Fishway and lock

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of hydraulic engineering facilities, concretely relates to fishway (1) and barrage, wherein the fishway includes at least partly setting in the slope section on the stilling basin (3) downstream of the water gate a plurality of sections of the return section (11) connected in turn, and the slope of each return section is less than the slope of the slope section, to form the fish migration channel that the return ground extends from the bottom end of the stilling basin to the lock chamber of the water gate, and the bottom end of the fish migration channel is provided with the fishway entrance (13), and the top end is provided with the fishway exit (14) that communicates with the lock chamber of the water gate, when using, the fish in the downstream is attracted by the water flow that flows out in the fishway and is suitable for the migration, to enter the fishway and enter the lock chamber of the stilling basin upstream against the current, because the fishway return ground extends to the lock chamber of the water gate, the form of segmented climb relieves the height difference of the stilling basin, makes the water flow speed in the fishway lower, thereby is suitable for the migration of fish, makes fish be able to pass through the stilling basin and the water gate by the fishway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering facilities, specifically to a fishway. Furthermore, it also relates to a river dam incorporating the fishway. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy projects, various engineering facilities that require damming rivers completely block their flow, allowing for artificial control and utilization of the water. However, such facilities have the drawback of obstructing fish migration routes. Fish migration is a movement involving changing habitats in a specific direction, over a certain distance, and at a certain time. As part of the fish's life cycle, if they cannot migrate through their original channels, it leads to changes in their habitats, resulting in a decrease in the number and species of local fish, and even extinction. To prevent water conservancy projects from hindering fish migration, various fish passage facilities are often built on top of these projects to mitigate their impact and allow fish to migrate normally.

[0003] Fishways are widely used in various water conservancy projects to maintain fish migration routes. A fishway is an artificial passageway that allows fish to migrate upstream through structures such as sluices and dams, or natural obstacles, enabling free migration and helping fish complete important activities in their life cycle. A fishway typically includes an inlet, a channel, an outlet, and guiding facilities. By placing the inlet downstream and the outlet upstream, fish from downstream can migrate directly upstream without being obstructed by water conservancy facilities.

[0004] Fishways function well in most cases, but they can present challenges in certain situations. Because the current created by a hydraulic engineering project is faster than the original river flow, fish cannot migrate upstream in such fast-flowing water. Therefore, fishways are typically designed along the riverbanks to prevent the turbulent downstream flow from affecting the fish within the fishway. However, when there is insufficient space on both banks of the river to construct a fishway, such as in a river valley where both banks are sheer cliffs, forcing a fishway in would significantly increase the construction cost of the hydraulic engineering project. Furthermore, for hydraulic engineering projects with significant upstream and downstream elevation differences, while lengthening the fishway can alleviate the problem of excessively fast flow caused by the elevation difference, this also increases the construction cost of the fishway.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a fishway that can overcome the problems caused by the river's environment and is also low in cost is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a low-cost fishway that can be constructed when the banks of a river are not suitable for fishway construction.

[0007] In response, the inventors overcame the technical prejudice that fishways can only be laid on both banks of a river and not in facilities such as stilling basins with rapid water flow below sluice gates. Instead, they creatively proposed that when the conditions for laying fishways on both banks of a river are not suitable, fishways can be laid in stilling basins below sluice gates where the conditions are more suitable. This allows for the low-cost laying of fishways even when the external environment is not suitable for their construction.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a fishway, which includes several sequentially connected turnaround sections on a ramp section of a stilling basin downstream of a sluice gate. The slope of each turnaround section is less than the slope of the ramp section of the stilling basin, so as to form a fish migration channel extending from the bottom of the stilling basin to the gate chamber of the sluice gate in a turnaround manner. The bottom of the fish migration channel is provided with a fishway inlet, and the top is provided with a fishway outlet communicating with the gate chamber of the sluice gate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the fishway further includes a turning point located at the connection point of two adjacent turning sections, with the two adjacent turning sections extending in opposite directions with the turning point as the endpoint, and the turning point having a water space capable of accommodating fish to rest.

[0010] In some embodiments, the fishway further includes a guide extending from the fishway inlet along the direction of water flow to guide fish into the fishway inlet.

[0011] In some embodiments, a first baffle and a second baffle are provided in the reversing section perpendicular to the water flow direction. The first baffle and the second baffle are arranged alternately along the water flow direction to form a reversing waterway in the reversing section.

[0012] In some embodiments, the fish migration channel includes at least part of pre-formed prefabricated components that can be assembled to connect with adjacent prefabricated components and / or existing components in the stilling basin.

[0013] In some embodiments, the fishway further includes a water-blocking member disposed at the end of the gate of the sluice gate along the flow direction, the water-blocking member extending perpendicular to the flow direction to limit the outlet of the gate to communicate only with the fishway outlet.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plurality of fixed piers are provided at the end of the gate along the flow direction, and water-blocking elements are provided between adjacent fixed piers to limit the outlet of the gate to communicate only with the fishway outlet.

[0015] In another aspect, this utility model also provides a river dam, which includes the aforementioned fish passage.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the fishway provided by this utility model can be set in a stilling basin, so that when the conditions on both sides of the river are not suitable for setting up a fishway, the fishway can be set in the stilling basin at low cost, and the use of the fishway is not affected by the water flow from upstream to downstream in the stilling basin.

[0017] Specifically, when using the fishway provided by this invention, fish located downstream, driven by their migratory habits, enter the stilling basin upstream from the downstream end. They are attracted by the migratory current flowing out of the fishway inlet, with a velocity suitable for migration. Following the direction of the outflow from the fishway inlet, they enter the fishway through the fishway inlet at the bottom of the stilling basin, and then swim upstream in the fishway, directly entering the upstream gate chamber. Because the fishway extends from the bottom of the stilling basin to the gate chamber of the sluice gate in a reversible manner, it alleviates the elevation difference of the stilling basin through a segmented ascent. This reduces the water flow velocity in the fishway relative to the water flow velocity in the stilling basin, making it suitable for fish migration. This allows the fish to swim upstream in the fishway, from the fishway inlet along the direction of the water flow in the fishway towards the fishway outlet, and finally enter the upstream gate chamber. The water flow velocity in the upstream lock chamber is relatively low, and fish that enter the lock chamber through the fish passage can continue to migrate upstream on their own, thus completing their migration.

[0018] Therefore, the fishway provided by this utility model can be installed in the stilling basin at low cost when the conditions for laying fishways on both banks of the river are not available, thus reducing the cost of water conservancy projects while ensuring the effectiveness of the fishway. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure at point BB; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional view at point CC; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure at point DD.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures 1. Fishway; 11. Turnaround section; 111. First partition; 112. Second partition; 12. Turnaround point; 13. Fishway entrance; 131. Guide component; 14. Fishway exit; 2. Gate; 21. Water-blocking component; 22. Fixed pier; 3. Stilling basin. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this utility model by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this utility model. This utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0023] These embodiments are provided to make the present invention thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0024] It should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar words used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the allowable error range. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the allowable error range. Words such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after it, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.

[0026] It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device.

[0027] All terms used in this invention have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0028] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification. The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem of existing technologies being unable to mass-produce wet distiller's grains.

[0029] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this utility model provides a fishway 1, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes several sequentially connected turnaround sections 11, which are at least partially located on the ramp section of the stilling basin 3 downstream of the sluice gate. The slope of each turnaround section 11 is less than the slope of the ramp section of the stilling basin 3, so as to form a fish migration channel extending from the bottom of the stilling basin 3 to the gate chamber of the sluice gate in a turnaround manner. The bottom of the fish migration channel is provided with a fish passage inlet 13, and the top is provided with a fish passage outlet 14 that communicates with the gate chamber of the sluice gate.

[0030] The stilling basin 3 includes a ramp section and a bottom plate section located at the bottom of the ramp section. The ramp section has a slope, and the bottom surface of the bottom plate section is parallel to the horizontal plane. Due to the slope of the ramp section, the water flowing into the stilling basin 3 is accelerated when passing through the ramp section, resulting in an excessively fast water flow velocity that prevents fish from migrating upstream. The fishway 1 provided by this invention is located in the ramp section of the stilling basin 3 to provide a channel with a water flow velocity lower than that in the ramp section and suitable for fish migration, allowing fish to pass through the rapidly flowing ramp section of the stilling basin 3 via the fishway 1.

[0031] The fishway inlet 13 and the fishway outlet 14 can be configured with openable and closable gates so that the fishway 1 can be closed when it is not in use to prevent it from obstructing the normal operation of the sluice gate, and opened during the fish migration season so that fish can migrate along the fishway 1 to the upstream of the sluice gate.

[0032] When using the fishway 1 provided by this utility model, the fishway inlet 13 and the fishway outlet 14 are opened. Driven by their migratory habits, fish located downstream enter the stilling pool 3 from the downstream side of the stilling pool 3. They are attracted by the water flow with a velocity suitable for migratory migration flowing out of the fishway inlet 13 in the stilling pool 3. Thus, they can follow the direction of the water flow flowing out of the fishway inlet 13, enter the fishway 1 through the fishway inlet 13 at the bottom of the stilling pool 3, and then swim upstream in the fishway 1 to directly enter the gate chamber upstream of the stilling pool 3. Because fishway 1 extends from the bottom of stilling basin 3 to the top of the lock chamber of the sluice gate in a zigzag pattern, it can alleviate the elevation difference of stilling basin 3 through segmented ascent. This results in a lower water flow velocity in fishway 1 compared to the stilling basin 3, making it suitable for fish migration. Fish can swim upstream in fishway 1, from fishway inlet 13 along the water flow direction to fishway outlet 14, and finally enter the upstream lock chamber. The water flow velocity in the upstream lock chamber is relatively low, allowing fish that have entered through fishway 1 to continue their migration upstream, thus completing the migration process.

[0033] The turning section 11 can be configured with any structure capable of reducing the water flow velocity in the turning section 11 to a speed suitable for fish migration, so that fish can migrate in the turning section 11 and then migrate to the upstream of the sluice gate through the fishway 1. The aforementioned fishway 1 structure can be any existing fishway 1 structure such as the Daniell type, the pool weir type, or the submersible type, as long as it does not conflict with the structure of the turning section 11 in this utility model, it can be applied to the turning section 11.

[0034] In some embodiments, the fishway outlet 14 corresponds to a gate 2 in a sluice gate, and the reversing section 11 extends below the gate 2 adjacent to the gate 2 where the fishway outlet 14 is located, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the height difference of the stilling basin 3 can be further alleviated by extending the length of the reversal section 11, thereby reducing the water flow velocity in the reversal section 11. When the fishway 1 is used, the gates in the adjacent gates 2 of the gate 2 are closed, thereby preventing the water flow in the adjacent gates 2 from rushing into the fishway 1 and disturbing the water flow in the fishway 1, thus hindering the normal operation of the fishway 1.

[0035] In some embodiments, the flow velocity in the turnaround section 11 is set to 0.6 m. 3 / s to 1.0m 3The slope of the turnaround section is set at 1.6% to allow fish to be attracted by the slow current and enter fishway 1 to complete their migration. The water depth in the turnaround section 11 is set at 0.5m to allow fish to pass through the turnaround section 11 smoothly.

[0036] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, backfill is provided in the gaps formed between adjacent turning sections 11 to support the channel walls of the turning section 11 and disperse the impact force of the water flow, thereby improving the service life of the fishway 1.

[0037] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the backfill height is at least equal to the channel wall of the lower of the adjacent bend sections 11, thereby preventing water flowing through the fishway from remaining in the gaps formed in the bend sections 11 during normal sluice gate discharge and forming a closed water body after the water level drops. The backfill can be made of concrete or other suitable backfill materials.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the fishway 1 also includes a turning point 12 located at the connection point of two adjacent turning sections 11. The two adjacent turning sections 11 extend in opposite directions with the turning point 12 as the endpoint. The turning point 12 has a water space that can accommodate fish to rest.

[0039] Fish continuously swim against the current during their migration, which consumes a significant amount of their energy. In existing technologies, fish encounter difficulties navigating sloping channels due to excessive channel length and rapid water flow, leading to exhaustion and hindering their upstream journey. To address this issue, existing technologies employ looped channels with multiple turns to reduce elevation differences, thereby decreasing water flow velocity and reducing resistance for migrating fish. However, reducing elevation differences through loops inevitably increases the total channel length, which is also detrimental to fish migration. Furthermore, increasing the number of loops also increases the channel's footprint, requiring more land for shoreline construction, leading to higher costs and more stringent construction requirements.

[0040] To ensure that fish can successfully migrate upstream of the sluice gate without failing to reach their destination due to exhaustion in fishway 1, the fishway 1 provided by this invention includes a turning point 12. The turning point 12 is located at the corner of two adjacent turning sections 11. The cross-sectional area of ​​the turning point 12 in the direction of water flow is larger than that of the turning section 11. Furthermore, the total flow rate remains constant as the water flows from the turning section 11 into the turning point 12. According to the continuity equation, the flow velocity is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area in the direction of water flow. Therefore, the water flow velocity at the turning point 12 must be less than the water flow velocity in the turning section 11. Meanwhile, turning point 12 includes water flowing from upstream turning section 11 to turning point 12 and water flowing from turning point 12 to downstream turning section 11. Since these two flows are in different directions, when water enters turning point 12 from upstream turning section 11, water bodies with different flow velocities and directions mix. This causes the energy of the water flowing from upstream turning section 11 into turning point 11 to be dissipated, further reducing the flow velocity into turning point 12. Therefore, turning point 12 can form a resting area for fish with lower flow velocity, allowing them to rest temporarily while passing through fishway 1.

[0041] Fish can recover their strength at the turnaround point 12 before migrating, which greatly improves the success rate of migration compared to continuously passing through the turnaround section 11. The fishway 1 provided by this utility model, by setting the turnaround section 11 and the turnaround point 12 in the stilling pool 3, not only solves the problem that fish are prone to exhaustion and fail to migrate after passing through the long distance of the fishway 1, but also solves the problem that the fishway 1 occupies too much space on the shore and is too costly.

[0042] In some embodiments, the turning point 12 in the fishway 1 is configured to have a horizontal bottom surface to reduce the flow velocity of the water in the turning point 12 and to accommodate fish to rest in the turning point 12.

[0043] By using a horizontal bottom surface, the water flow can be slowed down more when entering the fishway 1, resulting in a lower water flow speed in the low-speed area formed at the turning point 12. Fish that pause in this area consume less energy, thus achieving a higher migration success rate.

[0044] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the turning point 12 is configured to be lower than the bottom surface of the adjacent turning section 11, so as to form a larger accommodating space within the turning point 12, that is, to form a space within the turning point 12 with a depth greater than the depth of the turning section 11. The turning point 12 with the aforementioned bottom surface configuration can, on the one hand, reduce the water flow velocity by increasing the flow cross-section within the turning point 12, and on the other hand, increase the volume of water within the turning point 12 by increasing its volume, thereby enhancing the energy dissipation of the water flowing into the upstream turning section 11, further reducing the water flow velocity, and thus reducing the energy expended by fish when resting at the turning point 12.

[0045] In some embodiments, additional facilities capable of reducing water flow velocity may be provided in the turning section 11 and turning point 12 to reduce the water flow velocity in the turning section 11 and turning point 12, and to create a low-velocity water flow zone with even lower water flow velocity in the turning point 12. These facilities for reducing water flow velocity can be any facilities that can be installed in the turning section 11 and turning point 12 without obstructing fish migration, such as serrated steps with a height below the water surface, or aquatic plants that do not impede fish passage.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fishway 1 also includes a guide 131 extending from the fishway inlet 13 along the direction of water flow to guide fish into the fishway inlet 13.

[0047] By using the guide 131 arranged along the direction of water flow, it is possible to prevent the slower-moving water flow from the fishway inlet 13, which is suitable for fish migration, from mixing with the faster-moving water flow in the stilling pool 3. This results in a larger portion of the downstream water in the stilling pool 3 having a flow velocity suitable for fish migration, making it easier for fish to be attracted by the water flow from the fishway 1 and enter the fishway 1 through the fishway inlet 13 to complete their migration.

[0048] The guide 131 can be configured as any form of guide 131, such as a plate-like structure extending along the water flow direction. Those skilled in the art can adjust its extension length according to parameters such as the water flow velocity in the stilling basin.

[0049] The guide 131 can be configured to extend from the fishway inlet 13 located in the ramp section of the stilling pool 3 to the bottom plate section of the stilling pool 3, so as to guide the water flowing out of the fishway inlet 13 to the bottom plate section of the stilling pool 3, so that the fish in the bottom plate section of the stilling pool 3 can be guided by the water flow into the fishway 1 and swim back from the fishway 1 to the gate chamber.

[0050] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a first baffle 111 and a second baffle 112 are arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction in the reversing section 11. The first baffle 111 and the second baffle 112 are arranged alternately along the water flow direction to form a reversing waterway in the reversing section 11.

[0051] The staggered arrangement of the first baffles 111 and the second baffles 112 creates a reversing channel in the reversing section. The water flow in the reversing section 11 is slowed down by colliding with and changing direction through the first baffles 111 and the second baffles 112. A low-velocity area can also be formed between adjacent first baffles 111 and second baffles 112, allowing fish to rest temporarily.

[0052] Furthermore, the first partition 111 and the second partition 112 can also be configured to have arched or rounded ends, thereby improving the strength of the first partition 111 and the second partition 112.

[0053] In some embodiments, the fish migration channel includes at least part of pre-formed prefabricated components that can be assembled to connect with adjacent prefabricated components and / or existing components in the stilling basin 3.

[0054] Since fish migration is a seasonal behavior, fishway 1 typically only operates during specific seasons when fish migration occurs. If structural damage is found in fishway 1 during this time, repairs are necessary. However, the fish migration period is relatively short, thus requiring a fishway that can be rapidly constructed. Using pre-formed components, if some pre-formed components in fishway 1 malfunction, other pre-formed components can be quickly replaced, thereby rapidly repairing damaged fishway 1 and avoiding the time-consuming on-site cement pouring required for construction.

[0055] Meanwhile, for sluice gates and stilling basins 3 where fish passage facilities cannot be installed, when the fishway 1 provided by this utility model is planned to be installed in the stilling basin 3, the sluice gate is usually already in operation. In this case, to install the fishway 1, the sluice gate usually needs to shut down at least some of its functions. By using a fishway 1 with prefabricated components, the fishway 1 can be formed more quickly, thereby shortening the construction time of the fishway 1 and allowing the sluice gate to be put into use more quickly.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fishway 1 also includes a water-blocking member 21 located at the end of the gate 2 of the sluice gate along the flow direction. The water-blocking member 21 extends perpendicular to the flow direction so as to limit the outlet of the corresponding gate 2 near the riverbank to communicate only with the fishway outlet 14.

[0057] When fish pass through fishway 1 and enter the gate, although the slope at gate 2 is gentler than that in stilling pool 3, the water flow still has a certain speed. Fish that have just swum out of fishway outlet 14 may be carried by the water flow at gate 2 and swept into the downstream stilling pool 3, thus requiring them to re-enter fishway 1 for migration.

[0058] To prevent the aforementioned situation, the fishway 1 provided by this utility model has a water-blocking component 21 installed at the end of the gate 2, so that the water flowing out of the gate 2 flows out completely through the outlet portion not blocked by the water-blocking component 21. Furthermore, the outlet is limited to communicating only with the fishway outlet 14, so that the water flowing out of the gate 2 enters the fishway 1 entirely through the fishway outlet 14. With the above configuration, even if fish are swept away by the water flow after entering the gate 2, they will be swept into the fishway 1 or onto the water-blocking component 21, and will not be swept into the dead zone area between the fishway 1 and the gate 2 or into the stilling basin 3, allowing the fish to continue swimming upstream after resting.

[0059] It is understood that the water-blocking component 21 can be any component that can block the water flow in the gate 2 and limit the outflow direction of the water flow in the gate 2, such as a metal plate arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction.

[0060] In some embodiments, the water-retaining component 21 can be configured as a low wall formed by concrete pouring, with a height higher than the normal water level, to obtain sufficient structural strength to withstand the impact of water flow without deformation. Furthermore, when the water level of the river where the sluice gate is installed is higher than the normal water level, and the sluice gate needs to release floodwater, the water will directly overflow the water-retaining component 21 and flow into the stilling basin 3, thereby avoiding the situation where the water-retaining component 21 is too high and cannot be removed when flood discharge is required, thus preventing obstruction of flood discharge.

[0061] In some embodiments, the water-blocking member 21 can be configured as a retractable folding plate structure and connected to a remotely controllable drive mechanism, so that when water blocking is not required, such as when the fishway 1 is not operating or when flood discharge is needed, the water-blocking member 21 can be retracted, thereby increasing the outlet area of ​​the gate 2 and enabling normal drainage. The water-blocking member 21 can also be configured as a gate that can be driven to rise and fall vertically, thereby switching between water-blocking and non-water-blocking states.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple fixed piers 22 are provided at the end of the gate 2 along the flow direction, and water-blocking components 21 are provided between adjacent fixed piers 22 to limit the outlet of the gate 2 to only communicate with the fish passage outlet 14.

[0063] By setting multiple fixed piers 22 and water-blocking components 21 between the fixed piers 22, the load of water flow impact can be distributed to multiple water-blocking components 21. Therefore, this setup has stronger impact resistance than a single water-blocking component 21, and is less likely to be damaged when facing water flow impact. Moreover, if damaged, the water-blocking function can be repaired by replacing a single damaged water-blocking component 21, without the need for a complete replacement.

[0064] This utility model also provides a river dam, such as... Figures 1 to 2As shown, it includes the aforementioned fishway 1.

[0065] The dam includes multiple gates 2, with a stilling basin 3 downstream of each gate 2. Water flows through the gates 2 into the stilling basin 3, where it is slowed to a predetermined velocity. At least one gate 2 has a fishway 1 downstream of it in the stilling basin 3. The fishway inlet 13 is located at the bottom of the stilling basin 3, and the fishway outlet 14 extends into the gate chamber of the gate 2. This allows water from the gate 2 to flow into the fishway 1 through the fishway outlet 14 and be slowed to a velocity suitable for fish migration, enabling fish to migrate to the top of the dam. A water-blocking component 21 is also installed at the gate where the fishway 1 is located. This component 21 ensures that the outlet of the gate 2 faces the fishway outlet 14, preventing fish swimming out of the fishway 1 from being swept back into the stilling basin 3.

[0066] When fishway 1 is needed, the gate in front of the gate 2 where fishway 1 is installed in the dam is adjusted to limit the speed of the water flowing out of the gate 2, so that the speed of the water flowing into the fishway outlet 14 is a predetermined value. This allows the decelerated water flow through fishway 1 to meet the water flow speed required for fish migration, thus enabling fishway 1 to work normally and attracting fish to migrate through fishway 1 to the upstream of the dam to complete their migration.

[0067] In some embodiments, the above-described embodiments provided by this utility model are arranged in the stilling basin 3 downstream of the sluice gate using the following fishway arrangement method, which includes the following steps: S1: Locate the route of fishway 1 within stilling basin 3; S2: A turnaround section 11 is formed along the route to create a fish migration channel extending from the bottom of the stilling basin 3 to the lock chamber of the sluice gate; S3: A fishway inlet 13 and a fishway outlet 14 are formed at the bottom and top of the fishway 1, respectively.

[0068] In step S1 above, the specific parameters of the fishway 1 are first determined based on parameters such as the slope, water flow velocity, and flow rate of the stilling basin 3, especially the width, length, slope, and number of the turnaround sections 11. After the calculation is completed, the gate 2 corresponding to the fishway 1 is selected according to the above parameters, and the fishway 1 is positioned using a positioning device. The positioning device can be a positioning stake or any positioning device used in construction.

[0069] In step S2 above, construction begins along the route positioned in step S1, forming interconnected turnaround sections 11. These turnaround sections 11 have a predetermined width, length, and slope, thereby slowing the water flow into them to a speed suitable for fish migration.

[0070] In step S3 above, a fishway inlet 13 and a fishway outlet 14 are respectively provided at the bottom and top of the fishway 1, so that the fishway inlet 13 can be located downstream of the stilling pool 3 and the fishway outlet 14 can be located upstream of the stilling pool 3.

[0071] In some embodiments, in order to arrange a fishway 1 in the stilling basin 3 downstream of a sluice gate that is already in use, step S1 of the above-described fishway arrangement method further includes step S1.1: using a barrier to define a space in the stilling basin 3 where the fishway 1 can be arranged. The barrier is set to any barrier capable of blocking water flow into the space where the fishway 1 is arranged. The barrier prevents water flow from entering the space, thus enabling the fishway 1 to be arranged in the stilling basin 3 without stopping the sluice gate's operation.

[0072] In some embodiments, step S2 of the fishway arrangement method further includes the following step: S2.1a: Arrange the molds in advance in the stilling basin 3 according to the route; S2.2a: Reinforced concrete is poured on-site in sequence in the formwork to form the structure of the turnback section 11.

[0073] The molds in steps S2.1a and S2.2a above can be any mold capable of holding and pouring concrete, so that the reinforced concrete can be formed into the structure of the turnaround section 11. By pre-arranging the molds and pouring reinforced concrete into the molds, the turnaround sections 11 made of reinforced concrete can be formed, and the fishway 1 can be formed through these turnaround sections 11. The reinforced concrete material has the characteristics of high strength, which can form a durable fishway 1 that is resistant to water flow impact.

[0074] In some embodiments, step S2 further includes the following steps: S2.1b: Arrange the pre-formed components sequentially in the stilling basin 3 according to the route; S2.2b: Connect multiple prefabricated components in sequence to form the structure of the turnback section 11.

[0075] The prefabricated components in steps S2.1b and S2.2b above can be made of any material suitable for forming the channel wall of the turnaround section 11, forming at least a portion of the shape of the channel wall of the turnaround section 11, and can be connected after multiple prefabricated components are joined together. By using prefabricated components, the large amount of time required by conventional construction methods such as concrete pouring can be avoided. For sluice gates already in use, the time taken to form the fishway 1 determines the time the sluice gate is out of service, and forming the fishway 1 using prefabricated components can greatly reduce the time taken to form the fishway 1.

[0076] In step S2.2b, multiple prefabricated components can be connected in any way, for example, using prefabricated components with connecting parts to be able to connect to each other, and connecting the prefabricated components through the connecting parts thereon.

[0077] Through the above-described arrangement method, a fishway extending from the stilling basin 3 to the lock chamber of the sluice gate can be arranged in the ramp section of the stilling basin 3. This allows the fishway 1 to be arranged in the stilling basin 3 below the sluice gate even when conditions on the bank are not suitable, thus saving costs by conserving construction land. Furthermore, this fishway arrangement method is applicable to the stilling basin 3, and therefore suitable for any sluice gate with a stilling basin 3 at the bottom, solving the problem that fishways 1 cannot be arranged in such sluice gates. Therefore, the arrangement method provided by this utility model has a wide range of applications. The various embodiments of this utility model have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of the invention, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art will fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.

[0078] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any manner.

Claims

1. A fishway (1), characterized in that, The system includes several sequentially connected turnaround sections (11) on the ramp section of the stilling basin (3) downstream of the sluice gate, with the slope of each turnaround section (11) being less than the slope of the ramp section of the stilling basin (3) to form a fish migration channel extending from the bottom of the stilling basin (3) to the gate chamber of the sluice gate. The fish migration channel has a fish passage entrance (13) at the bottom and a fish passage exit (14) communicating with the gate chamber of the sluice gate at the top.

2. The fishway (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a turning point (12) set at the connection position of two adjacent turning sections (11), with the two adjacent turning sections (11) extending in opposite directions with the turning point (12) as the endpoint, and the turning point (12) is provided with a water space that can accommodate fish to rest.

3. The fishway (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that The turning point (12) is configured to have a horizontal bottom surface to reduce the flow velocity of the water in the turning point (12) and to accommodate fish to rest in the turning point (12).

4. The fishway (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that The bottom surface of the turning point (12) is set to be lower than the bottom surface of the adjacent turning segment (11) so as to form a space within the turning point (12) with a depth greater than the depth of the turning segment (11).

5. The fishway (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a guide (131) extending along the direction of water flow from the fishway inlet (13) to guide fish into the fishway inlet (13).

6. The fishway (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The turning section (11) is provided with a first baffle (111) and a second baffle (112) perpendicular to the water flow direction. The first baffle (111) and the second baffle (112) are arranged alternately along the water flow direction to form a turning waterway in the turning section (11).

7. The fishway (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The fish migration channel includes at least part of pre-formed prefabricated components that can be assembled to connect with adjacent prefabricated components and / or other parts of the stilling basin (3).

8. The fishway (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes a water-blocking member (21) disposed at the end of the gate (2) of the sluice gate along the flow direction, the water-blocking member (21) extending perpendicular to the flow direction so as to limit the outlet of the corresponding gate (2) to communicate only with the fishway outlet (14).

9. The fishway (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gate (2) is provided with a plurality of fixed piers (22) at the end along the flow direction, and the water-blocking member (21) is provided between adjacent fixed piers (22) to limit the outlet of the gate (2) to only communicate with the fish passage outlet (14).

10. A barrage, characterised in that Includes the fishway (1) as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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