Electromagnetic actuator and its brake parking mechanism

Abstract

The application relates to an electromagnetic actuator and a brake parking mechanism thereof. The electromagnetic actuator comprises a shell, a coil assembly, a push rod, a first moving iron and a second moving iron. The shell has oppositely arranged first and second end faces. The coil assembly is arranged in the shell, and an accommodating channel is arranged in the inside of the coil assembly. The push rod is movably arranged in the accommodating channel, and one end of the push rod penetrates the first end face along the length direction of the push rod. The first moving iron is movably arranged in the accommodating channel and located on one side of the second end face of the shell. The first moving iron is connected with the other end of the push rod, and the first moving iron is configured to be moved to the side close to the first end face under the energized state of the coil assembly and drive the push rod to move under the electromagnetic force. The second moving iron is movably arranged in the accommodating channel and located between the first moving iron and the first end face. The first elastic member has one end connected with the push rod or the first moving iron and the other end connected with the second moving iron, and is configured to push the push rod or the first moving iron to move to the side away from the first end face.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle chassis brake-by-wire, in particular to an electromagnetic actuator and a brake parking mechanism thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of automobile braking technology, electro-mechanical brake (EMB) as an advanced brake system is gradually receiving widespread attention and application. With the continuous development of automobile technology, electro-mechanical brake presents a trend of miniaturization to meet the demand of compact wheel space of vehicles.

[0003] In the electromagnetic actuator in the related art, a single-stage moving iron structure is generally used. However, this single-stage moving iron structure has certain defects. Since its moving stroke is relatively long, it will cause a large noise during the operation of the electromagnetic actuator, affecting the quietness of the vehicle environment and the comfort of the driver and passengers. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] Therefore, an electromagnetic actuator and a brake parking mechanism thereof are provided to optimize the moving stroke of the moving iron and effectively improve the performance of the electromagnetic actuator.

[0005] An electromagnetic actuator comprises:

[0006] a housing having a first end face and a second end face arranged oppositely;

[0007] a coil assembly arranged in the housing, wherein an accommodation channel is arranged in the interior of the coil assembly;

[0008] a push rod movably arranged in the accommodation channel, and one end of the push rod penetrates the first end face along the length direction thereof;

[0009] a first moving iron movably arranged in the accommodation channel and located on one side of the second end face of the housing; wherein the first moving iron is connected with the other end of the push rod, and the first moving iron is configured to move towards the side close to the first end face under the energized state of the coil assembly and drive the push rod to move;

[0010] a second moving iron movably arranged in the accommodation channel and located between the first moving iron and the first end face;

[0011] and a first elastic member having one end connected with the push rod or the first moving iron and the other end connected with the second moving iron, and being configured to push the push rod or the first moving iron to move away from the first end face.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the electromagnetic actuator further comprises a second elastic member, which is arranged between the second moving iron and the first end face, and is configured to push the second moving iron to move away from the first end face, and the second moving iron is configured to move towards the first end face under the electromagnetic force when the coil assembly is energized.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the first end face of the housing is provided with a first annular groove, which is configured to accommodate part of the structure of the second elastic member; and / or,

[0014] The radially inner wall of the second moving iron is provided with a first groove, which is configured to accommodate at least part of the structure of the second elastic member; wherein the first groove has a first step surface facing the first end face and connected with the second elastic member.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the first elastic member is sleeved on the push rod, and is located on the side of the push rod away from the first end face.

[0016] One end of the first elastic member is connected with the push rod or abuts against the first moving iron, and the other end abuts against the second moving iron.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the push rod connected with one end of the first elastic member is provided with a stop platform, one end of the first elastic member abuts against the first moving iron, and the other end abuts against the stop platform.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, the second moving iron is provided with a second groove.

[0019] The first elastic member is sleeved on the push rod, and at least part of the structure of the first elastic member extends into the second groove; wherein the second groove has a second step surface facing the second end face and connected with the first elastic member.

[0020] In one of the embodiments, the first moving iron is fixedly connected with one end of the push rod close to the second end face.

[0021] In one of the embodiments, the first moving iron is provided with a first channel, and the push rod is movably arranged in the first channel.

[0022] A brake parking mechanism, comprising a body, a locking mechanism and an electromagnetic actuator as described above, wherein the locking mechanism and the electromagnetic actuator are arranged in the body.

[0023] The locking mechanism comprises a first locking part and a second locking part, both of which are rotatably arranged on the body;

[0024] The first locking part is configured to be clamped with the second locking part in the extended or retracted state of the push rod of the electromagnetic actuator.

[0025] In one embodiment, the second locking part comprises a locking ratchet;

[0026] The first locking part comprises a locking pawl and an elastic return member, the locking pawl is rotatably arranged on the body, and the elastic return member is connected with the body and the locking pawl respectively;

[0027] The locking pawl is configured to be clamped with the locking ratchet in the extended state of the push rod, and the elastic return member is deformed;

[0028] The locking ratchet is configured to rotate around the axis to release the locking pawl in the retracted state of the push rod; the elastic return member is configured to push the locking pawl to rotate, so that the locking pawl is separated from the locking ratchet.

[0029] The electromagnetic actuator and the brake parking mechanism thereof, the electromagnetic actuator adopts the structure that the first moving iron and the second moving iron are arranged along the length direction of the push rod, which constitutes a double-stage moving iron structure, and under the cooperation of the first elastic member, the long stroke movement is dispersed into relatively short stroke movement of the first moving iron and the second moving iron. Due to the shortening of the moving stroke of each moving iron, the vibration generated by the collision and friction with the surrounding parts in the moving process is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the noise during work, and creating a more quiet and comfortable environment in the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the brake parking mechanism in one exemplary embodiment.

[0031] Figure 2 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the electromagnetic actuator in one exemplary embodiment.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the brake parking mechanism in one exemplary embodiment.

[0033] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 It is a A-A cross-sectional schematic diagram in one exemplary embodiment.

[0034] Figure 5 It is Figure 3 It is a A-A cross-sectional schematic diagram in one exemplary embodiment.

[0035] Figure 6 For Figure 3 A-A cross-sectional view of one exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.

[0036] Figure 7 For Figure 3 A-A cross-sectional view of one exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.

[0037] Reference signs:

[0038] 1, housing; 11, accommodating space; 12, first end cover; 121, first end face; 1211, first annular groove; 13, barrel; 131, avoiding opening; 14, second end cover; 141, second end face; 142, through hole; 2, coil assembly; 21, accommodating channel; 3, push rod; 31, stop table; 4, first moving iron; 41, first channel; 5, second moving iron; 51, first recess; 511, first step surface; 52, second recess; 521, second step surface; 6, first elastic member; 7, second elastic member; 8, guide sleeve; 81, guide groove; 9, locking mechanism; 91, first locking part; 911, locking pawl; 912, elastic reset member; 9121, tension spring; 91211, hook; 9122, second shaft body; 91221, baffle; 9123, third shaft body; 913, first shaft body; 92, second locking part; 921, locking ratchet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be practiced in a number of different ways beyond the specific embodiments described and it is therefore contemplated to cover all such modifications as fall within the scope of the application. It is to be understood that the description of the present application is meant to be illustrative only and not limiting as to the scope of the application.

[0040] In the description of the present application, if there are terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0041] In addition, if there are terms such as "first", "second", these terms are only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included at least one feature. In the description of the present application, if the term "multiple" appears, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0042] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like appear, these terms should be broadly understood. For example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, if the first feature is described as "on" or "below" the second feature and the like, it can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature can be the first feature directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is higher than the second feature in horizontal height. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature can be the first feature directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the first feature is lower than the second feature in horizontal height.

[0044] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on another element or there can be a middle element. If an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to another element or there can be a middle element. If present, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in the present application are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation.

[0045] In the related art, the electromagnetic actuator generally adopts a single-stage moving iron structure. This single-stage moving iron structure has some prominent defects in practical application, mainly in the following two aspects:

[0046] On the one hand, to ensure that a single moving iron can complete the specified stroke, a relatively long spring is required to reset the moving iron. However, a long spring generates a large spring force during its compression and extension. Once the coil of the electromagnetic actuator is energized, the electromagnetic force causes the moving iron to move, and this large spring force must be overcome. This necessitates a higher electromagnetic force output capability for the electromagnetic actuator, which implicitly increases the design difficulty and manufacturing cost of the electromagnetic actuator, and also places higher demands on the power supply and other supporting components, thus restricting the development of electromagnetic actuators towards miniaturization and lightweight design.

[0047] On the other hand, since the entire stroke of the push rod needs to be completed by a single moving iron, in order for the electromagnetic actuator to respond quickly and shorten the reaction time during braking and other locking actions, the moving iron must move at a relatively high speed. However, when the moving iron moves rapidly to the end of its stroke and stops, it generates a large impact force, which in turn causes significant impact noise. This impact noise not only affects the comfort of the occupants but may also cause some damage to the structure of the electromagnetic actuator itself, reducing its service life and reliability.

[0048] Therefore, how to improve the structure of electromagnetic actuators and overcome the aforementioned defects of single-stage moving iron structures has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of automotive braking technology.

[0049] This disclosure provides an electromagnetic actuator, which adopts a two-stage moving iron structure in which the first moving iron and the second moving iron are arranged along the length of the push rod, and is equipped with a first elastic element connected to the second moving iron and the push rod or the first moving iron. The first elastic element can push the push rod or the first moving iron to move away from the second moving iron.

[0050] The dual-stage moving iron structure distributes the entire stroke to two moving irons, significantly shortening the required travel distance for each moving iron, and correspondingly, reducing the length of the first elastic element. During the compression and extension of the first elastic element, the resulting elastic force is greatly reduced. When the coil assembly is energized, the electromagnetic force causes the first moving iron to move. Because the second moving iron is sandwiched between the first end face and the first moving iron, the elastic force that needs to be overcome is significantly reduced, thus lowering the electromagnetic force output capability requirements of the electromagnetic actuator. This not only effectively reduces the design difficulty and manufacturing cost of the electromagnetic actuator but also alleviates the requirements for supporting components such as the power supply, creating favorable conditions for the miniaturization and lightweighting of electromagnetic actuators.

[0051] Meanwhile, in the dual-stage moving iron structure disclosed herein, the first and second moving irons are arranged in an orderly manner along the length of the push rod and work together to drive the push rod to move. Because the stroke is reasonably distributed between the two moving irons, each moving iron does not need to move at an extremely high speed as a single-stage moving iron to meet the push rod's stroke requirements. When the moving iron stops at the end of its stroke, the resulting impact force is relatively small. This smaller impact force effectively reduces the generation of impact noise, creating a quieter and more comfortable environment for vehicle occupants and greatly improving driving comfort. Furthermore, the smaller impact force significantly reduces damage to the electromagnetic actuator's own structure, reducing wear and loosening of components, thereby significantly improving the lifespan and reliability of the electromagnetic actuator and reducing the frequency and cost of maintenance and replacement.

[0052] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, an electromagnetic actuator is used in an electronic parking brake system in the automotive field. The electromagnetic actuator includes a housing 1, a push rod 3, a coil assembly 2, a first moving iron 4, a second moving iron 5, and a second elastic element 7.

[0053] The housing 1 serves as the basic support structure for the entire electromagnetic actuator, and its interior contains a accommodating space 11 to house other components. The housing 1 has a first end face 121 and a second end face 141 positioned opposite each other, providing a positioning reference for the installation and movement of subsequent components. The housing 1 can be made of a high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal material, such as stainless steel, through casting or machining processes to ensure it can withstand various external forces and environmental influences during vehicle operation.

[0054] In one example, the housing 1 includes a first end cap 12, a cylindrical body 13, and a second end cap 14. The cylindrical body 13 has a cylindrical structure and is fitted onto the coil assembly 2. The first end cap 12 and the second end cap 14 are located on opposite sides of the cylindrical body 13 along its length. The first end cap 12 and the second end cap 14 are reliably connected to the cylindrical body 13 by welding, bolting, or snap-fitting. The side of the second end cap 14 adjacent to the cylindrical body 13 is the second end face 141, and the side of the first end cap 12 adjacent to the cylindrical body 13 is the first end face 121.

[0055] The radial sidewall of the cylinder 13 is provided with an avoidance opening 131, which allows part of the coil assembly 2 to extend outside the housing 1 to meet the requirements of connection with other components or functional implementation. The shape and size of the avoidance opening 131 are designed according to the specific shape and size of the part of the coil assembly 2 that needs to extend outside the housing 1.

[0056] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5As shown, the coil assembly 2 is disposed within the accommodating space 11 and is connected to the housing 1. The connection method can be threaded connection, snap-fit ​​connection, welding, or bonding. For example, when using a threaded connection, an internal thread is provided on the housing 1, and an external thread is provided on the outer shell of the coil assembly 2. The coil assembly 2 is fixed to the housing 1 by rotation. The coil assembly 2 has an accommodating channel 21 for accommodating other components, such as the push rod 3, the first moving iron 4, and the second moving iron 5.

[0057] Coil assembly 2 is a key component in the electromagnetic actuator that generates the magnetic field. When energized, it produces a magnetic field around itself. In actual manufacturing, coil assembly 2 is made of enameled wire, with the number of turns and wire diameter determined according to the design requirements of the electromagnetic actuator. For example, for electromagnetic actuators requiring greater magnetic force, the number of turns can be increased and thicker enameled wire can be used. After winding, coil assembly 2 is impregnated with enamel to improve its insulation and heat dissipation properties.

[0058] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, the push rod 3 is movably disposed within the receiving channel 21, and one end of the push rod 3 extends through the first end face 121 along its length. In automotive applications, the structure of one end of the push rod 3 extending through the housing 1 allows for easy connection with other actuators in the vehicle to transmit power. The material of the push rod is determined based on actual conditions, requiring sufficient strength and toughness to meet wear resistance and fatigue resistance requirements during frequent movement.

[0059] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, the first moving iron 4 is movably disposed within the accommodating channel 21 and located on one side of the second end face 141 of the housing 1. The first moving iron 4 can generate corresponding linear motion under the action of a magnetic field. The first moving iron 4 is made of a soft magnetic material, such as silicon steel sheet. This material has good magnetic permeability, can be rapidly magnetized under the action of a magnetic field, and can be quickly demagnetized after the magnetic field disappears, returning to its initial non-magnetic state. This characteristic enables the electromagnetic actuator to respond quickly to changes in the magnetic field, achieve efficient engagement and release actions, and improve the working efficiency and stability of the entire electromagnetic actuator system.

[0060] For example, the first moving iron 4 is connected to the other end of the push rod 3. The structure of the first moving iron 4 is diverse; it can be a single unit or multiple individual units. It can achieve attraction and drive the push rod 3 to move. This structure is simple, reliable, and low in cost. When the first moving iron 4 consists of multiple individual units, in order to ensure that these individual units can move linearly along the length direction of the push rod 3, corresponding limiting slides or other structures need to be set on the push rod 3 or the coil assembly 2. For example, when the first moving iron 4 consists of multiple individual units, limiting slides matching the number and shape of the individual units are machined on the push rod 3, so that each individual unit can only move along the length direction of the push rod 3 within the slide, thereby restricting their movement direction and avoiding the individual unit offset or rotation phenomenon caused by uneven magnetic field, ensuring the stability and reliability of the electromagnetic actuator. This structural combination can be flexibly adjusted according to specific application scenarios and performance requirements to achieve the best electromagnetic control effect.

[0061] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, the second moving iron 5 is movably disposed within the receiving channel 21. The arrangement of the second moving iron 5 is similar to or the same as that of the first moving iron 4, and will not be repeated here.

[0062] The second moving iron 5 is located between the first moving iron 4 and the first end face 121. When the coil assembly 2 is energized, a magnetic field is generated around the coil assembly 2 according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. This magnetic field will exert an attractive force on the second moving iron 5, causing it to be attracted and attracted to the first end face 121. At the same time, due to the magnetic force between the first moving iron 4 and the second moving iron 5, the first moving iron 4 will also be attracted to the second moving iron 5, and drive the push rod 3 to move along its length.

[0063] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, one end of the second elastic element 7 is connected to the push rod 3 or the first moving iron 4, and the other end is connected to the second moving iron 5. The second elastic element 7 is configured to push the push rod 3 or the first moving iron 4 to move away from the first end face 121. The second elastic element 7, for example, is a spring, which is sleeved on the push rod 3. This installation method allows the first elastic element 6 to fit tightly with the push rod 3 and deform accordingly with the movement of the push rod 3. For example, one end of the first elastic element 6 is fixedly connected to the push rod 3 or abuts against the first moving iron 4, and the other end abuts against the second moving iron 5.

[0064] The electromagnetic actuator provided in this embodiment utilizes a dual-stage moving iron structure consisting of a first moving iron 4 and a second moving iron 5, along with a first elastic element 6, to divide the entire stroke, thereby shortening the travel distance of each moving iron and the length of the first elastic element 6. During the compression and extension of the first elastic element, the resulting elastic force is significantly reduced. When the coil assembly 2 is energized, the electromagnetic force causing the first moving iron 4 to move significantly reduces the elastic force that needs to be overcome, thus lowering the electromagnetic force output capability requirements of the electromagnetic actuator. This not only effectively reduces the design difficulty and manufacturing cost of the electromagnetic actuator but also alleviates the requirements for power supplies and other supporting components, creating favorable conditions for the miniaturization and lightweighting of electromagnetic actuators.

[0065] Meanwhile, because the stroke is reasonably distributed between two moving irons, each moving iron does not need to move at extremely high speeds like a single-stage moving iron to meet the stroke requirements of push rod 3. When the moving iron stops at the end of its stroke, the impact force generated is relatively small. This smaller impact force effectively reduces the generation of impact noise, creating a quieter and more comfortable environment for passengers and greatly improving driving comfort. In addition, the smaller impact force also significantly reduces damage to the electromagnetic actuator's own structure, reducing problems such as wear and loosening of components, thereby significantly improving the service life and reliability of the electromagnetic actuator and reducing the frequency and cost of maintenance and replacement.

[0066] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic actuator, through the design of a two-stage moving iron structure and a first elastic element 6, solves the problems of high noise caused by the long travel distance of a single-stage moving iron structure and the need to overcome a large spring force, thus reducing the impact of these adverse factors on the operation of the electromagnetic actuator. The lower noise level makes the electromagnetic actuator operate more smoothly and reduces interference to other components; the smaller spring force reduces energy consumption and improves energy utilization efficiency, enabling the electromagnetic actuator to work more efficiently.

[0067] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, the electromagnetic actuator also includes a second elastic element 7, which is disposed between the second moving iron 5 and the first end face 121. The second elastic element 7 is configured to push the second moving iron 5 to move away from the first end face 121. The second moving iron 5 is configured to move towards the first end face 121 by electromagnetic force when the coil assembly 2 is energized.

[0068] First Example

[0069] The second elastic element 7 and the second moving iron 5 can be connected by a spring clip or hook, fixing one end of the second elastic element 7 in the clip to ensure that the second moving iron 5 can move the second elastic element 7 together with it. The connection to the housing 1 can be achieved by setting a fixing point at a corresponding position on the first end face 121, such as by bolting or welding, to firmly connect the other end of the second elastic element 7 to the housing 1, providing stable support for the second elastic element 7. This installation and connection method has the advantages of simple structure and reliable connection. It does not require complex mechanical structures or additional parts to achieve an effective connection between the second elastic element 7, the second moving iron 5, and the housing 1, reducing the manufacturing cost and assembly difficulty of the electromagnetic actuator.

[0070] When the coil assembly 2 is energized, a strong magnetic field is generated around it according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. Under the influence of this magnetic field, an attraction force is generated between the first moving iron 4 and the second moving iron 5, causing them to move along the length of the push rod 3 toward the first end face 121. Since one end of the second elastic element 7 is connected to the second moving iron 5 and the other end is connected to the first end face 121 of the housing 1, the attraction movement of the first moving iron 4 will compress the first elastic element 6, and the attraction of the second moving iron 5 will compress the second elastic element 7, causing it to undergo elastic deformation. The second elastic element 7 stores elastic potential energy during the compression process.

[0071] When coil assembly 2 is de-energized, the magnetic field disappears, and neither the first moving iron 4 nor the second moving iron 5 is attracted by the magnetic field. At this time, the second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6, having stored elastic potential energy due to previous compression, begin to reset under the action of this elastic potential energy. During the reset process, the second elastic element 7 generates an outward elastic force, pushing the push rod 3 away from the first end face 121. The push rod 3 then drives the first moving iron 4 away from the first end face 121.

[0072] The elastic force of the second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6 can quickly overcome the residual magnetic force and friction between the push rod 3 and the first end face 121, allowing the push rod 3 to quickly return to its initial position. On the one hand, the compression and reset functions of the second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6 enable the electromagnetic actuator to achieve stable engagement and disengagement actions under both energized and de-energized conditions, improving the control accuracy and response speed of the electromagnetic actuator. On the other hand, the presence of the second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6 also plays a role in buffering and shock absorption. During the engagement and disengagement of the first moving iron 4 and the second moving iron 5, the second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6 can absorb and release energy, reducing vibration and noise caused by motion impact and extending the service life of the electromagnetic actuator.

[0073] The electromagnetic actuator provided in this embodiment provides a buffer for the attraction of the first moving iron 4, the second moving iron 5, and the first end face 121 of the housing 1 through the second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6, effectively reducing impact noise and extending the overall service life of the electromagnetic actuator. When the coil assembly 2 is energized, a magnetic field is generated around it, and the first moving iron 4 can generate corresponding linear motion under the action of the magnetic field. When the coil assembly 2 is de-energized, the magnetic force disappears, and the second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6 are used to reset it, driving the push rod 3 back to the initial position. From the perspective of system control, it can drive forward movement as long as one side of the circuit is energized, and the backward movement can be achieved through the built-in second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6, which greatly simplifies the system control logic and also reduces the design cost of hardware and machinery.

[0074] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, the first end face 121 of the housing 1 is provided with a first annular groove 1211, which is configured to accommodate the second elastic member 7. The first annular groove 1211 can both fully accommodate the second elastic member 7 and guide the second elastic member 7 to prevent the second elastic member 7 from tilting or shifting.

[0075] Alternatively, a first groove 51 can be provided on the radial inner wall of the second moving iron 5, and the second elastic member 7 can be sleeved on the push rod 3. The first groove 51 is configured to accommodate at least a portion of the second elastic member 7, further optimizing the structure and performance of the electromagnetic actuator. Specifically, the first groove 51 has a first stepped surface 511 facing the first end face 121 and connected to the second elastic member 7, providing a point of force for the pushing action of the second elastic member 7. The depth and width of the first groove 51 are adjusted accordingly based on the dimensions of the second elastic member 7 to ensure that the second elastic member 7 can be stably placed within it.

[0076] When the coil assembly 2 is energized, the second moving iron 5 moves towards the first end face 121 under the attraction of the magnetic field, and the second elastic member 7 is compressed. At this time, the second elastic member 7 will be completely embedded in the first groove 51.

[0077] On the one hand, the design of the first groove 51 and the second elastic element 7 reduces the magnetic gap, improves the engagement efficiency and stability of the electromagnetic actuator, and enables the electromagnetic actuator to complete the engagement and release actions in a shorter time, with a faster response speed. At the same time, reducing the magnetic gap also reduces the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit, reduces energy loss, and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the electromagnetic actuator.

[0078] On the other hand, the optimized moving iron electromagnetic force drive characteristics ensure that the electromagnetic actuator can still operate normally under extreme conditions, improving its reliability and adaptability. Whether in harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, or high vibration, the electromagnetic actuator can operate stably and reliably, meeting the needs of various complex working conditions.

[0079] For example, both the first moving iron 4 and the second moving iron 5 can be displaced by electromagnetic force. While ensuring the stroke of the push rod 3 axis, the magnetic gap can be reduced by rationally designing the structure and dimensions of the first moving iron 4 and the second moving iron 5, and optimizing the parameters of the coil assembly 2. Reducing the magnetic gap helps improve the performance of the electromagnetic actuator. The smaller the magnetic gap, the lower the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit, and the less the magnetic field strength attenuates in the magnetic circuit. This allows the second moving iron 5 to be subjected to a stronger electromagnetic force, improving the engagement efficiency and stability of the electromagnetic actuator. Furthermore, reducing the magnetic gap ensures that, even under extreme conditions, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic actuator can still overcome the spring force of the second elastic element 7, ensuring that the second moving iron 5 can be tightly engaged with the first end face 121, achieving stable operation of the electromagnetic actuator.

[0080] When the coil assembly 2 is energized, the second moving iron 5 moves towards the first end face 121 under the attraction of the magnetic field, and the second elastic member 7 is compressed. At this time, the second elastic member 7 will be completely embedded in the first groove 51.

[0081] The electromagnetic actuator provided in this embodiment drives the push rod 3 to move along its length direction through the attraction between the first moving iron 4 and the second moving iron 5, as well as the attraction between the second moving iron 5 and the first end face 121. It can provide sufficient magnetic force without setting too many permanent magnets. Correspondingly, the winding arrangement (i.e., coil assembly 2) is also optimized. The first groove 51 and the first annular groove 1211 can be set separately or simultaneously, further ensuring the enclosure of the second elastic element 7 and improving space utilization. It does not require a large space, mainly concentrated around the first moving iron 4 and the second moving iron 5, which is conducive to realizing the integrated and miniaturized design of the electromagnetic actuator. It can well adapt to the development requirements of miniaturization of electromechanical braking devices.

[0082] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, the first elastic element 6 is sleeved on the push rod 3, and the first elastic element 6 is located on the side of the push rod 3 away from the first end face 121. One end of the first elastic element 6 is connected to the push rod 3, or one end of the first elastic element 6 abuts against the first moving iron 4, and the other end abuts against the second moving iron 5.

[0083] For example, one end of the first elastic element 6 is connected to the push rod 3, which can be fixed by welding, snap-fitting, or other methods to ensure that the first elastic element 6 moves together with the push rod 3. The other end of the first elastic element 6 is connected to the second moving iron 5, and a corresponding connection point, such as a spring hook or a slot, is provided on the second moving iron 5 to firmly connect the other end of the first elastic element 6 to the second moving iron 5. Using the above connection method, the structure is simple and the connection is reliable.

[0084] For example, when the first elastic element 6 is connected to the first moving iron 4, they can be directly connected, or they can be fixed by welding, snap-fitting, or other methods, depending on the actual situation.

[0085] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, the first elastic element 6 can be directly connected to the second moving iron 5, or indirectly connected. For example, when indirectly connected, a stop 31 is provided on the radial outer wall of the push rod 3. In this case, one end of the first elastic element 6 abuts against the second moving iron 5, and the other end abuts against the stop 31.

[0086] The baffle 31 can be circular, square, or annular, depending on the actual situation, to ensure that the baffle 31 can block the first elastic member 6, and the radial dimension of the baffle 31 is designed with reference to the structural behavior of the second moving iron 5 to avoid interference between the baffle 31 and the second moving iron 5, and to ensure that the baffle 31 can move along the length direction of the push rod 3.

[0087] The axial thickness of the stop 31 needs to be determined based on the compression of the first elastic element 6 and the working requirements of the electromagnetic actuator. The stop 31 must have sufficient thickness to withstand the elastic force of the first elastic element 6, preventing deformation or damage during long-term use. At the same time, the area of ​​the stop 31 must also be large enough to ensure that the first elastic element 6 can apply the elastic force evenly, making the movement of the push rod 3 more stable.

[0088] When the coil assembly 2 is energized, a strong magnetic field is generated around it according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. Under the influence of this magnetic field, the second moving iron 5 and the first moving iron 4 will attract each other. After the first moving iron 4 is attracted, it will drive the push rod 3 to move along its length. The first elastic element 6 is sandwiched between the stop 31 and the second moving iron 5. The movement of the push rod 3 will cause the stop 31 to compress the first elastic element 6.

[0089] When coil assembly 2 is de-energized, the magnetic field disappears, and the attraction between the second moving iron 5 and the first moving iron 4 disappears. At this time, the first elastic element 6, having stored elastic potential energy due to its previous compression, begins to reset under the influence of this potential energy. The reset of the first elastic element 6 pushes the stop 31 to move, and since the stop 31 is connected to the push rod 3, it causes the push rod 3 to move in the opposite direction along its length. The movement of the push rod 3 then moves the first moving iron 4 away from the second moving iron 5, restoring the electromagnetic actuator to its initial state.

[0090] In this embodiment, a stop 31 is provided on the radial outer wall of the push rod 3, and the first elastic member 6 is sandwiched between the stop 31 and the second moving iron 5, which helps to optimize the overall structure of the electromagnetic actuator and make it more compact.

[0091] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 , Figure 5 As shown, the second moving iron 5 is provided with a second groove 52, which is configured to accommodate the first elastic member 6, which is sleeved on the push rod 3.

[0092] The second groove 52 provides stable support and guidance for the compression of the first elastic element 6. During compression, the first elastic element 6 remains within the second groove 52 without shifting or twisting, ensuring uniform force distribution and stable storage of elastic potential energy. The second groove 52 has a second stepped surface 521 facing the second end face 141 and connected to the first elastic element 6, allowing the first elastic element 6 to be sandwiched between the second stepped surface 521 and the stop 31. The stop 31 can also be accommodated within the second groove 52, reducing additional installation space requirements and improving the space utilization of the electromagnetic actuator, enabling it to perform more complex functions within a smaller volume.

[0093] The second groove 52 serves to guide the reset direction of the first elastic element 6 during this process. Since the first elastic element 6 is always contained within the second groove 52, its reset direction can be consistent with the movement direction of the second moving iron 5 and the movement direction of the push rod 3, ensuring that the second moving iron 5 and the push rod 3 can return to their initial positions smoothly and accurately.

[0094] When the coil assembly 2 is energized, a magnetic field is generated around the coil assembly 2 according to the principle of electromagnetic induction. Under the action of this magnetic field, the first moving iron 4 is attracted and attracted to the second moving iron 5. At this time, the movement of the first moving iron 4 will drive the push rod 3 to move along its length until the first moving iron 4 and the second moving iron 5 are tightly connected. The first elastic element 6 will deform, that is, the first elastic element 6 is compressed and stores elastic potential energy.

[0095] When coil assembly 2 is de-energized, the magnetic field disappears, and neither the second moving iron 5 nor the first moving iron 4 is attracted by the magnetic field. At this time, the first elastic element 6, having stored elastic potential energy due to its previous compression, begins to reset under the influence of this elastic potential energy. During the reset process, the first elastic element 6 generates a back thrust, pushing the push rod 3 and the second moving iron 5 to move in opposite directions.

[0096] Combined with the resetting function of the second elastic element 7, the resetting function of the first elastic element 6 further improves the release speed and response sensitivity of the electromagnetic actuator. The second elastic element 7 is used to separate the second moving iron 5 from the first end face 121, and the first elastic element 6 is used to separate the second moving iron 5 from the first moving iron 4. Their synergistic effect allows the braking path to be quickly cut off, improving the response speed and safety of the vehicle's parking brake mechanism. Through the synergistic effect of the second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6, the electromagnetic actuator can complete the engagement and release actions in a shorter time, and the action process is more stable, reducing errors caused by vibration and impact, and improving the working performance and reliability of the electromagnetic actuator.

[0097] By accommodating the first elastic element 6 and the stop 31 within the second groove 52 on the second moving iron 5, the additional installation space requirement is reduced, the space utilization of the electromagnetic actuator is improved, and the electromagnetic actuator can achieve more complex functions in a smaller volume.

[0098] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figure 7 , Figures 1-7 As shown, the first moving iron 4 is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod 3 near the second end face 141, so as to realize the synchronous movement between the first moving iron 4 and the push rod 3 and meet the requirement of the first moving iron 4 driving the push rod 3 to move along its length direction.

[0099] Alternatively, the first moving iron 4 can be movably connected to the end of the push rod 3 near the second end face 141 to improve the flexibility of the push rod 3. For example, the first moving iron 4 is provided with a first channel 41, and the push rod 3 is movably disposed within the first channel 41.

[0100] The first channel 41 avoids a portion of the push rod 3's structure, allowing a portion of the push rod 3 to be embedded within the first channel 41, thus increasing the contact area between the push rod 3 and the first moving iron 4. During the operation of the electromagnetic actuator, the push rod 3 needs to withstand a significant force from the first moving iron 4 to achieve reciprocating motion. The larger contact area effectively disperses the force, reduces local stress concentration, thereby improving the stability of the connection between the push rod 3 and the first moving iron 4 and reducing the risk of failure due to loose connection.

[0101] From the perspective of restricting the direction of movement, the first channel 41 guides the movement of the push rod 3. Since the push rod 3 can only move within the first channel 41, its trajectory is limited to the length of the first channel 41, effectively preventing the push rod 3 from deviating, wobbling, or other unstable situations during movement.

[0102] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-4 , Figure 6 As shown, the electromagnetic actuator also includes a guide sleeve 8, which is disposed on the second end face 141 of the housing 1 and is tightly connected to the housing 1. To achieve the positioning and installation of the guide sleeve 8, a through hole 142 is provided on one side of the second end face 141 of the housing 1. The guide sleeve 8 is installed in the through hole 142 by a snap-fit ​​method. This snap-fit ​​structure has the advantages of simple installation and accurate positioning.

[0103] Among them, part of the structure of the guide sleeve 8 can extend to the outside of the housing 1, which reduces the space occupied by the guide sleeve 8 in the internal accommodating space 11 of the housing 1, and provides more ample installation and movement space for components such as the coil assembly 2, the first moving iron 4, and the second moving iron 5. This is conducive to optimizing the overall spatial layout of the electromagnetic actuator and making its structure more compact and reasonable.

[0104] The guide sleeve 8 is provided with a guide groove 81, within which the first moving iron 4 is movably disposed. On one hand, it provides guidance for the first moving iron 4. Under the influence of the magnetic field, the first moving iron 4 needs to move linearly within the guide groove 81 in a specific direction, such as the length direction of the push rod 3. The straight shape and smooth inner wall of the guide groove 81 ensure the accurate trajectory of the first moving iron 4, avoiding performance degradation or malfunction of the electromagnetic actuator due to movement deviation.

[0105] On the other hand, the guide groove 81 also protects the first moving iron 4. During the operation of the electromagnetic actuator, the first moving iron 4 may be subject to interference from the external environment or collision with other components. The guide groove 81 can provide a relatively enclosed protective space for the first moving iron 4, reducing the impact of external factors and extending the service life of the first moving iron 4.

[0106] The outer diameter of the guide sleeve 8 is the same as that of the second moving iron 5. In other words, the inner diameter of the guide groove 81 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second moving iron 5. When the coil assembly 2 is de-energized, the magnetic field disappears, the push rod 3 returns to its original position, and thus drives the first moving iron 4 to move. Because the inner diameter of the guide groove 81 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second moving iron 5, when the first moving iron 4 moves to a certain position, the second moving iron 5 will come into contact with the guide sleeve 8. This contact prevents further movement of the second moving iron 5, thus ensuring reliable separation between the second moving iron 5 and the first moving iron 4.

[0107] In this embodiment, the guide sleeve 8 provides reliable support and guidance for the movement of the first moving iron 4, ensuring the stable operation of the electromagnetic actuator under various working conditions. Simultaneously, the protective function of the guide sleeve 8 for the first moving iron 4 and its dimensional fit with the second moving iron 5 further extend the service life of the electromagnetic actuator and improve its performance indicators.

[0108] The electromagnetic actuator disclosed herein offers flexible and diverse configuration options to meet the needs of various scenarios. Furthermore, as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the push rod 3 can also penetrate the second end face 141 of the housing 1, so that the other side of the push rod 3 can also perform pushing or limiting movements, depending on the actual needs.

[0109] In some exemplary embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, electromagnetic actuators can be either monostable or bistable to meet different application scenarios or requirements, thereby improving the flexibility and versatility of electromagnetic actuators.

[0110] When the electromagnetic actuator is a monostable actuator, the coil assembly 2 includes a set of coils. It does not require permanent magnets, allowing for a more concentrated arrangement of the coil assembly 2. Compared to bistable electromagnetic actuators in related technologies, which require more permanent magnets and a larger space for winding arrangement, this design is more conducive to miniaturization and integration, better adapting to the wheel-side space of vehicles and meeting the miniaturization trend of automotive electromechanical braking devices.

[0111] When the electromagnetic actuator is a bistable actuator, the coil assembly 2 includes a first set of coils 22 and a second set of coils 23, which are respectively located on both sides along the length of the push rod 3. This configuration is more flexible, allowing the bistable actuator to control the movement direction of the two-stage moving iron. For example, positive and negative current control can be used to drive forward and backward movements, meeting various control requirements.

[0112] The electromagnetic actuator disclosed herein employs a two-stage moving iron structure, such as a first moving iron 4 and a second moving iron 5, and uses stepped spring buffers, such as a second elastic element 7 and a first elastic element 6, to effectively reduce impact noise. Furthermore, the durability of the springs is more reliable than that of the elastomers, thus not only solving the noise problem but also improving the system's reliability. The second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6 work together to further improve the release speed and response sensitivity of the electromagnetic actuator, enabling rapid disconnection of the braking path, improving the response speed and safety of the vehicle's parking brake mechanism, and reducing the need for additional installation space, thereby increasing space utilization.

[0113] By rationally designing the structure and dimensions of the first moving iron 4 and the second moving iron 5, and optimizing the parameters of the coil assembly 2, the magnetic gap is reduced while ensuring the stroke of the push rod 3 axis. The reduced magnetic gap improves the engagement efficiency and stability of the electromagnetic actuator, resulting in a faster response speed, reduced magnetic circuit resistance, reduced energy loss, and improved energy utilization efficiency. Simultaneously, the optimized electromagnetic force drive characteristics of the moving iron ensure that the electromagnetic actuator can still operate normally under extreme conditions, improving reliability and adaptability to meet the needs of various complex working conditions.

[0114] This disclosure also provides a braking and parking mechanism, including a body (not shown in the figure), a locking mechanism 9 and an electromagnetic actuator. The locking mechanism 9 and the electromagnetic actuator are respectively disposed in the body, and the parts work together to realize the braking and parking function.

[0115] The electromagnetic component includes a housing 1, a push rod 3, a coil assembly 2, a first moving iron 4, and a second elastic element 7. Its arrangement is the same as that in any of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0116] The locking mechanism 9 includes a first locking part 91 and a second locking part 92. Both the first locking part 91 and the second locking part 92 are rotatably mounted on the body, so that the first locking part 91 and the second locking part 92 can move relative to each other under the action of the push rod 3, thereby completing the locking and unlocking operations.

[0117] The shape and structure of the first locking part 91 are designed according to the cooperation requirements with the push rod 3 and the second locking part 92. For example, the first locking part 91 can be designed as a lever structure, which is rotatably mounted on the body through a rotating connecting part such as a pin. One end of the first locking part 91 abuts against the push rod 3, and the other end is used to engage with the second locking part 92.

[0118] The second locking part 92 can be designed with a slot structure, which locks the device when the other end of the first locking part 91 is engaged in the slot. The rotation angle and range of the second locking part 92 can be designed according to actual usage requirements to ensure the reliability and flexibility of locking and unlocking operations.

[0119] When the braking and parking function is required, the coil assembly 2 is energized. At this time, the coil assembly 2 generates a magnetic field, and the second moving iron 5 is attracted to the first end face 121 under the action of the magnetic field. At the same time, the first moving iron 4 is attracted to the second moving iron 5. Since the first moving iron 4 is connected to the push rod 3, the attraction movement of the first moving iron 4 will drive the push rod 3 to move along its length. The push rod 3 moves to abut one end of the first locking part 91, pushing the first locking part 91 to rotate around its rotation axis, so that the other end of the first locking part 91 is engaged in the slot of the second locking part 92, thereby forming a lock and realizing the braking and parking function.

[0120] When it is necessary to release the parking brake, simply disconnect the power supply to the coil assembly 2. The magnetic field disappears, and the first moving iron 4 and the second moving iron 5 return to their initial positions under the action of the second elastic element 7 and the first elastic element 6. The push rod 3 also resets accordingly, and the first locking part 91 and the second locking part 92 are locked. At this time, since the restriction on the first locking part 91 is released, the second locking part 92 can be driven to rotate in the opposite direction around the axis, causing the other end of the second locking part 92 to separate from the other end of the first locking part 91. The locking state is released, and the parking brake function is disabled.

[0121] In this embodiment, as Figures 1-3 Figure 5 Figures 1-3 Figure 5 Figure 7 Figures 1-7 Figures 1-4 As shown, the second locking part 92 includes a locking ratchet 921, which is connected to a drive unit in the brake parking mechanism. This drive unit includes, for example, a drive motor, whose drive shaft is connected to the locking ratchet 921. The drive motor can drive the locking ratchet 921 to perform a rotational stroke around its shaft.

[0122] The locking ratchet 921 is typically made of high-strength metal to ensure that it will not deform or be damaged when subjected to large torques. The shape and size of its teeth are designed according to the requirements of its engagement with the first locking part 91, such as triangular or trapezoidal tooth shapes, to ensure stable interaction with the first locking part 91 during locking and unlocking.

[0123] The first locking part 91 includes a locking pawl 911 and an elastic reset member 912. The locking pawl 911 is rotatably disposed on the body. For example, the locking pawl 911 is disposed on the body via a first shaft 913, and the locking pawl 911 can rotate around the first shaft 913.

[0124] The locking pawl 911 is generally also made of metal, and its shape design must meet the requirement of effectively engaging with the locking ratchet 921. For example, the end of the locking pawl 911 that contacts the locking ratchet 921 can be designed to match the teeth of the locking ratchet 921 so that it can be firmly engaged in the teeth when locking, preventing the locking ratchet 921 from rotating in the opposite direction.

[0125] The elastic reset member 912 is connected to both the main body and the locking pawl 911, and is used to return the locking pawl 911 to its initial position when unlocking. Exemplarily, the elastic reset member 912 includes a tension spring 9121, a second shaft 9122, and a third shaft 9123. The second shaft 9122 is fixedly connected to the main body, and the third shaft 9123 is fixedly connected to the locking pawl 911. A hook 91211 is provided at both ends of the tension spring 9121, which is then hooked onto the corresponding second shaft 9122 and third shaft 9123.

[0126] To improve the stability of the elastic reset member 912, a baffle 91221 is provided on the second shaft 9122. The radial dimension of the second shaft 9122 is smaller than the dimension of the baffle 91221. In this way, the baffle 91221 can block the hook 91211 and prevent the hook 91211 from falling off.

[0127] Furthermore, the second shaft 9122 is located on the side of the locking pawl 911 that is close to the locking ratchet 921. This arrangement allows the tension spring 9121 to pull the locking pawl 911 to rotate around the first shaft 913 when it is engaged in locking, causing the locking pawl 911 to separate from the locking ratchet 921.

[0128] It is understandable that, in addition to the second axis 9122 having a shielding structure, the first axis 913 and the third axis 9123 can also have similar structures to achieve the corresponding shielding, depending on the actual situation.

[0129] When the braking and parking function is required, the coil assembly 2 in the electromagnetic actuator is energized, the second moving iron 5 is attracted to the first end face 121, and the first moving iron 4 is attracted to the second moving iron 5, thereby driving the push rod 3 to move along its length. The push rod 3 is set to abut against one end of the locking pawl 911. At this time, the locking pawl 911 rotates around the first shaft 913, and the other end of the locking pawl 911 is adapted to the locking ratchet 921, so that the other end of the locking pawl 911 and the locking ratchet 921 form a locking engagement. During this process, the elastic reset member 912 deforms, that is, the tension spring 9121 is stretched, thereby storing elastic potential energy. The locking pawl 911 and the locking ratchet 921 prevent the rotation of the locking ratchet 921. Since the locking ratchet 921 is connected to the drive unit, the braking and parking function is realized.

[0130] The release of the parking brake is optional. If release is not required, the locking pawl 911 and locking ratchet 921 remain engaged. To release the parking brake, the coil assembly 2 in the electromagnetic actuator is de-energized, and the push rod 3 retracts from the locking pawl 911. At this time, the drive motor can be used to drive the locking ratchet 921 to rotate around its axis. During rotation, the locking state between the locking ratchet 921 and the locking pawl 911 is released. Since both ends of the locking pawl 911 are in a free state, the elastic reset member 912 begins to reset, i.e., the tension spring 9121 contracts, causing the locking pawl 911 to rotate in the opposite direction around the first shaft 913, thus separating the locking pawl 911 from the locking ratchet 921 and releasing the parking brake function.

[0131] In this embodiment, the braking and parking mechanism controls the movement of the push rod 3 through an electromagnetic actuator, which in turn drives the locking pawl 911 to engage and disengage from the locking ratchet 921. Combined with the elastic reset member 912, automatic reset is achieved. The structure is simple and reliable, and can effectively realize the locking and unlocking functions of braking and parking, meeting the needs of users.

[0132] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0133] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic actuator, characterized in that, include: The housing has a first end face and a second end face that are disposed opposite to each other; A coil assembly is disposed within the housing, and the interior of the coil assembly is provided with a receiving channel; A push rod is movably disposed in the receiving channel, and one end of the push rod extends through the first end face along its length. The first moving iron is movably disposed within the receiving channel and located on one side of the second end face of the housing; wherein the first moving iron is connected to the other end of the push rod, and the first moving iron is configured to move towards the first end face by electromagnetic force when the coil assembly is energized, thereby driving the push rod to move; The second moving iron is movably disposed within the receiving channel, located between the first moving iron and the first end face; And a first elastic element, one end of which is connected to the push rod or the first moving iron, and the other end of which is connected to the second moving iron, is configured to push the push rod or the first moving iron to move away from the first end face.

2. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic actuator further includes a second elastic element disposed between the second moving iron and the first end face. The second elastic element is configured to push the second moving iron to move away from the first end face. The second moving iron is configured to move towards the first end face under electromagnetic force when the coil assembly is energized.

3. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first end face of the housing is provided with a first annular groove, which is configured to accommodate a portion of the second elastic element; and / or, The radial inner wall of the second moving iron is provided with a first groove, which is configured to accommodate at least a portion of the structure of the second elastic member; wherein the first groove has a first stepped surface facing the first end face and connected to the second elastic member.

4. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first elastic element is sleeved on the push rod, and the first elastic element is located on the side of the push rod away from the first end face; One end of the first elastic element is connected to the push rod, or one end of the first elastic element abuts against the first moving iron, and the other end abuts against the second moving iron.

5. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that, A stop is provided on the push rod connected to one end of the first elastic member. One end of the first elastic member abuts against the first moving iron, and the other end abuts against the stop.

6. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second moving iron is provided with a second groove; The first elastic element is sleeved on the push rod, and at least a portion of the structure of the first elastic element extends into the second groove; wherein the second groove has a second stepped surface facing the second end face and connected to the first elastic element.

7. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first moving iron is fixedly connected to the end of the push rod near the second end face.

8. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first moving iron is provided with a first channel, and the push rod is movably inserted through the first channel.

9. A braking and parking mechanism, characterized in that, It includes a body, a locking mechanism, and an electromagnetic actuator as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the locking mechanism and the electromagnetic actuator are respectively disposed within the body; The locking mechanism includes a first locking part and a second locking part, both of which are rotatably disposed on the body. The first locking part is configured to engage with the second locking part when the push rod of the electromagnetic actuator is extended or retracted.

10. The braking and parking mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second locking part includes a locking ratchet; The first locking part includes a locking pawl and an elastic reset member. The locking pawl is rotatably disposed on the body, and the elastic reset member is connected to the body and the locking pawl respectively. The locking pawl is configured to engage with the locking ratchet when the push rod is extended, and the elastic reset member is deformed. The locking ratchet is configured to rotate about an axis when the push rod is in the retracted state to release the locking pawl; the resilient reset member is configured to push the locking pawl to rotate, thereby separating the locking pawl from the locking ratchet.

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