Battery box and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of battery box and battery pack, battery box includes frame body and pressure relief component, pressure relief component separates frame body into first accommodating cavity and second accommodating cavity, first accommodating cavity is used to accommodate first battery pack, second accommodating cavity is used to accommodate second battery pack, first battery pack includes multiple first battery monomer, and second battery pack includes multiple second battery monomer;Pressure relief component is provided with airflow passage, multiple first pressure relief hole and second pressure relief hole, the explosion-proof valve of first battery monomer is set one by one with first pressure relief hole, and the explosion-proof valve of second battery monomer is set one by one with second pressure relief hole;First pressure relief hole is provided with first check valve, the air inlet end of first check valve is towards first accommodating cavity, exhaust end is towards airflow passage setting, and second pressure relief hole is provided with second check valve, the air inlet end of second check valve is towards second accommodating cavity, exhaust end is towards airflow passage setting.The box can reduce the security risk caused by thermal runaway of battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery technology, and specifically relates to a battery box and battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy vehicle and energy storage equipment technology, the battery pack, as the core energy storage unit, directly affects the device's range, integration, and overall performance through its internal space utilization. To ensure the safe operation of the battery pack, a pressure relief chamber is typically installed inside the battery pack to release the high-temperature, high-pressure gases generated by battery thermal runaway.

[0003] Currently, some battery packs use a structure where the upper and lower battery groups share the same pressure relief chamber. When any cell in the battery pack explodes abnormally due to internal short circuits, overcharging, over-discharging, or other factors, it is very easy to impact the corresponding cell in the other battery pack, thereby causing the battery to experience thermal runaway safety risks. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a battery housing that can effectively avoid the safety risks caused by thermal runaway of the battery.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a battery pack.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A battery housing includes a frame and a pressure relief assembly. The pressure relief assembly is disposed within the frame. The frame is provided with a pressure relief valve connected to the pressure relief assembly. The pressure relief assembly divides the frame into a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity arranged vertically. The first accommodating cavity is used to accommodate a first battery pack, and the second accommodating cavity is used to accommodate a second battery pack. The first battery pack includes a plurality of first battery cells, and the second battery pack includes a plurality of second battery cells.

[0008] The pressure relief assembly includes an airflow channel, multiple first pressure relief holes and second pressure relief holes, and the explosion-proof valve of the first battery cell is configured to correspond one-to-one with the first pressure relief hole, and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery cell is configured to correspond one-to-one with the second pressure relief hole.

[0009] The first pressure relief hole is provided with a first one-way valve, the inlet end of the first one-way valve is positioned facing the first receiving cavity, and the exhaust end is positioned facing the airflow channel. The second pressure relief hole is provided with a second one-way valve, the inlet end of the second one-way valve is positioned facing the second receiving cavity, and the exhaust end is positioned facing the airflow channel.

[0010] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, when one or more of the first battery cells malfunction due to overcharging, overheating, or internal short circuit, the explosion-proof valve of the first battery cell will automatically open to release the internal high-pressure gas. At this time, under pressure, the first one-way valve is in the conducting state, and the high-pressure gas flows through the first one-way valve into the airflow channel, and then through the airflow channel to the pressure relief valve, which releases the high-pressure gas. Similarly, when one or more of the second battery cells malfunction due to overcharging, overheating, or internal short circuit, the explosion-proof valve of the second battery cell will automatically open to release the internal high-pressure gas. At this time, under pressure, the second one-way valve is in the conducting state, and the high-pressure gas flows through the second one-way valve into the airflow channel, and then through the airflow channel to the pressure relief valve, which releases the high-pressure gas.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the battery housing disclosed in this utility model has a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve that enable the high-pressure gas to flow in one direction. When the high-pressure gas enters the airflow channel, it will not flow in the opposite direction to other first and second battery cells through the first and second one-way valves. Therefore, when one or more first or second battery cells fail, it will not affect other first or second battery cells, thereby greatly reducing the safety risk caused by thermal runaway of the battery. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery box disclosed in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the first and second battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pressure relief assembly at one angle as disclosed in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure relief assembly from another angle, as disclosed in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the first check valve and the second check valve disclosed in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the first side plate disclosed in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the battery box disclosed in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0021] 100. Frame; 101. First side panel; 102. Second side panel; 103. Third side panel; 104. Fourth side panel; 105. Partition plate; 106. Partition cavity; 107. Gas passage hole; 108. Pressure relief valve;

[0022] 200, Pressure relief assembly; 201, Airflow channel; 202, First pressure relief plate; 2021, First pressure relief hole; 203, Second pressure relief plate; 2031, Second pressure relief hole; 204, Baffle plate; 205, First check valve; 206, Second check valve;

[0023] 300, First battery cell;

[0024] 400, Second battery cell. Detailed Implementation

[0025] In view of this, the core of this utility model is to provide a battery housing that can effectively avoid the safety risks caused by thermal runaway of the battery.

[0026] Another key aspect of this invention is that it provides a battery pack.

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model. Please refer to... Figures 1-7 .

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The battery box disclosed in this embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 100 and a pressure relief assembly 200. The pressure relief assembly 200 is disposed inside the frame 100 and divides the frame 100 into a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity arranged in a vertical direction. The first accommodating cavity is used to accommodate a first battery pack, and the second accommodating cavity is used to accommodate a second battery pack. The first battery pack includes a plurality of first battery cells 300, and the second battery pack includes a plurality of second battery cells 400.

[0029] The pressure relief assembly 200 includes an airflow channel 201, multiple first pressure relief holes 2021 and second pressure relief holes 2031. The explosion-proof valve of the first battery cell 300 is configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the first pressure relief hole 2021, and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery cell 400 is configured in a one-to-one correspondence with the second pressure relief hole 2031. A first one-way valve 205 is provided in the first pressure relief hole 2021. The air inlet of the first one-way valve 205 faces the first receiving cavity, and the exhaust end faces the airflow channel 201. A second one-way valve 206 is provided in the second pressure relief hole 2031. The air inlet of the second one-way valve 206 faces the second receiving cavity, and the exhaust end faces the airflow channel 201.

[0030] When one or more of the first battery cells 300 malfunction due to overcharging, overheating, or internal short circuit, the explosion-proof valve of the first battery cell 300 will automatically open to release the internal high-pressure gas. At this time, under pressure, the first one-way valve 205 is in a conducting state, and the high-pressure gas flows through the first one-way valve 205 into the airflow channel 201, and then through the airflow channel 201 to the pressure relief valve 108, where the high-pressure gas is released. Similarly, when one or more of the second battery cells 400 malfunction due to overcharging, overheating, or internal short circuit, the explosion-proof valve of the second battery cell 400 will automatically open to release the internal high-pressure gas. At this time, under pressure, the second one-way valve 206 is in a conducting state, and the high-pressure gas flows through the second one-way valve 206 into the airflow channel 201, and then through the airflow channel 201 to the pressure relief valve 108, where the high-pressure gas is released.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the battery housing disclosed in this utility model embodiment, with the first one-way valve 205 and the second one-way valve 206, allows high-pressure gas to flow in one direction. When high-pressure gas enters the airflow channel 201, it will not flow in reverse to other first battery cells 300 and second battery cells 400 through the first one-way valve 205 and the second one-way valve 206. Therefore, when one or more first battery cells 300 or second battery cells 400 fail, it will not affect other first battery cells 300 or second battery cells 400, thereby greatly reducing the safety risk caused by thermal runaway of the battery.

[0032] This utility model embodiment does not specifically limit the connection method between the first one-way valve 205 and the first pressure relief hole 2021, and between the second one-way valve 206 and the second pressure relief hole 2031. Any connection method that meets the usage requirements of this utility model is within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] In one embodiment, the first check valve 205 and the first pressure relief port 2021 disclosed in this utility model embodiment can be plugged into and fixed by a connector; correspondingly, the second check valve 206 and the second pressure relief port 2031 can also be plugged into and fixed by a connector. This structure can effectively fix the first check valve 205 and the second check valve 206, but its structure is somewhat complex and the manufacturing cost is high.

[0034] In another embodiment of this utility model, the first one-way valve 205 is welded to the inner wall of the first pressure relief hole 2021, and the second one-way valve 206 is welded to the inner wall of the second pressure relief hole 2031. Compared with the previous embodiment, this structure is not only simpler but also has higher connection strength. Therefore, the first one-way valve 205 or the second one-way valve 206 is not easily loosened under the action of high-pressure gas.

[0035] This utility model embodiment does not specifically limit the specific structure of the pressure relief component 200. Any structure that meets the usage requirements of this utility model is within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0036] As one embodiment, please refer to Figures 2-4 The pressure relief assembly disclosed in this embodiment of the present invention includes a first pressure relief plate 202 and a second pressure relief plate 203, wherein an airflow channel 201 is disposed between the first pressure relief plate 202 and the second pressure relief plate 203, a first pressure relief hole 2021 is disposed on the first pressure relief plate 202, and a second pressure relief hole 2031 is disposed on the second pressure relief plate 203.

[0037] The first pressure relief plate 202 and the second pressure relief plate 203 are welded to the inner wall of the frame 100, respectively. This arrangement can effectively improve the connection strength between the first pressure relief plate 202 and the frame 100, and between the second pressure relief plate 203 and the frame 100, and prevent the pressure relief assembly 200 from detaching from the frame 100 due to vibration, bumps, etc.

[0038] As a further embodiment, the distance between the first pressure relief plate 202 and the second pressure relief plate 203 disclosed in this utility model embodiment is 20mm-35mm. It can be understood that the distance between the first pressure relief plate 202 and the second pressure relief plate 203 can be any value among 20mm, 22mm, 25mm, 27mm, 30mm, 32mm, 33mm or 35mm. Within this range, the airflow channel 201 formed between the first pressure relief plate 202 and the second pressure relief plate 203 can achieve a better pressure relief effect.

[0039] For further embodiments, please refer to the following: Figure 3 and Figure 4The pressure relief assembly disclosed in this embodiment of the present invention further includes a partition 204, which is disposed between the first pressure relief plate 202 and the second pressure relief plate 203, and is connected to the first pressure relief plate 202 and the second pressure relief plate 203 respectively. The partition 204 not only divides the airflow channel 201 into multiple sub-airflow channels, allowing the gas to flow along a preset path and avoiding a decrease in pressure relief efficiency caused by disordered turbulence, but also enhances the overall strength of the entire pressure relief assembly 200.

[0040] As a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the first pressure relief plate 202 and the second pressure relief plate 203 disclosed in the present utility model embodiment are both rectangular structures. The structure is set in the same shape as the frame 100, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0041] In this embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple partitions 204. The partitions 204 can be arranged along the length direction of the first pressure relief plate 202 or along the width direction of the first pressure relief plate 202. Such arrangement can form multiple sub-airflow channels along the length or width direction in the airflow channel 201.

[0042] Of course, the baffle 204 can also be set along the length and width of the first pressure relief plate 202. With this setting, more sub-airflow channels with smaller areas can be formed in the airflow channel 201.

[0043] This utility model embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the partition 204. Any structure that meets the usage requirements of this utility model is within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0044] As an embodiment of the present invention, the partition 204 disclosed in the present invention extends from one end to the other end along the length direction of the first pressure relief plate 202. In this way, the partition 204 can divide the airflow channel 201 into multiple strip-shaped sub-airflow channels.

[0045] As another embodiment of the present invention, the partition 204 disclosed in the present invention extends from one end to the other end along the width direction of the first pressure relief plate 202. In this way, the partition 204 can also divide the airflow channel 201 into multiple strip structures.

[0046] As another embodiment of the present invention, the partition 204 disclosed in the present invention extends from one end to the other along the length direction of the first pressure relief plate 202, and the partition 204 extends from one end to the other along the width direction of the first pressure relief plate 202. The partition 204 can divide the airflow channel 201 into multiple strip structures or approximately square structures of smaller area sub-airflow channels.

[0047] Since the airflow entering the airflow channel 201 needs to be depressurized through the pressure relief valve 108, an airflow passage hole needs to be opened on each partition 204. After the high-pressure gas released from the first battery cell 300 or the second battery cell 400 enters the sub-airflow channel, it passes through the airflow passage hole and finally exits through the pressure relief valve 108.

[0048] As a specific embodiment of this utility model, the battery box disclosed in this embodiment includes multiple partition plates 204 arranged along the length and / or width direction of the first pressure relief plate 202, and there is a gap between adjacent partition plates 204. In this structural arrangement, the gap between two partition plates 204 can serve as an airflow hole for pressure relief, so there is no need to drill holes in the partition plates 204, making the processing and manufacturing simpler and more convenient.

[0049] This utility model embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the battery box. Any structure that meets the usage requirements of this utility model is within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0050] As a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the battery box disclosed in the present utility model embodiment includes a top plate, a bottom plate and multiple side plates, wherein the top plate, the bottom plate and the side plates form a first receiving cavity and a second receiving cavity.

[0051] Specifically, the top plate, bottom plate, and at least one side plate are made of sheet metal, while the remaining side plates are made of profiles. This design makes the battery box, formed by splicing sheet metal and profiles, lighter.

[0052] As a further embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The side panel disclosed in this embodiment of the utility model includes a first side panel 101, a second side panel 102, a third side panel 103 and a fourth side panel 104. The first side panel 101 and the third side panel 103 are arranged opposite to each other, and the second side panel 102 and the fourth side panel 104 are arranged opposite to each other. The first side panel 101 and the third side panel 103 are made of profiles, and the second side panel 102 and the fourth side panel 104 are made of profiles.

[0053] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second side plate 102 and the fourth side plate 104 disclosed in the present invention embodiment are both cuboid structures.

[0054] The second side plate 102 and the fourth side plate 104 are each provided with a plurality of partition plates 105, and a partition cavity 106 is formed between each two adjacent partition plates 105. The airflow channel 201 is connected to one of the partition cavities 106, and each partition plate 105 is provided with a gas passage hole 107.

[0055] The first pressure relief valve 108 is disposed on the second side plate 102, and the second pressure relief valve 108 is disposed on the fourth side plate 104.

[0056] With this configuration, the high-pressure gas released after the first battery cell 300 or the second battery cell 400 malfunctions will enter the isolation chamber 106 through the airflow channel 201 in sequence, and then be depressurized through the gas passage hole 107 and the pressure relief valve 108 in sequence.

[0057] This utility model embodiment also discloses a battery pack, including a battery housing as disclosed in any of the above embodiments.

[0058] Since the battery pack uses the battery housing disclosed in the present utility model embodiment, the battery pack also has the technical advantages of the battery housing disclosed in the present utility model embodiment, and the present utility model embodiment will not elaborate on these advantages further.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0060] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0061] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A battery housing, characterized in that, The device includes a frame and a pressure relief assembly. The pressure relief assembly is disposed within the frame. The frame is provided with a pressure relief valve that communicates with the pressure relief assembly. The pressure relief assembly divides the frame into a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity arranged vertically. The first accommodating cavity is used to accommodate a first battery pack, and the second accommodating cavity is used to accommodate a second battery pack. The first battery pack includes a plurality of first battery cells, and the second battery pack includes a plurality of second battery cells. The pressure relief assembly includes an airflow channel, multiple first pressure relief holes and second pressure relief holes, and the explosion-proof valve of the first battery cell is configured to correspond one-to-one with the first pressure relief hole, and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery cell is configured to correspond one-to-one with the second pressure relief hole. The first pressure relief hole is provided with a first one-way valve, the inlet end of the first one-way valve is positioned facing the first receiving cavity, and the exhaust end is positioned facing the airflow channel. The second pressure relief hole is provided with a second one-way valve, the inlet end of the second one-way valve is positioned facing the second receiving cavity, and the exhaust end is positioned facing the airflow channel.

2. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first check valve is welded to the inner wall of the first pressure relief hole, and the second check valve is welded to the inner wall of the second pressure relief hole.

3. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure relief assembly includes a first pressure relief plate and a second pressure relief plate, the airflow channel is disposed between the first pressure relief plate and the second pressure relief plate, the first pressure relief hole is disposed on the first pressure relief plate, and the second pressure relief hole is disposed on the second pressure relief plate; The first pressure relief plate and the second pressure relief plate are respectively welded to the inner wall of the frame.

4. The battery housing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the first pressure relief plate and the second pressure relief plate is 20mm-35mm.

5. The battery housing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure relief assembly also includes a partition plate, which is disposed between the first pressure relief plate and the second pressure relief plate, and is connected to the first pressure relief plate and the second pressure relief plate respectively.

6. The battery housing according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first pressure relief plate and the second pressure relief plate are rectangular structures; There are multiple partitions, and the partitions are arranged along the length direction of the first pressure relief plate, and / or The partition is arranged along the width direction of the first pressure relief plate.

7. The battery housing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The partition extends from one end to the other along the length of the first pressure relief plate, and / or, The partition extends from one end to the other along the width direction of the first pressure relief plate; Each of the partitions has an airflow passage hole.

8. The battery housing according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the partitions arranged along the length and / or width of the first pressure relief plate includes multiple partition segments, and there is a gap between two adjacent partition segments.

9. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery housing includes a top plate, a bottom plate, and multiple side plates, the top plate, the bottom plate, and the side plates forming the first accommodating cavity and the second accommodating cavity; The top plate, the bottom plate, and at least one of the side plates are made of sheet metal, while the remaining side plates are made of profiles.

10. The battery housing according to claim 9, characterized in that, The side panel includes a first side panel, a second side panel, a third side panel, and a fourth side panel, wherein the first side panel and the third side panel are disposed opposite to each other, and the second side panel and the fourth side panel are disposed opposite to each other. The first side plate and the third side plate are made of profiles, and the second side plate and the fourth side plate are made of profiles.

11. The battery housing according to claim 10, characterized in that, Both the second side plate and the fourth side plate are cuboid structures; Both the second side plate and the fourth side plate are provided with multiple partition plates, and a partition cavity is formed between each pair of adjacent partition plates. The airflow channel is connected to one of the partition cavities, and each partition plate is provided with a gas passage hole. The pressure relief valve is provided on both the second side plate and the fourth side plate.

12. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the battery housing as described in any one of claims 1-11.

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