided:

[0006] Nucleic acid processing device, including:

[0007] A processing container has a first receiving cavity, a first interface is provided at one end of the processing container, a second interface is provided at the other end of the processing container, a sample adding tube is provided on the side wall of the processing container, the sample adding tube, the first interface and the second interface are all connected to the first receiving cavity, the first receiving cavity is filled with a purification substance, and a filter screen is provided below the purification substance.

[0008] A pressurizing unit, connected to the first interface, is used to increase the pressure inside the first accommodating cavity;

[0009] A collection container having a second receiving cavity, the collection container being connected to the second interface via a first connecting pipe.

[0010] As an optional solution for the nucleic acid processing device, the nucleic acid processing device further includes a defoamer, which is disposed on the first connecting tube.

[0011] As an optional solution for the nucleic acid processing device, the nucleic acid processing device further includes a buffer container and a second connecting tube, one end of the second connecting tube being connected to the top of the collection container and the other end of the second connecting tube being connected to the buffer container.

[0012] As an optional solution for nucleic acid processing devices, the buffer container is an air bag or an air tank.

[0013] As an optional solution for the nucleic acid processing device, the pressurization unit includes a piston and a push rod. The piston is disposed in the first receiving cavity, one end of the push rod is connected to the piston, and the other end of the push rod extends along the vertical direction and beyond the first interface.

[0014] As an optional solution for nucleic acid processing devices, the surface of the push rod is provided with an anti-slip structure.

[0015] As an optional solution for nucleic acid processing devices, the anti-slip structure includes anti-slip protrusions, anti-slip grooves, or anti-slip patterns.

[0016] As an optional solution for the nucleic acid processing device, the pressurization unit includes a switching valve and a third connecting pipe. One end of the third connecting pipe is connected to the first interface, and the other end of the third connecting pipe is connected to an air pump. The switching valve is disposed on the third connecting pipe.

[0017] As an optional solution for nucleic acid processing devices, the included angle A between the sample addition tube and the processing container is an acute angle.

[0018] As an optional solution for the nucleic acid processing device, the nucleic acid processing device also includes a cover, which is detachably connected to the opening of the sample addition tube.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] The nucleic acid processing device provided by this invention has a second receiving cavity in the collection container connected to the first receiving cavity in the processing container via a first connecting tube. The sample and nucleic acid release agent mixture is added to the first receiving cavity through the sample addition tube. Under gravity, the mixture passes through a filtration medium and a filter screen, which absorb water, impurities, and salts from the mixture. Finally, the mixture collects in the collection container, completing the extraction and purification of nucleic acid. After passing through the filtration medium, some water is absorbed, increasing the concentration of the nucleic acid release agent to a certain extent, further accelerating the release of nucleic acid from the sample. A pressurization unit is connected to the first interface of the processing container, increasing the pressure within the first receiving cavity. Under the action of the pressurization unit, the downward flow speed of the mixture is further accelerated, improving nucleic acid processing efficiency and contributing to efficient and low-cost nucleic acid extraction and purification. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the nucleic acid processing device in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the nucleic acid processing device in the loading state in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nucleic acid processing device in this embodiment of the present invention for collecting nucleic acid.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 1. Processing container; 2. Pressurization unit; 3. Collection container; 4. First connecting pipe; 5. Defoamer; 6. Buffer container; 7. Second connecting pipe; 8. Cover;

[0027] 11. First receiving cavity; 12. First interface; 13. Second interface; 14. Sample addition tube; 15. Impurity removal material; 16. Filter screen;

[0028] 21. Piston; 22. Push rod;

[0029] 31. Second receiving cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0034] To achieve efficient and low-cost nucleic acid extraction and purification, this embodiment provides a nucleic acid processing device, which is described below in conjunction with... Figures 1 to 3 The specific content of this embodiment will be described in detail. It should be noted that the vertical direction mentioned in this embodiment refers to... Figure 1 The Z direction in the equation.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the nucleic acid processing device includes a processing container 1, a pressurizing unit 2, and a collection container 3. These components work together to achieve efficient nucleic acid processing. The processing container 1 is the core operating space of the entire nucleic acid processing device. It has a first receiving cavity 11 extending vertically (in other embodiments, the first receiving cavity 11 can also be inclined or horizontally positioned). This vertical design facilitates the natural downward flow of the sample mixture under gravity. One end of the processing container 1 has a first interface 12, and the other end has a second interface 13. A sample addition tube 14 is located on the side wall of the processing container 1. The sample addition tube 14, the first interface 12, and the second interface 13 are all connected to the first receiving cavity 11, ensuring that samples and reagents can smoothly enter the first receiving cavity 11 and that the processed liquid can flow out smoothly. The first receiving cavity 11 is filled with a purification substance 15, which effectively absorbs moisture in the mixture. A filter screen 16 is positioned below the impurity-removing substance 15. The filter screen 16 serves two purposes: preventing the impurity-removing substance 15 from falling downwards and further filtering impurities from the mixture, ensuring the purity of the final collected nucleic acid solution. A pressurizing unit 2 is connected to the first interface 12 and is used to increase the pressure within the first receiving cavity 11, providing additional power for the flow of the mixture. The collection container 3 has a second receiving cavity 31, which is connected to the second interface 13 via a first connecting tube 4. The second receiving cavity 31 is used to collect the nucleic acid solution processed by the processing container 1, providing a pure sample for subsequent nucleic acid analysis and applications. Exemplarily, the impurity-removing substance 15 can be laid in a single layer or multiple layers within the first receiving cavity 11, depending on the actual usage. The sample can also pass through the impurity-removing substance 15 more than once, or even twice or more; no further limitations are imposed here.

[0037] In actual operation, the sample and nucleic acid release agent mixture is first added to the first receiving cavity 11 of the processing container 1 through the sample addition tube 14. At this time, the mixture begins to flow downward under the action of gravity, passing through the impurity removal substance 15 and the filter 16 in sequence. The impurity removal substance 15 can quickly absorb the water in the mixture, reducing the water content. Due to the absorption of water, the concentration of the nucleic acid release agent in the remaining liquid is relatively increased. The increase in the concentration of the nucleic acid release agent has a significant promoting effect on the release of nucleic acid in the sample. It can more effectively destroy cell structure and nuclear membrane, allowing nucleic acid to be released from the cells, thereby improving the nucleic acid extraction efficiency. The filter 16 plays a further purification role. It can intercept solid impurities, cell debris, etc. in the mixture, ensuring that only pure nucleic acid solution can pass through. After being treated by the impurity removal substance 15 and the filter 16, the mixture finally flows into the second receiving cavity 31 of the collection container 3, completing the nucleic acid extraction and purification process.

[0038] The nucleic acid processing device provided by this invention improves nucleic acid release efficiency: when the mixed solution passes through the impurity removal substance 15, some water is absorbed, leading to a certain increase in the concentration of the nucleic acid releasing agent. According to the principles of chemical reaction kinetics, the higher the concentration of reactants, the faster the reaction rate. In this device, the increased concentration of the nucleic acid releasing agent accelerates its interaction with cells in the sample, more rapidly disrupting cell structure and nuclear membranes, allowing nucleic acids to be released into the solution more quickly, thereby significantly improving the nucleic acid release efficiency.

[0039] The nucleic acid processing device provided by this invention accelerates the flow rate of the mixed solution: the pressurizing unit 2 is connected to the first interface 12 of the processing container 1, and the pressurizing unit 2 can increase the pressure inside the first receiving cavity 11. According to the principles of fluid mechanics, liquids flow faster under the action of pressure difference. In this device, the additional pressure generated by the pressurizing unit 2 increases the flow rate of the mixed solution in the first receiving cavity 11, reduces the residence time of the mixed solution in the processing container 1, and thus improves the efficiency of the entire nucleic acid processing.

[0040] The nucleic acid processing device provided by this invention ensures the purity of the nucleic acid solution: the filter 16 inside the processing container 1 effectively intercepts impurities in the mixture, such as solid particles and cell debris. If these impurities enter the subsequent nucleic acid analysis process, they will interfere with the analysis results, affecting the accuracy and reliability of the experiment. Through the filtration effect of the filter 16, it can be ensured that only pure nucleic acid solution enters the collection container 3, providing high-quality samples for subsequent nucleic acid analysis and application, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results.

[0041] The nucleic acid processing device provided by this invention achieves efficient and low-cost processing: the device has a relatively simple structure, is easy to operate, and does not require complex equipment or large amounts of reagents, thus reducing the cost of nucleic acid processing. Furthermore, the device has high processing efficiency, capable of processing a large number of samples in a short time, improving work efficiency and making it suitable for large-scale nucleic acid screening and analysis.

[0042] For example, the impurity-removing substance 15 includes superabsorbent polymer (SAP) or activated carbon. SAP is a powerful and widely used new type of functional polymer material. It has a unique three-dimensional network structure, which results in a large number of hydrophilic groups, such as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, on its molecular chains. When in contact with water, these hydrophilic groups interact strongly with water molecules, firmly adsorbing the water molecules onto the molecular chains through hydrogen bonding and other mechanisms. Simultaneously, the three-dimensional network structure gradually expands during water absorption, forming a gel-like substance that can absorb hundreds or even thousands of times its own weight in water, and possesses excellent water retention properties, preventing the release of absorbed water even under certain pressure. Activated carbon, on the other hand, is a carbon material with a highly developed pore structure and a large specific surface area. It is typically prepared from carbonaceous materials such as coal, wood, and nutshells, through high-temperature carbonization and activation processes. The pore structure of activated carbon is divided into micropores, mesopores, and macropores, with micropores accounting for the majority. These micropores act like tiny "traps," adsorbing water molecules and other impurity molecules within their pores through van der Waals forces. The impurity-removing substance 15 may also include desalination resin. Desalination resin is a polymer compound with a network structure containing functional groups. It is insoluble in water and common solvents, possessing a three-dimensional network structure. The framework of this network structure is generally made from styrene and divinylbenzene through polymerization, and many functional groups capable of ion exchange, such as sulfonic acid groups (-SO3H) and quaternary ammonium groups (-N(CH3)3OH), are attached to the framework. Desalination resin primarily removes salt from water based on the principle of ion exchange. After cation and anion exchange, various salt ions in the water are removed, thus achieving desalination.

[0043] Furthermore, the nucleic acid processing device in this embodiment also includes a defoamer 5, which is disposed on the first connecting tube 4. During nucleic acid processing, bubbles may adsorb some tiny impurity particles, such as cell fragments, protein fragments, or other insoluble substances. If these bubbles carrying impurities enter the second receiving cavity 31 of the collection container 3, it will cause additional impurities to be mixed into the collected nucleic acid product, reducing the purity of the nucleic acid. The defoamer 5 can effectively eliminate bubbles in the product liquid, avoiding the adsorption and carrying of impurities by bubbles, thereby reducing the possibility of impurities entering the final nucleic acid product and significantly improving the purity of nucleic acid extraction. Bubbles in the liquid may encapsulate some nucleic acid molecules, making it impossible for these nucleic acid molecules to be separated and collected smoothly from other components. By eliminating bubbles, the defoamer 5 removes the encapsulation of nucleic acid molecules by bubbles, ensuring that all nucleic acid molecules can exist freely in the liquid and be completely collected into the second receiving cavity 31, further ensuring the integrity and purity of nucleic acid extraction. The presence of bubbles will change the flow characteristics of the liquid in the first connecting tube 4, making the liquid flow uneven, and even causing local turbulence or blockage. This increases the resistance to liquid flow in the pipe, reduces the liquid flow rate, and thus prolongs the overall nucleic acid processing time. After the defoamer 5 eliminates air bubbles, the liquid can flow more uniformly and stably in the first connecting tube 4, reducing flow resistance and accelerating the transfer speed of the liquid from the processing container 1 to the collection container 3, thereby improving the efficiency of nucleic acid processing. High-purity, bubble-free nucleic acid products are fundamental to obtaining accurate analytical results. In subsequent nucleic acid analyses, such as PCR amplification and gene sequencing, the presence of impurities or air bubbles in the nucleic acid sample can affect the stability and efficiency of the reaction system, leading to deviations in the analytical results. The defoamer 5 ensures that the collected nucleic acid products have good quality, providing a reliable guarantee for accurate subsequent nucleic acid analysis.

[0044] Furthermore, the nucleic acid processing device also includes a buffer container 6 and a second connecting pipe 7. One end of the second connecting pipe 7 is connected to the top of the collection container 3, and the other end is connected to the buffer container 6. During the actual operation of nucleic acid processing, as the product liquid continuously flows into the second receiving cavity 31 of the collection container 3, the space inside the collection container 3 is gradually occupied as the liquid volume increases, and the gas originally present in the container is compressed. At this time, due to the presence of the second connecting pipe 7, the excess gas in the collection container 3 can smoothly enter the buffer container 6 through the second connecting pipe 7. The buffer container 6 acts like a "gas reservoir," accommodating this excess gas and preventing excessive pressure inside the collection container 3 due to gas accumulation. The stable pressure inside the collection container 3 provides favorable conditions for the normal flow of liquid within the device, ensuring that the liquid flows smoothly in the predetermined direction and speed, guaranteeing that the liquid can continuously and stably flow from the processing container 1 through the first connecting pipe 4 into the collection container 3, and then be further processed or collected according to subsequent needs. If excessive pressure is caused by gas accumulation in the collection container 3, affecting the liquid flow, it may lead to an interruption in the entire nucleic acid processing process. For example, if the liquid cannot flow normally into the collection container 3, the product in the processing container 1 may accumulate, affecting subsequent processing steps and even requiring the device to be stopped for cleaning and adjustment. The presence of the buffer container 6 and the second connecting tube 7 can effectively avoid this situation, ensuring the continuity and stability of the nucleic acid processing, reducing the number and duration of processing interruptions, and thus improving the overall processing efficiency.

[0045] Furthermore, the buffer container 6 is an air bladder or a gas cylinder. When an air bladder is used as the buffer container 6, it is usually made of a polymer material with good elasticity and flexibility, such as rubber or a specific elastic plastic. This material can expand and contract freely according to changes in gas pressure and volume, like a flexible "gas sponge." Another option for the buffer container 6 is a gas cylinder, which is generally made of metal, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy. After precision machining and sealing, it is robust, durable, and pressure-resistant, capable of storing gases at higher pressures.

[0046] Exemplarily, the pressurizing unit 2 in this embodiment includes a piston 21 and a push rod 22. The piston 21 is made of a material with good sealing and wear resistance, such as silicone or a special rubber. The shape of the piston 21 fits tightly against the inner wall of the first receiving cavity 11 to ensure that no gas leakage occurs during movement. The piston 21 is disposed in the first receiving cavity 11 and can slide smoothly along a specific trajectory within the first receiving cavity 11. The push rod 22 is typically made of a high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal material, such as stainless steel, to ensure that it will not deform or be damaged during repeated operation. One end of the push rod 22 is connected to the piston 21 (e.g., by threaded connection or snap-fit ​​connection, tightly fixed together to ensure that the piston 21 can move synchronously when the push rod 22 is pushed or pulled), and the other end of the push rod 22 extends vertically and beyond the first interface 12, allowing the operator to easily operate the push rod 22 from outside the device.

[0047] In actual nucleic acid processing, when it is necessary to accelerate the flow rate of liquid in the first receiving cavity 11 and related pipes, the operator only needs to operate the push rod 22 downwards. As the push rod 22 moves downwards, it drives the piston 21 to move downwards synchronously within the first receiving cavity 11. The downward movement of the piston 21 compresses the space within the first receiving cavity 11, increasing the pressure within the cavity. According to the principles of fluid dynamics, under the action of the pressure difference, the liquid will flow out of the first receiving cavity 11 at a faster speed, passing through components such as the filter 16 into subsequent processing steps, thereby improving the efficiency of liquid transfer in the entire nucleic acid processing process.

[0048] After nucleic acid collection is completed, the pressurization unit 2 needs to be reset to prepare for the next nucleic acid processing. At this time, the operator moves the push rod 22 upwards, which in turn moves the piston 21 upwards within the first receiving cavity 11. As the piston 21 moves upwards, the space within the first receiving cavity 11 gradually increases, and the pressure gradually decreases until it returns to its initial state. The piston 21 has also reset, and the entire pressurization unit 2 returns to its initial working ready state, awaiting the next operation.

[0049] Furthermore, the surface of the push rod 22 is provided with an anti-slip structure. Adding an anti-slip structure to the surface of the push rod 22 increases the friction between the user's hand and the push rod 22, preventing slippage. This is an important measure to further improve operational convenience while ensuring the basic performance of the push rod 22. Specifically, the anti-slip structure includes various forms. For example, the anti-slip structure includes anti-slip protrusions, anti-slip grooves, or anti-slip textures. Anti-slip protrusions are tiny raised particles evenly distributed on the surface of the push rod 22. These protrusions can be made of soft materials with a high coefficient of friction, such as rubber or silicone, or they can be directly formed into tiny raised textures on the metal or plastic surface of the push rod 22 through mechanical processing. Anti-slip grooves are grooves opened along a certain direction on the surface of the push rod 22. These grooves can be straight, spiral, or wavy, etc., which can both increase the contact area between the user's hand and the push rod 22 and enhance friction through the edge effect of the grooves. Anti-slip textures are a more complex surface texture design. They can be regular geometric patterns, such as grids or diamonds, or simulate irregular natural textures. By creating an uneven microstructure on the surface of the push rod 22, the coefficient of friction between the hand and the push rod 22 is greatly increased. In actual operation, the added anti-slip structure plays a crucial role when the operator needs to operate the push rod 22 downwards to move the piston 21 within the first receiving cavity 11 to accelerate liquid flow, or when the operator operates the push rod 22 upwards to reset the piston 21 after nucleic acid collection. When the hand grips the push rod 22, the anti-slip protrusions, grooves, or textures create closer contact with the skin, effectively increasing the friction between the hand and the push rod 22. This enhanced friction effectively prevents slippage caused by factors such as sweaty hands, a smooth surface on the push rod 22, or excessive force during operation.

[0050] Alternatively, in this embodiment, the piston 21 may not be used to act on the sample (allowing the sample to pass through the impurity removal substance 15). Instead, the sample may be acted on by directly connecting the upper end of the first receiving cavity 11 to positive air pressure, the lower end of the first receiving cavity 11 to negative air pressure, or by centrifuging the first receiving cavity 11, so that the sample can move within the first receiving cavity 11 and pass through the impurity removal substance 15.

[0051] Furthermore, the angle A between the sample addition tube 14 and the processing container 1 is an acute angle. The sample addition tube 14 is tilted downwards, creating a natural gravity-guided tendency. When the mixture is injected into the sample addition tube 14, the mixture will flow smoothly downwards along the inner wall of the sample addition tube 14 under its own gravity, which helps the mixture to flow quickly into the first receiving cavity 11 of the processing container 1.

[0052] Furthermore, the nucleic acid processing device also includes a cover 8, which is detachably connected to the opening of the sample addition tube 14. The detachable connection can be implemented in various ways. One common and reliable method is a threaded connection, where the cover 8 has internal threads, and correspondingly, the outer wall of the sample addition tube 14 has external threads. When the cover 8 needs to be installed onto the sample addition tube 14, simply align the cover 8 with the opening of the sample addition tube 14, and then slowly rotate the cover 8 so that the internal and external threads engage. As rotation continues, the cover 8 is tightly fixed to the sample addition tube 14. This threaded connection method features a strong connection and good sealing, effectively preventing the cover 8 from accidentally falling off during nucleic acid processing.

[0053] Besides threaded connections, plug-in connections are also a practical detachable connection method. The cover 8 has a groove of a specific shape and size, with an annular protrusion on the inner wall of the groove. During installation, the opening of the sample adding tube 14 is aligned with the groove of the cover 8, and then pressure is applied to insert the sample adding tube 14 into the groove. At this time, the annular protrusion will create an interference fit with the outer wall of the sample adding tube 14, that is, the annular protrusion will tightly grip the outer wall of the sample adding tube 14, forming a certain friction and sealing force, thereby ensuring that the cover 8 and the sample adding tube 14 are tightly connected together. This plug-in connection method is simple to operate, allowing for quick installation and removal of the cover 8, improving operational efficiency.

[0054] In addition to preventing aerosol contamination, the addition of the cap 8, through its sealed connection with the sample addition tube 14, also prevents the evaporation of liquid components in the sample. Solvents or additives in some nucleic acid samples may be volatile. If the sample addition tube 14 is not properly sealed, these volatile components will gradually dissipate, causing changes in the sample's concentration and composition, thus affecting the accuracy of nucleic acid testing results. The sealing effect of the cap 8 effectively reduces the loss of volatile components in the sample, maintaining sample stability and consistency, and providing a reliable sample basis for accurate nucleic acid testing.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This embodiment provides a nucleic acid processing device. Compared with Embodiment 1, the basic structure of the nucleic acid processing device provided in this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that the setting of the pressurization unit 2 is different. This embodiment will not describe the same structure as Embodiment 1 again.

[0057] Furthermore, the pressurization unit 2 includes a switching valve and a third connecting pipe, forming a key component combination for improving nucleic acid processing efficiency. The third connecting pipe serves as a gas transmission channel, with one end connected to the first interface 12 on the processing container 1. The connection between the first interface 12 and the third connecting pipe is tight and leak-free, capable of withstanding a certain pressure. The other end of the third connecting pipe is securely connected to an air pump, which acts as a power source to provide high-pressure gas, supplying energy for the entire pressurization process. The air pump typically has a stable gas pressure output capability, capable of generating high-pressure gas at different pressures according to actual needs, to meet the varying requirements for liquid flow rate during nucleic acid processing. The switching valve is located on the third connecting pipe, acting as a precise flow controller. It has a rapid opening and closing function, instantly changing the gas flow state within the third connecting pipe. The internal structure of the switching valve can withstand the impact of high-pressure gas, ensuring long-term stable operation.

[0058] After the nucleic acid sample and various reagents are mixed and the mixture is added to the first containment chamber 11 of the processing container 1, the crucial moment for the pressurization unit 2 to function begins. At this point, the operator simply operates the switch valve to open it. Once the valve is open, the air pump starts working, and the generated high-pressure gas is quickly delivered into the processing container 1 through the third connecting pipe. The high-pressure gas entering the processing container 1 exerts a strong pressure on the mixture within the first containment chamber 11. This pressure overcomes the viscous resistance of the mixture itself and the friction with the container's inner wall, accelerating the flow of the mixture. Many reactions in nucleic acid processing are based on the collision and binding between reactants. The pressurization unit 2 accelerates the flow rate of the mixture, making the movement of reactant molecules in the solution more vigorous and greatly increasing the frequency of collisions. More collisions mean more reaction opportunities, thus accelerating the reaction process.

[0059] In actual nucleic acid processing, the mixtures used may have different viscosities. The pressurization unit 2 can adjust the pressure of the air pump and the opening of the switching valve according to the viscosity of the mixture, thereby controlling the flow rate and pressure of the high-pressure gas entering the processing container 1. For high-viscosity mixtures, the pressure and flow rate can be appropriately increased to provide sufficient power to overcome viscous resistance; for low-viscosity mixtures, the pressure and flow rate can be reduced to avoid excessive stirring and damage to the sample. This flexible adjustment capability allows the nucleic acid processing device to adapt to various types of samples and reagents, improving the device's versatility and applicability.

[0060] Different nucleic acid processing experiments may have varying requirements for liquid flow rate and reaction time. The presence of pressurization unit 2 allows operators to adjust these parameters according to specific experimental needs. For example, in some rapid screening experiments where results are required as quickly as possible, the pressurization pressure can be increased to accelerate liquid flow and reaction progress; while in studies with extremely high accuracy requirements, the pressure can be appropriately reduced to ensure the reaction proceeds fully and the results are reliable. This adjustability facilitates the application of nucleic acid processing devices in different fields and meets diverse experimental needs.

[0061] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Many other equivalent embodiments may be included without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid processing device, characterized in that, include: A processing container (1) has a first receiving cavity (11). One end of the processing container (1) is provided with a first interface (12), and the other end of the processing container (1) is provided with a second interface (13). A sample adding tube (14) is provided on the side wall of the processing container (1). The sample adding tube (14), the first interface (12), and the second interface (13) are all connected to the first receiving cavity (11). The first receiving cavity (11) is filled with a purification substance (15), and a filter screen (16) is provided below the purification substance (15). A pressurizing unit (2) is connected to the first interface (12), and the pressurizing unit (2) is used to increase the pressure inside the first receiving cavity (11); The collection container (3) has a second receiving cavity (31) and is connected to the second interface (13) via a first connecting pipe (4).

2. The nucleic acid processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nucleic acid processing device also includes a defoamer (5), which is disposed on the first connecting tube (4).

3. The nucleic acid processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nucleic acid processing device further includes a buffer container (6) and a second connecting tube (7), one end of the second connecting tube (7) being connected to the top of the collection container (3), and the other end of the second connecting tube (7) being connected to the buffer container (6).

4. The nucleic acid processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The buffer container (6) is an air bag or an air tank.

5. The nucleic acid processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurizing unit (2) includes a piston (21) and a push rod (22). The piston (21) is disposed in the first receiving cavity (11). One end of the push rod (22) is connected to the piston (21), and the other end of the push rod (22) extends vertically and beyond the first interface (12).

6. The nucleic acid processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surface of the push rod (22) is provided with an anti-slip structure.

7. The nucleic acid processing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The anti-slip structure includes anti-slip protrusions, anti-slip grooves, or anti-slip patterns.

8. The nucleic acid processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressurization unit (2) includes a switch valve and a third connecting pipe. One end of the third connecting pipe is connected to the first interface (12), and the other end of the third connecting pipe is connected to an air pump. The switch valve is located on the third connecting pipe.

9. The nucleic acid processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle A between the sample addition tube (14) and the processing container (1) is an acute angle.

10. The nucleic acid processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The nucleic acid processing device also includes a cover (8), which is detachably connected to the opening of the sample addition tube (14).

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