A tunnel lining support drainage structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to tunnel engineering support technical field and disclose a kind of tunnel lining support drainage structure, including tunnel main body, the lower end of tunnel main body is correspondingly provided with driving assembly, the outer surface of driving assembly is engagedly connected with scraper conveyor belt, driving assembly is used to drive scraper conveyor belt operation, the lower end of tunnel main body movably installs water seepage plate and mud leakage plate, and its lower end inner cavity is slidably installed with anti-blocking assembly, movably installs with mud accumulation component, anti-blocking assembly is used to prevent water seepage plate water hole blockage, mud accumulation component is used to collect silt and facilitate cleaning, scraper conveyor belt is used to scrape the silt on the surface of drainage layer and is transported to mud accumulation component, mud leakage plate is used to make the silt scraped by scraper fall into mud accumulation component, driving assembly drives scraper conveyor belt operation, cooperates the anti-blocking effect of anti-blocking assembly and the collection function of mud accumulation component, realize the drainage and silt cleaning of tunnel lining support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel engineering support technology, specifically a tunnel lining support and drainage structure. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel lining support is a key engineering structure that ensures the structural stability of the tunnel during construction and operation, and resists the pressure and deformation of the surrounding rock. In order to solve the problems of water seepage in the surrounding rock and water accumulation during construction after tunnel excavation, if the seepage water accumulates behind the lining for a long time, it will easily erode the lining concrete, reduce the durability of the support structure, and even cause the surrounding rock to soften and deform the tunnel. Therefore, a drainage structure needs to be set up in the lining support system.

[0003] For example, patent CN216714471U discloses a drainage system for a tunnel. The system includes a tunnel body, roadbed, and drainage mechanism. The anti-clogging component comprises an mounting plate, connecting block, sliding plate, grid, top rod, rotating shaft, fan blades, and cam. The collection component includes a collection box, filter plate, guide groove, and conduit. Water seeping through the rock layer is guided through a seepage layer and a waterproof layer to a seepage trough, then through the conduit into the collection box where it is filtered by the filter plate. Rainwater from the roadbed enters the drainage trough through the water holes in the cover plate. The water flow drives the fan blades to rotate, causing the rotating shaft and cam to rotate. The cam pushes the sliding plate, which in turn moves the mounting plate, grid, and top rod up and down through the connecting block to clear the water holes. The filter plate in the collection component traps impurities, and the guide groove assists in guiding the flow. Workers periodically disassemble the cover plate and grid to clean impurities from the collection box. The drainage mechanism completes the tunnel drainage, achieving anti-clogging, reducing maintenance difficulty, ensuring the normal use of the roadbed, and extending its service life.

[0004] When the tunnel drainage system described in the above document is in use, although the anti-clogging component can clear the water passages on the cover plate surface through the top rod during the dredging operation, the resulting blockage is easily left on the cover plate surface. It is impossible to effectively clean and collect it during the dredging process, which may cause the blockage to fall back into the water passage and cause secondary blockage. It is necessary for staff to regularly disassemble the cover plate and grating to clean the residual blockage. This not only increases the operational burden and maintenance frequency of the staff, but may also affect the normal operation of the drainage system if the cleaning is not timely. It may also cause water accumulation in the tunnel subgrade to be unable to be discharged in time, affecting the service life of the structure. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a tunnel lining support drainage structure, which has a cleaning component and a blockage storage component that can simultaneously clean and collect blockages during the dredging process. This achieves the beneficial effects of reducing blockage residue, lowering the risk of secondary blockage, reducing the frequency of maintenance by staff, and improving the continuous smoothness of the drainage system, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] This utility model provides the following technical solution: a tunnel lining support drainage structure, including a tunnel body, a drive assembly correspondingly provided at the lower end of the tunnel body, a scraper conveyor belt meshing with the outer surface of the drive assembly, the drive assembly being used to drive the scraper conveyor belt to operate, a seepage plate being movably installed at the lower end of the tunnel body, and a mud-leaking plate being movably installed at the lower end of the tunnel body, an anti-clogging assembly being slidably installed in the inner cavity at the lower end of the tunnel body, the anti-clogging assembly being used to prevent the water passage holes of the seepage plate from being blocked, and a mud-collecting assembly being movably installed in the inner cavity at the lower end of the tunnel body, the mud-collecting assembly being used to collect silt and facilitate cleaning, the scraper conveyor belt being used to scrape off the silt on the surface of the drainage layer and transport it to the mud-collecting assembly, and the mud-leaking plate being used to allow the silt scraped off by the scraper to fall into the mud-collecting assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the tunnel body includes a primary lining layer and a permeable layer disposed on the inner surface of the primary lining layer. The primary lining layer is used to bear the initial surrounding rock pressure and provide foundation support. The permeable layer is used to collect groundwater seeping from the primary lining layer. A drainage cavity is provided on the inner surface of the permeable layer to collect the water flow collected by the permeable layer. A waterproof layer is provided on the inner surface of the drainage cavity. A secondary lining layer is provided on the inner surface of the waterproof layer to prevent water flow from seeping into the inner side of the secondary lining layer. The secondary lining layer is used to provide structural stability. A drainage layer is fixedly installed at the lower end of the secondary lining layer to collect the water flow discharged from the drainage cavity. A drainage pipe is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the drainage layer to discharge the water in the drainage layer into the tunnel.

[0008] Preferably, the drainage layer includes an anti-clogging installation cavity and a mud collection installation cavity. The anti-clogging installation cavity is used to accommodate and limit the anti-clogging component, and the mud collection installation cavity is used to accommodate the mud collection component. The mud collection installation cavity is provided with a corresponding installation groove, which is used for disassembling and fixing the mud collection component.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a rotating shaft and a drive wheel fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft. A driven wheel is fixedly installed at the corresponding end of the drive wheel. A motor is fixedly installed at one end of the drive wheel. The drive wheel rotates under the drive of the motor and drives the driven wheel to rotate through the rotating shaft, thereby engaging and driving the scraper conveyor belt. A motor mounting plate is installed at the bottom of the motor. One end of the motor mounting plate is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the tunnel body. The motor mounting plate is used to fix the motor to the tunnel body.

[0010] Preferably, the scraper conveyor belt includes a conveyor belt and four scrapers fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt is used to drive the scrapers to make a cyclical movement, and the four scrapers are used to scrape off the silt on the permeable plate.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-clogging component includes a mounting plate and a filter plate fixedly mounted on the mounting plate. Two corresponding guide plates are installed at the lower end of the mounting plate to guide the flow of filtered water. The mounting plate is positioned within the anti-clogging mounting cavity. Connecting blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting plate and slidably connected to the inner wall of the anti-clogging mounting cavity. Protrusion shafts are rotatably connected to both ends of the inner wall of the anti-clogging mounting cavity. Uniformly distributed fan blades are fixedly mounted at one end of the protrusion shaft. A sliding plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, allowing the mounting plate to move synchronously by moving the sliding plate. A detachable grid is provided on the top of the mounting plate. A top rod corresponding to the water passage holes on the permeable plate is fixedly connected to the top of the grid. The diameter of the top rod is smaller than the diameter of the water passage holes. The surface of the protrusion shaft contacts the bottom of the sliding plate. The rotation of the fan blades drives the protrusion shaft to rotate, which in turn continuously pushes the sliding plate upwards. This upward movement of the sliding plate, in turn, drives the mounting plate upwards, thereby causing the top rod on the grid to clear the water passage holes.

[0012] Preferably, the sludge collection assembly includes a sludge collection shell and L-shaped grooves formed at both ends of the sludge collection shell. The sludge collection shell is used to store the sludge conveyed by the scraper conveyor belt. The L-shaped grooves are used to provide a sliding track for the L-shaped slider. A return spring is fixedly installed at one end of the L-shaped groove, and an L-shaped slider is fixedly installed at the other end of the return spring. The return spring is used to provide a return spring force for the L-shaped slider, so that the L-shaped slider can be locked into the mounting groove for fixation. A handle is fixedly installed at the upper end of the L-shaped slider. The handle is used to facilitate pulling the L-shaped slider and removing the sludge collection shell for cleaning.

[0013] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] When water seeps into the tunnel, the primary lining layer bears the initial pressure of the surrounding rock and provides basic support. The seepage layer collects the seeping groundwater, and the drainage chamber collects the water flow and guides it into the drainage layer. The waterproof layer prevents water from seeping into the inner side of the secondary lining layer. The secondary lining layer enhances the overall structural stability. Inside the drainage layer, the anti-clogging component automatically unclogs the water holes of the seepage plate, filters impurities in the water flow, and guides the water flow to the drainage pipe. The drive component drives the scraper conveyor belt to circulate. The scraper removes the silt on the seepage plate, and the mud-leaking plate allows the scraped silt to fall into the mud-collecting component. When cleaning the silt, the mud-collecting component can be removed by pulling the handle. During installation, it is fixed by the reset structure. This utility model has a reasonable structural design, is easy to use, and is convenient to install and maintain. The anti-clogging component achieves automatic unblocking, and the scraper conveyor belt, together with the mud-collecting component, enables convenient cleaning of silt. The anti-clogging effect is reliable, the failure rate is low, and it can continuously ensure smooth tunnel drainage, reduce maintenance costs, and ensure the stable operation of the tunnel support structure. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel body, drive assembly, and scraper conveyor belt structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 For the present utility model Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-clogging component.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mud collection component of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 6 For the present utility model Figure 4 Cross-sectional structural diagram.

[0021] In the picture:

[0022] 1. Tunnel main body; 11. Primary lining layer; 12. Water-permeable layer; 13. Drainage cavity; 14. Waterproof layer; 15. Secondary lining layer; 16. Drainage layer; 161. Anti-clogging installation cavity; 162. Mud accumulation installation cavity; 163. Installation groove; 17. Drainage pipe; 2. Drive assembly; 21. Shaft; 22. Drive wheel; 23. Driven wheel; 24. Motor; 25. Motor mounting plate; 3. Scraper conveyor belt; 31. Conveyor belt; 32. Scraper; 6. Anti-clogging assembly; 61. Mounting plate; 62. Filter plate; 63. Guide plate; 64. Protrusion shaft; 65. Fan blade; 66. Sliding plate; 67. Grating; 68. Top rod; 7. Mud accumulation assembly; 71. Mud accumulation shell; 72. L-shaped chute; 73. Return spring; 74. L-shaped slider; 75. Handle. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] This embodiment aims to address the problem of blockages that easily remain on the cover surface after unblocking, making them difficult to clean and collect during the unblocking process. This can lead to secondary blockages as the blockages fall back into the drainage holes. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 1-3A tunnel lining support and drainage structure includes a tunnel body 1. A drive assembly 2 is correspondingly provided at the lower end of the tunnel body 1. A scraper conveyor belt 3 is meshed with the outer surface of the drive assembly 2. The drive assembly 2 is used to drive the scraper conveyor belt 3 to operate. A water seepage plate 4 and a mud leakage plate 5 are movably installed at the lower end of the tunnel body 1. An anti-clogging assembly 6 is slidably installed in the lower end cavity of the tunnel body 1. The anti-clogging assembly 6 is used to prevent the water passage holes of the water seepage plate 4 from being blocked. A mud accumulation assembly 7 is movably installed in the lower end cavity of the tunnel body 1. The mud accumulation assembly 7 is used to collect silt and facilitate cleaning. The scraper conveyor belt 3 is used to scrape off the silt on the surface of the drainage layer 16 and transport it to the mud accumulation assembly 7. The mud leakage plate 5 is used to allow the silt scraped off by the scraper 32 to fall into the mud accumulation assembly 7.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the tunnel body 1 includes a primary lining layer 11 and a permeable layer 12 disposed on the inner surface of the primary lining layer 11. The primary lining layer 11 is used to bear the initial surrounding rock pressure and provide foundation support. The permeable layer 12 is used to collect groundwater seeping from the primary lining layer 11. A drainage cavity 13 is provided on the inner surface of the permeable layer 12. The drainage cavity 13 is used to collect the water flow collected by the permeable layer 12. A waterproof layer 14 is provided on the inner surface of the drainage cavity 13. A secondary lining layer 15 is provided on the inner surface of the waterproof layer 14. The waterproof layer 14 is used to prevent water flow from seeping into the inner side of the secondary lining layer 15. The secondary lining layer 15 is used to provide structural stability. A drainage layer 16 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the secondary lining layer 15. The drainage layer 16 is used to collect the water flow discharged from the drainage cavity 13. A drainage pipe 17 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the drainage layer 16. The drainage pipe 17 is used to discharge the water in the drainage layer 16 into the tunnel.

[0027] like Figures 3-4 As shown, the drainage layer 16 includes an anti-clogging installation cavity 161 and a mud accumulation installation cavity 162. The anti-clogging installation cavity 161 is used to accommodate and limit the anti-clogging component 6, and the mud accumulation installation cavity 162 is used to accommodate the mud accumulation component 7. The mud accumulation installation cavity 162 is provided with a corresponding installation groove 163, which is used for disassembling and fixing the mud accumulation component 7.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the drive assembly 2 includes a rotating shaft 21 and a drive wheel 22 fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft 21. A driven wheel 23 is fixedly installed at the corresponding end of the drive wheel 22. A motor 24 is fixedly installed at one end of the drive wheel 22. The drive wheel 22 rotates under the drive of the motor 24 and drives the driven wheel 23 to rotate through the rotating shaft 21, thereby engaging and driving the scraper conveyor belt 3. A motor mounting plate 25 is installed at the bottom of the motor 24. One end of the motor mounting plate 25 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the tunnel body 1. The motor mounting plate 25 is used to fix the motor 24 on the tunnel body 1.

[0029] like Figure 2As shown, the scraper conveyor belt 3 includes a conveyor belt 31 and four scrapers 32 fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveyor belt 31. The conveyor belt 31 is used to drive the scrapers 32 to make a cyclical movement, and the four scrapers 32 are used to scrape off the silt on the permeable plate 4.

[0030] In this embodiment: the primary lining layer 11 of the tunnel body 1 bears the initial surrounding rock pressure and provides basic support; the seepage layer 12 collects the groundwater seeping from the primary lining layer 11; the drainage chamber 13 collects the water flow from the seepage layer 12 and directs it into the drainage layer 16; the waterproof layer 14 prevents water flow from seeping into the inner side of the secondary lining layer 15; the secondary lining layer 15 enhances structural stability; the drainage layer 16 collects the water flow discharged from the drainage chamber 13; the drainage pipe 17 discharges the water in the drainage layer 16 into the tunnel; the motor 24 of the drive component 2 starts, driving the drive wheel 22 to rotate, and through the rotating shaft 2 1. Drive the driven wheel 23 to rotate, which in turn drives the scraper conveyor belt 3 to rotate. The conveyor belt 31 of the scraper conveyor belt 3 drives the four scrapers 32 to perform a cyclical motion, scraping off the silt on the surface of the drainage layer 16. The mud-leaking plate 5 allows the silt scraped off by the scrapers 32 to fall into the mud-collecting component 7. The anti-clogging component 6 prevents the water passage holes of the seepage plate 4 from becoming blocked, avoiding the blockage caused by residual blockage after dredging. The mud-collecting component 7 is disassembled and fixed through the mounting groove 163 of the mud-collecting mounting cavity 162, and is used to collect silt for subsequent cleaning, completing the drainage and blockage cleaning work of the tunnel lining support.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] This embodiment aims to facilitate the resolution of the problem of residual blockages on the tunnel surface. This embodiment is an improvement upon Embodiment 1. For details, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 3-5 The anti-clogging component 6 includes a mounting plate 61 and a filter plate 62 fixedly mounted on the mounting plate 61. Two corresponding guide plates 63 are mounted on the lower end of the mounting plate 61 to guide the flow of filtered water. The mounting plate 61 is located in the anti-clogging mounting cavity 161. Connecting blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting plate 61 and slidably connected to the inner wall of the anti-clogging mounting cavity 161. Protrusion shafts 64 are rotatably connected to both ends of the inner wall of the anti-clogging mounting cavity 161. Evenly distributed fan blades 65 are fixedly mounted on one end of each protrusion shaft 64. A sliding plate 66 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 61, allowing the filter to be moved. The mounting plate 61 moves synchronously. A detachable grille 67 is provided on the top of the mounting plate 61. A top rod 68 corresponding to the water passage hole on the permeable plate is fixedly connected to the top of the grille 67. The diameter of the top rod 68 is smaller than the diameter of the water passage hole. The surface of the protrusion shaft 64 contacts the bottom of the sliding plate 66. The fan blade 65 rotates, which drives the protrusion shaft 64 to rotate. Under the action of the rotation of the protrusion shaft 64, the sliding plate 66 is continuously pushed upward. By moving the sliding plate 66 upward, the mounting plate 61 is driven upward, thereby driving the top rod 68 on the grille 67 to clear the water passage hole.

[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the sludge collection assembly 7 includes a sludge collection shell 71 and L-shaped grooves 72 formed at both ends of the sludge collection shell 71. The sludge collection shell 71 is used to store the sludge conveyed by the scraper conveyor belt 3. The L-shaped grooves 72 are used to provide a sliding track for the L-shaped slider 74. A return spring 73 is fixedly installed at one end of the L-shaped groove 72. The L-shaped slider 74 is fixedly installed at the other end of the return spring 73. The return spring 73 is used to provide a return spring force for the L-shaped slider 74. The L-shaped slider 74 is locked into the mounting groove 163 for fixation. A handle 75 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the L-shaped slider 74. The handle 75 is used to facilitate pulling the L-shaped slider 74 and removing the sludge collection shell 71 for cleaning.

[0034] In this embodiment: when water flows through the drainage chamber 13 into the drainage layer 16 in the tunnel, the water flow impacts the fan blades 65 of the anti-clogging component 6, causing the convex rotating shaft 64 to rotate. During the rotation of the convex rotating shaft 64, it continuously pushes the sliding plate 66 at the bottom of the mounting plate 61, causing the sliding plate 66 to drive the mounting plate 61 to slide up and down along the inner wall of the anti-clogging mounting chamber 161. This, in turn, drives the top rod 68 on the top grille 67 of the mounting plate 61 to repeatedly insert into the water holes of the seepage plate 4 to clear the blockage in the holes. The cleared blockage falls with the water flow to the filter plate 62 and is intercepted. The guide plate 63 at the lower end of the mounting plate 61 guides the filtered water. The material flows to the drain pipe 17, while the scraper conveyor belt 3 operates under the drive of the drive component 2. Its scraper 32 scrapes the blockage intercepted by the filter plate 62 and the silt on the surface of the drainage layer 16 toward the mud-leaking plate 5. The mud falls into the mud-collecting shell 71 of the mud-collecting component 7 through the mud-leaking plate 5. When cleaning is required, pull the handle 75 on the mud-collecting shell 71, which drives the L-shaped slider 74 to compress the reset spring 73 and slide along the L-shaped slide groove 72. After disengaging from the installation groove 163, the mud-collecting shell 71 can be removed to clean the internal blockage. Through the synergistic effect of the anti-blocking component 6's filtration and the mud-collecting component 7's collection and cleaning, the problem of blockage remaining on the tunnel surface is effectively solved.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining support and drainage structure, comprising a tunnel body (1), characterized in that: A drive assembly (2) is provided at the lower end of the tunnel body (1). The outer surface of the drive assembly (2) is engaged with a scraper conveyor belt (3). The drive assembly (2) is used to drive the scraper conveyor belt (3) to run. A water seepage plate (4) is movably installed at the lower end of the tunnel body (1). A mud leakage plate (5) is movably installed at the lower end of the tunnel body (1). An anti-clogging assembly (6) is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the lower end of the tunnel body (1). The anti-clogging assembly (6) is used to prevent the water holes of the water seepage plate (4) from being blocked. A mud accumulation assembly (7) is movably installed in the inner cavity of the lower end of the tunnel body (1). The mud accumulation assembly (7) is used to collect silt and facilitate cleaning. The scraper conveyor belt (3) is used to scrape off the silt on the surface of the drainage layer (16) and transport it to the mud accumulation assembly (7). The mud leakage plate (5) is used to make the silt scraped off by the scraper (32) fall into the mud accumulation assembly (7).

2. The tunnel lining support and drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel body (1) includes a primary lining layer (11) and a permeable layer (12) disposed on the inner surface of the primary lining layer (11). A drainage cavity (13) is disposed on the inner surface of the permeable layer (12). A waterproof layer (14) is disposed on the inner surface of the drainage cavity (13). A secondary lining layer (15) is disposed on the inner surface of the waterproof layer (14). A drainage layer (16) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the secondary lining layer (15). A drainage pipe (17) is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the drainage layer (16).

3. The tunnel lining support and drainage structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drainage layer (16) includes an anti-clogging installation cavity (161) and a mud accumulation installation cavity (162), and the mud accumulation installation cavity (162) is provided with an installation groove (163).

4. The tunnel lining support and drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (2) includes a rotating shaft (21) and a drive wheel (22) fixedly installed at one end of the rotating shaft (21). A driven wheel (23) is fixedly installed at one end of the drive wheel (22). A motor (24) is fixedly installed at one end of the drive wheel (22). A motor mounting plate (25) is installed at the bottom of the motor (24). One end of the motor mounting plate (25) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the tunnel body (1).

5. The tunnel lining support and drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper conveyor belt (3) includes a conveyor belt (31) and four scrapers (32) fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveyor belt (31).

6. A tunnel lining support and drainage structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-clogging component (6) includes a mounting plate (61) and a filter plate (62) fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (61). Two corresponding guide plates (63) are installed at the lower end of the mounting plate (61). The mounting plate (61) is located in the anti-clogging mounting cavity (161). Connecting blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the mounting plate (61) and slidably connected to the inner wall of the anti-clogging mounting cavity (161). Protrusion shafts (64) are rotatably connected to both ends of the inner wall of the anti-clogging mounting cavity (161). A uniformly distributed fan blade (65) is fixedly installed at one end of the protrusion shaft (64). A sliding plate (66) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate (61). A detachable grid (67) is provided on the top of the mounting plate (61). A top rod (68) corresponding to the water passage hole on the permeable plate is fixedly connected to the top of the grid (67). The diameter of the top rod (68) is smaller than the diameter of the water passage hole.

7. A tunnel lining support and drainage structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mud collection assembly (7) includes a mud collection shell (71) and L-shaped grooves (72) formed at both ends of the mud collection shell (71). A return spring (73) is fixedly installed at one end of the L-shaped groove (72), and an L-shaped slider (74) is fixedly installed at one end of the return spring (73). The L-shaped slider (74) is locked into the mounting groove (163) for fixation. A handle (75) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the L-shaped slider (74).

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