Single-feed dual-band four-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single feed dual -frequency four -armed helical circular polarization antenna belongs to communication technical field, including low frequency antenna and high frequency antenna, the low frequency antenna includes low frequency radiator and the low frequency substrate at low frequency radiator bottom, the high frequency antenna includes high frequency radiator and the high frequency substrate at high frequency radiator bottom, and low frequency antenna and high frequency antenna are arranged with the same axis sleeve structure, and low frequency antenna is located at the inside of high frequency antenna, and the bottom of high frequency antenna and low frequency antenna is jointly connected with the PCB mainboard. This single feed dual -frequency four -armed helical circular polarization antenna, through the same circle center sleeve structure of high frequency antenna in and low frequency antenna in, the volume is reduced greatly, and the portable equipment demand is adapted, through the phase shift network, the polarization direction can be changed flexibly, and the signal adaptability is improved, and with small size, light weight and dual -frequency characteristics, can be effectively applied to portable satellite communication equipment, satisfies the communication demand under the mobile scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a single-fed dual-frequency four-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna. Background Technology

[0002] The quad-helical antenna, as a type of antenna with circular polarization characteristics, is widely used in satellite communication, navigation, and other fields. It can effectively reduce polarization mismatch loss during signal transmission and improve communication stability. With the rapid development of portable satellite communication equipment, higher requirements have been placed on the miniaturization, lightweighting, and multi-band integration of antennas.

[0003] To achieve dual-band operation, traditional dual-band quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antennas typically employ two or more independent quad-arm spiral antennas in a structure that is separated left and right or stacked top and bottom. This design results in a large overall antenna size, occupies a lot of space, and is difficult to meet the miniaturization and lightweight requirements of portable devices. In addition, the polarization direction of some traditional dual-band antennas is fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to actual communication needs, resulting in poor adaptability. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of existing dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antennas being large in size, making it difficult to meet the miniaturization and lightweight requirements of portable devices, and being unable to be flexibly adjusted according to actual communication needs, resulting in poor adaptability. Therefore, a single-fed dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna is proposed.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model employs the following technology: a single-fed dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna, comprising:

[0006] A low-frequency antenna, comprising a low-frequency radiator and a low-frequency substrate located at the bottom of the low-frequency radiator;

[0007] A high-frequency antenna, comprising a high-frequency radiator and a high-frequency substrate located at the bottom of the high-frequency radiator;

[0008] The low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna are arranged in a sleeve structure with the same axis. The low-frequency antenna is located inside the high-frequency antenna. The bottom of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna are connected to a PCB motherboard. The PCB motherboard is equipped with a matching circuit and a power supply amplifier circuit.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: both the high-frequency radiator and the low-frequency radiator are FPC radiators, and both the high-frequency substrate and the low-frequency substrate are PCB substrates.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the diameter of the low-frequency substrate is 19-21 mm, the diameter of the low-frequency radiator is 17-19 mm, and the length of the low-frequency radiator is 36-40 mm.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the diameter of the high-frequency substrate is 24-26 mm, the diameter of the high-frequency radiator is 22-24 mm, and the length of the high-frequency radiator is 31-35 mm.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the radiation linewidth of both the low-frequency radiator and the high-frequency radiator is 2-3 mm.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: it also includes a phase-shifting network, which is connected to the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna to change the circular polarization direction of the antenna.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: the PCB motherboard is also provided with a dual-frequency combining network, which is used to combine the single-frequency signals of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna into a dual-frequency signal.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] Employing a concentric sleeve structure with the high-frequency antenna on the outside and the low-frequency antenna inside, this antenna significantly reduces size compared to traditional dual-frequency four-arm spiral antennas, meeting the stringent space requirements of portable devices. A combining network merges two single-frequency signals into a dual-frequency signal, simplifying the feeding structure and improving the antenna's integration. A phase-shifting network allows for flexible switching between left-hand and right-hand circular polarization, enhancing the antenna's adaptability to different communication scenarios. Its compact structure and lightweight materials make it suitable for mobile applications such as portable satellite communication devices. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model is shown. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model is shown. Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a low-frequency antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-frequency antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0021] Legend:

[0022] 1. Low-frequency radiator; 2. Low-frequency substrate; 3. High-frequency radiator; 4. High-frequency substrate; 5. PCB motherboard. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Reference Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides a single-fed dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna, including a low-frequency antenna and a high-frequency antenna. The low-frequency antenna includes a low-frequency radiator and a low-frequency substrate located at the bottom of the low-frequency radiator. The high-frequency antenna includes a high-frequency radiator and a high-frequency substrate located at the bottom of the high-frequency radiator. The low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna are arranged in a sleeve structure with the same axis. The low-frequency antenna is located inside the high-frequency antenna. The bottom of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna are connected to a PCB motherboard. The PCB motherboard is provided with a matching circuit and a feed amplifier circuit.

[0025] In this invention, the low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna are arranged in a sleeve structure with the same axis. The low-frequency antenna is located on the inner side, and its low-frequency radiator and low-frequency substrate constitute the basis for L-band (1525~1626.5MHz) signal radiation and carrying. The high-frequency antenna is located on the outer side, and its high-frequency radiator and high-frequency substrate constitute the basis for S-band (1980~2200MHz) signal radiation and carrying. The coaxial sleeve design achieves independent radiation of dual-band signals and a compact structure. The low-frequency radiator and the high-frequency radiator respectively receive or transmit circularly polarized signals of the corresponding frequency band. The signals are transmitted to the commonly connected PCB motherboard via the low-frequency substrate and the high-frequency substrate. The matching circuit on the PCB motherboard performs impedance matching on the two signals to reduce transmission loss. The power supply amplifier circuit provides power support for the signals. Finally, the dual-band signals are output through the RF output connector. The amplifier circuit can also be omitted to make a passive antenna, which can be determined according to the equipment requirements of the end customer.

[0026] It should be noted that both the high-frequency and low-frequency radiators are FPC radiators, and both the high-frequency and low-frequency substrates are PCB substrates. FPC has good flexibility and formability, which can closely fit the design requirements of the sleeve structure. When used with the PCB substrate, it can realize the nesting of the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas on the same axis, ensuring efficient integration of the dual-band structure within the cylindrical space. Compared with the traditional separate design, this further reduces the volume and provides a structural basis for the overall miniaturization of the antenna.

[0027] In addition, the radiation linewidth of both the low-frequency and high-frequency radiators is 2-3 mm, which can effectively ensure the radiation efficiency of high-frequency (S-band 1980-2200MHz) and low-frequency (L-band 1525-1626.5MHz) signals, so that the dual-frequency antenna can still maintain high radiation performance in a compact structure and meet the needs of communication signal transmission.

[0028] It should be noted that the antenna also includes a phase-shifting network, which is connected to the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna. The phase-shifting network is used to change the circular polarization direction of the antenna. The circular polarization direction of the antenna (left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization) can be flexibly switched through the phase-shifting network, so that the antenna can adapt to the specific requirements of polarization direction in different satellite communication scenarios, avoid signal loss caused by polarization mismatch, and ensure communication stability.

[0029] Specifically, the low-frequency substrate has a diameter of 19–21 mm, the low-frequency radiator has a diameter of 17–19 mm, and the low-frequency radiator has a length of 36–40 mm. The high-frequency substrate has a diameter of 24–26 mm, the high-frequency radiator has a diameter of 22–24 mm, and the high-frequency radiator has a length of 31–35 mm.

[0030] Specifically, the PCB motherboard also features a dual-band combining network, which combines the single-frequency signals from the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas into a dual-frequency signal. This eliminates the need for separate output channels for the two frequency bands, simplifying the antenna's feeding and signal output structure.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A single-fed dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna, characterized in that, include: The low-frequency antenna includes a low-frequency radiator (1) and a low-frequency substrate (2) located at the bottom of the low-frequency radiator (1). A high-frequency antenna, comprising a high-frequency radiator (3) and a high-frequency substrate (4) located at the bottom of the high-frequency radiator (3); The low-frequency antenna and the high-frequency antenna are arranged in a sleeve structure with the same axis. The low-frequency antenna is located inside the high-frequency antenna. The bottom of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna are connected to a PCB motherboard (5). The PCB motherboard (5) is provided with a matching circuit and a power supply amplifier circuit.

2. The single-fed dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency radiator (3) and the low-frequency radiator (1) are both FPC radiators, and the high-frequency substrate (4) and the low-frequency substrate (2) are both PCB substrates.

3. The single-fed dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-frequency substrate (2) has a diameter of 19-21 mm, the low-frequency radiator (1) has a diameter of 17-19 mm, and the low-frequency radiator (1) has a length of 36-40 mm.

4. The single-fed dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-frequency substrate (4) has a diameter of 24-26 mm, the high-frequency radiator (3) has a diameter of 22-24 mm, and the high-frequency radiator (3) has a length of 31-35 mm.

5. A single-fed dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation linewidth of both the low-frequency radiator (1) and the high-frequency radiator (3) is 2-3 mm.

6. A single-fed dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a phase-shifting network, which is connected to the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna to change the circular polarization direction of the antenna.

7. A single-fed dual-frequency quad-arm spiral circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCB motherboard (5) is also equipped with a dual-frequency combining network, which is used to combine the single-frequency signals of the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna into a dual-frequency signal.

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