A femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical instrument technical field, concretely relates to a femoral intramedullary nail fixing structure, including the nail rod and with the far end nail of nail hole plug -in of being located at the bottom end of nail rod, the femoral intramedullary nail fixing structure still includes: the far end positioning part that is located at the nail hole, the far end positioning part is used for the fixed far end nail, the far end positioning part includes: the tiger tooth ring fixed in the nail hole, and the elastic card fixed connection of being located at the several arc teeth groove of tiger tooth ring is connected with. The utility model discloses through the cooperation of far end positioning part and far end nail, makes tiger tooth ring in the nail hole and forms multiple nail into holes in parallel, expands the nail into range of far end nail, improves the cooperation accuracy of far end nail and nail hole, effectively avoids the emergence of the emergence of misplacement problem, and through the intercoordination of elastic card and card slot, avoids the emergence of the eccentric movement between far end nail and nail rod, improves the fixed effect of far end nail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure. Background Technology

[0002] Intramedullary nailing is the preferred treatment for bone fractures. It typically consists of a main nail, lag screws, locking screws, and a cap. It offers advantages such as minimal invasiveness, high strength, and dynamic fixation. However, during distal implantation of existing intramedullary nails, the inability to visually locate the distal end of the main nail can lead to misalignment of the locking screw and screw holes, affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of fracture surgery.

[0003] Existing patent application number 202320603928.3 discloses a femoral intramedullary nail. This device achieves an interlocking effect after implantation through the mutual contact of the cannula and the proximal locking screw, effectively preventing the problem of automatic screw retraction under the influence of external factors. In the above-mentioned prior art, when the device is implanted into the medullary cavity and the distal end of the main nail is fixed with the distal locking screw, the aforementioned technical problem still exists. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to propose a femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure to solve the problem of misalignment of locking screws and screw holes due to the inability to visually inspect the distal end of the main nail.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure, including a nail rod and a distal nail that is inserted into a nail hole located at the bottom end of the nail rod. The femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure further includes:

[0006] A distal positioning part is provided in the nail hole, and the distal positioning part is used to limit and fix the distal nail.

[0007] The remote positioning unit includes:

[0008] The tiger tooth ring is fixed inside the nail hole.

[0009] An elastic card is fixedly connected to several arc-shaped grooves on the tiger tooth ring, and the outside of the distal nail is provided with a slot corresponding to the elastic card.

[0010] Preferably, the femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure further includes:

[0011] The nail head is fixed to the top of the nail rod.

[0012] A tension nail that is inserted into an oblique hole on the nail head.

[0013] An end cap that is threadedly connected to a mating screw hole on the upper surface of the nail head.

[0014] A fixing part is provided between the end cap and the nail head, and the fixing part is used to limit and fix the end cap.

[0015] Preferably, the fixing part includes:

[0016] A crossbar that is fitted with at least one pry groove on the upper surface of the end cap.

[0017] The positioning pin has one end passing through a positioning hole located between the pry groove and the bottom of the end cap, and the other end of the positioning pin is interference-fitted with a fixing hole located on the upper surface of the nail head.

[0018] Preferably, the femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure further includes:

[0019] A limiting part is provided between the oblique hole and the tension nail, and the limiting part is used to limit and fix the tension nail.

[0020] Preferably, the limiting part includes:

[0021] The insertion rod is slidably connected to the limiting hole on the upper surface of the inner wall of the inclined hole, and the outer wall of the tension nail is provided with a crescent groove corresponding to the insertion rod.

[0022] A limiting ring fixed at the middle of the insertion rod.

[0023] A compression spring that slides onto the top of the outer part of the insert.

[0024] Preferably, the top end of the limiting hole is connected to the interior of the mating screw hole, the inner diameter of the lower half of the limiting hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the limiting ring, and the inner diameter of the upper half of the limiting hole is larger than the outer diameter of the limiting ring.

[0025] Preferably, the two ends of the compression spring abut against the upper surface of the limiting ring and the lower surface of the end cap, respectively.

[0026] Preferably, the axis of the tension nail is inclined to intersect the axis of the nail head, and the distal end of the tension nail is far from the end cap.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0028] This invention utilizes the combined use of the distal positioning part and the distal nail to create multiple parallel insertion holes within the nail hole of the tiger tooth ring, expanding the insertion range of the distal nail. This allows the distal nail to be driven into any insertion hole within a certain range, improving the fitting accuracy between the distal nail and the nail hole and effectively preventing misalignment. Furthermore, the interaction between the elastic clip and the slot prevents offset between the distal nail and the nail rod, enhancing the fixation effect of the distal nail. The combined use of the limiting part and the fixing part provides secondary fixation of the tension nail through insertion and limiting, preventing loosening or nail retraction after implantation. In subsequent removal operations, if the limiting part becomes stuck, the locking of the tension nail can be released by disassembling the fixing part, facilitating its removal. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional illustration of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional illustration of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional illustration of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of part B.

[0035] The diagram is marked as follows:

[0036] 1. Nail rod; 2. Nail hole; 3. Distal nail; 4. Nail head; 5. Angled hole; 6. Pull nail; 7. Butt screw hole; 8. End cap; 9. Fixing part; 91. Pry groove; 92. Crossbar; 93. Positioning pin; 94. Positioning hole; 95. Fixing hole; 10. Limiting part; 101. Limiting hole; 102. Insert rod; 103. Limiting ring; 104. Compression spring; 105. Crescent groove; 11. Distal positioning part; 111. Tiger tooth ring; 112. Elastic clip; 113. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0038] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this utility model should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this utility model do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, a femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure includes a nail rod 1 and a distal nail 3 that is inserted into a nail hole 2 located at the bottom end of the nail rod 1. The femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure further includes:

[0040] The distal positioning part 11 is provided in the nail hole 2. The length of the nail hole 2 is many times the diameter of the distal nail 3. The distal positioning part 11 is used to limit and fix the distal nail 3.

[0041] The remote positioning unit 11 includes:

[0042] The tiger tooth ring 111 is fixed in the nail hole 2.

[0043] The elastic card 112 is fixedly connected to several arc-shaped grooves on the tiger tooth ring 111, and the outer side of the distal nail 3 is provided with a slot 113 corresponding to the elastic card 112.

[0044] The inner wall of the canine ring 111 has several parallel arc-shaped grooves on both sides, thus forming multiple parallel nailing holes within the canine ring 111. The width of any nailing hole corresponding to the position on the nail hole 2 is greater than the diameter of the distal nail 3, and they are evenly distributed in the nail hole 2 along the axis of the nail rod 1. During the nailing operation of the distal nail 3, the distal nail 3 can be nailed into the bone within the approximate range corresponding to the nail hole 2. This ensures that even if the distal nail 3 is misaligned with the center of the nail hole 2, it can still be nailed into any nailing hole, avoiding the need for secondary calibration drilling and nailing operations, and improving the efficiency of fracture surgery.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure also includes:

[0046] The nail head 4 is fixed to the top of the nail rod 1.

[0047] The tension nail 6 is inserted into the oblique hole 5 on the nail head 4. One end face of the tension nail 6 is provided with a wedge-shaped groove. The internal shape of the wedge-shaped groove is a right triangle. When the tension nail 6 is driven into the oblique hole 5, it is driven into the oblique hole 5 from the bottom end of the oblique hole 5 upwards. This strengthens the stability of the nail rod 1 by increasing the mutual stress between the tension nail 6, the nail head 4 and the bone.

[0048] The end cap 8 is threadedly connected to the mating screw hole 7 located on the upper surface of the nail head 4.

[0049] A fixing part 9 is provided between the end cap 8 and the nail head 4. The fixing part 9 is used to limit and fix the end cap 8.

[0050] Intramedullary nailing structures for femoral bone marrow also include:

[0051] A limiting part 10 is provided between the inclined hole 5 and the tension nail 6. The limiting part 10 is used to limit and fix the tension nail 6. The axis of the tension nail 6 is inclined to intersect the axis of the nail head 4, and the far end of the tension nail 6 is far away from the end cap 8.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the fixing part 9 includes:

[0053] A crossbar 92 that engages with at least one pry groove 91 located on the upper surface of the end cap 8.

[0054] The positioning pin 93 has one end passing through the positioning hole 94 located between the pry groove 91 and the bottom of the end cap 8, and the other end of the positioning pin 93 is interference-fitted with the fixing hole 95 located on the upper surface of the nail head 4.

[0055] The end cap 8 and the nail head 4 can be initially fixed by a threaded connection. Then, a positioning pin 93 is used to penetrate the inside of the end cap 8 and make an interference fit with the nail head 4 to achieve a secondary fixation between the end cap 8 and the nail head 4, thereby further improving the fixing effect between the end cap 8 and the nail head 4.

[0056] like Figure 3 As shown, the limiting part 10 includes:

[0057] The insertion rod 102 is slidably connected to the limiting hole 101 on the upper surface of the inner wall of the inclined hole 5. The bottom end of the insertion rod 102 is an arc surface. The outer wall of the tension nail 6 is provided with a crescent groove 105 corresponding to the insertion rod 102. The crescent groove 105 is aligned with the right angle of the wedge groove along the axial direction of the tension nail 6. When the right angle of the wedge groove is facing upward, the opening direction of the crescent groove 105 is consistent with the right angle direction of the wedge groove.

[0058] A limiting ring 103 is fixed at the middle of the insertion rod 102.

[0059] A compression spring 104 is slidably fitted onto the top of the outer part of the insert 102.

[0060] When removing the tension nail 6 later, a flathead screwdriver can be inserted into the wedge groove and rotated 90° to 180°. This will cause the bottom end of the insertion rod 102 to retract into the limiting hole 101 under the pressure of the inner wall of the crescent groove 105, thereby releasing the limiting and fixing effect of the insertion rod 102 on the tension nail 6, making it easier for the doctor to pull out the tension nail 6.

[0061] If the tension nail 6 becomes stuck in the oblique hole 5 and is difficult to pull out, an emergency solution can be used. With the assistance of a pry bar, one end of the pry bar can be inserted between the bottom of the crossbar 92 and the pry groove 91, and the outer wall of the pry bar can be pressed against the inner wall of the pry groove 91 to pry out the positioning pin 93. Then, the end cap 8 can be unscrewed to remove the compression spring 104 and the insertion rod 102, thereby releasing the limiting and fixing effect of the insertion rod 102 on the tension nail 6, so that the tension nail 6 can be pulled out smoothly.

[0062] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the top of the limiting hole 101 is connected to the interior of the mating screw hole 7. The inner diameter of the lower half of the limiting hole 101 is smaller than the outer diameter of the limiting ring 103, and the inner diameter of the upper half of the limiting hole 101 is larger than the outer diameter of the limiting ring 103.

[0063] This design allows the limiting ring 103 to prevent the insertion rod 102 from disengaging downwards from the limiting hole 101. Simultaneously, when the bottom end of the insertion rod 102 is inserted into the middle of the crescent groove 105, the lower surface of the limiting ring 103 will abut against the junction of the upper and lower halves of the inner wall of the limiting hole 101, thereby achieving a certain sealing effect and preventing human secretions from entering the limiting hole 101 and affecting the normal use of the compression spring 104 or the insertion rod 102.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the two ends of the compression spring 104 abut against the upper surface of the limiting ring 103 and the lower surface of the end cap 8, respectively, so as to push the insertion rod 102 downward, so that the lower surface of the limiting ring 103 can abut tightly against the junction of the upper and lower half of the inner wall of the limiting hole 101, improving the sealing performance at this point. It also facilitates the removal of the insertion rod 102 by removing the end cap 8 when the pull nail 6 is difficult to remove, providing an alternative disassembly solution so that the pull nail 6 can be smoothly pulled out.

[0065] Working principle: When installing the limiting part 10 and the fixing part 9, first insert the insertion rod 102 into the limiting hole 101, then sleeve the compression spring 104 on the upper half of the insertion rod 102, then thread the end cap 8 into the mating screw hole 7, and press one end of the compression spring 104 into the limiting hole 101. Then, insert one end of the positioning pin 93 into the positioning hole 94 through the pry groove 91 until the bottom end of the positioning pin 93 is inserted into the fixing hole 95. Then, hammer the crossbar 92 to make the bottom end of the positioning pin 93 fully inserted into the fixing hole 95. This ensures that the bottom end of the positioning pin 93 is press-fitted with the fixing hole 95 until the crossbar 92 is completely inside the pry groove 91. At this point, the fixed connection between the end cap 8 and the nail head 4 is complete. Then, the nail shank 1 is inserted into the pre-drilled through hole on the bone end until the upper surface of the end cap 8 is flush with the surface of the bone. At this point, according to the position of the oblique hole 5, an installation hole for the tension nail 6 can be made obliquely upward on the side wall of the bone to facilitate the insertion of the tension nail 6 from the bottom end of the oblique hole 5 towards the opening direction of the installation hole. During the insertion of the tension nail 6... The bottom end of the insertion rod 102 retracts into the limiting hole 101 under the pressure of the outer wall of the tension nail 6, until the inner wall of the wedge-shaped groove on the end face of the tension nail 6 is flush with the bone surface. At this time, a flathead screwdriver can be inserted into the wedge-shaped groove, and the tension nail 6 can be rotated synchronously by turning the flathead screw until the right angle of the wedge-shaped groove faces upward. At this time, the crescent groove 105 on the surface of the tension nail 6 is aligned with the bottom end of the insertion rod 102. The insertion rod 102 is inserted into the crescent groove 105 under the elastic force of the compression spring 104, thus securing the tension nail 6. The middle section is fixed in the oblique hole 5 to prevent the tension nail 6 from loosening or coming out. Then, a hole is made on the bone surface in the area corresponding to the nail hole 2 at the bottom of the nail rod 1. The distal nail 3 can then be driven in. After the distal nail 3 is driven in, it can be inserted into any set of arc-shaped grooves in the canine ring 111 until the elastic card 112 is engaged in the slot 113. When the elastic card 112 is engaged in the slot 113, it will make a crisp click sound, which makes it easy for the doctor to identify whether the two are engaged. The implantation and fixation of the intramedullary nail can then be completed.

[0066] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in the details for the sake of brevity.

[0067] This utility model is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure, comprising a nail rod (1) and a distal nail (3) inserted into a nail hole (2) located at the bottom end of the nail rod (1), characterized in that, The intramedullary nail fixation structure for the femoral bone marrow also includes: A distal positioning part (11) is provided in the nail hole (2), and the distal positioning part (11) is used to limit and fix the distal nail (3); The remote positioning unit (11) includes: The tiger tooth ring (111) is fixed in the nail hole (2); An elastic card (112) is fixedly connected to a plurality of arc-shaped grooves on the tiger tooth ring (111), and the outside of the distal nail (3) is provided with a slot (113) corresponding to the elastic card (112).

2. The femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intramedullary nail fixation structure for the femoral bone marrow also includes: The nail head (4) is fixed to the top of the nail rod (1); A tension nail (6) that is inserted into an oblique hole (5) provided on the nail head (4); An end cap (8) is threadedly connected to a mating screw hole (7) on the upper surface of the nail head (4); A fixing part (9) is provided between the end cap (8) and the nail head (4), and the fixing part (9) is used to limit and fix the end cap (8).

3. The femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixing part (9) includes: A crossbar (92) that is fitted with at least one pry groove (91) on the upper surface of the end cap (8); The positioning pin (93) has one end passing through the positioning hole (94) between the bottom of the pry groove (91) and the end cap (8), and the other end of the positioning pin (93) is interference-fitted with the fixing hole (95) on the upper surface of the nail head (4).

4. The femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intramedullary nail fixation structure for the femoral bone marrow also includes: A limiting part (10) is provided between the oblique hole (5) and the tension nail (6), and the limiting part (10) is used to limit and fix the tension nail (6).

5. The femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting part (10) includes: The insertion rod (102) is slidably connected to the limiting hole (101) on the upper surface of the inner wall of the inclined hole (5), and the outer wall of the tension nail (6) is provided with a crescent groove (105) corresponding to the insertion rod (102); A limiting ring (103) is fixed at the middle of the insertion rod (102); A compression spring (104) is slidably fitted onto the top of the outer part of the insert (102).

6. The femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the limiting hole (101) is connected to the interior of the mating screw hole (7). The inner diameter of the lower half of the limiting hole (101) is smaller than the outer diameter of the limiting ring (103), and the inner diameter of the upper half of the limiting hole (101) is larger than the outer diameter of the limiting ring (103).

7. The femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two ends of the compression spring (104) abut against the upper surface of the limiting ring (103) and the lower surface of the end cap (8), respectively.

8. The femoral intramedullary nail fixation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axis of the tension nail (6) is inclined to intersect the axis of the nail head (4), and the distal end of the tension nail (6) is far away from the end cap (8).

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