Water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation

Abstract

The utility model belongs to photovoltaic equipment cleaning technical field, concretely relates to a water -saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water and sand separation, including a plurality of photovoltaic panels, the upper portion of which is provided with a spraying assembly, the lower portion of which is provided with a water receiving assembly, the water receiving assembly is connected with the water and sand separation assembly, the water and sand separation assembly is connected with the water circulation assembly, the water circulation assembly is connected with the power system, and the power system and the water circulation assembly are electrically connected with the control system; the device is integrated with the spraying assembly, the water receiving assembly, the water and sand separation assembly, the water circulation assembly, the power system and the control system, realizes the closed loop recycling of cleaning water, reduces water resource consumption, and can efficiently remove sand particles through the centrifugal water and sand separation technology, reduces the risk of nozzle blockage, simultaneously utilizes the structure of photovoltaic panel self -power supply and is applicable to the area without power grid, and the overall structure is simple and reliable, convenient to maintain, is especially suitable for the efficient operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power station in arid sand area, and gives consideration to water saving, economy and environmental adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic equipment cleaning technology, specifically relating to a water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water and sand separation. Background Technology

[0002] In arid and windy areas such as Bachu County in Xinjiang, sand and dust easily accumulate on the surface of solar photovoltaic panels, leading to a significant decrease in light transmittance and severely impacting power generation efficiency. Current photovoltaic panel cleaning technologies face multiple limitations in addressing this issue: First, manual rinsing consumes a large amount of water, which is especially costly in water-scarce areas, and also presents problems such as high labor intensity, low efficiency, and risks associated with working at heights. Traditional mechanical cleaning equipment (such as vehicle-mounted scrubbers and fixed-track cleaning vehicles) has a complex structure and relies on external power grids or fuel power, resulting in high investment and maintenance costs, limiting its application in desert edges and independent photovoltaic power station scenarios. While some automated cleaning devices improve automation, they generally rely on AI visual recognition systems, sensor networks, and grid power, resulting in high system complexity, high cost, insufficient reliability in sandy environments, and maintenance difficulties, and have not effectively solved the technological bottleneck of water resource recycling.

[0003] Secondly, while existing simple spraying devices have simplified structures, they suffer from drawbacks such as easy nozzle clogging, lack of sand-containing wastewater recycling and treatment, and serious water waste. Especially in arid and dusty areas, traditional technologies struggle to balance water conservation needs with cleaning effectiveness, resulting in high operation and maintenance costs for independent photovoltaic power plants. Therefore, developing a photovoltaic panel cleaning device that is simple in structure, significantly water-saving, self-powered, and easy to maintain has become a key requirement for solving the efficient operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power plants in arid and dusty areas. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation, which solves the problems of high water consumption, low efficiency, and easy clogging in existing photovoltaic panel cleaning technologies involving manual rinsing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation is provided, comprising several photovoltaic panels, a spray assembly above the photovoltaic panels, and a water receiving assembly below the photovoltaic panels. The water receiving assembly is connected to a water-sand separation assembly. The water-sand separation assembly includes a centrifugal water-sand separation cylinder, which has a water vortex chamber and a sedimentation chamber inside. The input end of the water vortex chamber is connected to the output end of the water receiving assembly, and the water vortex chamber has guide vanes inside. The output end of the water vortex chamber is connected to a water circulation assembly. The sedimentation chamber is located at the bottom of the water vortex chamber, and the output end of the bottom of the sedimentation chamber is connected to the water circulation assembly. The water circulation assembly is connected to a power system, and both the power system and the water circulation assembly are electrically connected to a control system.

[0006] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the photovoltaic panel cleaning device integrates spray components, water receiving components, water and sand separation components, water circulation components, power system and control system, realizing closed-loop recycling of cleaning water, reducing water consumption and improving cleaning efficiency. The spray assembly features three spray modes, allowing for adjustment of the water output according to different cleaning needs and climatic conditions, thus improving cleaning efficiency and reducing water waste. The water collection assembly facilitates the convergence and collection of cleaning water, improving water recycling efficiency. The water-sand separation assembly includes a centrifugal water-sand separation cylinder, which contains a water vortex chamber and a sedimentation chamber. The sand-laden cleaning water after cleaning the photovoltaic panels enters the water vortex chamber at high speed tangentially, forming a high-speed vortex under the action of the guide vanes. Sand particles are thrown against the wall of the centrifugal water-sand separation cylinder under centrifugal force and sink to the sedimentation chamber. The purified cleaning water flows out from the top, thus achieving efficient separation of sand particles and impurities in the cleaning water and significantly reducing the risk of nozzle clogging. The water circulation assembly then re-transports the cleaning water purified by the centrifugal water-sand separation cylinder back to the spray pipe, forming a closed-loop circulation system. This maximizes the utilization of water resources, making it suitable for water-scarce areas, reducing cleaning costs, and decreasing dependence on external water resources, thereby improving the practicality and adaptability of the photovoltaic panel cleaning device. In addition, the power system directly uses the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels to drive the water circulation components without the need for an external power grid. This makes the device suitable for independent photovoltaic power stations in remote, grid-free areas such as deserts and Gobi, reducing energy costs and installation difficulty, and improving the practicality and economy of the device. The control system is used to control the start and stop of the water circulation components. Users can set the cleaning time according to actual needs, realizing automated cleaning and improving cleaning efficiency and convenience.

[0007] Furthermore, the spray assembly includes several spray pipes, which are mounted on the upper edge of the photovoltaic panel via a bracket. Several controllable nozzles are evenly arranged on the spray pipes, and each controllable nozzle includes a rotatable nozzle head. By rotating the nozzle head, the spray can be switched between three water output modes: dripping, beam spraying, and high-pressure spraying.

[0008] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the rotatable and switchable nozzle heads of several controllable nozzles enable flexible selection of three water output modes: dripping, beam spraying, and high-pressure spraying. They can quickly adjust the water output mode according to different cleaning needs (such as preliminary wetting, regular cleaning, and removal of stubborn stains) and climatic conditions, thereby improving the diversity and adaptability of photovoltaic panel cleaning. This ensures the cleaning effect, effectively saves water resources, and reduces the problems of low cleaning efficiency and water waste caused by a single nozzle mode.

[0009] Furthermore, several controllable nozzles are equipped with removable threaded end caps at their front ends.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the detachable threaded end caps set at the front end of several controllable nozzles significantly improve the convenience of maintenance and the ability to prevent clogging. When the nozzle is clogged due to water quality or long-term use and the accumulation of impurities, the user can quickly remove the threaded end caps for cleaning without replacing the entire nozzle, which reduces maintenance costs and time and ensures that the nozzle is always in good working condition, thereby ensuring the continuous and efficient cleaning of photovoltaic panels.

[0011] Furthermore, a tangential water inlet is provided on the upper part of the side wall of the water vortex chamber, and the tangential water inlet is connected to the water receiving component through the first water guide pipe; a clean water outlet is provided at the top of the water vortex chamber, and the clean water outlet is connected to the input end of the water circulation component through the second water guide pipe.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the tangential water inlet set on the upper part of the side wall of the water cyclone chamber is connected to the water receiving component through the first water guide pipe, which allows the sand-containing washing water to enter the water cyclone chamber at high speed along the tangential direction, forming a stable cyclone effect and effectively improving the water-sand separation efficiency; at the same time, the clean water outlet set at the top of the water cyclone chamber is connected to the water circulation component through the second water guide pipe, ensuring that the separated clean water can flow back to the circulation system smoothly, realizing the efficient purification and closed-loop recycling of the washing water. This not only solves the problem of serious water waste in traditional spraying devices, but also reduces the risk of nozzle clogging through the centrifugal force of the cyclone, significantly improving the applicability and economy of the device in arid sandy areas.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide vanes are detachably connected to the inner wall of the water vortex cavity, the tangential tilt angle of the guide vanes is 15-20°, and the surface of the guide vanes is provided with a hydrophobic coating.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the guide vanes are detachably connected to the inner wall of the water cyclone chamber, which facilitates later maintenance and replacement, reducing equipment operation and maintenance costs. The tangential tilt angle of the guide vanes is set at 15-20°, which can effectively optimize the cyclone field distribution, improve water and sand separation efficiency, and reduce energy loss. The hydrophobic coating on the surface of the guide vanes can prevent sand particles and scale from adhering, further reducing the risk of blockage and extending the service life of the guide vanes, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the centrifugal water and sand separation cylinder and improving the applicability and reliability of the photovoltaic panel cleaning device in arid and dusty environments.

[0015] Furthermore, the settling chamber is inverted cone shape, and a sand discharge port is provided at the bottom of the settling chamber.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the sand settling chamber adopts an inverted conical structure, which can use gravity to allow the separated sand particles to settle naturally and concentrate at the bottom of the sand settling chamber, effectively avoiding the decrease in separation efficiency caused by the accumulation of sand particles in the sand settling chamber. The sand discharge port set at the bottom of the sand settling chamber facilitates the periodic manual discharge of accumulated sand, preventing the sand settling chamber from becoming blocked, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the water and sand separation system, improving the water and sand separation effect, and ensuring the water-saving performance and reliability of the device in arid sandy areas.

[0017] Furthermore, the water receiving component includes a V-shaped water receiving groove, which is disposed at the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel, and the water inlet of the V-shaped water receiving groove is connected to the tangential water inlet.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The V-shaped water receiving trough is set at the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel, which can collect the cleaning water flowing down the surface of the photovoltaic panel, reducing water loss. In addition, the outlet of the V-shaped water receiving trough is connected to the tangential inlet of the water-sand separation component, ensuring that the sand-containing cleaning water can quickly enter the centrifugal separation cylinder for purification treatment, thereby optimizing the water flow path, improving the water recovery rate, and avoiding the pollution of the environment by the leakage of cleaning water, thus enhancing the water-saving performance of the device in arid areas.

[0019] Furthermore, a foldable dust cover is installed above the V-shaped water receiving trough.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The foldable dustproof cover installed above the V-shaped water receiving tank can completely cover the V-shaped water receiving tank during non-cleaning periods or windy weather, effectively preventing sand and dust from falling into the tank and contaminating the cleaning water, thus ensuring the cleanliness of the recycled cleaning water; and the dustproof cover can be unfolded during cleaning operations or rainwater collection, which reduces the impurity content in the cleaning water, reduces the load on the water-sand separation system and the risk of nozzle clogging, and avoids the maintenance work of frequently cleaning the V-shaped water receiving tank, thereby improving the applicability and operational stability of the device in arid and windy areas.

[0021] Furthermore, the water circulation component includes a water storage tank, with the water inlet at the top of the water storage tank connected to the clean water outlet; the water outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank is connected to the water inlet of the DC water pump via a fourth water guide pipe, and the water outlet at the bottom of the DC water pump is connected to several spray pipes.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the water circulation component stores the purified water after centrifugal separation of water and sand in a water storage tank. Its top water inlet is connected to the purified water outlet of the separation cylinder, ensuring the return of purified water. The circulating cleaning water in the water storage tank is pressurized by the bottom water outlet and the DC water pump and then transported to the spray pipe, forming a closed circulation path. This maximizes the utilization of water resources, reduces the water consumption for cleaning photovoltaic panels in arid areas, and ensures the stability of spray pressure through the pressurization of the DC water pump, thereby improving cleaning efficiency and solving the problems of serious water waste and unstable cleaning effect in traditional methods.

[0023] Furthermore, the power system includes a photovoltaic power supply module, the input terminal of which is connected to a step-down voltage regulator module, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminals of several photovoltaic panels, and the output terminal of which is connected to a DC water pump. The control system is located between the photovoltaic power supply module and the DC water pump. The control system is a mechanical timer or a manual switch.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The power system uses a photovoltaic power supply module connected to the output end of the photovoltaic panel, which can provide power to the DC water pump without the need for an external power grid, realizing off-grid self-powered operation, significantly reducing energy costs and installation difficulty, and is particularly suitable for remote areas without power grids; The control system controls the start and stop of the DC water pump through a mechanical timer or manual switch, which is simple and reliable in structure, avoiding the risk of failure of complex electronic components in the sandy environment, while allowing users to flexibly adjust the cleaning time according to actual needs. It not only solves the problem of traditional cleaning methods relying on external power supply, but also improves the stability and maintenance convenience of the photovoltaic panel cleaning device by simplifying the control structure, further enhancing its economy and applicability in arid sandy areas.

[0025] In summary, the water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects: (1) The photovoltaic panel cleaning device integrates spray components, water receiving components, water and sand separation components, water circulation components, power system and control system to realize the closed-loop recycling of cleaning water, which significantly reduces water consumption. It can also efficiently remove sand particles through centrifugal water and sand separation technology, reducing the risk of nozzle clogging. At the same time, the structure of photovoltaic panels that are self-powered is suitable for areas without power grids. The overall structure is simple, reliable and easy to maintain, making it particularly suitable for the efficient operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power stations in arid sandy areas. It takes into account water conservation, economy and environmental adaptability.

[0026] (2) The spraying components in the photovoltaic panel cleaning device include a spray pipe fixed above the photovoltaic panel by a bracket and a controllable nozzle. It can flexibly switch between three water output modes: dripping, beam, and high pressure. The mode can be adjusted according to cleaning needs (such as preliminary wetting, regular cleaning, and stubborn stains) and climate conditions, which not only improves the cleaning effect but also reduces water waste. In addition, the detachable threaded end cap at the front end of the controllable nozzle facilitates quick cleaning of blockages, reduces maintenance costs, and ensures long-term stable operation.

[0027] (3) The water receiving component in the photovoltaic panel cleaning device adopts a V-shaped water receiving trough, which can collect the cleaning water flowing down the photovoltaic panel, reducing water loss. The water inlet of the V-shaped water receiving trough is connected to the water and sand separation component, ensuring that the cleaning water quickly enters the centrifugal water and sand separation cylinder. The foldable dustproof cover plate set above the V-shaped water receiving trough can cover the trough body during non-cleaning periods or windy weather to prevent sand and dust pollution and ensure the cleanliness of the recycled water.

[0028] (4) The water and sand separation component in the photovoltaic panel cleaning device can make the sand-containing washing water form a high-speed vortex through the tangential water inlet of the centrifugal water and sand separation cylinder. The centrifugal force throws the sand particles against the cylinder wall and sinks into the sand settling chamber. The purified water flows out from the clean water outlet at the top, while the inverted cone-shaped sand settling chamber facilitates the natural settling of sand particles. The sand discharge port at the bottom of the sand settling chamber is easy to clean regularly to prevent blockage.

[0029] (5) The water circulation component in the photovoltaic panel cleaning device stores the separated clean water in a water storage tank, and then pressurizes it with a DC water pump before sending it back to the spray pipe, forming a closed circulation path. This maximizes the utilization of water resources, significantly reduces the amount of water used for cleaning in arid areas, and ensures the stability of the spray pressure by pressurizing with a DC water pump, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency and solving the problem of serious water waste and unstable effect of traditional methods.

[0030] (6) The power system in the photovoltaic panel cleaning device directly utilizes the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel to drive the DC water pump through the photovoltaic power supply module and the step-down voltage stabilization module. It does not require an external power grid and realizes off-grid self-powered operation, which significantly reduces energy costs and installation difficulty. It is particularly suitable for remote areas without power grids. At the same time, it improves system reliability by simplifying the power transmission path.

[0031] (7) The control system of the photovoltaic panel cleaning device adopts a mechanical timer or manual switch to control the start and stop of the DC water pump. The structure is simple and reliable, avoiding the risk of failure of complex electronic components in the sandy environment. Moreover, users can flexibly set the cleaning time according to actual needs, realizing automated cleaning, improving convenience and efficiency, and further enhancing the economy and applicability of the device in arid sandy areas. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water-sand separation cylinder of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the controllable nozzle in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the V-shaped water receiving groove in this utility model; The components include: 1. Photovoltaic panel; 2. Centrifugal water-sand separation cylinder; 3. Water vortex chamber; 4. Sedimentation chamber; 5. Guide vane; 6. Spray pipe; 7. Controllable nozzle; 8. Nozzle head; 9. Threaded end cap; 10. Tangential water inlet; 11. First water guide pipe; 12. Clean water outlet; 13. Second water guide pipe; 14. Sand discharge port; 15. V-shaped water receiving trough; 16. Water inlet; 17. Dustproof cover; 18. Water storage tank; 19. Fourth water guide pipe; 20. DC water pump; 21. Buckle. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model. However, it should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of this utility model as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious. All utility model creations utilizing the concept of this utility model are within the scope of protection.

[0034] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation provided by this utility model includes several photovoltaic panels 1. A spraying assembly is arranged above the photovoltaic panels 1, and a water receiving assembly is arranged below the photovoltaic panels 1. The water receiving assembly is connected to a water-sand separation assembly. The output end of the water-sand separation assembly is connected to a water circulation assembly. The water circulation assembly is connected to a power system. Both the power system and the water circulation assembly are electrically connected to a control system. This photovoltaic panel 1 cleaning device achieves closed-loop recycling of cleaning water by integrating the spraying assembly, water receiving assembly, water-sand separation assembly, water circulation assembly, power system, and control system, significantly reducing water consumption. It can efficiently remove sand particles through centrifugal water-sand separation technology, reducing the risk of nozzle clogging. At the same time, the self-powered structure of the photovoltaic panels 1 is suitable for areas without power grids. The overall structure is simple, reliable, and easy to maintain, making it particularly suitable for the efficient operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power stations in arid sandy areas, taking into account water conservation, economy, and environmental adaptability.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the spray assembly includes several spray pipes 6, which are mounted on the upper edge of the photovoltaic panel 1 via a bracket. Several controllable nozzles 7 are evenly arranged on the spray pipes 6. Each controllable nozzle 7 includes a rotatable nozzle head 8, which can be rotated to switch between three water output modes: dripping, beam spraying, and high-pressure spraying. In use, rotating the nozzle head 8 allows for flexible selection of the three water output modes, enabling quick adjustment of the water output mode according to different cleaning needs (such as preliminary wetting, regular cleaning, and removal of stubborn stains) and climatic conditions. This improves the versatility and adaptability of cleaning the photovoltaic panel 1, ensuring cleaning effectiveness while effectively saving water resources. It also reduces the problems of low cleaning efficiency and water waste caused by a single nozzle mode.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, several controllable nozzles 7 are provided with detachable threaded end caps 9 at their front ends; when the nozzle is clogged due to water quality or long-term use, the user can quickly remove the threaded end caps 9 for cleaning without replacing the entire nozzle, reducing maintenance costs and time, ensuring that the nozzle is always in good working condition, thereby ensuring the continuous and efficient cleaning of the photovoltaic panel 1.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the water receiving assembly includes a V-shaped water receiving trough 15, which is located at the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 1. The water inlet 16 of the V-shaped water receiving trough 15 is connected to the tangential water inlet 10. The V-shaped water receiving trough 15 can collect the cleaning water flowing down the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1, reducing water loss. Furthermore, the outlet of the V-shaped water receiving trough 15 is connected to the tangential water inlet 10 of the water-sand separation assembly, ensuring that the sand-containing cleaning water can quickly enter the centrifugal separator for purification. This optimizes the water flow path, improves the water recovery rate, and avoids environmental pollution from cleaning water leakage, thus enhancing the water-saving performance of the device in arid regions.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, a foldable dust cover 17 is installed above the V-shaped water receiving trough 15. The dust cover 17 is composed of multiple independent panels connected by waterproof hinges, which can be flipped and folded 180° and locked to both sides of the V-shaped water receiving trough 15 by buckles 21 when unfolded. In use, the dust cover 17 can completely cover the V-shaped water receiving trough 15 during non-cleaning periods or windy weather, effectively preventing sand and dust from falling into the trough and contaminating the cleaning water, thus ensuring the cleanliness of the recycled cleaning water. Moreover, the dust cover 17 can be unfolded during cleaning operations or rainwater collection, which reduces the impurity content in the cleaning water, reduces the load on the water-sand separation system and the risk of nozzle clogging, and avoids the maintenance work of frequently cleaning the water receiving trough, thereby improving the applicability and operational stability of the device in arid and windy areas.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water-sand separation component includes a centrifugal water-sand separation cylinder 2. The centrifugal water-sand separation cylinder 2 has a water cyclone chamber 3 and a sedimentation chamber 4 inside. A tangential inlet 10 is provided on the upper side wall of the water cyclone chamber 3, and the tangential inlet 10 is connected to the outlet of a V-shaped water receiving trough 15 via a first water guide pipe 11. A clean water outlet 12 is provided at the top of the water cyclone chamber 3, and the clean water outlet 12 is connected to the input end of the water circulation component via a second water guide pipe 13. The water cyclone chamber 3 is further equipped with… The device includes guide vanes 5, which are detachably connected to the water vortex cavity 3. Specifically, the inner wall of the water vortex cavity 3 has an annular groove with a depth of 3-5 mm. The fixed end of the guide vane 5 has an L-shaped locking foot, the thickness and size of which match the dimensions of the annular groove. After the guide vane 5 is inserted into the annular groove, rotating it tangentially by 15-20° locks the L-shaped locking foot within the groove, and then securing it with bolts to prevent vibration-induced displacement. The device also includes 3-4 guide vanes 5 with a tangential angle of 15-20° and a hydrophobic coating on their surface. In use, the water enters the centrifugal water-sand separator 2 through the V-shaped water inlet 15, tangentially through the first water guide pipe 11 and the tangential water inlet 10. This creates a stable swirling effect within the swirling chamber 3, effectively improving the water-sand separation efficiency. Simultaneously, the clean water outlet 12 at the top of the swirling chamber 3 is connected to the water circulation component via the second water guide pipe 13, ensuring that the separated clean water can smoothly return to the circulation system. This achieves efficient purification and closed-loop recycling of the cleaning water, solving the problem of severe water waste in traditional spray devices and reducing the risk of nozzle clogging through the centrifugal force of the swirling flow. This significantly improves the applicability and economy of the device in arid sandy areas.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the sedimentation chamber 4 is inverted cone shape, and a sand discharge port 14 is provided at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 4. The inverted cone structure of the sedimentation chamber 4 allows the separated sand particles to settle naturally and concentrate at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 4 by gravity, effectively avoiding the decrease in separation efficiency caused by the accumulation of sand particles in the sedimentation chamber 4. The sand discharge port 14 at the bottom of the sedimentation chamber 4 facilitates the periodic manual discharge of accumulated sand, preventing the sedimentation chamber 4 from becoming blocked, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the water and sand separation system, improving the water and sand separation effect, and ensuring the water-saving performance and reliability of the device in arid sandy areas.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, the water circulation component includes a water storage tank 18, with the inlet at the top of the tank connected to the purified water outlet 12. The outlet at the bottom of the tank 18 is connected to the inlet of a DC water pump 20 via a fourth water guide pipe 19, and the outlet at the bottom of the DC water pump 20 is connected to several spray pipes 6. The water circulation component stores the purified water after centrifugal sand separation in the water storage tank 18, and its top inlet is connected to the purified water outlet 12 of the separation cylinder, ensuring the return of purified water. The circulating cleaning water in the water storage tank 18 is pressurized by the bottom outlet and the DC water pump 20 and then transported to the spray pipes 6, forming a closed circulation path. This maximizes the utilization of water resources, reduces the water consumption for cleaning the photovoltaic panels 1 in arid areas, and ensures the stability of the spray pressure by pressurizing the spray pipes through the DC water pump 20, thereby improving cleaning efficiency and solving the problems of serious water waste and unstable cleaning effect in traditional methods.

[0042] In this invention, the power system includes a photovoltaic power supply module. The input terminal of the photovoltaic power supply module is connected to a step-down voltage regulator module, and the input terminal of the step-down voltage regulator module is connected to the output terminals of several photovoltaic panels 1. The output terminal of the photovoltaic power supply module is connected to a DC water pump 20. The control system is located between the photovoltaic power supply module and the DC water pump 20, and the control system is a mechanical timer or a manual switch. In use, the power system uses the connection between the photovoltaic power supply module and the output terminal of the photovoltaic panel 1 to provide power to the DC water pump 20 without the need for an external power grid, realizing off-grid self-powered operation, significantly reducing energy costs and installation difficulty, and is particularly suitable for remote areas without power grids. The control system controls the start and stop of the DC water pump 20 through a mechanical timer or a manual switch, which is simple and reliable in structure, avoids the risk of failure of complex electronic components in sandy environments, and allows users to flexibly adjust the cleaning time according to actual needs. This solves the problem of traditional cleaning methods relying on external power sources, and improves the stability and maintenance convenience of the photovoltaic panel 1 cleaning device by simplifying the control structure, further enhancing its economy and applicability in arid sandy areas.

[0043] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: First, the spray assembly installed above the photovoltaic panel 1 performs spray cleaning through the controllable nozzle 7. The controllable nozzle 7 can switch between three modes—drip spray, beam spray, or high-pressure spray—by manually rotating the nozzle head 8 according to actual cleaning needs and weather conditions, to flexibly and efficiently clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1. During the cleaning process, the water flow carries the sand and dust on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 down the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1 and is collected by the V-shaped water collection trough 15 located at the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel 1. The foldable dustproof cover 17 set above 5 can be unfolded during cleaning, effectively preventing external sand and dust from falling into the tank and ensuring the cleanliness of the recycled cleaning water. Subsequently, the sand-containing cleaning water is transported to the tangential inlet 10 of the centrifugal water-sand separation cylinder 2 through the first water guide pipe 11. A high-speed swirling field is formed inside the centrifugal water-sand separation cylinder 2. Under the action of centrifugal force, the sand particles are thrown against the cylinder wall of the centrifugal water-sand separation cylinder 2 and sink to the bottom sedimentation chamber 4. The purified water flows out from the clean water outlet 12 at the top to complete the efficient separation of water and sand. After separation, the purified water enters the water storage tank 18 for temporary storage. The purified water in the water storage tank 18 is pressurized by the DC water pump 20 and then transported back to the spray pipe 6, forming a closed water circulation path, which maximizes the utilization of the cleaning water. During the water circulation process, the DC power generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 is transmitted to the step-down voltage regulator module through the photovoltaic power supply module. The step-down voltage regulator module adjusts the voltage to the working voltage required by the DC water pump 20 and directly powers the water pump without the need for an external power grid, thus realizing the off-grid self-powered operation of the device. The control system can flexibly control the start and stop of the DC water pump 20 according to actual needs through a mechanical timer or manual switch, which not only ensures the timely execution of the cleaning operation, but also avoids the potential failure risk of complex electronic components in the dusty environment.

[0044] In summary, the water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation provided by this utility model integrates a spraying component, a water receiving component, a water-sand separation component, a water circulation component, a power system, and a control system. This achieves closed-loop recycling of cleaning water, significantly reducing water consumption. Furthermore, it can efficiently remove sand particles through centrifugal water-sand separation technology, reducing the risk of nozzle clogging. At the same time, the self-powered structure of the photovoltaic panel 1 is suitable for areas without power grids. Moreover, the overall structure is simple, reliable, and easy to maintain, making it particularly suitable for the efficient operation and maintenance of photovoltaic power stations in arid sandy areas. It takes into account water conservation, economy, and environmental adaptability.

Claims

1. A water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation, characterized in that: The system includes several photovoltaic panels (1), a spray assembly is provided above the photovoltaic panels (1), and a water receiving assembly is provided below the photovoltaic panels (1). The water receiving assembly is connected to a water and sand separation assembly. The water and sand separation assembly includes a centrifugal water and sand separation cylinder (2). The centrifugal water and sand separation cylinder (2) has a water vortex chamber (3) and a sedimentation chamber (4) inside. The input end of the water vortex chamber (3) is connected to the output end of the water receiving assembly. The water vortex chamber (3) has guide vanes (5) inside. The output end of the water vortex chamber (3) is connected to a water circulation assembly. The sedimentation chamber (4) is located at the bottom of the water vortex chamber (3). The output end of the bottom of the sedimentation chamber (4) is connected to the water circulation assembly. The water circulation assembly is connected to a power system. The power system and the water circulation assembly are both electrically connected to a control system.

2. The water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray assembly includes several spray pipes (6), which are mounted on the upper edge of the photovoltaic panel (1) via a bracket. Several controllable nozzles (7) are evenly arranged on the spray pipes (6). Each controllable nozzle (7) includes a rotatable nozzle head (8). By rotating the nozzle head (8), the spray can be switched between three water output modes: dripping, beam spraying, and high-pressure spraying.

3. The water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Several of the aforementioned control-type nozzles (7) are provided with a removable threaded end cap (9) at their front ends.

4. The water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side wall of the water vortex chamber (3) is provided with a tangential water inlet (10), which is connected to the water receiving component through a first water guide pipe (11); the top of the water vortex chamber (3) is provided with a clean water outlet (12), which is connected to the input end of the water circulation component through a second water guide pipe (13).

5. The water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide vane (5) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the water vortex cavity (3), the tangential tilt angle of the guide vane (5) is 15-20°, and the surface of the guide vane (5) is provided with a hydrophobic coating.

6. The water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The settling chamber (4) is inverted cone shape, and a sand discharge port (14) is provided at the bottom of the settling chamber (4).

7. The water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water receiving assembly includes a V-shaped water receiving groove (15), which is located at the lower edge of the photovoltaic panel (1). The water inlet (16) of the V-shaped water receiving groove (15) is connected to the tangential water inlet (10).

8. The water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation according to claim 7, characterized in that: A foldable dustproof cover (17) is provided above the V-shaped water receiving trough (15).

9. The water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water circulation assembly includes a water storage tank (18), the water inlet at the top of the water storage tank (18) is connected to the clean water outlet (12); the water outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank (18) is connected to the water inlet of a DC water pump (20) through a fourth water guide pipe (19), and the water outlet at the bottom of the DC water pump (20) is connected to several spray pipes (6).

10. The water-saving photovoltaic panel cleaning device based on centrifugal water-sand separation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power system includes a photovoltaic power supply module, the input end of which is connected to a step-down voltage regulator module, the input end of which is connected to the output end of several photovoltaic panels (1), and the output end of which is connected to a DC water pump (20). The control system is located between the photovoltaic power supply module and the DC water pump (20), and the control system is a mechanical timer or a manual switch.

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