Battery system and electric device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a battery system and a power utilization device. The battery system comprises at least two battery groups, wherein the at least two battery groups are respectively used for providing a first voltage to a first load through a first power supply circuit, and wherein at least one battery group is further used for providing a second voltage to a second load through a second power supply circuit; wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage; the second power supply circuit is further used for being connected in parallel with a vehicle-mounted power supply circuit, and the vehicle-mounted power supply circuit is used for providing the second voltage to the second load, so that the redundancy backup power supply of the high-voltage load and the low-voltage load simultaneously provided for the power utilization device can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery system and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0002] In current electric vehicle systems, the power source typically includes a high-voltage power battery pack and a low-voltage battery. The high-voltage power battery pack primarily provides power to the vehicle's drive loads, while the low-voltage battery mainly powers the vehicle's low-voltage loads, such as low-voltage electrical appliances and intelligent driver assistance systems.

[0003] A stable power supply for the vehicle drive is essential for driving stability, while a stable power supply for low-voltage loads is essential for safe vehicle use. In order to meet the requirements of driving stability and safe vehicle use, there is an urgent need to provide a battery system that can provide redundant power supply for both the vehicle drive load and the low-voltage load within the vehicle. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery system and an electrical device designed to provide redundant backup power for both high-voltage and low-voltage loads.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, a battery system is provided, comprising:

[0007] At least two battery packs, wherein at least two battery packs respectively provide a first voltage to a first load through a first power supply circuit, and at least one battery pack provides a second voltage to a second load through a second power supply circuit; wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage;

[0008] The second power supply circuit is also used to connect in parallel with the vehicle power supply circuit, which is used to provide a second voltage for the second load.

[0009] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a first power supply circuit can be used to provide a first voltage to a first load, and a second power supply circuit can be used to provide a second voltage to a second load. At least two battery packs can each provide the first voltage to the first load through the first power supply circuit. If one battery pack malfunctions, at least one other battery pack can provide the first voltage to the first load through the first power supply circuit, improving the power supply stability of the first load and reducing safety hazards caused by power failure. Conversely, at least one battery pack can provide the second voltage to the second load through the second power supply circuit. If the vehicle power supply circuit malfunctions, at least one battery pack can provide power to the second load through the second power supply circuit, improving the power supply stability of the second load and reducing safety hazards caused by power failure. This ensures that both the first and second loads can be powered by at least two power supply circuits.

[0010] In one implementation of the first aspect, at least one of the first and second power supply circuits includes a voltage conversion circuit for converting the input voltage into a first voltage or a second voltage.

[0011] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the input voltage is converted into a first voltage or a second voltage through a voltage conversion circuit, thereby enabling the battery system to be configured with battery packs of different voltages and capacities, and allowing for flexible design of battery pack combinations according to user needs.

[0012] In one implementation of the first aspect, at least two battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack; the first battery pack and the second battery pack provide a first voltage to a first load through a first power supply circuit, and the second battery pack provides a second voltage to a second load through a second power supply circuit; the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0013] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first battery pack and the second battery pack can respectively provide a first voltage to the first load through a first power supply circuit, and the first battery pack and the second battery pack can respectively provide a second voltage to the second load through a second power supply circuit. In the event of an anomaly in one of the battery packs, the other normal battery pack can provide the first voltage to the first load through the first power supply circuit, thereby improving the power supply stability of the first load and reducing safety hazards caused by power failure of the first load. On the other hand, the second battery pack can also provide a second voltage to the second load through a second power supply circuit. In the event of an anomaly in the vehicle power supply circuit, the second battery pack can provide a second voltage to the second load, thereby improving the power supply stability of the second load and reducing safety hazards caused by power failure of the second load. This ensures that both the first load and the second load can be powered by at least two power supply circuits, and at least one power supply circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit, which can provide redundant power to both the first load and the second load simultaneously, thus improving the stable operation of the vehicle's internal electronic control system and drive system.

[0014] In one implementation of the first aspect, a first battery pack and a second battery pack are used to connect to the first load to output a first voltage to the first load; the second battery pack is connected to a voltage conversion circuit to output a second voltage to the second load through the voltage conversion circuit.

[0015] In the above scheme, the battery system can provide redundant power to the first load through the first battery pack and the first power supply circuit, so that the first load in the electrical device has at least two independent power sources. When one power source malfunctions or fails, the other normal power source can continue to supply power to the first load, allowing the first load to continue operating normally without being affected by the malfunctioning power source. Similarly, the battery system can also provide redundant power to the second load through the second power supply circuit, so that the second load in the electrical device has at least two independent power sources. When one power source malfunctions or fails, the other normal power source can continue to supply power to the second load, allowing the second load to continue operating normally without being affected by the malfunctioning power source. By providing redundant backup power to the first and second loads of the electrical device, redundant power supply for the high-voltage and low-voltage power supply systems is achieved, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the electrical device during use. In one implementation of the first aspect, at least two battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack.

[0016] The at least two battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack;

[0017] The first battery pack is used to connect to the first load to output a first voltage to the first load;

[0018] The second battery pack is used to connect to the second load to output a second voltage to the second load;

[0019] The second battery pack is connected to the voltage conversion circuit and is used to output a first voltage to the first load through the voltage conversion circuit.

[0020] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first battery pack can output a first voltage to the first load via a first power supply circuit, and the second battery pack can output a second voltage to the second load via a second power supply circuit. The first power supply circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit, which converts the first voltage provided by the second battery pack into a first voltage. The first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively provide the first voltage to the first load through the voltage conversion circuit. In the event of an abnormality in either the first or second battery pack, another normal battery pack can provide the first voltage to the first load through the first power supply circuit, which can improve the power supply stability of the first load and reduce the safety hazards caused by the power failure of the first load. On the other hand, the second battery pack can provide the second voltage to the second load. In the event of an abnormality in the vehicle power supply circuit, the second battery pack can provide power to the second load through the voltage conversion circuit, which can improve the power supply stability of the second load and reduce the safety hazards caused by the power failure of the second load. This allows both the first load and the second load to have at least two power supply circuits to supply them, providing redundant power to both the first load and the second load simultaneously, which is beneficial to improving the stable operation of the vehicle's internal electronic control system and drive system.

[0021] In one implementation of the first aspect, at least two battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack, and the voltage conversion circuit includes a first voltage conversion device.

[0022] The first battery pack is used to connect to the first load to output a first voltage to the first load;

[0023] The second battery pack is connected to the first voltage conversion device and is used to output a first voltage to the first load through the first voltage conversion device;

[0024] The first battery pack is connected to the first voltage conversion device and is used to output a second voltage to the second load through the first voltage conversion device.

[0025] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first battery pack can output a first voltage to the first load via a first voltage conversion device, and the second battery pack can output a second voltage to the second load via the first voltage conversion device. The first side of the first voltage conversion device is connected to the first battery pack, which can convert the first voltage provided by the first battery pack into a second voltage and output it to the second battery pack or the second load from its second side. The second side of the first voltage conversion device is connected to the second battery pack, which can convert the second voltage provided by the second battery pack into a first voltage and output it to the first battery pack or the first load from its first side. In this way, if the first battery pack malfunctions, the second battery pack can provide the first voltage to the first load through the first voltage conversion device, and if the second battery pack malfunctions, the first battery pack can provide the second voltage to the second load through the first voltage conversion device. This improves the power supply stability of the first and second loads, reduces the safety hazards caused by power failure of the first or second load, and helps to improve the stable operation of the vehicle's internal electronic control system and drive system.

[0026] In one implementation of the first aspect, the first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively provide a first voltage to the first load;

[0027] At least some of the battery cells in the first battery pack or at least some of the battery cells in the second battery pack are connected to the voltage conversion circuit for providing a second voltage to the second load through the voltage conversion circuit.

[0028] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first battery pack and the second battery pack can respectively output a first voltage to the first load through a first power supply circuit. At least some battery cells in the first battery pack can output a second voltage to the second load through a voltage conversion circuit. Some battery cells in the second battery pack can also output a second voltage to the second load through a voltage conversion circuit. In the event of an abnormality in the first battery pack, some normal battery cells in the first battery pack or some normal battery cells in the second battery pack can be selected to provide the first voltage to the first load through the voltage conversion circuit. This provides multiple redundant power supplies for the first load and the second load, reduces the safety hazards caused by power failure of the first load or the second load, and helps to improve the stable operation of the vehicle's internal electronic control system and drive system.

[0029] In one implementation of the first aspect, the first battery pack is used to provide a first voltage to the first load, and the second battery pack is used to provide a second voltage to the second load;

[0030] At least some of the individual cells of the second battery pack are connected to the voltage conversion circuit for providing a first voltage to the first load through the voltage conversion circuit.

[0031] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first battery pack can output a first voltage to the first load, and the second battery pack provides a second voltage to the second load. Some individual battery cells within the second battery pack can provide the first voltage to the first load through a voltage conversion circuit. In the event of an abnormality in the first battery pack, the second battery pack or at least some of the normal battery cells within the first battery pack can be selected to provide the first voltage to the first load through the voltage conversion circuit, thereby providing multiple redundant power supplies to the first load. Alternatively, at least some of the battery cells within the first battery pack can output a second voltage to the second load through the voltage conversion circuit. In the event of an abnormality in the second battery pack, at least some of the normal battery cells within the first battery pack can be selected to provide the second voltage to the second load through the voltage conversion circuit, thereby providing multiple redundant power supplies to the second load. This reduces safety hazards caused by power failure of the first or second load and helps improve the stable operation of the vehicle's internal electronic control system and drive system.

[0032] In one implementation of the first aspect, at least two battery packs include n third battery packs and m fourth battery packs; where n is a positive integer greater than 2 and m is a positive integer;

[0033] At least two of the n third battery packs output a first voltage to the first load through the first power supply circuit;

[0034] The m fourth battery packs provide a second voltage to the second load through the second power supply circuit.

[0035] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the battery system may include n third battery packs and m fourth battery packs. At least two of the n third battery packs output a first voltage to the first load through the first power supply circuit; at least one of the n third battery packs outputs a second voltage to the second load through the second power supply circuit; and the m fourth battery packs provide a second voltage to the second load through the second power supply circuit. By setting multiple power supply circuits to supply power to the first and second loads, if one power supply circuit fails, other power supply circuits can be selected to supply power, thereby improving the power supply stability of the battery system.

[0036] In one implementation of the first aspect, the battery system further includes:

[0037] A third power supply circuit is connected to at least two of the battery packs, and the at least two battery packs charge and discharge each other through the third power supply circuit.

[0038] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, one battery pack in the battery system can charge other battery packs through a third power supply circuit, and other battery packs can also charge the battery pack through the third power supply circuit. This can achieve power balance among multiple battery packs, or select one battery pack as the main battery to supply power to an external load, and other battery packs as backup batteries. When the main battery has low power, the backup batteries can replenish the main battery, thereby improving the battery system's endurance and power supply stability.

[0039] In one implementation of the first aspect, the at least two battery packs include a fifth battery pack and a sixth battery pack;

[0040] The fifth battery pack and the sixth battery pack are connected to the third power supply circuit. The fifth battery pack is used to charge the sixth battery pack through the third power supply circuit, or the sixth battery pack is used to charge the fifth battery pack through the third power supply circuit.

[0041] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the fifth battery pack can charge the sixth battery pack through the third power supply circuit, and the sixth battery pack can also charge the fifth battery pack through the third power supply circuit. In the battery system, either the fifth or sixth battery pack can be selected as the main battery to supply power to the external load, and the other battery pack can be used as a backup battery. When the main battery has a low charge, the backup battery can replenish the main battery, thereby improving the battery system's range and power supply stability.

[0042] In one implementation of the first aspect, the third power supply circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit, and the fifth battery pack and the sixth battery pack are connected to the voltage conversion circuit. The fifth battery pack is used to charge the second battery pack through the voltage conversion circuit, or the sixth battery pack is used to charge the first battery pack through the voltage conversion circuit.

[0043] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the output voltage of the fifth battery pack is different from that of the sixth battery pack. The fifth battery pack can charge the sixth battery pack through a voltage conversion circuit, and the sixth battery pack can also charge the fifth battery pack through a voltage conversion circuit. In the battery system, either the fifth or sixth battery pack can be selected as the main battery to supply power to the external load, while the other battery pack serves as a backup battery. When the main battery's charge is low, the backup battery replenishes the main battery's power, thereby improving the battery system's range and power supply stability.

[0044] In one implementation of the first aspect, the at least two battery packs are connected in parallel, and the battery system further includes:

[0045] A switching circuit, connected to the at least two battery packs, is used to control at least one of the battery packs to be connected to the power supply circuit.

[0046] In this solution, the battery pack is connected to the power supply circuit through a switching circuit, thus expanding the application scenarios of the battery system.

[0047] In one implementation of the first aspect, the battery system further includes:

[0048] A switching circuit, connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, is used to control the first battery pack and / or the second battery pack to connect to the power supply circuit.

[0049] In this solution, a switching circuit is used to control any one or both batteries in the two battery packs to connect to the power supply circuit, meeting the needs of multiple usage scenarios.

[0050] In one implementation of the first aspect, the switching circuit includes:

[0051] A first switch, connected to the first battery pack, is used to control the first battery pack to connect to the power supply circuit;

[0052] The second switch is connected to the second battery pack and is used to control the second battery pack to connect to the power supply circuit.

[0053] In this scheme, different battery packs are controlled by independently set switching devices, which facilitates the control of the first and second battery packs to access the power supply circuit.

[0054] In one implementation of the first aspect, a switching circuit, connected to the at least two battery packs, is used to control the at least two battery packs in series.

[0055] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, at least two battery packs are connected in series by controlling the switching circuit, so that the corresponding battery packs can be selected to be connected in series according to the power consumption or voltage consumption of the load, thereby achieving high power or high voltage output.

[0056] In one implementation of the first aspect, the switching circuit is further used to control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in series.

[0057] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series by controlling the switching circuit, so that the first battery pack and the second battery pack can be connected in series according to the power consumption or voltage consumption of the load, thereby achieving high power or high voltage output.

[0058] In one implementation of the first aspect, the switching circuit includes:

[0059] The third switch is connected to the first terminal of the first battery pack and the second terminal of the second battery pack, and is used for on / off control of the series circuit of the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0060] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the third switch is connected between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, so that the third switch can be controlled to connect the first battery pack and the second battery pack in series according to the power or voltage of the load, thereby achieving high power or high voltage output.

[0061] In one implementation of the first aspect, the battery system further includes:

[0062] A switching circuit, connected to the at least two battery packs, is used to control the at least two battery packs to be connected in series or in parallel.

[0063] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the switching circuit can control at least two battery packs to be connected in series or in parallel, so as to realize the flexible use of the battery system and the flexible adjustment of the battery system voltage platform.

[0064] In one implementation of the first aspect, the battery system further includes:

[0065] A switching circuit, connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, is used to control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in series or in parallel.

[0066] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the switching circuit can control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in series or in parallel, so as to realize the flexible use of the battery system and the flexible adjustment of the battery system voltage platform.

[0067] In one implementation of the first aspect, the switching circuit includes a fourth switch and a fifth switch;

[0068] The fourth switch is connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and is used to control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in series.

[0069] The fifth switch is connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and is used to control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in parallel.

[0070] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the controller can control the switching state of the fourth switch to connect at least two battery packs in series. This allows the controller to select the appropriate battery pack to be connected in series based on the load's power consumption or voltage. Under the same power demand, outputting higher voltage through series-connected battery packs reduces output current, decreases conductor cross-sectional area requirements and line transmission losses, and improves battery system efficiency. The controller can also control the switching state of the fifth switch to connect at least two battery packs in parallel, significantly improving battery life. Furthermore, if one battery pack malfunctions, the controller can select the other battery pack to supply power, enhancing the stability of the battery system.

[0071] In one implementation of the first aspect, the switching circuit includes a sixth switch, which includes at least a first contact group and a second contact group;

[0072] The first contact group is used to control at least two of the battery packs connected in series;

[0073] The second contact group is used to control at least two of the battery packs to be connected in parallel;

[0074] The sixth switch is used to control at least two of the battery packs to be connected in series or in parallel.

[0075] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a sixth switch is provided. The sixth switch includes at least a first contact group that can control two battery packs connected in series and a second contact group that can control two battery packs connected in parallel. By setting a switch that controls the on / off of multiple circuits, the series-parallel switching of two high-voltage battery packs can be realized, thereby achieving flexible use of the battery system and flexible adjustment of the battery system voltage platform, while reducing the complexity of setting up electronic components in the system.

[0076] In one implementation of the first aspect, the at least two battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack. The first battery pack includes a plurality of first battery cells, and the second battery pack includes a plurality of second battery cells. Each of the first battery cells and the second battery cells independently includes one or more of a secondary battery, a supercapacitor, and a primary battery, and at least one of the first battery cells and the second battery cells includes a secondary battery.

[0077] Optionally, both the first battery cell and the second battery cell include a secondary battery;

[0078] Further optionally, the secondary battery includes one or more of the following: lithium secondary battery, sodium secondary battery, flow battery, lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, zinc halide battery, and air battery; the supercapacitor includes one or more of the following: electric double-layer capacitor, pseudocapacitor, and hybrid supercapacitor; and the primary battery includes one or more of the following: lithium primary battery, zinc-manganese dry cell battery, silver-zinc battery, lithium iron battery, and fuel cell.

[0079] In one implementation of the first aspect, the chemical systems of the first cell of the first battery pack and the second cell of the second battery pack are different.

[0080] In one implementation of the first aspect, the volumetric energy density of the first battery cell is in the range of 200Wh / L to 800Wh / L, and the total capacity of the first battery pack is not less than 40kWh.

[0081] The second battery pack meets one of the following conditions:

[0082] (1) When the volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is in the range of 200Wh / L to 800Wh / L, the total capacity of the second battery pack is not less than 20kWh;

[0083] (2) When the volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is in the range of 800Wh / L to 1200Wh / L, the total capacity of the second battery pack is not less than 40kWh;

[0084] (3) When the volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is in the range of 1200Wh / L to 2000Wh / L, the total capacity of the second battery pack is not less than 60kWh.

[0085] In one implementation of the first aspect, the volume ratio of the first battery pack to the second battery pack is 0.05 to 10, optionally, the volume ratio is 0.1 to 8.0; optionally, the volume ratio is 0.12 to 6.0.

[0086] In one implementation of the first aspect, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are each independently selected from any one or more of the following battery cells I to VII:

[0087] (1) Battery cell I, wherein the volumetric energy density of battery cell I is in the range of 450Wh / L to 2000Wh / L, and battery cell I includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate-graphite lithium-ion battery cell, lithium manganese iron phosphate-graphite lithium-ion battery cell, ternary-graphite lithium-ion battery cell, hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell, lithium-ion negative electrode-free battery cell, semi-solid-state battery cell, and all-solid-state battery cell; optionally, the negative electrode active material in the ternary-graphite lithium-ion cell further includes silicon-based material; the positive electrode active material of the hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell includes two or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide; optionally, at least one of the battery cells I is a lithium-ion negative electrode-free battery cell;

[0088] (2) Battery cell II, wherein the battery cell II has an equivalent charging rate of 10%SOC-80%SOC greater than or equal to 2C at 25°C, optionally, the battery cell II has an equivalent charging rate of 10%SOC-80%SOC greater than 2.5C, and further optionally, the battery cell II has an equivalent charging rate of 10%-80%SOC greater than 4C;

[0089] (3) Battery cell III, wherein the thermal runaway temperature of the battery cell III is not lower than 250°C; and / or, the overcharge boundary of the battery cell III is not lower than 140% SOC;

[0090] (4) Battery cell IV, wherein the charging time of battery cell IV from 10% SOC to 80% SOC at an ambient temperature of -10℃ is less than or equal to 40 min; and / or, the capacity retention rate of battery cell IV at an ambient temperature of -20℃ and charged at 0.33C is above 80%; and / or, battery cell IV includes at least one of sodium-ion battery cell, sodium-ion battery cell without negative electrode, sodium metal battery cell, lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion battery, ternary lithium-ion battery cell, and hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell, wherein the positive electrode active material of the hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell includes two or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium-containing transition metal oxides;

[0091] (5) Battery cell V, wherein the battery cell V is discharged to the lower limit cutoff voltage at a rate of 5C at 50% SOC, and the discharge time of the battery cell V is greater than or equal to 30s, preferably greater than or equal to 60s, and preferably greater than or equal to 100s; and / or, the battery cell V is discharged at 3.5C for 10s at 50% SOC, and the DC impedance DCR of the battery cell V is less than 0.4mΩ, preferably less than 0.3mΩ; and / or, the power density of the battery cell V is not less than 500W / kg, and optionally between 600 W / kg and 5000W / kg;

[0092] (6) Battery cell VI, wherein when the battery cell VI is cycled to 70% SOH, the number of cycles of the battery cell VI is not less than 6000 cycles; optionally, not less than 6500 cycles;

[0093] (7) Battery cell VII, wherein the capacity retention rate of the second battery cell is not less than 95% when the battery cell VII is stored at an ambient temperature of 45°C for 90 days; and / or, the capacity retention rate of the second battery cell is not less than 98% when the battery cell VII is stored at an ambient temperature of 60°C for 60 days.

[0094] In one implementation of the first aspect, the energy density of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell is 450Wh / L to 2000Wh / L; and / or,

[0095] The positive electrode active material of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell is one or more of the following: olivine phase lithium phosphate, layered lithium transition metal oxide, and spinel phase lithium manganese-based oxide.

[0096] Optionally, the olivine phase lithium phosphate includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate and lithium manganese iron phosphate;

[0097] Optionally, the ratio of the number of moles of nickel to the total number of moles of transition metal elements in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide is 0.5 or more, and more preferably 0.7 or more.

[0098] In one implementation of the first aspect, the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0099] (1) The positive electrode active material of the lithium-ion battery cell without negative electrode includes lithium iron phosphate, and the VED range of the lithium-ion battery cell without negative electrode is 450~700Wh / L;

[0100] (2) The positive electrode active material of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell includes two or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium-containing transition metal oxides, and the VED range of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell is 600~1000Wh / L.

[0101] (3) The positive electrode active material of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell includes lithium-containing transition metal oxide, and the VED range of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell is 650~2000Wh / L.

[0102] In one implementation of the first aspect, the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery cell without a negative electrode is a current collector capable of conducting electrons, and the current collector satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0103] (1) The material of the current collector is selected from at least one of carbon-based materials and metal foil;

[0104] (2) The thickness of the current collector ranges from 3 μm to 8 μm;

[0105] (3) The surface roughness of the current collector is less than or equal to 0.3 μm;

[0106] (4) The tensile strength of the current collector is 400MPa~1600MPa;

[0107] (5) A lithium metal layer is provided on at least one side of the current collector. Optionally, the thickness of the lithium metal layer is in the range of 3μm-30μm, and more preferably, the thickness of the lithium metal layer is in the range of 5μm-25μm.

[0108] In one implementation of the first aspect, the cycle life of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0109] (1) The lithium-ion electrodeless battery is charged and discharged at 25°C with a charging rate of 0.2C / discharging rate of 1C and a discharge depth of 80%, and has a cycle life of 150 to 300 cycles.

[0110] (2) The lithium-ion electrodeless battery is charged and discharged at 25°C with a charge rate of 0.2C / discharge rate of 1C and within a discharge depth range of 50%, and the cycle life is 200 to 400 cycles.

[0111] (3) The lithium-ion electrodeless battery is charged and discharged at 25°C with a charging rate of 0.2C / discharging rate of 1C and a discharge depth of 30%, and the cycle life is more than 500 cycles.

[0112] In one implementation of the first aspect, the volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is greater than that of the first battery cell, and the second battery pack includes at least the battery cell I, and the second battery pack includes at least one or more of the battery cells II, IV, and VI.

[0113] In one implementation of the first aspect, the second battery pack includes at least one of the following: lithium iron phosphate battery without negative electrode, lithium manganese iron phosphate battery without negative electrode, ternary battery cell without negative electrode, hybrid cathode battery cell without negative electrode, all-solid-state battery, and semi-solid-state battery.

[0114] The first battery pack includes at least one of the following: lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium manganese iron phosphate battery, ternary lithium-ion battery cell, hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell, sodium-ion battery, all-solid-state battery, and semi-solid-state battery.

[0115] In one implementation of the first aspect, the equivalent charge rate of the first battery cell at 10% SOC-80% SOC is greater than the equivalent charge rate of the second battery cell at 10% SOC-80% SOC, the first battery pack includes at least the battery cell II, and the second battery pack includes at least one or more of the battery cell IV and the battery cell VI.

[0116] In one implementation of the first aspect, the first battery pack includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, lithium manganese iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, ternary lithium-ion battery cells, and hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cells, and the second battery pack includes at least one of sodium-ion batteries, lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, lithium manganese iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, ternary lithium-ion cells, solid-state battery cells, and semi-solid-state battery cells.

[0117] In one implementation of the first aspect, under the same charge and discharge conditions, the cycle life of the first battery cell is more than 1.2 times that of the second battery cell, the first battery pack includes at least the battery cell VI, and the second battery pack includes at least one or more of the battery cells IV and VII.

[0118] In one implementation of the first aspect, the first battery pack includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, lithium manganese iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, ternary lithium-ion battery cells, and hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cells, and the second battery pack includes at least one of sodium-ion batteries, lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, ternary lithium-ion batteries, solid-state battery cells, and semi-solid-state battery cells.

[0119] In one implementation of the first aspect, the second battery pack includes at least one negative electrode-free battery cell;

[0120] The battery system also includes:

[0121] A heating system is used to regulate the temperature of the second battery pack;

[0122] The controller is used to control the heating system to adjust the battery temperature of the second battery pack to be greater than 40°C when the second battery pack is in the charging state.

[0123] In one implementation of the first aspect, the controller is configured to control the heating system to adjust the battery temperature of the second battery pack to be greater than or equal to 45°C when the battery system is in a charging state.

[0124] Optionally, the battery temperature of the second battery pack is adjusted to 45-70°C; further optionally, the battery temperature of the second battery pack is adjusted to 50-65°C.

[0125] In one implementation of the first aspect, the second battery pack includes at least one negative electrode-free battery cell;

[0126] The battery system also includes:

[0127] A controller is configured to control the voltage conversion circuit to charge the second battery pack at a first rate ≤ 1C when the battery system is in a charging state.

[0128] In one implementation of the first aspect, a controller is configured to control the voltage conversion circuit to charge the second battery pack at a first rate ≤ 0.5C when the battery system is in a charging condition.

[0129] Optionally, the first multiplier is ≤0.2C.

[0130] Secondly, an electrical appliance is provided, the electrical appliance comprising:

[0131] First load and second load;

[0132] As in the first aspect, the battery system is connected to the first load and the second load;

[0133] And an on-board power supply circuit, which is connected to the second load and is used to provide a second voltage to the second load.

[0134] In one implementation of the second aspect, the electrical device includes a vehicle, and the first load includes a drive system for driving the vehicle.

[0135] In one implementation of the second aspect, the electrical device includes a vehicle, and the second load includes a vehicle control system, which is used for vehicle body control.

[0136] In one implementation of the second aspect, the electrical device includes a vehicle, the vehicle further includes an on-board charger (OBC), the battery system is connected to the OBC, and the OBC is used to AC charge the vehicle.

[0137] In one implementation of the second aspect, the vehicle power supply circuit further includes a vehicle battery, which is used to provide the second voltage to the second load.

[0138] In one implementation of the second aspect, the vehicle power supply circuit further includes a vehicle voltage conversion circuit, through which the battery system supplies power to the vehicle battery.

[0139] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0140] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0141] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0142] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device in a battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0143] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0144] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0145] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0146] Figure 6 This is an example schematic diagram of a switching circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0147] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another switching circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0148] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0149] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0150] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0151] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit implementation structure of a battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0152] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the circuit implementation structure of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0153] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0154] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit implementation structure of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0155] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit implementation structure of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0156] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0157] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0158] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0159] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0160] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0161] Figure 21 This is an exploded perspective view of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0162] Figure 22 for Figure 21 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the battery device after the cover has been removed;

[0163] Figure 23 for Figure 21 A top view of the battery device shown;

[0164] Figure 24 for Figure 23 A cross-sectional view of the battery device shown in another embodiment;

[0165] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery device provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0166] Figure 26 Schematic diagrams of the battery cavity provided for some embodiments;

[0167] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the battery cell arrangement provided in some embodiments.

[0168] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0169] 3000 Battery system; 1000 Vehicle; 1100 Battery unit; 1200 Controller; 1300 Motor;

[0170] 100. Housing; 1011. First battery compartment; 1012. Second battery compartment; 102. Electrical compartment;

[0171] 10. Tray; 11. Side beam; 12. Pressure relief chamber;

[0172] 141. First entrance; 142. First exit; 143. Second entrance; 144. Second exit;

[0173] 20. Cover;

[0174] 30. Divided structure;

[0175] 40. Sealing components;

[0176] 50. Electrical cavity partition; 51. Adapter; 510. High voltage output terminal; 520. Low voltage output terminal;

[0177] 61. Pressure relief mechanism; 62. First pressure relief mechanism; 63. Second pressure relief mechanism;

[0178] 70. Thermal management components;

[0179] 71. First sub-thermal management component; 711. First heat exchange tube; 712. First current collector;

[0180] 72. Second sub-thermal management component; 721. Second heat exchange tube; 722. Second current collector;

[0181] 200. Electrical components; 201. Voltage conversion circuit; 202. Switching circuit; 210. First power supply circuit; 220. Second power supply circuit; 330. Vehicle power supply circuit;

[0182] 300, First battery pack; 310, First battery cell; 311, First cell pressure relief mechanism; 320, First main terminal;

[0183] 400, Second battery pack; 410, Second battery cell; 420, Second main terminal; 421, Second cell pressure relief mechanism;

[0184] 600, Load; 610, First Load; 620, Second Load;

[0185] 700. Output interface. Detailed Implementation

[0186] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0187] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0188] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0189] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0190] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0191] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0192] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0193] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0194] New energy electrical equipment generally includes high-voltage power supply systems and low-voltage power supply systems. High voltage can be greater than 200V, and low voltage can be less than 100V. For example, in electric vehicles, the high-voltage power supply system generally refers to the power system, which is usually powered by a high-voltage battery to supply high-voltage loads, such as a power battery. Its voltage platform is generally 400V, 800V, etc. The low-voltage power supply system is usually powered by a low-voltage battery to supply low-voltage loads, such as a low-voltage storage battery. Its voltage platform is generally 12V, 24V, 48V, etc.

[0195] With the development of intelligent driving technology, in some electric vehicles, high-voltage power supply systems can be used to provide power for the vehicle drive, low-voltage power supply systems can be used to provide power for the vehicle's low-voltage electrical appliances, and high-voltage power supply systems and / or low-voltage power supply systems can also provide power for the vehicle's intelligent driving system.

[0196] This application provides a battery system that, through the coordinated design of the battery system and the power supply circuit, achieves redundant power supply for the high-voltage power supply system and the low-voltage power supply system, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the electrical device during use.

[0197] The battery system disclosed in this application is applicable to various power-consuming devices that use battery systems. A power system for a power-consuming device can be formed using the battery device 1100 disclosed in this application. Power-consuming devices include mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, power tools, vehicles, ships, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0198] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0199] Please see Figure 1 Vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 1100 is installed inside vehicle 1000, which can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of vehicle 1000. The battery device 1100 can be used to power vehicle 1000; for example, it can serve as the operating power source for vehicle 1000. Vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 1200 and a motor. The controller 1200 controls the battery device 1100 to supply power to the motor, for example, to meet the power needs of vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0200] In some embodiments of this application, the battery system described above includes a battery device 1100. The battery device 1100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0201] The battery system involved in the embodiments of this application can be an energy storage device that can provide electrical energy to electrical devices. The battery system includes a battery pack and a controller.

[0202] A battery pack can be an electrical module used to achieve independent power output. A battery pack can consist of multiple battery cells connected in series and / or parallel, specifically a battery module, some battery cells within a battery pack, or some battery cells within a battery module; a battery pack can also be an independently configured battery pack or a structurally integrated battery pack. This application does not impose specific restrictions on the assembly method, physical location, or specific structural form of the battery pack.

[0203] In some embodiments, the controller may be a Battery Management System (BMS), which performs at least one of the following functions: battery state monitoring, state analysis, charge / discharge control, safety protection, thermal management, high-voltage power distribution, and information management. In addition, the battery management system may also be configured to implement at least some of the functions of a controller in an electrical device, such as implementing some functions of a vehicle control unit (VCU) or a motor control unit (MCU), and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0204] It should be noted that the physical device of the controller in this application can be integrated into the battery device, such as into the battery pack; it can also be integrated into the electrical device, such as into the vehicle or the vehicle chassis; or it can be integrated into the charging device, such as into the charging device or the battery swapping device.

[0205] The controller in this application can also be deployed as control software on a server. The server can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, knowledge computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN (Content Delivery Network), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms, such as vehicle networking cloud, APP backend, etc.

[0206] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery device 1100 mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include multiple battery packs, which are used to provide voltage and capacity. Each battery pack may include multiple individual battery cells, which are connected in series, parallel, or a combination of both via a busbar. A combination of both can refer to a series-parallel connection.

[0207] In some embodiments, the battery pack is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells.

[0208] As an example, a battery pack can be a battery module, which consists of multiple battery cells arranged and fixed together to form an independent module. As another example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0209] In some embodiments, the battery device 1100 further includes a housing 100 in which the battery pack is housed.

[0210] As an example, the battery pack can be a battery module, which can be housed in the housing 100 by fixing the battery module in the housing 100.

[0211] As an example, the battery pack can also be housed in the housing 100 by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing 100.

[0212] As an example, the housing 100 may include a first housing and a second housing. The first housing and the second housing are fastened together to form a closed space inside the housing 100 for housing the battery pack. Here, "closed" refers to covering or closing, and can be either sealed or unsealed. The first housing may be a top cover or a bottom plate.

[0213] As an example, the housing 100 may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and the bottom plate are respectively connected to the frame, so that the interior of the housing 100 forms an enclosed space to accommodate the battery pack.

[0214] In some embodiments, the housing 100 may be part of the chassis structure of the vehicle 1000. For example, a portion of the housing 100 may be at least a portion of the floor of the vehicle 1000, or a portion of the housing 100 may be at least a portion of the crossbeams and longitudinal beams of the vehicle 1000.

[0215] In some embodiments, the battery device 1100 may refer to an energy storage device, which includes a cabinet with a door on at least one side. The energy storage device includes energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, etc.

[0216] In some embodiments, the battery cell can be a rechargeable battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged after discharge to activate the active materials and continue to be used. The battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0217] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application only take the vehicle 1000 as an example of the electrical device to illustrate the battery system provided in the embodiments of this application. The electrical device can also be other devices or equipment that need to provide high-voltage load power supply and low-voltage load power supply.

[0218] Please see Figure 3The battery system 3000 is used to connect to a first load 610 and a second load 620. The battery system 3000 includes at least two battery packs, a first power supply circuit 210, and a second power supply circuit 220. At least two battery packs respectively provide a first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210, and at least one battery pack provides a second voltage to the second load 620 through the second power supply circuit 210. For example, the at least two battery packs include battery packs 101, ..., 10i; the at least two first power supply circuits include first power supply circuits 2101, ..., 210i; and at least one second power supply circuit includes a second power supply circuit 200, where i is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The at least two battery packs are respectively used to provide the first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210. For example, battery pack 101 provides the first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 2101, and battery pack 10i provides the first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210i. Furthermore, at least one of the two battery packs provides a second voltage to the second load 620 through the second power supply circuit 220. For example, battery pack 10i provides a second voltage to the second load 620 through the second power supply circuit 220. The first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0219] The second power supply circuit 220 is also used to connect in parallel with the vehicle power supply circuit 330, which is used to provide a second voltage to the second load 620.

[0220] The aforementioned first power supply circuit 210 is specifically used to enable the battery pack to provide power to the first load 610. Specifically, at least two battery packs can provide multiple parallel power supplies to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210.

[0221] The aforementioned second power supply circuit 220 is specifically used to enable the battery pack to provide power to the second load 620. Specifically, at least one battery pack can provide a power supply to the second load through the second power supply circuit 620, and the power supply provided by the battery pack can form multiple parallel power supplies with the power supply provided by the vehicle power supply circuit 330 to power the second load 620.

[0222] The first load 610 mentioned above can specifically be a high-voltage load of an electrical device, such as a drive system or an air conditioning system. In some embodiments, the first load 610 can specifically be a drive system within a vehicle, which may include at least one of a front-wheel drive system and a rear-wheel drive system. The front-wheel drive system can be used to drive the front wheels of the vehicle forward, backward, and steer, while the rear-wheel drive system can be used to drive the rear wheels of the vehicle forward, backward, and steer.

[0223] At least two battery packs in the battery system can provide a first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210. The first voltage can be the working voltage required by the first load, such as the driving voltage required by the drive motor. By supplying power to the high-voltage load through at least two battery packs in the battery system, redundant backup power supply for the high-voltage load is provided to the electrical device.

[0224] In some embodiments, the first voltage can be greater than 200V, for example, it can be 400V, 800V, etc.

[0225] The aforementioned second load 620 can specifically be a low-voltage load of an electrical device, such as a low-voltage electrical appliance or a low-voltage controller. In some embodiments, the low-voltage load can specifically be a load such as a start-stop control system, a body control system, an intelligent driver assistance system, or other electrical equipment within a vehicle.

[0226] In the aforementioned battery system, at least one battery pack can provide a second voltage to the second load 620 via the second power supply circuit 220. Specifically, the second voltage can be the voltage required by the second load 620. By coordinating with the vehicle-mounted power supply circuit outside the battery system, at least two power supplies are provided to the second load 620, thereby providing redundant backup power for the low-voltage load of the electrical device.

[0227] In some embodiments, the second voltage may be lower than 100V, specifically, but not limited to, 48V, 12V, etc.

[0228] In this embodiment of the application, the battery system 300 may include a controller 1200. A first power supply circuit 210 and a second power supply circuit 220 may be connected to the controller 1200. The controller 1200 may be used to control the working state of the first power supply circuit 210 and the second power supply circuit 220. Under the control of the controller 1200, the first power supply circuit 210 may provide a first voltage to the first load 610, and the second power supply circuit 220 may provide a second voltage to the second load 620. At least two battery packs may respectively provide the first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210, and at least one battery pack may provide the second voltage to the second load 620 through the second power supply circuit 220.

[0229] The controller 1200 in this application may be a battery management system (BMS), which performs at least one of the following functions: battery status monitoring, status analysis, charge / discharge control, safety protection, thermal management, high-voltage power distribution, and information management. In addition, the battery management system may also be configured to implement at least some of the functions of a controller in an electrical device, such as implementing some functions of a vehicle control unit (VCU) or a motor control unit (MCU), and this application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0230] It should be noted that the physical device of the controller 1200 in this application can be integrated into the battery device, such as into the battery pack; it can also be integrated into the power consumption device, such as into the vehicle or the vehicle chassis; or it can be integrated into the charging device, such as into the charging device or the battery swapping device.

[0231] The controller 1200 in this application can also be deployed as control software on a server. The server can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, knowledge computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN (Content Delivery Network), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms, such as vehicle networking cloud, APP backend, etc.

[0232] The first power supply circuit 210 can refer to the power supply circuit that supplies power to the first load 610. Specifically, the first load 610 can refer to the high-voltage load of the vehicle 1000, such as the drive motor, air conditioning system, etc.

[0233] In some embodiments, the first power supply circuit 210 may include a main positive relay and a main negative relay, and the controller 1200 controls the switching states of the main positive relay and the main negative relay so that at least two battery packs can supply power to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210.

[0234] In some embodiments, the first load 610 may specifically be a high-voltage load within the vehicle 1000, and may include at least one of the vehicle 1000 front-wheel drive system and the vehicle 1000 rear-wheel drive system. The vehicle 1000 front-wheel drive system may be used to drive the front wheels of the vehicle 1000 to move forward, backward, and steer, and the vehicle 1000 rear-wheel drive system may be used to drive the rear wheels of the vehicle 1000 to move forward, backward, and steer.

[0235] At least two battery packs in the battery system 3000 can provide a first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210. The first voltage can be the operating voltage required by the first load 610, such as the driving voltage required by the drive motor. By providing high-voltage load power through at least two battery packs in the battery system 3000, a redundant backup power supply for high-voltage load is provided for the electrical device.

[0236] In some embodiments, the first voltage may be higher than 200V, for example, it may be 400V, 800V, etc.

[0237] The second power supply circuit 220 can specifically be a power supply circuit that supplies power to the second load 620. The second load 620 can specifically refer to the low-voltage load of the electrical device, such as low-voltage electrical appliances, intelligent driver assistance systems, etc. The low-voltage electrical appliances can include, but are not limited to, the start-stop control system within the vehicle 1000, other electrical equipment of the vehicle 1000 control system, and other functional loads. At least one battery pack in the battery system 3000 can provide a second voltage to the second load through the second power supply circuit 220. The second voltage can specifically be the operating voltage required by the second load 620. The on-board power supply circuit 330 outside the battery system can also provide a second voltage to the second load 620. Therefore, redundant backup power supply for the low-voltage load of the electrical device is realized.

[0238] In some embodiments, the second voltage may be lower than 100V, specifically, but not limited to, 48V, 12V, etc.

[0239] Specifically, the vehicle power supply circuit 330 can be a power supply circuit that supplies power to the second load 620 through the vehicle battery. The vehicle power supply circuit 330 can also provide a second voltage to the second load 620.

[0240] In this embodiment, the first power supply circuit 210 can be used to provide a first voltage to the first load 610, and the second power supply circuit 220 can be used to provide a second voltage to the second load 620. At least two battery packs can each provide the first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210. If the power supply of one battery pack is abnormal, at least one other battery pack can provide the first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210, thereby improving the power supply stability of the first load 610. At least one battery pack can provide the second voltage to the second load 620 through the second power supply circuit 220. The second power supply circuit 220 is also connected in parallel with the vehicle power supply circuit 330, which can also supply power to the second load 620. Therefore, it can also provide a redundant power supply circuit for the second load 620, thereby improving the power supply stability of the second load 620 and realizing the provision of redundant backup power for the first and second loads of the electrical device.

[0241] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system provided in another embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, in some implementations, the vehicle power supply circuit 330 may specifically include a vehicle voltage conversion circuit 331, and at least a portion of the at least two battery packs may also be connected to the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 331 in the vehicle power supply circuit 330. The output voltage of the battery pack connected to the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 331 in the battery system 3000 can be converted by the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 331 into the second voltage required by the second load 620.

[0242] In some implementations, the above-mentioned vehicle voltage conversion circuit 331 may include, but is not limited to, a DC-DC converter, a linear regulator, a transformer-type voltage converter, a flyback transformer, and other voltage conversion devices.

[0243] In some embodiments of this application, the output voltage of the battery pack in the battery system can be converted by an on-board voltage conversion circuit to enable the use of the output voltage of the battery pack in the battery system to power low-voltage loads, thereby providing multiple low-voltage redundancies.

[0244] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system provided in another embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the battery system also includes a switching circuit 202.

[0245] The above-mentioned at least two battery packs are connected in parallel, and the switching circuit 202 is connected to the above-mentioned at least two battery packs to control at least one battery pack to be connected to the power supply circuit.

[0246] In this embodiment, the switching state of the switching circuit 202 can be controlled by the controller 1200. The switching circuit 202 can control at least two battery packs to be connected to the bus through the switching circuit 202. The switching circuit 202 controls the connection state of the battery pack 101 and the bus, thereby connecting at least one battery pack to the bus, i.e., to the power supply circuit. The battery pack 101 provides a first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210 and a second voltage to the second load 620 through the second power supply circuit 220. The second power supply circuit 220 may include a voltage conversion circuit 201, which converts the first voltage provided by the battery pack 101 into the second voltage and outputs it to the second load 620. Alternatively, the first power supply circuit 210 may include a voltage conversion circuit 201, which converts the second voltage provided by the battery pack into the first voltage and outputs it to the first load 610. This achieves redundant backup power for the high-voltage and low-voltage loads of the electrical device, improving the power supply stability of the battery system.

[0247] In this embodiment, the power supply circuit may specifically be at least one of the first power supply circuit 210 and the second power supply circuit 220. In some embodiments, the power supply circuit may also be the vehicle power supply circuit 330, for example, by connecting the battery pack to a vehicle voltage conversion device, thereby using the vehicle power supply circuit 330 to supply power to the second load 620.

[0248] In this way, the battery packs connected to the power supply circuit can be adjusted according to the needs of the power consumption scenario. For example, one battery pack can be connected at a time for output, or multiple battery packs with equal voltage platforms can be connected in parallel for output, reducing the discharge pressure of individual battery packs, enriching the battery system's usage scenarios, reducing the possibility of local overheating or overload in the battery system, and extending the overall lifespan of the battery system. Furthermore, in the event of an abnormality in one battery pack, the abnormal battery pack can be switched off by the switching circuit 202, and another battery pack can be selected to supply power through the power supply circuit. This helps improve the power supply stability and reliability of the battery system, bypasses the abnormal battery pack, extends the battery system's lifespan, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0249] It should be noted that the aforementioned battery pack abnormality can specifically refer to the battery pack's inability to supply power normally. For example, it could be a battery pack malfunction or a malfunction in the battery pack's power supply circuit.

[0250] In some embodiments, the battery system 300 may include a first battery pack 300 and a second battery pack 400, wherein the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 are connected in parallel, and the aforementioned switching circuit 202 may be connected to the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 for controlling the first battery pack 300 and / or the second battery pack 400 to access the power supply circuit.

[0251] This application embodiment is for a battery system with two battery packs, which can control at least one of the battery packs to be connected to the power supply circuit through a switching circuit.

[0252] Please see Figure 6 ,like Figure 6 As shown in a), in some embodiments, the switching circuit 202 may include: a first switch K1, connected to the first battery pack 300, for controlling the first battery pack 300 to connect to the power supply circuit; and a second switch K2, connected to the second battery pack 400, for controlling the second battery pack 400 to connect to the power supply circuit.

[0253] Combination Figure 6 a) The control principle of the switch circuit 202 in this embodiment is explained as follows: When it is necessary to connect the first battery pack 300 to the power supply circuit, for example, when only the first battery pack 300 needs to be powered and the second battery pack 400 does not need to be powered or is in an abnormal situation, the first switch K1 can be closed and the second switch K2 can be opened; when it is necessary to connect the second battery pack 400 to the power supply circuit, for example, when only the second battery pack 310 needs to be powered and the first battery pack 300 does not need to be powered or is in an abnormal situation, the first switch K1 can be opened and the second switch K2 can be closed; when it is necessary to connect the first battery pack and the second battery pack in parallel to the power supply circuit, the first switch K1 can be closed and the second switch K2 can also be closed.

[0254] The anomalies mentioned in this article specifically refer to situations where the battery system is unable to supply power to the first load 610 or the second load 620 normally, including but not limited to: battery pack failure, individual battery cell failure within the battery pack, and failure of the power supply circuit connected to the battery pack.

[0255] In this embodiment, a simple switching device is used to realize the combined use of battery packs in the battery system, which can meet different power needs.

[0256] In one embodiment of this application, the switching circuit 202 can be connected to at least two battery packs for controlling at least two of the battery packs to be connected in series.

[0257] In some embodiments, when the controller 1200 controls the operation of the switch circuit 202 to connect at least two battery packs in series, the corresponding battery packs can be selected to be connected in series according to the power consumption or voltage of the load 600 and the voltage platform of the charging device, so as to meet the application scenarios of high load voltage and high charging voltage. Under the same power demand, the high voltage output by connecting the battery packs in series can reduce the output current, reduce the wire cross-sectional area requirement and line transmission loss, and improve the efficiency of the battery system.

[0258] In one embodiment of this application, the battery system 3000 may include a first battery pack 300 and a second battery pack 400, and a switching circuit 202 may connect the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400. The switching circuit 202 is also used to control the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 to be connected in series.

[0259] In some embodiments, taking the first load 610 as a high-voltage load and the output voltage of at least two battery packs as an example, the controller 1200 can control the working state of the switching circuit 202 to connect at least two battery packs in series, thus meeting the high-voltage power supply requirements of the vehicle 1000.

[0260] In this embodiment of the application, for a battery system with two battery packs, the two battery packs can be connected in series or disconnected by the switching circuit 202 to achieve different voltage outputs.

[0261] Please refer to it again. Figure 6 In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 The switching circuit 202 shown in b) may include a third switch K3, which is connected to the first terminal of the first battery pack 300 and the second terminal of the second battery pack 400. The third switch K3 is used for on / off control of the series circuit of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400.

[0262] In this embodiment of the application, the first electrode can be a positive electrode and the second electrode can be a negative electrode. Alternatively, the second electrode can be a negative electrode and the second electrode can be a positive electrode. That is, the third switch K3 can connect the positive electrode of the first battery pack 300 to the negative electrode of the second battery pack 400, or it can connect the negative electrode of the first battery pack 300 to the positive electrode of the second battery pack 400.

[0263] Combination Figure 6 a) The control principle of the switch circuit 202 in this embodiment is explained as follows: When it is necessary to connect the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 in series to the power supply circuit, the third switch K3 is controlled to close; when it is necessary to disconnect the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400, the third switch is controlled to open.

[0264] In this embodiment, a simple switching device is used to enable the battery packs of the battery system to be connected in series, so that the battery system can output different supply voltages.

[0265] In one embodiment of this application, the switch circuit 202 is connected to at least two battery packs and is used to control the at least two battery packs to be connected in series or in parallel.

[0266] In this embodiment, the switching state of the switching circuit 202 can be controlled by the controller 1200. The switching circuit 202 switches the series-parallel connection of at least two battery packs, making the battery system suitable for different application scenarios. For example, it can select the corresponding battery packs to be connected in series according to the power or voltage of the load and the voltage platform of the charging device to meet the application scenarios of high load voltage and high charging voltage. Under the same power demand, outputting high voltage by connecting battery packs in series can reduce the output current, reduce the conductor cross-sectional area requirement and line transmission loss, and improve the efficiency of the battery system. It can also control at least two battery packs to be connected in parallel to improve the driving range. It can also distribute the load current in parallel to reduce the charging and discharging pressure of a single battery pack, reduce the possibility of local overheating or overload of the battery system, and extend the overall life of the battery system. Furthermore, if one battery pack fails, another battery pack can be selected to supply power, which is beneficial for replacing the faulty battery in the battery system, reducing maintenance costs and improving the power supply stability of the battery system.

[0267] In some embodiments, the switching circuit 202 may be connected to the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 to control the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 to be connected in series or in parallel.

[0268] Please refer to it again. Figure 6 In one embodiment of this application, as Figure 6 As shown in c), the switching circuit 202 includes a fourth switch K4 and a fifth switch K5 (K51 and K52 are included in the figure).

[0269] The fourth switch K4 is connected to the first battery pack 410 and the second battery pack 420, and is used to control the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 to be connected in series. The fifth switch K5 is connected to the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400, and is used to control the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 to be connected in parallel.

[0270] Combination Figure 6 Section c) explains the control principle of the switch circuit 202 in this embodiment: When the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 need to be connected in series to the power supply circuit, the fifth switch K51 and the fifth switch K52 are opened, and the fourth switch K4 is closed. When the first battery pack 300 needs to be powered alone, the fourth switch K4 is opened, the fifth switch K51 is closed, and the fifth switch K52 is opened. When the second battery pack 400 needs to be powered alone, the fourth switch K4 is opened, the fifth switch K51 is opened, and the fifth switch K52 is closed. When the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 need to be connected in parallel for output, the fourth switch K4 is opened, and the fifth switches K51 and K52 are closed.

[0271] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the switching circuit 202 may include a sixth switch K6, which includes at least a first contact group and a second contact group.

[0272] The first contact group is used to control at least two battery packs connected in series; the second contact group is used to control at least two battery packs connected in parallel; the sixth switch K6 is used to control at least two of the battery packs connected in series or in parallel.

[0273] This application implements a system that connects multiple battery packs in parallel to the power supply circuit by setting a contact switch, which can save on switching devices and reduce the space occupied by the switching circuit.

[0274] It should be noted that, Figure 7 In the example shown, contacts 3, 6, 5, and 1 correspond to the first contact group, and contacts 1, 2, 3, and 4 correspond to the second contact group.

[0275] The controller 1200 can control the switching state of each group of contacts in the sixth switch K6 to control at least two battery packs connected in series or in parallel. This allows the corresponding battery pack 101 to be connected in series according to the power or voltage of the load, meeting the needs of high-voltage applications. Furthermore, under the same power requirements, the high voltage output by connecting the battery pack 101 in series can reduce the output current, decrease the conductor cross-sectional area requirement and line transmission loss, and improve the efficiency of the battery system.

[0276] The controller 1200 can also control the connection state of the first contact group to enable at least two battery packs to be connected in parallel, which can significantly improve the driving range. It can also balance the load current by connecting in parallel, reduce the charging and discharging pressure of a single battery pack 101, avoid local overheating or overload of the battery system, extend the overall life of the battery system, and in the event of an abnormality in one of the battery packs 101, the other battery pack 101 can be selected to supply power externally. Furthermore, it is beneficial to replace the faulty battery in the battery system individually, reduce maintenance costs, and improve the power supply stability of the battery system.

[0277] Taking a battery pack where both the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 have a 400V output as an example, under normal power supply conditions for the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 320, if... Figure 7 As shown in a), by connecting contacts 3 and 6, and contacts 1 and 5 of the sixth switch K6, the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can be connected in series to provide an 800V voltage. In the event of an abnormality in the first battery pack 300, such as... Figure 7As shown in b), a 400V voltage can be supplied through the second battery pack 400 by disconnecting contact 3 and contact 6 and connecting contact 1 and contact 2. In case of an abnormality in the second battery pack 400, such as... Figure 7 As shown in c), by disconnecting contact 3 and contact 6, contact 3 is connected to contact 4 to provide a 400V voltage through the first battery pack 300. Combined with... Figure 7 As shown in Example d), when the required voltage at the output terminal 501 is 400V, and the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 320 are normal, by controlling the disconnection between contact 3 and contact 6, connecting contact 3 with contact 4, and connecting contact 1 with contact 2, the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can be connected in parallel to provide a voltage of 400V.

[0278] In this embodiment of the application, contact switches are used to control the series and parallel connection of at least two battery packs, which can save switching devices and reduce the space occupied by the switching circuit.

[0279] Please see Figure 8 In some embodiments, at least one of the first power supply circuit 210 and the second power supply circuit 220 includes a voltage conversion circuit 201, which is used to convert the input voltage into the first voltage or the second voltage.

[0280] The input voltage of the voltage conversion circuit 201 can be either the voltage provided by the battery pack 101 connected to the first power supply circuit 210 or the voltage provided by the battery pack 101 connected to the second power supply circuit 220. When the voltage provided by the battery pack 101 connected to the first power supply circuit 210 does not meet the first voltage required by the first load 610, the first power supply circuit 210 may include the voltage conversion circuit 201, which can convert the voltage input to the battery pack 101 connected to the first power supply circuit 210 into the first voltage required by the first load. Similarly, when the voltage provided by the battery pack 101 connected to the second power supply circuit 220 does not meet the second voltage required by the second load 620, the second power supply circuit 220 may include the voltage conversion circuit 201, which can convert the voltage input to the battery pack 101 connected to the second power supply circuit 220 into the second voltage required by the second load 620.

[0281] In the embodiments of this application, the input voltage is converted into a first voltage or a second voltage by a voltage conversion circuit, thereby enabling the battery system to be configured with battery packs of different voltages and capacities, and allowing for flexible design of battery pack combinations according to user needs.

[0282] Please see Figure 9In some embodiments of this application, at least two battery packs include a first battery pack 300 and a second battery pack 400; the first battery pack 300 provides a first voltage to the first load 610 through a first power supply circuit 2101, the second battery pack 400 provides a first voltage to the first load 610 through a first power supply circuit 2102, and the second battery pack 400 provides a second voltage to the second load 620 through a second power supply circuit 220; the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0283] In this embodiment, the battery system is configured with two battery packs. The architecture of the two battery packs enables the battery system to provide two first power supply circuits and one second power supply circuit, which, together with the vehicle power supply circuit, forms high and low voltage power supply redundancy, which is beneficial to the stability of the internal electronic control system and drive system.

[0284] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system according to another embodiment of this application is provided. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the above-mentioned at least two battery packs may include a first battery pack 300 and a second battery pack 400.

[0285] In some embodiments, the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can both be used to connect to the first load 610 to output a first voltage to the first load 610.

[0286] The second battery pack 400 is also connected to the voltage conversion circuit 201, which is used to output a second voltage to the second load 620 through the voltage conversion circuit 201, wherein the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0287] In this embodiment, both the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 provide high-voltage output, and therefore can be connected to the first load 610 to provide a first voltage to the first load 610. Since the output provided by the second battery pack 400 is a high-voltage output, in order to supply power to the second load, a voltage conversion circuit 201 can be connected. The voltage conversion circuit 201 reduces the output voltage of the second battery pack 400 and then supplies power to the second load 620. This enables redundant high-voltage power supply to the battery system and can also work with the vehicle power supply circuit to achieve redundant low-voltage power supply.

[0288] In this embodiment, the connection between the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can be controlled by the switching circuit 202. The first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can respectively provide a first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210. The first battery pack 300 or the second battery pack 400 can provide a second voltage to the second load 620 through the second power supply circuit 220. In the event that one of the battery packs 300 and 400 malfunctions, the other normal battery pack can provide the first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 210, which can improve the power supply stability of the first load 610. On the other hand, the first battery pack 300 or the second battery pack 400 can provide a second voltage to the second load 620 through the second power supply circuit 220. Specifically, the second power supply circuit 220 can include a voltage conversion circuit 201, which converts the output voltage of the first battery pack 300 or the second battery pack 400 into a second voltage to supply power to the second load 620. Combined with the power supply to the second load 620 from the external battery, the power supply stability of the second load 620 can be improved. This enables redundant high-voltage power supply to the battery system and can also be combined with the vehicle power supply circuit to achieve redundant low-voltage power supply.

[0289] In some embodiments, see Figure 11 As shown, the battery system 3000 in this embodiment includes a battery device 1100, which includes a first battery pack 300 and a second battery pack 400. The battery device 1100 includes a high-voltage output terminal 510 and a low-voltage output terminal 520.

[0290] In this embodiment, the first power supply circuit 210 may include a main positive relay K43 and a main negative relay K41. The controller 1200 controls the switching state of the main positive relay K43 and the main negative relay K41, so that the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can supply power to the first load through the first power supply circuit 210. The first load may be a high-voltage load inside the vehicle 1000.

[0291] In some embodiments, see Figure 11As shown, the switching circuit 202 includes switch K71, switch K72, and switch K73. Switch K71 is connected to the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400. The switching state of switch K71 is controlled by controller 1200, which can control the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 to be connected in series. Switch K72 is connected between the positive terminal of the first battery pack 300 and the positive busbar of the battery. Switch K73 is connected between the negative terminal of the second battery pack 400 and the negative busbar of the battery. The switching states of switches K72 and K73 are controlled by controller 1200, which can control the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 to be connected in parallel, or control the first battery pack 300 or the second battery pack 400 to be connected to the power supply circuit.

[0292] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 11 As shown, the negative terminal of the first battery pack 300 is connected to the negative battery bus via the first fuse F11. The current flowing through the first battery pack 300 can be detected by connecting the first fuse F11 and the first battery pack 300 in series. If the current flowing through the first battery pack 300 exceeds a preset current threshold, the first fuse F11 can blow to protect the battery device 1100.

[0293] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 11 As shown, the positive terminal of the second battery pack 400 is connected to the positive bus of the battery via the second fuse F12. The current flowing through the second battery pack 400 can be detected by connecting the second fuse F12 in series with the second battery pack 400. If the current flowing through the second battery pack 400 exceeds a preset current threshold, the second fuse F12 can blow to protect the battery device 1100.

[0294] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 11 As shown, the battery device 1100 also includes a pre-charging circuit 531 and a DC charging circuit 532. The DC charging circuit 532 is connected between the pre-charging circuit 531 and the DC charging terminal 530. The pre-charging circuit 531 is connected in parallel with the main positive relay K43. When the DC charging terminal 530 is connected to a DC charging pile, the charging pile can charge the battery pack through the DC charging circuit 532 and the pre-charging circuit 531.

[0295] In some embodiments, the pre-charge circuit 531 includes a pre-charge switch K42 and a pre-charge resistor R41, which are connected in series and then in parallel with the main positive relay K43.

[0296] In some embodiments, the DC charging circuit 532 includes a positive charging relay K81 and a negative charging relay K82. The positive terminal of the DC charging terminal 530 is connected to the main positive relay K43 via the positive charging relay K81, and the negative terminal of the DC charging terminal 530 is connected to the main negative relay K41 via the negative charging relay K82.

[0297] In this embodiment, the controller 1200 controls the switching states of the main positive relay K43 and the main negative relay K41 to control the process of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 supplying power to the high-voltage output terminal 510. The controller 1200 controls the switching states of the charging positive relay K81 and the charging negative relay K82 to control the charging process of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400.

[0298] In some embodiments, the first load 610 is used as a high-voltage drive load, and the output voltages of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 are both described using a first voltage. If the output voltages of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 are both 400V, then the output voltage of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 connected in series is 800V. Thus, in driving mode, the controller 1200 can control the operating state of the switching circuit 202 to connect the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 in series. The series-connected battery system can provide an 800V supply voltage to the first load through the first power supply circuit 210, enabling the drive system to operate at an 800V operating voltage, meeting the needs of high-voltage application scenarios within the vehicle 1000. If the first battery pack 300 malfunctions, the control switch circuit 202 will bypass the first battery pack 300, and the second battery pack 400 will supply 400V to the first load through the first power supply circuit. Alternatively, if the second battery pack 400 malfunctions, the control switch circuit 202 will bypass the first battery pack 300, and the first battery pack 300 will supply 400V to the first load through the first power supply circuit 21, so that the drive system operates at 400V, thereby providing redundant backup power for the drive loads within the vehicle 1000, meeting the normal operation requirements of the drive system within the vehicle 1000, and improving the power supply stability of the battery system.

[0299] In charging mode, the controller 1200 can control the switching circuit 202 to make the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 compatible with 400V and 800V charging piles. When the output voltage of the charging pile is 400V, the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 are connected in parallel. When the output voltage of the charging pile is 800V, the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 are connected in series.

[0300] Combination Figure 11As shown, the output voltage of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 is 400V. In driving mode, if the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 are both normal, switch K71 can be closed, switches K72 and K73 can be opened, the main positive relay K43 and the main negative relay K41 can be closed, and the charging positive relay K81 and the charging negative relay K82 can be opened. The voltage of the high voltage output terminal 510 is 800V, so that the drive system operates with 800V as the working voltage, which meets the needs of high voltage application scenarios within 1000V of the vehicle.

[0301] In this embodiment, if the first battery pack 300 malfunctions while the second battery pack 400 functions normally, control switches K71 and K72 are opened, and switch K73 is closed. The second battery pack 400 then supplies 400V to the high-voltage output terminal 510 through the main positive relay K43 and the main negative relay K41, enabling the drive system to operate at 400V. This provides redundant backup power for the drive loads within the vehicle 1000, meeting the normal operation requirements of the drive system within the vehicle 1000 and improving the power supply stability of the battery system.

[0302] If the second battery pack 400 malfunctions while the first battery pack 300 functions normally, the second control switch K72 closes, and the control switches K73 and K71 open. The first battery pack 300 then supplies 400V to the high-voltage output terminal 510 through the main positive relay K43 and the main negative relay K41, enabling the drive system to operate at 400V. This provides redundant backup power for the drive loads within the vehicle 1000, meeting the normal operation requirements of the drive system within the vehicle 1000 and improving the power supply stability of the battery system.

[0303] In charging mode, the battery system is compatible with 400V and 800V charging piles. If the DC charging terminal 530 is connected to a 400V charging pile, then control switches K72 and K73 are closed, switch K71 is open, and main positive relay K43, main negative relay K41, positive charging relay K81, and negative charging relay K82 are closed. The DC charging terminal 530 charges the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 by providing a 400V charging voltage to them.

[0304] If the DC charging terminal 530 is connected to an 800V charging pile, switches K72 and K73 are open, switch K71 is closed, and main positive relay K43, main negative relay K41, positive charging relay K81, and negative charging relay K82 are closed. The DC charging terminal 530 charges the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 by providing an 800V charging voltage to the first and second battery packs connected in series.

[0305] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 11 As shown, the second power supply circuit 220 includes a voltage conversion circuit 201. The first terminal of the main positive relay K43 and the first terminal of the main negative relay K41 are connected to the first side of the voltage conversion circuit 201. The second terminal of the positive relay K43 and the second terminal of the main negative relay K41 are connected to the high voltage output terminal 510. The controller 1200 controls the voltage conversion circuit 210 to convert the voltage of the first terminal of the main positive relay K43 and the first terminal of the main negative relay K41 into a second voltage and output it to the low voltage output terminal 520.

[0306] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 11 As shown, the high voltage output terminal 510 can also be connected to the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 330, which converts the first voltage output from the high voltage output terminal 510 into a second voltage to supply power to the second load 620.

[0307] When the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 330 is working normally, the first voltage output from the high voltage output terminal 510 of the battery device 1100 can be converted into a second voltage to supply power to the second load. In the event of a failure of the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 330, the first voltage provided by the first battery pack 300 and / or the second battery pack 400 can be converted into a second voltage through the voltage conversion circuit 201 in the second power supply circuit 220 to supply power to the second load, thereby realizing a redundant backup power supply for low-voltage loads and improving the power supply stability of low-voltage loads.

[0308] In some embodiments, the output voltages provided by the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 may also be different. For example, the first battery pack 300 may output 800V and the second battery pack 400 may output 400V. In this case, the controller 1200 may control the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 to be connected in series, so that 1200V high voltage can be output to the high voltage output terminal 510. If the controller 1200 controls the first battery pack 300 to be connected to the first power supply circuit alone, then 800V high voltage can be output to the high voltage output terminal 510. If the controller 1200 controls the second battery pack 400 to be connected to the first power supply circuit alone, then 400V high voltage can be output to the high voltage output terminal.

[0309] Understandable Figure 11 The voltage conversion circuit 201 in the circuit can be implemented using a unidirectional DC-DC converter or other voltage conversion devices.

[0310] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another battery system provided in an embodiment of this application is shown, such as... Figure 12 As shown, different from Figure 11In this embodiment, the precharge circuit 531 is eliminated, and a bidirectional DC-DC converter is selected in the voltage conversion circuit 201. The vehicle's battery can charge the vehicle's X capacitor through the voltage conversion circuit 201, thereby saving the precharge circuit 531 in the battery device 1100.

[0311] Figure 12 The working principle of the circuit shown can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 11 The circuit shown will not be described again here.

[0312] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system according to another embodiment of this application is provided. For example... Figure 13 As shown in some embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned at least two battery packs include a first battery pack 300 and a second battery pack 400. The first battery pack 300 is used to connect to a first load 610 to output a first voltage to the first load 610. The second battery pack 400 is used to connect to a second load 620 to output a second voltage to the second load 620. The second battery pack 400 is also connected to a voltage conversion circuit 201 to output the first voltage to the first load 610 through the voltage conversion circuit 201.

[0313] The first battery pack 300 can also be connected to the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 331, which converts the output voltage of the first battery pack 300 into a second voltage to power the second load 620, providing more low-voltage power supply redundancy. In the event of failure of both the second battery pack and the external battery, the second power supply circuit formed by the first battery pack 300 and the vehicle voltage conversion circuit can also provide the second voltage required by the second load.

[0314] In this embodiment, the first battery pack 300 provides a high-voltage output, and the second battery pack 400 provides a low-voltage output. Therefore, the first battery pack 300 can independently output a first voltage through the first power supply circuit 210 to power the first load 610. Since the second battery pack 400 provides a low-voltage output, a voltage conversion circuit 201 can be connected to power the first load 610. The voltage conversion circuit 201 boosts the output voltage of the second battery pack 400 to output the first voltage to power the first load 610, thereby achieving redundant high-voltage power supply for the battery system. Since the second battery pack 400 provides a low-voltage output, it can independently power the second load 620 through the second power supply circuit, cooperating with the vehicle power supply circuit to achieve redundant low-voltage power supply. The first battery pack 300 can also be connected to the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 331, which converts the output voltage of the first battery pack 300 into a second voltage to power the second load 620, achieving multi-path redundant low-voltage power supply.

[0315] In some embodiments, see Figure 14 As shown, the battery system 3000 may include a battery device 1100, which includes a first battery pack 300 and a second battery pack 400. The first battery pack 300 provides a first voltage to the high-voltage output terminal 510 through a first power supply circuit 210, and the second battery pack 400 provides a second voltage to the low-voltage output terminal 520 through a second power supply circuit 220.

[0316] Combination Figure 14 As shown, the switching circuit 202 may include switch 24, switch 25 and switch 26.

[0317] The following explanation uses the example of the first battery pack 300 having an output voltage of 400V and the second battery pack 400 having an output voltage of 48 / 12V.

[0318] In driving mode, if the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 are working normally, the switches K24 and K25 can be closed, the switch K26 can be opened, the main positive relay K43 and the main negative relay K41 can be closed, the charging positive relay K81 and the charging negative relay K82 can be opened, and the high voltage output terminal 510 outputs 400V from the first battery pack 300.

[0319] When the first battery pack 300 is supplying power normally and the second battery pack 400 malfunctions, control switch K26 closes, switches 24 and 25 open, main positive relay K43 and main negative relay K41 close, and charging positive relay K81 and charging negative relay K82 open. This disconnects the second battery pack 200, allowing the first battery pack 300 to provide the first voltage to the first load 610, and the first voltage converter 2011 to provide the second voltage to the second load 620.

[0320] If the first battery pack 300 malfunctions while the second battery pack 400 is supplying power normally, switches 24, 25, and 26 can be opened, the main positive relay K43 and the main negative relay K41 can be closed, and the charging positive relay K81 and the charging negative relay K82 can be opened. The second battery pack 400 can then boost the voltage via the first voltage converter 2011 to provide the first voltage to the first load 610. The second battery pack 400 can also provide the second voltage.

[0321] Please see Figure 15 , Figure 15 A schematic diagram of another circuit structure of the battery system 3000 provided in this application is shown. In some embodiments, such as Figure 15As shown, the first load 610 is a high-voltage drive load, the output voltage of the first battery pack 300 is the first voltage, and the output voltage of the second battery pack 400 is the second voltage. The voltage conversion circuit 201 includes a bidirectional voltage conversion device (bidirectional DC-DC as an example) for explanation.

[0322] In driving mode, with the first battery pack 300 operating normally, the controller 1200 can control the operation of the switching circuit 202 to ensure that the first battery pack 300 provides a 400V supply voltage to the first load, allowing the drive system to operate at 400V. Simultaneously, the controller 1200 can determine whether the voltage conversion circuit 201 needs to boost the output voltage of the second battery pack 400 before supplying power to the first load, based on driving requirements. If the first battery pack 300 malfunctions, the switching circuit 202 cuts off its power supply, and the second battery pack 400, through the voltage conversion circuit 201, provides a 400V supply voltage to the first load 300, thus providing redundant backup power for the high-voltage drive load.

[0323] In charging mode, the controller 1200 can charge the first battery pack 300 through the charging pile, and convert the voltage output by the first battery pack 300 into the charging voltage required by the second battery pack 400 through the voltage conversion circuit 201, thereby realizing the charging of the second battery pack 400.

[0324] Combination Figure 15 As shown, taking the output voltage of the first battery pack 300 as 400V as an example, in driving mode, if the first battery pack 300 is working normally, the control switch K23 is closed, the main positive relay K43 and the main negative relay K41 are closed, and the charging positive relay K81 and the charging negative relay K82 are open. This allows the first battery pack 300 to output 400V high voltage through the high voltage output terminal 510, so that the drive system can work with 400V as the working voltage, meeting the normal working requirements of the drive system within the vehicle 1000.

[0325] In this embodiment, if the first battery pack 300 malfunctions while the second battery pack 400 operates normally, the control switch K23 is disconnected, and the second battery pack 400 outputs 400V high voltage to the high voltage output terminal 510 through the voltage conversion circuit 201, so that the drive system operates with 400V as the working voltage, meeting the normal operation requirements of the drive system in the vehicle 1000 and improving the power supply stability of the battery system.

[0326] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 15As shown, the high voltage output terminal 510 can also be connected to the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 330, which converts the first voltage output from the high voltage output terminal 510 into a second voltage to supply power to the second load 620.

[0327] When the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 330 is working normally, the first voltage output from the high voltage output terminal 510 of the battery device 1100 can be converted into a second voltage through the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 330 to supply power to the second load. In the event of a failure of the vehicle voltage conversion circuit 330, the second load 310 can be supplied through the second battery pack 400, or the output voltage of the first battery pack can be converted into a second voltage through the voltage conversion circuit 201 to supply power to the second load, thereby realizing a redundant backup power supply for low-voltage loads and improving the power supply stability of low-voltage loads.

[0328] In some embodiments, the voltage conversion circuit 201 includes a first voltage conversion device 2011; a first battery pack 300 is connected to a first load 610 to output a first voltage to the first load 610; a second battery pack 400 is connected to the first voltage conversion device 2011 to output the first voltage to the first load 610 through the first voltage conversion device 2011; and the first battery pack 300 is connected to the first voltage conversion device 2011 to output a second voltage to the second load 620 through the first voltage conversion device 2011.

[0329] The first voltage conversion device 2011 can specifically be a DC-to-DC converter (DCDC). Since the first voltage conversion device 2011 can convert the output voltage of the first battery pack 300 to the second voltage or the output voltage of the second battery pack 400 to the first voltage, the first voltage conversion device 2011 can specifically be a bidirectional DC-DC converter.

[0330] The embodiments of this application can reduce the number of voltage conversion devices required, saving costs and space.

[0331] In some embodiments of this application, the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 respectively provide a first voltage to the first load 610; at least a portion of the battery cells of the first battery pack 300 or at least a portion of the battery cells of the second battery pack 400 are connected to a voltage conversion circuit 201 for providing a second voltage to the second load 620 through the voltage conversion circuit 201.

[0332] In this embodiment of the application, at least some of the battery cells in the first battery pack 300 or at least some of the battery cells in the second battery pack 400 can output a second voltage through the voltage conversion circuit 201. The voltage conversion circuit 201 can be used as an electrical isolation device. For example, the voltage conversion circuit 201 can be configured as a Flyback with low power consumption, thereby saving implementation costs.

[0333] In some embodiments of this application, a first battery pack 300 is used to provide a first voltage to a first load 610, and a second battery pack 400 is used to provide a second voltage to a second load 620; at least a portion of the individual cells of the second battery pack 400 are connected to a voltage conversion circuit 201, which is used to provide the first voltage to the first load 610 through the voltage conversion circuit 201.

[0334] In this embodiment of the application, at least some of the battery cells in the second battery pack 400 are used as power sources for high-voltage redundant power supply, which enables the second battery pack 400 to output different voltages at the same time, increasing the application scenarios of the second battery pack 400.

[0335] Please see Figure 16 In some embodiments of this application, at least two battery packs include n third battery packs 710 and m fourth battery packs 810; where n is a positive integer greater than 2, m is a positive integer, at least two of the n third battery packs 710 output a first voltage to the first load through the first power supply circuit; the m fourth battery packs 810 provide a second voltage to the second load through the second power supply circuit. Figure 16 As shown, the first third battery pack 711 outputs a first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 2011, the nth third battery pack 71n outputs a first voltage to the first load 610 through the first power supply circuit 201n, and the fourth battery pack 810 can provide a second voltage to the second load 620 through the second power supply circuit 220.

[0336] In this embodiment, at least two third battery packs 710 can form two high-voltage redundant power supplies, and the fourth battery pack 810 can provide low-voltage power supply. Together with the vehicle power supply circuit, the battery system can also have redundant backup power supplies for the first load 610 and the second load 620.

[0337] In this embodiment, n third battery packs 710 output a first voltage to a first load 610 through n first power supply circuits 210, and m fourth battery packs 810 provide a second voltage to a second load 620 through two second power supply circuits 220. If one of the battery packs malfunctions, another battery pack can be selected to supply power to the outside, thereby improving the power supply stability of the battery system.

[0338] Please see Figure 17 , Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the battery system provided in the embodiments of this application is given, such as... Figure 17 As shown, the battery device 1100 may include two third battery packs, namely third battery pack 711 and third battery pack 712, and a fourth battery pack 810.

[0339] In some embodiments, see Figure 17 As shown, the battery system 3000 includes a third battery pack 711, a third battery pack 712, and a fourth battery pack 810. The fourth battery pack 810 is connected to a main positive relay and a main negative relay via a voltage conversion circuit 201. The controller can control the voltage conversion circuit 201 to convert the second voltage provided by the fourth battery pack 810 into a first voltage, and output it to the high voltage output port 510 via the main positive relay and the main negative relay to supply power to the first load 610.

[0340] In this embodiment, the third battery pack 711 and the third battery pack 712 can be connected in series via the first switch K71, and can also be connected in parallel via the second switches K72 and K73. Furthermore, the voltage conversion circuit 201 converts the first voltage provided by the third battery pack 711 and the third battery pack 712 into a second voltage, which is then output to the low-voltage power supply terminal 520 to power the second load 620. The voltage conversion circuit 203 can also convert the first voltage provided by the third battery pack 711 and the third battery pack 712 into a second voltage, which is then output to the low-voltage power supply terminal 520 to power the second load 620. In the event of an abnormality in any of the battery packs or voltage conversion circuits 201, another battery pack can be selected to output a first voltage to the high-voltage output port 510 through a corresponding power supply circuit to power the first load 610. In addition, another battery pack can be selected to output a second voltage to the low-voltage output port 520 through a corresponding power supply circuit to power the second load 620. This reduces the safety hazards caused by the power failure of the first load 610 and the second load 620. Thus, it is determined that both the first load 610 and the second load 620 can have at least two power supply circuits to supply them, which is beneficial to improving the stable operation of the vehicle's internal electronic control system and drive system.

[0341] In some embodiments, the output voltage of the third battery pack 711 and the third battery pack 712 is 400V. Figure 17The working principle of the battery system 3000 is explained below. The controller can turn on the first switch K71 and turn off the second switch K72 and the second switch K73. The third battery pack 711 and the third battery pack 712 are connected in series. The battery pack 101 connected in series can output a second voltage to the low voltage output port 520 through the voltage conversion circuit 201. It can also output an 800V power supply voltage to the high voltage output port 510 through the main positive relay K43 and the main negative relay K41 to supply power to the first load 610. If any of the third battery pack 711, voltage conversion circuit 202, fourth battery pack 810, and voltage conversion circuit 201 malfunctions, or if all of them malfunction simultaneously, the third battery pack 712 can provide a second voltage to the low-voltage output port 520 through the voltage conversion circuit 203 to power the second load 620. Furthermore, when the third battery pack 711 malfunctions, the controller can control the second switch K72 to turn on and the first switch K71 and the second switch K73 to turn off. The third battery pack 712 will then output a 400V power supply voltage to the high-voltage output port 510 through the main positive relay K43 and the main negative relay K41 to power the first load 610, thereby improving the power supply stability of the vehicle during driving, realizing seamless power supply switching, and enhancing vehicle safety.

[0342] In some embodiments, the third battery pack 711 and the third battery pack 712 may be the first battery pack 300, and the fourth battery pack 810 may be the second battery pack 400.

[0343] In some embodiments, see Figure 18 As shown, the battery system also includes a third power supply circuit 230, which is connected to at least two battery packs, and the at least two battery packs charge each other through the third power supply circuit 230.

[0344] In this embodiment of the application, one battery pack in the battery system can charge other battery packs through the third power supply circuit 230, and other battery packs can also charge the battery pack through the third power supply circuit 230. This can achieve power balance among multiple battery packs, or select one battery pack as the main battery to supply power to an external load, and the other battery packs as backup batteries. When the main battery has a low power, the backup batteries can replenish the main battery, thereby improving the battery system's range and power supply stability.

[0345] In some embodiments, see Figure 19 As shown, at least two battery packs include a fifth battery pack 901 and a sixth battery pack 902; the fifth battery pack 901 and the sixth battery pack 902 are connected to a third power supply circuit 230, the fifth battery pack 901 is used to charge the sixth battery pack 902 through the third power supply circuit 230, or the sixth battery pack 902 is used to charge the fifth battery pack 901 through the third power supply circuit 230.

[0346] In this embodiment, the fifth battery pack 901 can charge the sixth battery pack 902 through the third power supply circuit 230, and the sixth battery pack 902 can also charge the fifth battery pack 901 through the third power supply circuit 230. In the battery system, either the fifth battery pack 901 or the sixth battery pack 902 can be selected as the main battery for supplying power to external loads, while the other battery pack serves as a backup battery. When the main battery's charge is low, the backup battery replenishes the main battery's power, thereby improving the battery system's range and power supply stability.

[0347] In some embodiments, the third power supply circuit 230 includes a voltage conversion circuit 201, a fifth battery pack 901 and a sixth battery pack 902 connected to the voltage conversion circuit 201, the fifth battery pack 901 being used to charge the sixth battery pack 902 through the voltage conversion circuit 201, and the sixth battery pack 902 being used to charge the fifth battery pack 901 through the voltage conversion circuit 201.

[0348] In this embodiment, the output voltage of the fifth battery pack 901 is different from that of the sixth battery pack 902. The fifth battery pack 901 can charge the sixth battery pack 902 through the voltage conversion circuit 201, and the sixth battery pack 902 can also charge the fifth battery pack 901 through the voltage conversion circuit 201. In the battery system, either the fifth battery pack 901 or the sixth battery pack 902 can be selected as the main battery to supply power to the external load, while the other battery pack serves as a backup battery. When the main battery's charge is low, the backup battery replenishes the main battery's power, thereby improving the battery system's range and power supply stability.

[0349] In some embodiments, the backup battery described above for replenishing power can be a primary battery. After the primary battery is replenished, the backup battery can be replaced by means of pack replacement, etc. Only the backup battery needs to be replaced to continue replenishing the main battery, reducing the impact of the backup battery's lifespan on the overall battery system's lifespan.

[0350] Please see Figures 21 to 22 In some embodiments, the housing is provided with a battery cavity, which includes a first battery cavity 1011 and a second battery cavity 1012. A first battery pack 300 is disposed in the first battery cavity 1011, and a second battery pack 400 is disposed in the second battery cavity 1012. A partition structure 30 is provided between the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012. The partition structure 30 is capable of blocking at least a portion of the emissions emitted by at least one of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 in the event of thermal runaway.

[0351] The housing includes a battery cavity and a partition structure 30. The battery cavity is used to accommodate individual battery cells. The partition structure 30 refers to a structure capable of dividing the internal space of the housing. For example, the partition structure 30 may include partition beams, partition plates, blocks, barrier nets, etc. The partition structure 30 divides the battery cavity, resulting in at least one first battery cavity 1011 and one second battery cavity 1012. The first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 can be arranged in various ways. For example, the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 can be arranged along the width direction of the housing.

[0352] In some examples, the first battery pack 300 includes one or more of the aforementioned battery packs, and the second battery pack 400 includes one or more of the aforementioned battery packs. The first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 may include different battery packs. The first battery cell 310 may refer to a battery cell in the first battery pack 300, and the second battery cell 410 may refer to a battery cell in the second battery pack 400.

[0353] The multiple first battery cells 310 can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to meet the voltage, current, and capacity requirements of the load. In this way, multiple smaller first battery cells 310 are combined into a first battery pack 300 with certain performance, improving the overall performance and reliability of the battery device.

[0354] The multiple second battery cells 410 can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to meet the voltage, current, and capacity requirements of the load. In this way, multiple smaller second battery cells 410 are combined into a second battery pack 400 with certain performance, improving the overall performance and reliability of the battery device.

[0355] In some examples, the first battery cell 310 and the second battery cell 410 may be of the same type or different types.

[0356] As an example, the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can also be connected to form a battery module, with some battery cells in the battery module forming the first battery pack 300 and other battery cells in the battery module forming the first battery pack 300.

[0357] When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature, high-pressure substances inside the battery cell are discharged outwards as waste. This method allows the battery cell to release pressure under controllable conditions, thereby preventing potentially more serious accidents.

[0358] The emissions from battery cells mentioned in this application include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of separators, high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by the reaction, flames, etc.

[0359] In some embodiments, the separator 30 may include a fully sealed structure and / or a semi-sealed structure, such that the separator 30 is able to block at least a portion of the emissions emitted after thermal runaway of the battery cell. For example, the separator 30 is able to block at least particles, including dissolved or broken positive and negative electrode sheets, fragments of separators, etc.; for example, the separator 30 may also be configured to block both particles and gases.

[0360] The partition structure 30 is disposed between the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012. If the first battery cell 310 in the first battery cavity 1011 experiences thermal runaway and generates emissions, the partition structure 30 can prevent the emissions from flowing into the second battery cavity 1012. If the second battery cell 410 in the second battery cavity 1012 experiences thermal runaway and generates emissions, the partition structure 30 can also prevent the emissions from flowing into the first battery cavity 1011.

[0361] By adopting the above technical solution, the first battery pack 300 is disposed in the first battery cavity 1011, and the second battery pack 400 is disposed in the second battery cavity 1012. A partition structure 30 capable of blocking at least part of the emissions is provided between the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012. Thus, if one of the first battery pack 300 or the second battery pack 400 experiences thermal runaway, the partition structure 30 can prevent emissions from flowing to the other battery pack, allowing the other battery pack to operate normally and provide power to the electrical device, thereby improving the operational reliability of the battery device. Simultaneously, because the partition structure 30 is provided between the first battery cavity 1011 containing the first battery cell 310 and the second battery cavity 1012 containing the second battery cell 410, the risk of thermal runaway of the entire battery device caused by thermal runaway of a single battery cell can be effectively reduced, and the risk of thermal runaway propagation is also reduced.

[0362] In some embodiments, the partition structure 30 is configured to seal and isolate the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012.

[0363] If the separation structure 30 can seal and isolate the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012, then the separation structure 30 can completely block the emissions generated after the thermal runaway of the battery cell, including particles and gases.

[0364] Optionally, the partition structure 30 includes a partition beam that is sealed to the inner wall of the housing 100 to seal and isolate the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012.

[0365] By adopting the above technical solution, the separation structure 30 can seal and isolate the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012, so that there is no gas flow between the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012. The emissions generated after thermal runaway of one of the first battery cell 310 and the second battery cell 410 will not be discharged into the cavity space of the other, further reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation between the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 and improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0366] In some embodiments, the housing includes a tray 10 and a cover 20, the cover 20 and the tray 10 are disposed opposite each other along a first direction, and the cover 20 covers the tray 10; the partition structure 30 divides the housing 100 into a first battery cavity 1011 and a second battery cavity 1012, and the partition structure 30 is connected to the cover 20 and the tray 10 on opposite sides along the first direction, respectively.

[0367] In some embodiments, the tray 10 and the cover 20 are aligned along a first direction ( Figure 22 The pallet 10 and the cover 20 are arranged opposite each other in the Z-direction and together form the accommodating space of the box 100, where the first direction is the height direction of the box 100. One end of the pallet 10 has an opening, and the cover 20 covers the pallet 10 and closes the opening. Optionally, the pallet 10 includes a base plate and a frame, the base plate and the cover 20 are arranged opposite each other in the first direction, and the two ends of the frame are respectively connected to the base plate and the cover 20. The base plate and the frame can be an integral structure or separate and fixedly connected structures.

[0368] The cover 20 can be a plate or a box with one end open. When the battery device is installed in the electrical device, the cover 20 can be a top cover 20 located above the tray 10 or a bottom cover 20 located below the tray 10.

[0369] A partition structure 30 is disposed within the housing 100 and is used to divide the housing 100 into a first battery cavity 1011 and a second battery cavity 1012. The partition structure 30 enables the first battery cavity 1011 to be fully or partially sealed. The partition structure 30 is connected to the cover 20 and the tray 10 on opposite sides along a first direction. For example, the partition structure 30 includes a partition beam that extends along the length of the housing 100. The two ends of the partition beam along the first direction are connected to the cover 20 and the tray 10, respectively, and the two ends of the partition beam along its extension direction are connected to the inner wall of the tray 10, thereby enabling the partition beam to divide the housing into the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 arranged along its width direction. It is understood that the partition structure 30 can also be other structures. For example, the partition structure 30 divides the housing 100 into a first battery cavity 1011 and a second battery cavity 1012 arranged along its length direction. Or, the partition structure 30 divides the housing 100 into a first battery cavity 1011 and a second battery cavity 1012 arranged along a first direction.

[0370] By adopting the above technical solution, the partition structure 30 can connect the cover 20 and the tray 10, and divide the space inside the box 100 into the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012. The partition structure 30 simultaneously plays the role of spatial isolation and blocking emissions, and has a simple structure.

[0371] In some embodiments, the cover 20 seals the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012. The housing also includes a sealing element 40, and a sealing element 40 is provided between the partition structure 30 and the cover 20, and / or between the cover 20 and the tray 10.

[0372] The space inside the tray 10 can accommodate the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400, and the cover 20 is sealed on the tray 10, so that the cover 20 can seal the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012.

[0373] The housing 100 also includes a sealing element 40, which is a structural component used for sealing. The sealing element 40 can be a gasket, seal, sealing film, etc., and the material of the sealing element 40 can be silicone, rubber, foam, or composite material. The sealing element 40 can seal the gap between the separating structure 30 and the housing 100.

[0374] For example, a sealing element 40 is provided between the partition structure 30 and the cover 20, so that the sealing element 40 can seal the gap between the partition structure 30 and the cover 20. For example, the partition structure 30 is a partition beam fixedly provided in the tray 10, and the partition structure 30 and the tray 10 can be integrally formed, then the sealing element 40 only needs to be provided between the partition structure 30 and the cover 20.

[0375] For example, a seal 40 is provided between the partition structure 30 and the tray 10, so that the seal 40 can seal the gap between the partition structure 30 and the tray 10.

[0376] In some embodiments, a sealing element 40 is provided between the cover 20 and the tray 10, which can seal the gap between the cover 20 and the tray 10, so that the sealing performance between the cover 20 and the tray 10 is better.

[0377] In some embodiments, the seal 40 is an integral structure including a sealing frame and a sealing strip disposed within the sealing frame. The sealing frame is located between the cover 20 and the tray 10, and the sealing strip is located on one side of the partition structure 30 along the first direction. This not only provides a good sealing effect but also facilitates assembly. It is understood that multiple seals 40 can also be provided separately.

[0378] By setting the seal 40, the sealing effect between the partition structure 30 and the cover 20 and / or tray 10 can be improved, thereby improving the sealing and isolation effect between the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012, reducing the risk of emissions flowing between different cavities and the risk of thermal runaway propagation.

[0379] like Figure 23 As shown, in some embodiments, the housing has an output interface 700 for connecting to the power supply circuit of the load; a plurality of first battery cells 310 in the first battery pack 300 are electrically connected to each other and form a first main terminal 320; a plurality of second battery cells 410 in the second battery pack 400 are electrically connected to each other and form a second main terminal 420; the housing is also provided with an electrical cavity for accommodating electrical components 200, at least some of the electrical components 200 are electrically connected to the first main terminal 320 and the output interface, at least some of the electrical components 200 are electrically connected to the second main terminal 420 and the output interface, and the output interface 700 passes through the cavity wall of the electrical cavity.

[0380] Electrical component 200 includes parts for managing and distributing electrical energy output and input of the battery device, and may also include electrical components 200 for managing and detecting the operation of the battery device.

[0381] The power supply circuit of the load can refer to the power supply circuit of the load. The output interface is connected to the power supply circuit of the load, and the electrical device can supply power to the load.

[0382] The output interface 700 can refer to an electrical connection interface on the cavity wall of the electrical cavity. The output interface 700 can be electrically connected to the first main terminal 320 through some or all of the electrical components 200. The output interface can also be electrically connected to the second main terminal 420 through some or all of the electrical components 200. The output interface is electrically connected to the first main terminal 320 and the second main terminal 420, and the output interface is connected to the power supply circuit of the load, so that the electrical energy of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can be output to the load to supply power to the load. The output interface 700 is also a connection bridge between the battery device 1100 and the load, and has the function of realizing electrical energy transmission.

[0383] The wall of the electrical cavity is provided with a through hole, and the output interface 700 is sealed and installed in the through hole, and exposed outside the enclosure to facilitate the electrical connection between the output interface and the load.

[0384] In some examples, output interface 700 may include one or more connectors, and the number of loads may be one or more. Multiple loads may be electrically connected to the battery device through one connector, or multiple loads may be electrically connected to the battery device through multiple connectors. Connectors may be socket connectors, plug connectors, terminal block connectors, etc. Loads may include, but are not limited to, motors, air conditioners, compressors, batteries, etc.

[0385] In use, both the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can supply power to the load through the output interface, and both the first main terminal 320 and the second main terminal 420 are configured to connect and disconnect from the load.

[0386] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the output interface can be directly passed through the cavity wall of the electrical cavity, which can shorten the wiring distance.

[0387] In some embodiments, the load includes a first load, and the output interface includes a first output interface for connecting a power supply circuit to the first load; the electrical component 200 includes a first voltage conversion device, and at least one of a first main terminal 320 and a second main terminal 420 is electrically connected to the first output interface through a first voltage conversion module to provide a first voltage to the first load, the first voltage range being greater than or equal to 150V.

[0388] The first load can refer to a load with a supply voltage of the first voltage; the first voltage is greater than or equal to 150V, and the first voltage can be any value above 150V; for example, the first voltage can be, but is not limited to, 150V, 200V, 250V, 300V, 350V, 400V, 500V, 600V, 700V, 800V, 1000V, and 1500V. For ease of explanation, in the embodiments of this application, the first voltage is referred to as high voltage, and the first load is referred to as high voltage load.

[0389] As an example, in a vehicle, loads are divided into high-voltage loads and low-voltage loads. High-voltage loads can include at least one of the vehicle's front-wheel drive system and rear-wheel drive system. The front-wheel drive system is used to drive the front wheels of the vehicle forward, backward, and steer, while the rear-wheel drive system is used to drive the rear wheels of the vehicle forward, backward, and steer. Low-voltage loads include loads such as the vehicle's electronic control system, in-vehicle refrigerator, in-vehicle air conditioner, and 12V / 48V battery.

[0390] The power supply circuit of the first load can refer to the power supply circuit of the first load. The first output interface is electrically connected to the power supply circuit of the first load, and the battery device can supply power to the first load.

[0391] The first output interface can refer to the interface in the output interface used for electrical connection with the first load. The first output interface is electrically connected to the first main terminal 320 and the second main terminal 420, and the first output interface is connected to the power supply circuit of the first load, so that both the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can output to provide the first voltage to the first load.

[0392] The voltage at the first main terminal 320 is the output voltage of the first battery pack 300. The voltage at the second main terminal 420 is the output voltage of the second battery pack 400.

[0393] The first voltage conversion module is used to convert the voltage at the corresponding main terminal into a first voltage. When the voltage output by the first battery pack 300 and / or the second battery pack 400 differs from the first voltage required by the first load, the first voltage conversion module is needed to achieve voltage matching. For example, if the voltage output from the corresponding main terminal is higher than the first voltage of the first load, the first voltage conversion module may perform a step-down operation; conversely, if the voltage output from the corresponding main terminal is lower than the first voltage of the first load, it may perform a step-up operation. The first voltage conversion module can be, but is not limited to, a DC-DC converter, a linear regulator, a transformer-type voltage converter, etc. The first voltage conversion module can be a unidirectional voltage conversion module or a bidirectional voltage conversion module.

[0394] In some examples, the first main terminal 320 is electrically connected to the first load via a first voltage conversion module, which converts the voltage of the first main terminal 320 into a first voltage so that the first battery pack 300 can supply power to the first load.

[0395] In some examples, the second main terminal 420 is electrically connected to the first load via a first voltage conversion module, which converts the voltage of the second main terminal 420 into a first voltage so that the second battery pack 400 can supply power to the first load.

[0396] In some examples, both the first main terminal 320 and the second main terminal 420 are electrically connected to the first load through a first voltage conversion module. The first voltage conversion module is used to convert the voltage of the first main terminal 320 and the second main terminal 420 into a first voltage, so that both the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can supply power to the first load.

[0397] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, when the voltage of the first main terminal 320 and / or the second main terminal 420 is not the first voltage, it can be converted into the first voltage required by the first load through the first voltage conversion module, enabling the first load to work normally and improving the compatibility and versatility of the entire battery device. Simultaneously, by converting the voltage, damage to the first load from excessively high or low voltages is reduced, extending the service life of the first load and increasing the flexibility and adaptability of the battery device. Furthermore, the first voltage conversion module and the electrical components 200 within the electrical cavity are highly integrated, occupying a small volume. Placing the first voltage conversion module within the electrical cavity reduces the impact of battery thermal runaway on the first voltage conversion module.

[0398] In some embodiments, the load includes a second load, and the output interface includes a second output interface for connecting a power supply circuit to the second load; the electrical component 200 includes a second voltage conversion device, and at least one of the second main terminal 420 and the second main terminal 420 is electrically connected to the second output interface through a second voltage conversion module to provide a second voltage to the second load, the second voltage being less than or equal to 60V.

[0399] The second load can refer to a load whose supply voltage is a second voltage; the second voltage is less than or equal to 60V, and the second voltage can be any value above or below 60V; for example, the second voltage can be, but is not limited to, 1V, 5V, 10V, 12V, 24V, 28V, 30V, 45V, 48V, 50V, 55V, and 60V. For ease of explanation, in the embodiments of this application, the second voltage is referred to as low voltage, and the second load is referred to as low-voltage load.

[0400] The power supply circuit of the second load can refer to the power supply circuit of the second load. The second output interface is electrically connected to the power supply circuit of the second load, and the battery device can supply power to the second load.

[0401] The second voltage conversion module is used to convert the voltage at the corresponding main terminal into a second voltage. When the voltage output by the first battery pack 300 and / or the second battery pack 400 differs from the second voltage required by the second load, the second voltage conversion module is needed to achieve voltage matching. For example, if the voltage output from the corresponding main terminal is higher than the second voltage of the second load, the second voltage conversion module may perform a step-down operation; conversely, if the voltage output from the corresponding main terminal is lower than the second voltage of the second load, it may perform a step-up operation. The second voltage conversion module can be, but is not limited to, a DC-DC converter, a linear regulator, a transformer-type voltage converter, etc.

[0402] In some examples, the first main terminal 320 is electrically connected to the second load via a second voltage conversion module, which converts the voltage of the first main terminal 320 into a second voltage so that the first battery pack 300 can supply power to the second load.

[0403] In some examples, the second main terminal 420 is electrically connected to the second load via a second voltage conversion module, which converts the voltage of the second main terminal 420 into a second voltage so that the second battery pack 400 can supply power to the second load.

[0404] In some examples, the first main terminal 320 and the second main terminal 420 are electrically connected to the second load through a second voltage conversion module. The second voltage conversion module is used to convert the voltages of the first main terminal 320 and the second main terminal 420 into a second voltage, so that both the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can supply power to the second load.

[0405] In some cases, electrical devices (e.g., vehicles) typically have a built-in battery circuit that provides a second voltage to a second load. This embodiment adds an additional circuit that uses the first battery pack 300 and / or the second battery pack 400 to provide the second voltage to the second load, forming two power supply circuits for the second load. This creates a low-voltage redundant system. If the original power supply circuit for the second load fails, the first battery pack 300 and / or the second battery pack 400 can still supply power to the load, allowing the second load to continue operating stably. Furthermore, the second voltage conversion module and the electrical components 200 within the electrical cavity are highly integrated, resulting in a small footprint. Placing the second voltage conversion module within the electrical cavity reduces the impact of battery thermal runaway on the first voltage conversion module.

[0406] In some embodiments, the load includes a first load, and the output interface includes a first output interface for connecting a power supply circuit to the first load; the electrical component 200 includes a first voltage conversion device, and at least one of a first main terminal 320 and a second main terminal 420 is electrically connected to the first output interface through a first voltage conversion module to provide a first voltage to the first load, the first voltage being greater than or equal to 150V; the load includes a second load, and the output interface includes a second output interface for connecting a power supply circuit to the second load; the electrical component 200 includes a second voltage conversion device, and at least one of a second main terminal 420 and a second main terminal 420 is electrically connected to the second output interface through a second voltage conversion module to provide a second voltage to the second load, the second voltage being less than or equal to 60V.

[0407] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, an additional circuit is added to provide a second voltage to the second load using the first battery pack 300 and / or the second battery pack 400, forming a redundant power supply system for the second load. Thus, if the original power supply circuit for the second load fails, the first battery pack 300 and / or the second battery pack 400 can still supply power to the load, allowing the second load to continue operating stably. Furthermore, the first and second voltage conversion modules are highly integrated with the electrical components 200 within the electrical cavity, resulting in a small footprint. Placing the first and second voltage conversion modules within the electrical cavity reduces the impact of battery thermal runaway on the first voltage conversion module.

[0408] In some embodiments, the housing 100 is further provided with an electrical cavity for accommodating electrical components 200. The housing 100 is provided with an electrical cavity partition 50, which is used to seal and isolate the electrical cavity from the first battery cavity 1011 and / or the second battery cavity 1012. The electrical cavity partition 50 is provided with a mounting hole. The battery device also includes an adapter 51, which is sealed through the mounting hole. One end of the adapter 51 is electrically connected to at least one of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400, and the other end of the adapter 51 is electrically connected to at least a portion of the electrical components 200 in the electrical cavity.

[0409] The electrical cavity separator 50 seals and isolates the electrical cavity from the first battery cavity 1011, and also seals and isolates the electrical cavity from the second battery cavity 1012. It can be understood that the electrical cavity separator 50 may also seal and isolate one of the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 from the electrical cavity, while the other may be connected to or partially sealed and isolated from the electrical cavity. For example, if the thermal runaway risk of the first battery pack 300 is higher than that of the second battery pack 400, then the electrical cavity separator 50 will seal and isolate the first battery cavity 1011 from the electrical cavity.

[0410] The electrical cavity partition 50 is a partition that can provide a sealing and isolation function. Optionally, the electrical cavity partition 50 may include structures such as partition beams, partition plates, and sealing strips.

[0411] In some embodiments, the electrical cavity and battery cavity 101 are located on the same layer of the housing 100, and the electrical cavity partition 50 is a partition beam structure. Optionally, the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 are arranged along the length direction of the housing 100, while the electrical cavity and battery cavity 101 are arranged along the width direction of the housing 100, so that the partition structure 30 intersects the electrical cavity partition 50 perpendicularly. It can be understood that the structure of the electrical cavity partition 50 can be set according to the structure and position of the electrical cavity. In other embodiments, the electrical cavity and the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 are arranged in two layers. Optionally, the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 are located on one layer, and the electrical cavity is located on another layer. In this case, the electrical cavity partition 50 is a partition plate.

[0412] The adapter 51 is a conductive adapter element. The electrical cavity separator 50 has a mounting hole, which is a through hole. The adapter 51 is sealed and inserted through the mounting hole. Optionally, the adapter 51 is provided with a sealing component. The adapter 51 is inserted through the mounting hole, and the gap between the mounting hole and the adapter 51 is sealed by the sealing component.

[0413] Optionally, the first battery cavity 1011 is sealed and isolated from the electrical cavity, and the first battery cavity 1011 is isolated from the second battery cavity 1012. The two ends of the adapter 51 are located in the first battery cavity 1011 and the electrical cavity, respectively. One end of the adapter 51 is electrically connected to the first battery pack 300, and the other end is electrically connected to the electrical component 200 in the electrical cavity, so that the first battery pack 300 is electrically connected to the electrical component 200 through the adapter 51. In this way, when the first battery cavity 1011 experiences thermal runaway, the impact on the electrical cavity and the second battery cavity 1012 can be reduced.

[0414] Optionally, the second battery cavity 1012 is sealed and isolated from the electrical cavity, and the first battery cavity 1011 is isolated from the second battery cavity 1012. The two ends of the adapter 51 are located in the second battery cavity 1012 and the electrical cavity, respectively. One end of the adapter 51 is electrically connected to the second main terminal 420, and the other end is electrically connected to the electrical component 200 in the electrical cavity, so that the second battery pack 400 is electrically connected to the electrical component 200 through the adapter 51. In this way, when the first battery cavity 1011 experiences thermal runaway, the impact on the electrical cavity and the first battery cavity 1011 can be reduced.

[0415] Preferably, the electrical cavity is sealed and isolated from both the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012, so that the emissions generated after the thermal runaway of the first battery cell 310 and / or the second battery cell 410 are not easily discharged into the electrical cavity, making the electrical component 200 less susceptible to the effects of thermal runaway of the battery cells, thus reducing the impact of thermal runaway on the battery device. Furthermore, if both the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can be connected to the load through the electrical component 200, if one of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 experiences thermal runaway, the other may still be electrically connected to the load through the electrical component 200 in the electrical cavity, so that the battery device can still supply power to the load, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0416] See Figure 24 In some embodiments, the housing is provided with at least one pressure relief mechanism 61, and the housing is provided with a pressure relief chamber 12. The pressure relief mechanism 61 is connected to the pressure relief chamber 12. The first battery chamber 1011 can be connected to the pressure relief chamber 12 when the first battery pack 300 experiences thermal runaway. The second battery chamber 1012 can be connected to the pressure relief chamber 12 when the second battery pack 400 experiences thermal runaway.

[0417] The pressure relief mechanism 61 on the enclosure can release the pressure inside the enclosure when actuated. The pressure relief mechanism 61 can be in the form of an explosion-proof valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve or a safety valve, and can specifically adopt a pressure-sensitive element or structure. When the pressure relief mechanism 61 performs an action or a weak part provided in the pressure relief mechanism 61 breaks, an opening or channel is formed for the internal pressure to be released.

[0418] "Actuation" of the pressure relief mechanism 61 means that the pressure relief mechanism 61 is activated or moved to a certain state, thereby releasing the internal pressure of the housing. The actions of the pressure relief mechanism 61 may include, but are not limited to: at least a part of the pressure relief mechanism 61 ruptures, breaks, is torn, or opens, etc.

[0419] The housing is equipped with one or more pressure relief mechanisms 61, such as Figure 24 As shown, in some embodiments, the housing is provided with at least one pressure relief mechanism 61, and the housing 100 is provided with a pressure relief chamber 12, with the pressure relief mechanism 61 connected to the pressure relief chamber 12. If the first battery pack 300 experiences thermal runaway, the first battery chamber 1011 can connect to the pressure relief chamber 12 and, under preset conditions, relieve pressure through the pressure relief mechanism 61; if the second battery pack 400 experiences thermal runaway, the second battery chamber 1012 can connect to the pressure relief chamber 12 and, under preset conditions, relieve pressure through the pressure relief mechanism 61.

[0420] By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting up the pressure relief chamber 12, a pressure relief space is formed on the housing 100. Both the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can release pressure to the outside of the housing through the pressure relief chamber 12 and the pressure relief mechanism 61, thereby reducing the impact of thermal runaway of one battery pack on the other battery pack. Furthermore, the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can share a pressure relief chamber 12 and the pressure relief mechanism 61, reducing the cost of the pressure relief mechanism 61.

[0421] Please see again Figure 22 In some embodiments, the housing 100 is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism 62 and a second pressure relief mechanism 63, the first battery cavity 1011 is correspondingly provided with the first pressure relief mechanism 62, and the second battery cavity 1012 is correspondingly provided with the second pressure relief mechanism 63.

[0422] The first battery chamber 1011 is correspondingly arranged with the first pressure relief mechanism 62, so that the discharge in the first battery chamber 1011 can be discharged to the outside of the housing 100 through the first pressure relief mechanism 62. The second battery chamber 1012 is correspondingly arranged with the second pressure relief mechanism 63, so that the discharge in the first battery chamber 1011 can be discharged to the outside of the housing 100 through the second pressure relief mechanism 63.

[0423] Since the first battery chamber 1011 and the second battery chamber 1012 are isolated, by setting a first pressure relief mechanism 62 corresponding to the first battery chamber 1011 and a second pressure relief mechanism 63 corresponding to the second battery chamber 1012, the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 can be pressured independently, and are less likely to affect each other, thus improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0424] It is understood that there are more than two pressure relief mechanisms 61. For example, if the housing has a sealed and isolated first battery chamber 1011, second battery chamber 1012 and third battery chamber 101, then there can be three pressure relief mechanisms 61.

[0425] Please see Figures 21 to 25 In some embodiments, the battery device further includes a thermal management component 70 for thermal management of the first battery pack 300 and / or the second battery pack 400.

[0426] When an electrochemical reaction occurs inside a battery cell, heat is generated. As the battery is cycled, the cells continuously generate heat, causing the internal temperature of the battery device to gradually rise, affecting its performance. The thermal management component 70 is used to regulate the temperature of the battery cells, including cooling them or heating them in low-temperature environments to bring them back to their normal operating temperature range.

[0427] The thermal management component 70 has a heat exchange channel for the flow of a heat exchange medium, which can be a fluid (liquid) or a gas. Temperature regulation refers to heating or cooling multiple battery cells. Optionally, the fluid can be circulating to achieve better temperature regulation. The fluid can be water, a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, or air, etc. For example, when cooling or lowering the temperature of battery cells, the thermal management component 70 contains a cooling fluid to reduce the temperature of multiple battery cells. In this case, the thermal management component 70 can also be called a cooling component, cooling system, or cooling plate, and the fluid it contains can be called a cooling medium or cooling fluid, more specifically, a coolant or a cooling gas. When the fluid contained in the thermal management component 70 is a coolant, the thermal management component 70 can also be called a liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate contacts the battery cells and can be used to reduce the temperature of the battery cells to prevent thermal runaway.

[0428] In this embodiment, the thermal management component 70 can perform thermal management on at least one of the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400, so that the first battery pack 300 and / or the second battery pack 400 can operate within the optimal operating range, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the battery device and extending the service life of the battery device.

[0429] In some embodiments, the thermal management component 70 includes at least a first sub-thermal management component 71 and a second sub-thermal management component 72, wherein the first sub-thermal management component 71 is used to perform thermal management on the first battery pack 300 and the second sub-thermal management component 72 is used to perform thermal management on the second battery pack 400.

[0430] The first sub-thermal management component 71 is correspondingly disposed with the first battery pack 300, and the second sub-thermal management component 72 is correspondingly disposed with the second battery pack 400. In some embodiments, the battery cavity 101 includes a first battery cavity 1011 and a second battery cavity 1012, then the first sub-thermal management component 71 is correspondingly disposed with the first battery cavity 1011, and the second sub-thermal management component 72 is correspondingly disposed with the second battery cavity 1012.

[0431] In some other embodiments, the first battery cell 310 and the second battery cell 410 are not isolated, in which case the first sub-thermal management component 71 corresponds to the first battery cell 310 and the second sub-thermal management component 72 corresponds to the second battery cell 410.

[0432] The first sub-thermal management component 71 and the second sub-thermal management component 72 may be of the same or different types.

[0433] For example, the first thermal management component 70 and the second sub-thermal management component 72 are both thermal management components 70 used to exchange heat on the large surface of the battery cell. The first thermal management component 70 includes a first heat exchange tube 711 and a first current collector 712, and the second thermal management component 70 includes a second heat exchange tube 721 and a second current collector 722.

[0434] Optionally, the heat exchange areas of the first thermal management component 70 and the second thermal management component 72 are different. For example, the first heat exchange tube 711 in the first thermal management component 70 is relatively sparse, and a single large surface of the first battery cell 310 exchanges heat with the first heat exchange tube 711; the second heat exchange tube 721 in the second thermal management component 70 is relatively dense, and both large surfaces of the second battery cell 410 exchange heat with the second heat exchange tube 721. The aforementioned "large surface" refers to the surface with the largest area in the battery cell.

[0435] Optionally, the first thermal management component 70 is a heat exchange plate for cooling the bottom of the battery cell, and the second thermal management component 70 is a thermal management component 70 for heat exchange on the large surface of the battery cell, which includes a plurality of second heat exchange tubes 721 and second current collectors 722.

[0436] In addition, the first thermal management component 70 and / or the second sub-thermal management component 72 may also be thermal management components 70 that exchange heat on the shoulder of the battery cell.

[0437] By adopting the above technical solution, the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 respectively perform thermal management through corresponding sub-thermal management components. The structures of the first thermal management component 70 and the second sub-thermal management component 72 can be flexibly configured to adapt to the heat exchange requirements of the battery packs. Furthermore, if one sub-thermal management component fails due to blockage or other reasons, the other sub-thermal management component can still operate normally, improving the overall thermal management reliability of the battery device. Configuring independent thermal management components for the first battery pack 300 and the second battery pack 400 forms a redundant configuration of the thermal management equipment. If one of the first thermal management system or the second thermal management system malfunctions, it will not affect the use of the other thermal management component 70; or if either the first battery pack 300 or the second battery pack 400 malfunctions, it will not damage the thermal management component 70 of the other battery pack, thereby improving the redundancy of the battery system. Furthermore, the heat exchange structures of the first thermal management component 70 and the second thermal management component 70 are different. By configuring different thermal management structures, zoned thermal management and zoned heat dissipation can be achieved, better matching the different needs of the battery packs.

[0438] In some embodiments, the housing is provided with a first inlet 141 and a first outlet 142 communicating with the first sub-thermal management component 71, and a second inlet and a second outlet 144 communicating with the second sub-thermal management component 72; or, the housing 100 is provided with a third inlet (not shown) and a third outlet (not shown) communicating with the first sub-thermal management component 71 and the second sub-thermal management component 72.

[0439] The housing 100 is provided with a first inlet 141 and a first outlet 142 communicating with the first sub-thermal management component 71, and a second inlet 143 and a second outlet 144 communicating with the second sub-thermal management component 72.

[0440] Optionally, the battery cavity 101 includes a first battery cavity 1011 and a second battery cavity 1012. A first inlet 141 and a first outlet 142 are correspondingly disposed on the cavity wall of the first battery cavity 1011. The first inlet 141 and the first outlet 142 are used to allow the heat exchange medium to flow into and out of the first sub-thermal management component 71. A second inlet 143 and a second outlet 144 are correspondingly disposed on the cavity wall of the second battery cavity 1012. The second inlet and the second outlet 144 are used to allow the heat exchange medium to flow into and out of the first sub-thermal management component 71. Optionally, the first inlet 141 and the first outlet 142 are arranged vertically, and the second inlet and the second outlet 144 are arranged vertically to save space. Optionally, the first inlet 141, the first outlet 142, the second inlet and the second outlet 144 are located on the same side of the housing 100 to facilitate connection to the heat exchange medium source. Similarly, the first sub-thermal management component 71 and the second sub-thermal management component 72 are equipped with independent inlets and outlets, forming a redundant configuration from the inflow and outflow of the heat exchange medium, further improving the safety redundancy of the thermal management system.

[0441] In another embodiment, the housing 100 is provided with a third inlet and a third outlet communicating with the first sub-thermal management component 71 and the second sub-thermal management component 72. The first sub-thermal management component 71 and the second sub-thermal management component 72 each have heat exchange channels communicating with the third inlet and the third outlet, respectively. The third inlet and the third outlet are used to allow the heat exchange medium to flow into and out of the first sub-thermal management component 71 and the second sub-thermal management component 72. Optionally, the thermal management component 70 is provided with a channel for diverting flow to the first sub-thermal management component 71 and the second sub-thermal management component 72. The first sub-thermal management component 71 and the second sub-thermal management component 72 can be arranged in parallel; alternatively, the first sub-thermal management component 71 and the second sub-thermal management component 72 can also be arranged in series, or in a series-parallel configuration.

[0442] By adopting the above technical solution, both the first sub-thermal management component 71 and the second sub-thermal management component 72 can form a circulating flow path, which facilitates connection to the heat exchange medium source.

[0443] Please see Figures 21 to 27 In some embodiments, the number of first battery cavity 1011 and second battery cavity 1012 can be one or more, wherein the arrangement of the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 includes one or more of the following:

[0444] Arrangement (1): The first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 are arranged along the length of the housing 100;

[0445] Arrangement (2): The first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 are arranged along the width direction of the box 100;

[0446] Arrangement (3): The first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 are arranged along the height direction of the box 100;

[0447] Arrangement (4): One of the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 is located at one corner of the housing 100;

[0448] Arrangement (5): Several first battery cavities 1011 and several second battery cavities 1012 are arranged alternately.

[0449] The number of first battery cavities 1011 and second battery cavities 1012 can be one or more. If there are multiple first battery cavities 1011, each first battery cavity 1011 is used to accommodate a first battery pack 300, or each first battery cavity 1011 accommodates a plurality of first battery cells 310 in the first battery pack 300. If there are multiple second battery cavities 1012, each second battery cavity 1012 is used to accommodate a second battery pack 400, or each second cavity accommodates a plurality of second battery cells 410 in the second battery pack.

[0450] The length direction of the housing 100 is the direction of its longest side, the width direction is the direction of its second longest side, and the height direction is the direction of its shortest side. For example, if the housing 100 includes a tray 10 and a cover 20 arranged opposite each other along a first direction, then the first direction is the height direction of the housing 100. If the battery device is used in a vehicle, then the length direction of the housing 100 can be, but is not limited to, the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. If the cross-section of the housing 100 is approximately square, then the length, width, and height directions of the housing 100 can be defined according to the placement of the battery device, etc.

[0451] Please see Figure 26 In (a), the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 are arranged along the width direction of the housing 100; please refer to Figure 26 (b) The first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 are arranged along the length of the housing 100; please refer to Figure 26 (c) The first battery cavity 1011 is located at one corner of the housing 100, and the second battery cavity 1012 is located in the remaining part of the battery cavity 101; please refer to Figure 26 (d) Along the length of the housing 100, a first battery cavity 1011, a second battery cavity 1012, and another first battery cavity 1011 are arranged alternately, wherein two first battery cavities 1011 can each accommodate a portion of the first battery cells 310 in the first battery pack 300, or two first battery cavities 1011 can each accommodate one first battery pack 300; or, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 26 (d) The first battery cavity 1011, the second battery cavity 1012, and the third battery cavity 101 are arranged sequentially. The third battery cavity 101 is used to accommodate the third battery pack, which includes multiple third battery cells. Of course, the arrangement of the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 may also include various of the above-mentioned arrangements.

[0452] In the battery device provided in this application embodiment, the arrangement of the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 can be varied, with high flexibility. Specifically, it can be set according to the applicable scenario, the system of the battery cell, and other requirements to meet various usage needs.

[0453] In addition, the arrangement of the first battery cell 310 in the first battery cavity 1011 and the arrangement of the second battery cell 410 in the second battery cavity 1012 can be varied and can be combined with the arrangement of the first battery cavity 1011 and the second battery cavity 1012 to meet various usage requirements.

[0454] In some embodiments, within the first battery cavity 1011, a plurality of first battery cells 310 are arranged along the length and / or width and / or height of the housing 100; within the second battery cavity 1012, a plurality of first battery cells 310 are arranged along the length and / or width and / or height of the housing 100.

[0455] like Figure 27 As shown in (a), (b), and (d), within the first battery cavity 1011, a plurality of first battery cells 310 are arranged along the length and width directions of the housing 100, and / or, within the second battery cavity 1012, a plurality of second battery cells 410 are arranged along the length and width directions of the housing 100. It is understood that the number of first battery cells 310 and second battery cells 410 may be the same or different, and the number of rows and / or columns of the first battery cells 310 and second battery cells 410 may also be the same or different.

[0456] like Figure 27As shown in (c), the long side of the first battery cell 310 is aligned with the width of the first battery cavity 1011. Within the first battery cavity 1011, multiple first battery cells 310 are arranged in a row along the length or width of the housing 100. The first battery cell 310 may be, but is not limited to, a blade battery. Alternatively, within the second battery cavity 1012, multiple second battery cells 410 are arranged in a row along the length or width of the housing 100. The second battery cells 410 may be, but is not limited to, a blade battery.

[0457] like Figure 27 As shown in (b), the long side of the first battery cell 310 is aligned with the length direction of the first battery cavity 1011. Within the first battery cavity 1011, multiple first battery cells 310 are arranged in multiple rows along the length of the first battery cavity 1011 and in multiple columns along the width direction of the first battery cavity 1011. Alternatively, within the second battery cavity 1012, multiple second battery cells 410 are arranged in multiple rows along the length of the first battery cavity 1011 and in multiple columns along the width direction of the second battery cavity 1012.

[0458] In addition, multiple first battery cells 310 may be arranged in multiple layers along the height of the housing 100, and / or multiple second battery cells 410 may be arranged in multiple layers along the height of the housing 100.

[0459] It should be noted that, in any arrangement, the first battery cell 310 and / or the second battery cell 410 can be upright, inverted, or flat within the housing 100. Upright means that the battery cell's terminals are arranged vertically upwards, inverted means that the battery cell's terminals are arranged vertically downwards, and flat means that the battery cell's terminals are arranged to the side facing horizontally.

[0460] In the battery device provided in this application embodiment, the arrangement of the first battery cell 310 and the second battery cell 410 in the battery cavity 101 can be varied, with high flexibility. Specifically, it can be set according to the applicable cavity space, scenario, battery cell system, energy density and other requirements to meet various usage needs.

[0461] In some embodiments, at least two of the battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack, wherein the first battery pack includes a plurality of first battery cells and the second battery pack includes a plurality of second battery cells.

[0462] In the battery device / battery system of this application embodiment, the first battery cell and the second battery cell each independently include one or more of a secondary battery, a supercapacitor, and a primary battery, and at least one of the first battery cell and the second battery cell includes a secondary battery.

[0463] Optionally, both the first and second battery cells include a secondary battery.

[0464] Further optionally, the secondary battery includes one or more of the following: lithium secondary battery, sodium secondary battery, flow battery, lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, zinc halide battery, and air battery; the supercapacitor includes one or more of the following: electric double-layer capacitor, pseudocapacitor, and hybrid supercapacitor; and the primary battery includes one or more of the following: lithium primary battery, zinc-manganese dry cell battery, silver-zinc battery, lithium iron battery, and fuel cell.

[0465] In the above solutions, secondary batteries can be repeatedly charged and discharged hundreds to thousands of times. They have low energy cost per cycle and high energy density, making them suitable for scenarios requiring long-term battery life (such as electric vehicles, mobile phones, and energy storage power stations). Secondary batteries offer a wide range of material systems to choose from, with different chemical systems meeting diverse needs and adapting to various scenarios (automotive starting batteries, UPS power supplies, electric vehicles, drones, energy storage power stations, electric buses, hybrid vehicles, emergency equipment, etc.).

[0466] Lithium-ion batteries, depending on the form of the electrolyte, can include: lithium-ion batteries, lithium-ion polymer batteries, and solid-state lithium-ion batteries. Sodium-ion batteries include sodium-ion batteries and sodium metal batteries.

[0467] Supercapacitors are suitable for scenarios requiring instantaneous high power, such as electric vehicle acceleration / braking energy recovery, power grid frequency regulation, and UPS power supply instantaneous compensation; they can meet the needs of frequent charging and discharging, such as power tools and crane lifting systems; and in extreme temperature environments, such as aerospace and polar equipment, the power and charging and discharging capabilities of supercapacitors can still be effectively utilized.

[0468] In some embodiments, the combination of the first battery cell and the second battery cell may include: secondary battery + primary battery; secondary battery + secondary battery; secondary battery + supercapacitor.

[0469] In some embodiments, depending on the requirements, the following different battery system combinations can be selected to achieve complementary advantages of different battery systems:

[0470] Combination (1): Energy replenishment scheme, the first battery cell is a fast-charging, high-safety, low-temperature, high-power or long-life battery cell, and the second battery cell is a high-energy-density battery cell.

[0471] When applied in vehicles, the first battery pack can serve as the main battery pack, and the second battery cell can serve as an auxiliary battery pack. High-energy-density individual cells, due to their high energy density, can increase driving range and do not require frequent charging. They are suitable for providing emergency power to the main battery pack or for direct emergency use in case of main pack failure, thus alleviating range anxiety to some extent.

[0472] High-energy-density battery cells possess high volumetric energy density or gravimetric energy density; this embodiment primarily relates to volumetric energy density. In some embodiments, the high-energy-density battery cell can be an anode-free battery cell (AFB). Optionally, the anode-free battery cell can include a lithium-ion anode-free battery cell. Further optionally, the aforementioned lithium-ion anode-free battery cell includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate anode-free battery cell, lithium manganese iron phosphate anode-free battery cell, ternary anode-free battery cell, and hybrid cathode anode-free battery cell. The positive electrode active material of the hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell includes two or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide.

[0473] When the second battery cell is a battery cell without a negative electrode, the first battery cell can be a fast-charging battery cell. Its fast-charging capability can significantly shorten the charging time, solve the user's range anxiety, and make electric vehicles more practical for urban commuting and long-distance driving.

[0474] The first battery cell can also be a high-safety battery cell, which can improve vehicle safety to a certain extent, reduce accidents, and protect user safety.

[0475] The first battery cell can also be a cryogenic battery cell, which can maintain high capacity and charge / discharge efficiency in low-temperature environments, ensuring normal device operation. Furthermore, because cryogenic batteries maintain better performance at low temperatures, they can provide continuous power to devices for a longer period compared to ordinary batteries under the same low-temperature environment and usage conditions. Using cryogenic batteries can effectively improve the driving range of vehicles in cold weather, enhancing the convenience and reliability of travel.

[0476] The first battery cell can also be a high-power battery cell. High-power battery cells can respond quickly to charging and discharging needs, release a large amount of electrical energy in a short time, provide strong power for the vehicle, significantly improve driving performance and experience, and are more suitable for vehicles with frequent start-stop needs.

[0477] The first battery cell can also be a long-life battery cell. Using long-life batteries can enable vehicles to operate stably for a long time and reduce costs.

[0478] In other embodiments, there may be combinations such as:

[0479] Combination (2): The first battery cell is a low-voltage battery cell, and the second battery cell is a low-temperature battery cell or a long-life battery cell.

[0480] Combination (3): The first battery cell is a fast-charging battery cell, the second battery cell is a low-temperature battery cell, the first battery pack is the main battery pack, and the second battery pack is the auxiliary battery pack.

[0481] Combination (4): The first battery cell is a long-life battery cell, the second battery cell is a high-temperature battery cell or a fast-charging battery cell, the first battery pack is the main battery pack, and the second battery pack is the auxiliary battery pack.

[0482] It is understandable that in battery devices used in vehicles, the main battery pack needs to meet daily mileage requirements, and this can be, but is not limited to, long-life battery packs, fast-charging battery packs, high-temperature battery packs, low-temperature battery packs, high-power battery packs, etc. At the same time, battery packs with special performance characteristics can be selected as auxiliary battery packs, such as high-temperature battery packs, low-temperature battery packs, high-energy-density battery packs, etc.

[0483] In some embodiments, the battery device employs a first battery pack and a second battery pack with different chemical systems, meaning that the first battery cell and the second battery cell have different chemical systems. Here, "different chemical systems" refers to at least one difference between the positive electrode active material, the negative electrode active material, and the electrolyte form in the first battery cell and the second battery cell. Batteries with different chemical systems have different performance characteristics, enabling complementary advantages to adapt to a wider range of application scenarios.

[0484] In some embodiments, in the first battery pack, which serves as the main battery pack, the volumetric energy density of the first battery cell is in the range of 200Wh / L to 800Wh / L, and the total capacity of the first battery pack is not less than 40kWh. The first battery pack, as the main battery pack, with a total capacity of not less than 40kWh, corresponds to a range of 300-350km, which can meet the needs of daily commuting. The second battery pack can be selected from fast-charging battery packs, high-temperature battery packs, low-temperature battery packs, high-energy-density battery packs, high-safety battery packs, etc., to meet different scenario requirements.

[0485] In some embodiments, the first battery pack and the second battery pack satisfy at least one of the following conditions:

[0486] (1) When the volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is in the range of 200Wh / L to 800Wh / L, the total capacity of the second battery pack is not less than 20kWh;

[0487] (2) When the volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is in the range of 800Wh / L to 1200Wh / L, the total capacity of the second battery pack is not less than 40kWh;

[0488] (3) When the volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is in the range of 1200Wh / L to 2000Wh / L, the total capacity of the second battery pack is not less than 60kWh.

[0489] Optionally, within the battery pack housing, the space utilization ratio of the first battery pack to the second battery pack is 0.05 to 10. Optionally, the space utilization ratio is 0.1 to 8.0, or 0.12 to 6.0. Further optionally, the space utilization ratio is in the range of 1.0 to 5.0.

[0490] In the above embodiment, the first battery pack is used as the main pack, and the second battery pack is used as an auxiliary pack. The volume of the first battery pack is larger than that of the second battery pack, with a space utilization ratio preferably within 5. This allows for the full layout of the main pack battery pack, enabling the entire battery pack to better meet daily mileage requirements, while also providing necessary space for the second battery pack to ensure it is not too small, thus providing sufficient power in special circumstances. This balances the performance of the main pack with special needs.

[0491] In some embodiments, the first battery cell and the second battery cell are each independently selected from any one or more of the following battery cells I to VII:

[0492] (1) Battery cell I, which has high specific energy and its volumetric energy density is in the range of 450Wh / L to 2000Wh / L. Battery cell I includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate-graphite lithium-ion battery cell, lithium manganese iron phosphate-graphite lithium-ion battery cell, ternary-graphite lithium-ion battery cell, hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell, lithium-ion negative electrode-free battery cell, semi-solid-state battery cell, and all-solid-state battery cell; optionally, the negative electrode active material in the ternary-graphite lithium-ion cell also includes silicon-based material; the positive electrode active material of the hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell includes two or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide; optionally, at least one battery cell I is a lithium-ion negative electrode-free battery cell.

[0493] (2) Battery cell II, which has fast charging performance, and at 25°C, the equivalent charging rate of 10%SOC-80%SOC is greater than or equal to 2C. Optionally, the equivalent charging rate of battery cell II of 10%SOC-80%SOC is above 2.5C. Further optionally, the equivalent charging rate of battery cell II of 10%-80%SOC is above 4C.

[0494] (3) Battery cell III, battery cell III has high safety and thermal runaway temperature not lower than 250℃; and / or, the overcharge boundary of battery cell III is not lower than 140% SOC;

[0495] (4) Battery cell IV, which has good low-temperature performance, and the charging time from 10% SOC to 80% SOC at an ambient temperature of -10℃ is less than or equal to 40 min; and / or, the capacity retention rate of battery cell IV at an ambient temperature of -20℃ and charged at 0.33C is above 80%; and / or, battery cell IV includes at least one of sodium-ion battery cell, sodium-ion battery cell without negative electrode, sodium metal battery cell, lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion battery, ternary lithium-ion battery cell, and hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell, and the positive electrode active material of the hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell includes two or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium-containing transition metal oxides.

[0496] (5) Battery cell V, battery cell V is an ultra-high power battery cell, which is discharged to the lower limit cutoff voltage at 5C rate under 50% SOC. For example, the lower limit cutoff voltage of LFP is 2.0V, and the lower limit cutoff voltage of NCM is generally 2.5V.

[0497] The discharge time of the battery cell V is greater than or equal to 30s, preferably greater than or equal to 60s, and more preferably greater than or equal to 100s; and / or, when the battery cell V is at 50% SOC, it discharges at 3.5C for 10s, and the DC resistance DCR of the battery cell V is less than 0.4mΩ, preferably less than 0.3mΩ; and / or, the power density of the battery cell V is not less than 500W / kg, and optionally between 600 W / kg and 5000W / kg.

[0498] (6) Battery cell VI, which has a long lifespan. When the battery cell VI is cycled to 70% SOH, the number of cycles of battery cell VI shall not be less than 3,000; optionally, not less than 4,000.

[0499] (7) Battery cell VII, battery cell VII has excellent high temperature performance. When stored at an ambient temperature of 45°C for 90 days, the capacity retention rate of the second battery cell is not less than 95%; and / or, when stored at an ambient temperature of 60°C for 60 days, the capacity retention rate of the second battery cell is not less than 98%.

[0500] In some embodiments, the energy density of a single lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell is 450Wh / L to 2000Wh / L.

[0501] Optionally, the positive electrode active material of the lithium-ion anode-free battery cell is one or more of the following: olivine phase lithium phosphate, layered lithium transition metal oxide, and spinel phase lithium manganese-based oxide.

[0502] Optionally, the olivine phase lithium phosphate includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate and lithium manganese iron phosphate;

[0503] Optionally, the ratio of the number of moles of nickel to the total number of moles of transition metal elements in the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide is 0.5 or more, and more preferably 0.7 or more.

[0504] Among them, "lithium iron phosphate" and "lithium manganese iron phosphate" refer to substances with lithium iron phosphate or lithium manganese iron phosphate as the main body. It can be understood that it also includes compounds obtained by doping and / or coating modification on lithium iron phosphate or lithium manganese iron phosphate matrix. The doping elements include metal elements such as Ti, Al, and Mg, and the coating materials can be carbon-based materials, fast ion conductors, etc.

[0505] In some embodiments, when the second battery cell is a lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell, in addition to having a high volumetric energy density, the electrodeless battery cell can achieve excellent electrochemical performance through the selection of the positive electrode active material. For example, the positive electrode active material and the achievable energy density of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell can be:

[0506] (1) The positive electrode active material of lithium-ion non-negative electrode battery cell includes lithium iron phosphate, and the VED range of lithium-ion non-negative electrode battery cell is 450~700Wh / L.

[0507] (2) The positive electrode active material of the lithium-ion battery cell without negative electrode includes two or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium-containing transition metal oxides, and the VED range of the lithium-ion battery cell without negative electrode is 650~1000Wh / L.

[0508] (3) The positive electrode active material of the lithium-ion non-negative electrode battery cell includes lithium-containing transition metal oxides, and the VED range of the lithium-ion non-negative electrode battery cell is 650~2000Wh / L.

[0509] Specifically, the positive electrode active material of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell is one or more of the following: olivine-phase lithium-containing phosphate, layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide, and spinel-phase lithium-manganese-based oxide. Among them, olivine-phase lithium-containing phosphate has a stable olivine structure, and during charge and discharge, the crystal structure changes little during lithium-ion insertion and extraction, maintaining structural stability and thus exhibiting excellent cycle performance. Optionally, the olivine-phase lithium-containing phosphate includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate and lithium manganese iron phosphate. Taking nickel-cobalt-manganese as an example, the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide can achieve good cycle performance by optimizing the element ratio, and the higher the nickel content, the higher the energy density. Optionally, the layered lithium-containing transition metal oxide contains nickel, and the molar ratio of nickel to the total molar ratio of the transition metal elements is 0.5 or higher, and more preferably 0.7 or higher. This gives the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell a higher energy density.

[0510] In some embodiments, the negative electrode of a lithium-ion battery cell without a negative electrode is a current collector capable of conducting electrons, and the current collector satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0511] (1) The material of the current collector is selected from at least one of carbon-based materials and metal foil;

[0512] (2) The thickness range of the current collector is 3μm~8μm;

[0513] (3) The surface roughness of the current collector is less than or equal to 0.3 μm;

[0514] (4) The tensile strength of the current collector is 400MPa~1600MPa;

[0515] (5) A lithium metal layer is provided on at least one side of the current collector. Optionally, the thickness of the lithium metal layer is in the range of 3μm-30μm, and even more preferably, the thickness of the lithium metal layer is in the range of 5μm-25μm.

[0516] Using current collectors as negative electrodes not only significantly reduces battery costs but also enables batteries to achieve higher energy density. Specifically, the material of the negative electrode current collector in a negative electrode-free battery cell is selected from at least one of carbon-based materials and metal foils, such as copper foil.

[0517] Optionally, the thickness of the negative electrode current collector in the electrodeless battery cell ranges from 3 μm to 8 μm. Current collectors within this thickness range are lightweight, which can improve energy density, reduce internal resistance, and optimize charge and discharge performance. Optionally, the surface roughness of the negative electrode current collector in the electrodeless battery cell is less than or equal to 0.3 μm, for example, 0.1 to 0.3 μm. The lower the roughness of the negative electrode current collector, the more uniform deposition sites it can provide for metal ions, which can better promote uniform metal deposition, reduce the probability of lithium dendrite formation, and improve the quality of the metal deposition layer. Optionally, the tensile strength of the negative electrode current collector in the electrodeless battery cell can be from 400 MPa to 1600 MPa, for example, the tensile strength can be within the range of 400 MPa to 500 MPa, 500 MPa to 800 MPa, 800 MPa to 1000 MPa, 1000 MPa to 1200 MPa, 1200 MPa to 1600 MPa, etc. Higher tensile strength of the negative electrode current collector can better improve the structural stability of the battery cell, thereby extending battery life. Optionally, at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector in the electrodeless battery cell is provided with a lithium metal layer. Optionally, the thickness of the lithium metal layer ranges from 3 μm to 30 μm, and more preferably, the thickness ranges from 5 μm to 25 μm. The lithium metal layer can reduce polarization, improve interface performance, and guide uniform lithium ion deposition.

[0518] Coating weight refers to the amount of active material coated per unit area on the current collector. By combining different types of active materials and setting a certain range of coating weights on the electrodes, the specific energy of the battery can be improved.

[0519] In some embodiments, the second battery cell includes a lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell, wherein the positive electrode active material of its positive electrode sheet includes lithium iron phosphate, and the coating weight on one side of the positive electrode sheet can be in the range of 0.2~0.4g / 1540.25mm2. Specifically, the coating weight on one side of the positive electrode sheet can be in the range of 0.2~0.35g / 1540.25mm2, which is beneficial for improving cycle life, or it can be in the range of 0.35~0.4g / 1540.25mm2, which is beneficial for further improving the specific energy of the lithium iron phosphate electrodeless battery cell.

[0520] In this embodiment of the application, the second battery cell, a lithium-ion battery cell without a negative electrode, exhibits good cycle performance under charge-discharge conditions at a certain rate. For example:

[0521] (1) The lithium-ion negative electrodeless battery is charged and discharged at 25°C with a charging rate of 0.2C / discharging rate of 1C and within a discharge depth range of 80%, and has a cycle life of more than 100 cycles. Optionally, the cycle life is 150~400 cycles.

[0522] (2) The lithium-ion battery without negative electrode is charged and discharged at 25°C with a charging rate of 0.2C / discharging rate of 1C and within a discharge depth range of 50%, and the cycle life is above 200 cycles. Optionally, the cycle life is 200~550 cycles.

[0523] (3) The lithium-ion battery without negative electrode is charged and discharged at 25°C with a charging rate of 0.2C / discharging rate of 1C and a discharge depth of 30%, and the cycle life is more than 550 cycles.

[0524] Among these, the charging rate, usually denoted by "C," is a crucial indicator of battery charging speed and represents the ratio of the battery's charging current to its rated capacity. The discharging rate, similarly denoted by "C," measures the battery's discharging speed and also represents the ratio of the battery's discharging current to its rated capacity. The depth of discharge (DOD) is an important parameter for measuring the battery's state of discharge; it refers to the percentage of the battery's rated capacity that has been discharged during use, reflecting the extent of energy released from a fully charged state to its current state of discharge. By applying these charging and discharging rates, lithium-ion electrodeless battery cells exhibit better cycle life within a lower depth of discharge range.

[0525] The following are four further schemes combining different chemical systems:

[0526] Option 1: High specific energy system combination. The volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is greater than that of the first battery cell. The second battery pack includes at least the aforementioned battery cell I, i.e., the high specific energy battery cell. The first battery pack includes at least one or more of the aforementioned battery cells II, IV, and VI. That is, the first battery pack may include fast-charging, long-life, and low-temperature battery cells.

[0527] In the high-energy-density system combination scheme, the second battery pack may optionally include at least one of the following: lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery without a negative electrode, lithium manganese iron phosphate (LFP) battery without a negative electrode, ternary lithium battery without a negative electrode cell, hybrid cathode LFP battery without a negative electrode cell, all-solid-state battery, and semi-solid-state battery. The first battery pack may optionally include at least one of the following: lithium iron phosphate (LFP) lithium-ion battery, lithium manganese iron phosphate (LFP) lithium-ion battery, ternary lithium-ion battery cell, hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell, sodium-ion battery, all-solid-state battery, and semi-solid-state battery.

[0528] Specifically, the combination of the first battery cell and the second battery cell is as follows: LFP / LMFP lithium-ion battery + LFPAFB; hybrid cathode + NCM AFB; NCM + NCM AFB; sodium battery + LFP AFB; sodium battery + hybrid cathode; LFP + NCM; LMFP + NCM; LFP and LMFP + NCM; solid-state + NCM AFB.

[0529] In Scheme 1, the second battery cell is an AFB battery cell, and the second battery pack can be used as an auxiliary pack. Due to its high energy density, it can store more energy in a smaller volume, making it suitable as a backup battery pack. When the first battery pack is low on power, it can be charged by a DC-DC converter module. The first and second battery packs can also achieve high-voltage redundancy through a redundant circuit. When the first battery pack is difficult to use continuously, the second battery pack can be boosted by a DC-DC converter module to power the motor. Alternatively, the second battery pack itself can be a high-voltage battery pack.

[0530] Option 2: Fast charging system combination. The equivalent charging rate of the first battery cell between 10% and 80% SOC is greater than that of the second battery cell between 10% and 80% SOC. The first battery pack includes at least battery cell II, and the second battery pack includes at least one or more of battery cells IV and VI. In this embodiment, the prerequisite for the equivalent charging rate test is the current redundancy or power redundancy of the charging pile.

[0531] In this fast charging system combination scheme, optionally, the first battery pack includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, lithium manganese iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, ternary lithium-ion battery cells, and hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cells; the second battery pack includes at least one of sodium-ion batteries, lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, lithium manganese iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, ternary lithium-ion cells, solid-state battery cells, and semi-solid-state battery cells.

[0532] In this embodiment, in order to achieve better fast charging performance and a longer service life for the battery system, the first battery cell is selected from lithium iron phosphate-graphite lithium-ion battery cells with better fast charging performance, LFP / LMFP fast charging battery cells, and NCM fast charging battery cells. The second battery cell is selected from LFP long-life battery cells, specifically +LFP long-life battery cells.

[0533] In this embodiment, in order to enable the battery system to have better fast charging performance and take into account safety and low temperature performance, the first battery cell and the second battery cell can be LFP fast charging / LMFP fast charging battery cell and solid-state battery cell, respectively, or they can be LFP / LMFP fast charging and sodium battery cell.

[0534] In other embodiments, the first battery cell + the second battery cell can also be: NCM fast charging + sodium battery, LFP fast charging / LMFP fast charging + NCM, NCM fast charging + solid-state battery; hybrid cathode fast charging + sodium battery, hybrid cathode fast charging + NCM, hybrid cathode fast charging + solid-state battery.

[0535] Option 3: Long-life system combination. Under the same charge and discharge conditions, the cycle life of the first battery cell is more than 1.2 times that of the second battery cell. The first battery pack includes at least battery cell VI and long-life battery cells. The second battery pack includes battery cell IV (low-temperature battery cell) and may also include battery cell VII (high-temperature battery cell). It may also include battery cell IV (low-temperature battery cell) and battery cell VII (high-temperature battery cell).

[0536] The first battery cell has a cycle life of [missing information], and the second battery cell is a high-temperature battery cell or a low-temperature battery cell. The first battery pack is the main pack, and the second battery pack is the auxiliary pack. It can adapt to extremely cold and hot regions while meeting the requirement of a long service life, and can still charge and discharge normally in environments with high or low temperatures.

[0537] In this long-life battery pack design, optionally, the first battery pack includes at least one of the following: lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, lithium manganese iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, ternary lithium-ion battery cells, and hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cells; and the second battery pack includes at least one of the following: sodium-ion batteries, lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion batteries, ternary lithium-ion batteries, solid-state battery cells, and semi-solid-state battery cells. This achieves both a long lifespan and safety.

[0538] Further optionally, the first battery cell + the second battery cell can be: LFP / LMFP fast charging + sodium battery; LFP / LMFP fast charging + LFP long life; LFP fast charging / LMFP fast charging + NCM; LFP fast charging / LMFP fast charging + solid-state; NCM fast charging + sodium battery; NCM fast charging + LFP long life; NCM fast charging + solid-state; hybrid cathode fast charging + sodium battery; hybrid cathode fast charging + NCM; hybrid cathode fast charging + solid-state.

[0539] Option 4: Low-voltage + High-voltage combination. The first battery pack is a high-voltage battery pack, and the second battery pack is a low-voltage battery pack. Optionally, when the first battery pack includes one or more low-voltage battery modules of 12V, 24V, 36V, or 48V, the second battery pack includes at least one or more battery cells I to VII.

[0540] When this battery device is used in electrical devices, such as vehicles, the first battery pack serves as the main battery pack, and the second battery pack serves as an auxiliary battery pack. The first battery pack not only provides low-voltage power to the vehicle but can also be boosted by a voltage conversion module to provide auxiliary power to the drive system, thereby increasing the battery system's range. The second battery pack serves as the primary energy source for the entire battery system; the two work together to significantly improve the battery system's driving capability and range. Furthermore, the first and second battery packs are electrically connected via a voltage conversion circuit, allowing them to charge each other. For example, the first battery pack can replenish the energy of the second battery pack, enabling it to operate for a longer period, thus extending the overall lifespan of the battery system and further improving the driving range. Additionally, the second battery pack can be boosted by the voltage conversion circuit to output high voltage, powering the motor and further enhancing the battery system's range.

[0541] In this embodiment, the second battery pack includes multiple high-voltage battery modules, and the total capacity of the second battery pack is not less than 40kWh. The combined use of multiple high-voltage battery modules also enables redundant design, increasing the reliability and fault tolerance of the battery system and improving the battery device's range.

[0542] In some embodiments, the second battery pack may include at least one negative electrode-free battery cell; the battery system further includes: a heating system for regulating the temperature of the second battery pack; and a controller for controlling the heating system to regulate the battery temperature of the second battery pack to be greater than 40°C when the battery system is in a charging state.

[0543] In some embodiments, the second battery pack may include a plurality of second battery cells, wherein some or all of them may be negative electrode-free cells.

[0544] In one embodiment, the heating system can adjust the battery temperature of the second battery pack in real time according to the battery temperature of the second battery pack, the ambient temperature, and the charging and discharging conditions.

[0545] In some embodiments, the heating system continuously monitors the battery temperature of the second battery pack before or during charging. If the battery temperature of the second battery pack is less than 40°C, the heating system can be controlled to heat the second battery pack to adjust its temperature to be greater than or equal to 40°C, thereby improving the charging rate of the second battery pack. Specifically, the heating system may be a thermal management component.

[0546] Understandably, adjusting the battery temperature of the second battery pack to 40°C or higher during charging is to improve the charging rate of the second battery pack. This can be determined based on information such as the chemical materials of the negative electrode cells in the second battery pack, the stability of the SEI film, and the morphology of the negative electrode product.

[0547] In some embodiments, the controller controls the heating system to adjust the battery temperature of the second battery pack to be greater than or equal to 40°C. For example, it can be any of the above-mentioned values ​​or within any range of any two of the following: 40°C, 41°C, 42°C, 43°C, 44°C, 45°C, 45.5°C, 46°C, 47°C, 48°C, 49°C, 50°C, 51°C, 52°C, 53°C, 54°C, 55°C, 56°C, 57°C, 57.6°C, 58°C, 59°C, 60°C, 61°C, 62°C, 63°C, 64°C, 65°C, 66°C, 67°C, 68°C, 69°C, 70°C.

[0548] In some embodiments, the controller is used to control the heating system to adjust the battery temperature of the second battery pack to be greater than or equal to 45°C when the battery system is in a charging state; optionally, the battery temperature of the second battery pack is adjusted to be between 45°C and 70°C; further optionally, the battery temperature of the second battery pack is adjusted to be between 50°C and 65°C.

[0549] In some embodiments, the controller is used to control the voltage conversion circuit to charge the second battery pack at a first rate ≤ 1C when the battery system is in a charging state.

[0550] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to control the voltage conversion circuit to charge the second battery pack at a first rate ≤ 0.5C when the battery system is in a charging state; optionally, the first rate ≤ 0.2C.

[0551] It should be noted that the battery temperature of the second battery pack mentioned above can be either the temperature of the second battery cell in the second battery pack or the overall temperature of the second battery pack.

[0552] In specific applications, the above-mentioned battery system may be in a charging state in the following situations, including but not limited to: the first battery pack is connected to the charging device, and the battery system is connected to the charging device.

[0553] This application also provides an electrical device, including a battery system as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0554] In this embodiment, the electrical device includes the battery system described in any of the above embodiments. Within the battery system, at least two batteries can each supply a first voltage to a first load through a first power supply circuit. In the event of an anomaly in one battery pack, at least one other battery pack can supply the first voltage to the first load through the first power supply circuit, thereby improving the power supply stability of the first load and reducing safety hazards caused by power failure of the first load. On the other hand, at least two battery packs can each supply a second voltage to a second load through a second power supply circuit. In the event of an anomaly in one battery pack, at least one other battery pack can supply power to the second load through the second power supply circuit, thereby improving the power supply stability of the second load and reducing safety hazards caused by power failure of the second load. This ensures that both the first and second loads have at least two power supply circuits, which is beneficial for improving the stable operation of the vehicle's internal electronic control system and drive system.

[0555] In some embodiments, the electrical device includes a vehicle, and the first load includes a drive system for driving the vehicle.

[0556] In some embodiments, the electrical device includes a vehicle, and the second load includes a vehicle control system for body control.

[0557] In some embodiments, the electrical device includes a vehicle, the vehicle further includes an on-board charger (OBC), the battery system is connected to the OBC, and the OBC is used to AC charge the vehicle.

[0558] In some embodiments, the electrical device includes a vehicle, and the vehicle further includes an on-board battery for providing the second voltage to the second load.

[0559] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0560] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0561] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the electronic device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0562] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0563] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0564] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery system for connection with a first load and a second load, characterized by, The battery system includes: At least two battery packs, wherein at least two of the battery packs respectively provide a first voltage to a first load through a first power supply circuit, and at least one of the battery packs provides a second voltage to a second load through a second power supply circuit; wherein the first voltage is higher than the second voltage; The second power supply circuit is also used to connect in parallel with the vehicle power supply circuit, which is used to provide a second voltage to the second load.

2. The battery system of claim 1, wherein, At least one of the first power supply circuit and the second power supply circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit for converting the input voltage into the first voltage or the second voltage.

3. The battery system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The at least two battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack; The first battery pack and the second battery pack provide a first voltage to the first load through a first power supply circuit, and the second battery pack provides a second voltage to the second load through a second power supply circuit; the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

4. The battery system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first battery pack and the second battery pack are used to connect to the first load to output a first voltage to the first load; The second battery pack is connected to a voltage conversion circuit, which is used to output a second voltage to the second load through the voltage conversion circuit.

5. The battery system of claim 3, wherein, The at least two battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack; The first battery pack is used to connect to the first load to output a first voltage to the first load; The second battery pack is used to connect to the second load to output a second voltage to the second load; The second battery pack is connected to a voltage conversion circuit, which is used to output a first voltage to the first load through the voltage conversion circuit.

6. The battery system of claim 3, wherein, The at least two battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack, and the voltage conversion circuit includes a first voltage conversion device; The first battery pack is used to connect to the first load to output a first voltage to the first load; The second battery pack is connected to the first voltage conversion device and is used to output a first voltage to the first load through the first voltage conversion device; The first battery pack is connected to the first voltage conversion device and is used to output a second voltage to the second load through the first voltage conversion device.

7. The battery system of claim 3, wherein, The first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively provide a first voltage to the first load; At least some of the battery cells in the first battery pack or at least some of the battery cells in the second battery pack are connected to a voltage conversion circuit for providing a second voltage to the second load through the voltage conversion circuit.

8. The battery system of claim 3, wherein, The first battery pack is used to provide a first voltage to the first load, and the second battery pack is used to provide a second voltage to the second load; At least some of the individual cells of the second battery pack are connected to a voltage conversion circuit for providing a first voltage to the first load through the voltage conversion circuit.

9. The battery system of claim 1, wherein, The at least two battery packs include n third battery packs and m fourth battery packs; where n is a positive integer greater than 2 and m is a positive integer; At least two of the n third battery packs output a first voltage to the first load through the first power supply circuit; The m fourth battery packs provide a second voltage to the second load through the second power supply circuit.

10. The battery system of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The battery system also includes: A third power supply circuit is connected to at least two of the battery packs, and the at least two battery packs charge and discharge each other through the third power supply circuit.

11. The battery system of claim 10, wherein, The at least two battery packs include a fifth battery pack and a sixth battery pack; The fifth battery pack and the sixth battery pack are connected to the third power supply circuit. The fifth battery pack is used to charge the sixth battery pack through the third power supply circuit, or the sixth battery pack is used to charge the fifth battery pack through the third power supply circuit.

12. The battery system of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein, The at least two battery packs are connected in parallel, and the battery system further includes: A switching circuit, connected to the at least two battery packs, is used to control at least one of the battery packs to be connected to the power supply circuit.

13. The battery system of any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein, The battery system also includes: A switching circuit, connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, is used to control the first battery pack and / or the second battery pack to connect to the power supply circuit.

14. The battery system of claim 13, wherein, The switching circuit includes: A first switch, connected to the first battery pack, is used to control the first battery pack to connect to the power supply circuit; The second switch is connected to the second battery pack and is used to control the second battery pack to connect to the power supply circuit.

15. The battery system of claim 1, wherein, The battery system also includes: A switching circuit, connected to the at least two battery packs, is used to control the at least two battery packs in series.

16. The battery system of claim 12, wherein, The switching circuit is also used to control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in series.

17. The battery system of claim 16, wherein, The switching circuit includes: The third switch is connected to the first terminal of the first battery pack and the second terminal of the second battery pack, and is used for on / off control of the series circuit of the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

18. The battery system of claim 1, wherein, The battery system also includes: A switching circuit, connected to the at least two battery packs, is used to control the at least two battery packs to be connected in series or in parallel.

19. The battery system of any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein, The battery system also includes: A switching circuit, connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, is used to control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in series or in parallel.

20. The battery system of claim 19, wherein, The switching circuit includes a fourth switch and a fifth switch; The fourth switch is connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and is used to control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in series. The fifth switch is connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and is used to control the first battery pack and the second battery pack to be connected in parallel.

21. The battery system of claim 20, wherein, The switching circuit includes a sixth switch, and the sixth switch includes at least a first contact group and a second contact group; The first contact group is used to control at least two of the battery packs connected in series; The second contact group is used to control at least two of the battery packs to be connected in parallel; The sixth switch is used to control at least two of the battery packs to be connected in series or in parallel.

22. The battery system of claim 11, wherein, The third power supply circuit includes a voltage conversion circuit. The fifth battery pack and the sixth battery pack are connected to the voltage conversion circuit. The fifth battery pack is used to charge the sixth battery pack through the voltage conversion circuit, or the sixth battery pack is used to charge the fifth battery pack through the voltage conversion circuit.

23. The battery system of any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein, The at least two battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack. The first battery pack includes a plurality of first battery cells, and the second battery pack includes a plurality of second battery cells. Each of the first battery cells and the second battery cells independently includes one or more of a secondary battery, a supercapacitor, and a primary battery, and at least one of the first battery cells and the second battery cells includes a secondary battery. The secondary battery includes one or more of the following: lithium secondary battery, sodium secondary battery, flow battery, lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, zinc halide battery, and air battery; the supercapacitor includes one or more of the following: electric double-layer capacitor, pseudocapacitor, and hybrid supercapacitor; the primary battery includes one or more of the following: lithium primary battery, zinc-manganese dry cell battery, silver-zinc battery, lithium iron battery, and fuel cell.

24. The battery system of claim 23, wherein, Both the first battery cell and the second battery cell include a secondary battery.

25. The battery system of claim 23, wherein, The first cell of the first battery pack and the second cell of the second battery pack have different chemical systems.

26. The battery system of claim 23, wherein, The volumetric energy density of the first battery cell is in the range of 200Wh / L to 800Wh / L, and the total capacity of the first battery pack is not less than 40kWh. The second battery pack meets one of the following conditions: (1) When the volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is in the range of 200Wh / L to 800Wh / L, the total capacity of the second battery pack is not less than 20kWh; (2) When the volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is in the range of 800Wh / L to 1200Wh / L, the total capacity of the second battery pack is not less than 40kWh; (3) When the volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is in the range of 1200Wh / L to 2000Wh / L, the total capacity of the second battery pack is not less than 60kWh.

27. The battery system of any one of claims 23-26, wherein, The volume ratio of the first battery pack to the second battery pack is 0.05 to 10.

28. The battery system of claim 27, wherein, The volume ratio of the first battery pack to the second battery pack is 0.1 to 8.

0.

29. The battery system of claim 28, wherein, The volume ratio of the first battery pack to the second battery pack is 0.12 to 6.

0.

30. The battery system of any one of claims 23-29, wherein, The first battery cell and the second battery cell are each independently selected from any one or more of the following battery cells I to VII: (1) Battery cell I, wherein the volumetric energy density of battery cell I is in the range of 450Wh / L to 2000Wh / L, and battery cell I includes at least one of lithium iron phosphate to graphite lithium-ion battery cell, lithium manganese iron phosphate to graphite lithium-ion battery cell, ternary to graphite lithium-ion battery cell, hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell, lithium-ion non-negative electrode battery cell, semi-solid-state battery cell, and all-solid-state battery cell; (2) Battery cell II, wherein the battery cell II has an equivalent charging rate of 10% to 80% SOC at 25°C greater than or equal to 2C. (3) Battery cell III, wherein the thermal runaway temperature of the battery cell III is not lower than 250°C; and / or, the overcharge boundary of the battery cell III is not lower than 140% SOC; (4) Battery cell IV, wherein the charging time of battery cell IV from 10% SOC to 80% SOC at an ambient temperature of up to 10°C is less than or equal to 40 min; and / or, the capacity retention rate of battery cell IV at an ambient temperature of up to 20°C under 0.33C conditions is above 80%; and / or, battery cell IV includes at least one of sodium-ion battery cell, sodium-ion negative electrode-free battery cell, sodium metal battery cell, lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion battery, ternary lithium-ion battery cell, and hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell; (5) Battery cell V, wherein the battery cell V is discharged at 5C rate to the lower limit cutoff voltage at 50% SOC, and the discharge time of the battery cell V is greater than or equal to 30s; and / or, the battery cell V is discharged at 3.5C for 10s at 50% SOC, and the DC impedance DCR of the battery cell V is less than 0.4mΩ; and / or, the power density of the battery cell V is not less than 500W / kg; (6) Battery cell VI, wherein when the battery cell VI is cycled to 70% SOH, the number of cycles of the battery cell VI is not less than 6000; (7) Battery cell VII, wherein the capacity retention rate of the second battery cell is not less than 95% when the battery cell VII is stored at an ambient temperature of 45°C for 90 days; and / or, the capacity retention rate of the battery cell VII is not less than 98% when the battery cell VII is stored at an ambient temperature of 60°C for 60 days.

31. The battery system of claim 30, wherein, At least one of the battery cells I is a lithium-ion battery cell without a negative electrode.

32. The battery system of claim 30, wherein, The battery cell II has an equivalent charging rate of 2.5C or higher when the SOC is between 10% and 80%.

33. The battery system of claim 31, wherein, The battery cell II has an equivalent charging rate of 4C or higher at 10% to 80% SOC.

34. The battery system of claim 30, wherein, The discharge time of the battery cell V is greater than or equal to 60s.

35. The battery system of claim 34, wherein, The discharge time of the battery cell V is greater than or equal to 100s.

36. The battery system of claim 30, wherein, When the battery cell V is discharged at 3.5C for 10s at 50% SOC, the DC resistance DCR of the battery cell V is <0.3mΩ.

37. The battery system of claim 30, wherein, The power density of the battery cell V is between 600W / kg and 5000W / kg.

38. The battery system of claim 30, wherein, When the battery cell VI is cycled to 70% SOH, the number of cycles for the battery cell VI shall not be less than 6500.

39. The battery system of any one of claims 30-38, wherein, The energy density of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell is from 450Wh / L to 2000Wh / L.

40. The battery system of any one of claims 30-39, wherein, The lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell must meet at least one of the following conditions: (1) The VED range of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell is 450 to 700 Wh / L; (2) The VED range of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell is 600 to 1000 Wh / L; (3) The VED range of the lithium-ion non-anode battery cell is 650 to 2000 Wh / L.

41. The battery system of any one of claims 30-40, wherein, The negative electrode of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell is a current collector capable of conducting electrons, and the current collector satisfies at least one of the following conditions: (1) The thickness of the current collector ranges from 3 μm to 8 μm; (2) The surface roughness of the current collector is less than or equal to 0.3 μm; (3) The tensile strength of the current collector is 400 MPa to 1600 MPa; (4) A lithium metal layer is provided on at least one side of the current collector, and the thickness of the lithium metal layer is in the range of 3 μm to 30 μm.

42. The battery system of claim 41, wherein, The thickness of the lithium metal layer ranges from 5 μm to 25 μm.

43. The battery system of any one of claims 30-42, wherein, The cycle life of the lithium-ion electrodeless battery cell must meet at least one of the following conditions: (1) The lithium-ion electrodeless battery is charged and discharged at 25°C with a charging rate of 0.2C / discharging rate of 1C and within 80% of the depth of discharge, and has a cycle life of 150 to 300 cycles. (2) The lithium-ion electrodeless battery is charged and discharged at 25°C with a charge rate of 0.2C / discharge rate of 1C and within a discharge depth range of 50%, and the cycle life is 200 to 400 cycles. (3) The lithium-ion electrodeless battery is charged and discharged at 25°C with a charging rate of 0.2C / discharging rate of 1C and a discharge depth of 30%, and the cycle life is more than 500 cycles.

44. The battery system of any one of claims 30-39, wherein, The volumetric energy density of the second battery cell is greater than that of the first battery cell, and the second battery pack includes at least the battery cell I, and the second battery pack includes at least one or more of the battery cells II, IV, and VI.

45. The battery system of claim 23, wherein, The second battery pack includes at least one of the following: lithium iron phosphate battery without negative electrode, lithium manganese iron phosphate battery without negative electrode, ternary battery cell without negative electrode, hybrid cathode battery cell without negative electrode, all-solid-state battery, and semi-solid-state battery. The first battery pack includes at least one of the following: lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium manganese iron phosphate battery, ternary lithium-ion battery cell, hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell, sodium-ion battery, all-solid-state battery, and semi-solid-state battery.

46. The battery system of any one of claims 25-45, wherein, The first battery cell has an equivalent charge rate of 10% to 80% SOC that is greater than that of the second battery cell in the same range. The first battery pack includes at least the battery cell II, and the second battery pack includes at least one or more of the battery cells IV and VI.

47. The battery system of claim 46, wherein, The first battery pack includes at least one of the following: lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium manganese iron phosphate battery, ternary lithium-ion battery cell, and hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell. The second battery pack includes at least one of the following: sodium-ion battery, lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium manganese iron phosphate battery, ternary lithium-ion cell, solid-state battery cell, and semi-solid-state battery cell.

48. The battery system of any one of claims 30-45, wherein, Under the same charge and discharge conditions, the cycle life of the first battery cell is more than 1.2 times that of the second battery cell, the first battery pack includes at least the battery cell VI, and the second battery pack includes at least one or more of the battery cells IV and VII.

49. The battery system of claim 48, wherein, The first battery pack includes at least one of the following: lithium iron phosphate battery, lithium manganese iron phosphate battery, ternary lithium-ion battery cell, and hybrid cathode lithium-ion battery cell. The second battery pack includes at least one of the following: sodium-ion battery, lithium iron phosphate battery, ternary lithium-ion battery, solid-state battery cell, and semi-solid-state battery cell.

50. The battery system according to any one of claims 3 to 8, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19 to 21, 23 to 49, characterized in that, The second battery pack includes at least one battery cell without a negative electrode; The battery system also includes: A heating system is used to regulate the temperature of the second battery pack; The controller is used to control the heating system to adjust the battery temperature of the second battery pack to be greater than 40°C when the second battery pack is in the charging state.

51. The battery system of claim 50, wherein, in, The controller is used to control the heating system to adjust the battery temperature of the second battery pack to be greater than or equal to 45°C when the battery system is in charging condition.

52. The battery system of claim 51, wherein, The controller is used to control the heating system to adjust the battery temperature of the second battery pack to 45-70°C when the battery system is in charging condition.

53. The battery system of claim 52, wherein, The controller is used to control the heating system to adjust the battery temperature of the second battery pack to 50-65°C when the battery system is in charging condition.

54. The battery system according to any one of claims 50 to 53, characterized in that, The second battery pack includes at least one battery cell without a negative electrode; The battery system also includes: A controller is used to control a voltage conversion circuit to charge the second battery pack at a first rate ≤ 1C when the battery system is in a charging state.

55. The battery system according to claim 54, characterized in that, A controller is configured to control the voltage conversion circuit to charge the second battery pack at a first rate ≤ 0.5C when the battery system is in a charging state.

56. The battery system of claim 55, wherein, The first multiplier is ≤0.2C.

57. An electrical device, comprising: The electrical device includes: First load and second load; The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 56, wherein the battery system is connected to the first load and the second load; And an on-board power supply circuit, which is connected to the second load and is used to provide a second voltage to the second load.

58. The powered device of claim 57, wherein, The electrical device includes a vehicle, and the first load includes a drive system for driving the vehicle.

59. The powered device of claim 57, wherein, The electrical device includes a vehicle, and the second load includes a vehicle control system, which is used for vehicle body control.

60. The powered device of claim 57, wherein, The electrical device includes a vehicle, and the vehicle further includes an on-board charger (OBC). The battery system is connected to the OBC, and the OBC is used to AC charge the vehicle.

61. The powered device of claim 57 wherein, The vehicle power supply circuit also includes a vehicle battery, which is used to provide the second voltage to the second load.

62. The powered device of claim 61, wherein, The vehicle power supply circuit also includes a vehicle voltage conversion circuit, through which the battery system supplies power to the vehicle battery.

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